CN105829569A - 用于处理非磁性金属带的包括合金化热镀锌工段的连续式处理流水线以及在所述合金化热镀锌工段中的所述带的感应加热方法 - Google Patents
用于处理非磁性金属带的包括合金化热镀锌工段的连续式处理流水线以及在所述合金化热镀锌工段中的所述带的感应加热方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于处理非磁性金属带1的连续式处理流水线，更具体地涉及一种用于加热经过所述连续式处理流水线的所述非磁性金属带的感应加热装置14和方法，所述连续式处理流水线包括涂覆工段20，所述装置沿所述带的经过方向被安装在所述涂覆工段的下游，所述装置能够将所述带的温度在整个宽度上提升到所需的等级，以得到所希望的涂覆变化，所述加热装置包括至少一个横流式感应器15。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及钢线圈的连续式镀锌流水线，更具体地涉及合金化热镀锌(galvannealing)工段。本发明尤其涉及一种用于在合金化热镀锌过程中加热非磁性钢的钢带横流式感应加热装置和方法。
背景技术
全球对具有高机械性能的镀锌钢的需求急剧增长。这在使用这些钢来减小金属板厚度而得到相同机械强度的机动车辆领域中尤其确切。由减小厚度引起的重量节省体现于更少的车辆消耗和因此更少的CO2排放。高锰钢特别有利，这是因为高锰钢使高机械强度与通过冲压形成的高性能协调。
用于机动车辆车身的金属板通常根据合金化热镀锌方法来涂覆。在该方法中，在带淬火镀锌之后添加一个步骤。该步骤涉及在锌池输出端的镀锌钢带的加热，之后为保持阶段。在该步骤中，锌层由于金属板的铁以及镀层的锌的扩散而改变，这导致在金属支承件与锌层之间产生合金。合金化热镀锌增加了被涂覆的金属板的焊接性并且改善了金属板表面在被涂料之后的质量。
注意到，此处术语合金化热镀锌不可看作与在较高的温度(大约800℃，而合金化热镀锌在低于650℃的较低温度下执行)下进行的退火相似。这涉及可称为“合金化处理”(合金化为在镀锌层与其支承件之间产生合金)的加热和保持处理。可参考《Techniquedel’ingénieur》的文献m1531的段落2.3.7.2，该段落借助于示例解释了合金化热镀锌方法。明确指出当金属板从接近450℃的镀锌槽输出时，快速将该温度提升到500℃，然后使带在大约10秒期间保持在该温度上，涂锌层由于铁在液态锌中的扩散而转变为铁-锌合金，并且所得到的镀层因此呈现亚光灰色并且包括8％至12％的铁。该处理在竖直炉中实施，所述竖直炉在冷却塔的上升通道上即刻布置在槽之后。
在合金化热镀锌工段中对于带的加热传统上由纵流式感应加热设备来实施。其优点在于将较大的功率密度传送到能够使该设备长度减小的带。加热设备的紧凑性事实上对于镀锌塔至关重要，这是因为合金化热镀锌步骤的添加引起所述塔的高度由于要安装的设备的长度而大大增加从而确保带的加热和温度保持以及该带的额外制冷。事实上，带的镀层需在到达安置在塔顶端的转向辊之前凝固，从而不会在带的表面上留下痕迹。保持设备的长度由确保金属扩散所需的时间来限定。当保持带的温度所需的供热受限时，带的加热通常由电阻来实施。
在合金化热镀锌工段的输入端，带的边沿较冷。事实上，除了边缘上的较强的自然冷却，由脱水机吹出的用于移除带上的多余锌的空气引起边沿的更大冷却。在加热之后在将带的温度保持在合金化热镀锌所需的温度上期间，有利地，所述带的温度在其宽度上是均匀的，以使铁在液态锌中的扩散在所述带的整个长度上、尤其在边沿上相同。为了补偿在合金化热镀锌工段输入端的较低边沿温度，因此需使所述边沿过热。为此，FR2661423描述了添加边沿加热装置。该解决方案不完全令人满意，这是因为该解决方案需要安置额外设备以消除该问题。
合金化热镀锌不用于所有质量的镀锌金属板。需在不使用合金化热镀锌设备时使所述合金化热镀锌设备下线，以由制冷壳体来代替所述合金化热镀锌设备，所述制冷壳体能够增加塔的制冷能力以及镀锌钢(GI)流水线的生产能力。原则上，纵流式感应加热设备包括围绕带的线圈。为了能够使加热设备下线，需设置能够开启的感应器。例如由JP2903449描述的这种设备的复杂性使该解决方案不令人满意。
高锰钢在环境温度下通常为奥氏体结构并且为非磁性的。由于加热效率极低，对这些钢进行纵流式感应加热不再可能。因此，如今在用于涂覆非磁性钢的合金化热镀锌工段中不存在感应加热装置。根据现有技术的解决方案涉及安装装配有燃烧器或电阻的设备，但该解决方案导致设备由于受限的功率密度而过长。
发明内容
本发明对于上面提及的问题提供了一种解决方案，该解决方案特别有利于非磁性钢的合金化热镀锌，同时该解决方案能够具有极其紧凑的加热工段，所述加热工段可被容易地下线并且能够使边沿过热。
因此根据第一方面，本发明旨在提供一种非磁性金属带的连续式处理流水线，所述处理流水线包括涂覆工段和安置在所述涂覆工段下游的合金化热镀锌工段，所述合金化热镀锌工段包括用于加热所述非磁性金属带的感应加热装置，所述装置能够将所述带的温度提升到所需的等级，以得到所述带的镀层的希望的变化，其特征在于，所述加热装置包括至少一个横流式感应器。
这涉及横流式感应在连续式流水线中的新应用，该应用被本领域技术人员考虑用于高温(通常超过800℃)下的退火工段，所述退火工段能够深度改变带的冶金结构。通过横流式感应器，磁流被引导成与带的表面垂直。相反地，磁流在纵流式加热时与带的表面相切。在本发明的保护范围内，横流式感应能够加热非磁性材料，并且具有极好的能量效率和较大的功率密度。
