CN105821681A - 一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105821681A
CN105821681A CN201610318558.3A CN201610318558A CN105821681A CN 105821681 A CN105821681 A CN 105821681A CN 201610318558 A CN201610318558 A CN 201610318558A CN 105821681 A CN105821681 A CN 105821681A
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王文庆
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:首先利用甘油和加氢催化剂反应,并同时加入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇;然后加入丙烯酸、衣康酸、对苯二甲酸、二乙二醇和新戊二醇,在一定条件下酯化,并抽真空,缩聚后得到聚酯多元醇;将聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇和异氰酸酯反应,并加入助剂复配,制得织物粘合剂,该制备方法简单易操作,生产成本低,制备过程中无有毒物质释放,对环境无害,且制得的粘合剂粘结性能优异,耐候性能好,韧性大。

Description

一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及纺织技术领域,具体的涉及一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法。
背景技术:
粘合剂是涂料印花色浆的主要组分,它是一种高分子成膜物质,由各种单体聚合而成,通过成膜而将颜料粘附于织物上,故成膜性能的好坏直接影响印花织物的牢度性能。目前广泛使用的丙烯酸酯系列自交联粘合剂中大部分都含有N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA),交联过程中会有产生甲醛,污染环境。因此,要使涂料印花工艺满足环保要求,必须开发出环保型粘合剂。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,该制备方法,操作简单,成本低,制备过程中无有毒物质释放,有利于环境保护,制备得到的粘合剂粘结性、韧性好,耐候性能优异。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度200-250℃,反应压力3.0-6.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为(6-12):1,质量空速为0.1-3h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为(0.5-5):1;
(2)酯化反应
将5-10质量份丙烯酸、6-12质量份衣康酸、10-20质量份对苯二甲酸、20-30质量份的二乙二醇、5-10质量份的新戊二醇以及10-20质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至220-260℃,反应5-10h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.09—-0.1MPa,保持真空时间为2-5h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将30-40质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、20-25质量份的聚醚多元醇和30-40质量份的异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在90-100℃下反应6-10h,降温至50-70℃,依次加入3-8质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5-10质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、2-5质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合30-60min,继续加入0.1-0.5质量份的柠檬精油、1-2质量份的交联剂和1-2质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌2-4h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
作为上述技术方案的优选,步骤(1)中,所述甘油以甘油溶液的形式加入,其中溶剂为乙醇、甲醇或水,甘油的质量分数为50-90%。
作为上述技术方案的优选,步骤(1)中,所述加氢催化剂为Cu-B2O3-CaO-Al2O3催化剂。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu5-30%和B2O31-20%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO5-30%和Al2O370-95%。
作为上述技术方案的优选,所述加氢催化剂中还含有助剂,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有助剂0.1-10%,所述助剂为Na2O或K2O。
作为上述技术方案的优选,步骤(2)中,制备聚酯多元醇的酯化步骤中,保持聚酯合成釜的馏出物的馏出量为2-4质量份/小时。
作为上述技术方案的优选,步骤(4)中,所述异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种混合。
作为上述技术方案的优选,步骤(4)中