实际上，横流式感应器由位于要加热的带的两侧的两个磁极结构和激励线圈组成。线圈中的交流电流被极化，以在任何时刻上使相面对的磁极为异号磁极，这迫使磁流经过该带。
由于需得到用于不同宽度的带的优化加热质量，用于在合金化热镀锌工段中加热带的横流式感应器的实施变得复杂。因此，根据本发明的装置具有的线圈的尺寸适用于影响带的横向温度廓线。根据本发明的实施变型，所述装置包括在所述带的宽度上侧向可动的屏，以影响所述带的横向温度廓线，从而使对于屏的位置的调节能够调整所述带的边沿的过热。所述屏还可横向可动，以调节所述屏相对于所述带的间距。横流式感应器通常包括两对线圈。尤其根据要加热的带的特征以及流水线的生产能力来选择线圈对的数量。
根据本发明的横流式感应器包括以独立方式位于钢带两侧的未机械联接的两个板的设计。该设计能够使合金化热镀锌工段在不被使用时被容易地折叠或退回，因此在合金化热镀锌流水线不产生镀锌钢(GA)时释放可用于其它目的的空间。
根据第二方面，本发明还旨在提供一种在非磁性金属带的连续式处理流水线的合金化热镀锌工段中的所述非磁性金属带的感应加热方法，所述处理流水线包括涂覆工段，所述合金化热镀锌工段安置在所述涂覆工段下游，其特征在于，所述带的加热借助于横流式感应器来实施。
因此，流水线的涂覆工段能够实施淬火镀锌，根据本发明的加热能够实施合金化热镀锌。
根据本发明，为了提前由脱水机中的边缘效应引起的对于边沿的额外冷却，由横流式感应器直接使带的边沿过热，以在保持合金化热镀锌温度的阶段期间得到带的在其宽度上基本均匀的温度。
根据本发明的横流式感应器的屏对于合金化热镀锌的特定操纵不仅能够在感应器输入端的廓线平坦时得到在感应器输出端的平坦温度廓线，还能够在温度廓线呈现边沿处局部欠热时得到感应器的平坦输出廓线，这是在合金化热镀锌工段的输出端的典型廓线情况。对于屏的位置的操纵还能够补偿在镀锌工段输出端的边沿的欠热，并且由于可动屏的良好定位而能够得到对于不同宽度的镀锌钢带的平坦温度廓线。
附图说明
通过阅读作为非限制性示例给出的详细说明和附图，本发明的其它特征和优点将更加清楚，在附图中：
-图1：示意性示出了根据现有技术的用于处理非磁性钢的镀锌流水线的涂覆工段，所述涂覆工段包括使用纵流式感应加热的合金化热镀锌，
-图2：示意性示出了由纵流式感应器引起的磁流，
-图3：示意性示出了由横流式感应器引起的磁流，
-图4：示意性示出了根据本发明的感应加热装置的实施例，以及，
-图5：示意性示出了根据本发明的感应加热装置的实施例的剖视图，尤其示出了可动屏的使用。
具体实施方式
图1上示意性示出了镀锌流水线的镀锌塔21。涂覆工段20的下游安置有合金化热镀锌工段。来自退火炉的带1浸入锌池2中。该带的走带方向由箭头13指示。在锌池的输出端，该带在镀锌塔中竖直上升。该带经过脱水机3，所述脱水机能够在该带进入合金化热镀锌工段中之前在该带上仅保持所需的镀层厚度。
该带在第一时间经过装配有纵流式感应器5的加热装置4，所述纵向流式感应器能够将该带提升到合金化热镀锌所需的温度。该带随后经过装配有电阻7的保持单元6。该带随后通过连续的冷却壳体而用空气冷却，然后在水池9中用水冷却。
图2示意性示出了由纵流式感应器5引起的磁流10。该磁流与带1的表面相切。
图3示意性示出了由横流式感应器12引起的磁流11。该横流式感应器由一对线圈12a、12b构成。磁流被引导成与带1的表面垂直。
图4示意性示出了根据本发明的感应加热装置14的实施例。该装置包括横流式感应器15，所述横流式感应器包括在带的走带方向上连续的两对线圈16a、16b。一对由安置在带1的每侧的线圈构成。感应器由支承件17来保持。
该装置还包括安置在带的边沿19的两侧的屏18。图5更清楚地示出了这些可动屏相对于带1、线圈16以及支承板17的定位。
这些屏在带的宽度上侧向可动，以影响该带的横向温度廓线。侧向调节需理解成安置在该带的两个相对边沿19上的2个屏18a、18b的接近或远离。对于屏的位置的调节能够调整所述边沿的过热，以补偿导致所述边沿的更大冷却的边沿效应，并且因此得到在感应器输出端处的该带的基本均匀的温度。
根据本发明的实施变型，屏18还横向可动，以调节所述屏相对于该带的间距。该补充调节能够获得对于加热装置的更多调整可能性。
对于屏的操纵因此能够对于不同宽度的金属板校正在合金化热镀锌工段中预先存在的边沿温度不足，其中欠热的位置和宽度根据要处理的带的宽度和厚度可变。
根据图4上示出的本发明实施例，对于横流式感应器的操纵根据由不接触的周视瞄准式温度测量系统22测量的该带的温度来执行，所述温度测量系统覆盖整个带宽度，或者在带宽度上由多个不接触的测量系统(例如定位在该带中心上的系统22a和定位在该带边沿上的两个系统22b)组成。
根据本发明，有利地，通过执行由所述边沿的温度与炉底温度之间的差得到的边沿位置的实际检测，该带相对于流水线理论轴线的位置以及该带相对于流水线中心的任选偏移由边沿温度测量系统22检验。在需要时，感应器的位置被调节成即使在该带相对于流水线中心偏移的情况下也保持该带的最佳加热。
此外，由于该带的温度测量系统22仅考虑该带的中心温度或排除边沿温度之后的平均温度，感应器输出端的该带的整体温度等级根据相对于由该方法规定的平均温度的差的最小值来调节。
Claims (6)
1.一种非磁性金属带(1)的连续式处理流水线，所述处理流水线包括涂覆工段(20)和安置在所述涂覆工段(20)下游的合金化热镀锌工段，所述合金化热镀锌工段包括用于加热所述非磁性金属带的感应加热装置(14)，其特征在于，所述加热装置包括至少一个横流式感应器(15)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的处理流水线，所述处理流水线包括在所述带的宽度上侧向可动的屏(18)，以影响所述带的横向温度廓线，其特征在于，对于所述屏的位置的调节能够调整所述带的边沿(19)的过热。
3.根据权利要求2所述的处理流水线，其特征在于，屏(18)横向可动，以调节所述屏相对于所述带的间距。
4.根据权利要求1所述的处理流水线，其特征在于，横流式感应器(15)包括至少两对线圈(16)。
5.一种在非磁性金属带(1)的连续式处理流水线的合金化热镀锌工段中的所述非磁性金属带的感应加热方法，所述处理流水线包括涂覆工段(20)，所述合金化热镀锌工段安置在所述涂覆工段下游，其特征在于，所述带的加热借助于横流式感应器(15)来实施。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，调节屏(18)的位置以通过横流式感应器(15)来调整非磁性金属带(1)的边沿的过热并且得到在所述感应器的输出端处的所述带的基本均匀的温度。
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| FR1362272 | 2013-12-06 | ||
| PCT/IB2014/066694 WO2015083141A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 | 2014-12-08 | Ligne de traitement en continu d'une bande metallique amagnetique comprenant une section de galvannealing et procede de chauffage par induction de ladite bande dans ladite section de galvannealing |
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| JP7134591B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-23 | 2022-09-12 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 連続溶融亜鉛めっき方法及び連続溶融亜鉛めっき装置 |
| JP6763261B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-23 | 2020-09-30 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 鋼板の連続溶融亜鉛めっき装置及び合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
| JP6812999B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-01-13 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 金属帯の誘導加熱装置、金属帯の製造方法、及び合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
| KR102352267B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-01-17 | 카토즈 주식회사 | 유도 가열에 의한 선박용 후판 예열 및 가열 장치 |
| KR102357035B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-02-07 | 카토즈 주식회사 | 유도 가열에 의한 선박용 후판의 예열 및 가열 방법 |
| DE102020127784A1 (de) | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Bauteils sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3077562A1 (fr) | 2016-10-12 |
| EP3077562B1 (fr) | 2019-03-06 |
| JP2017508864A (ja) | 2017-03-30 |
| KR20160098281A (ko) | 2016-08-18 |
| TR201905763T4 (tr) | 2019-05-21 |
| FR3014449B1 (fr) | 2020-12-04 |
| US20170002438A1 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
| FR3014449A1 (fr) | 2015-06-12 |
| WO2015083141A1 (fr) | 2015-06-11 |
| JP6525339B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 |
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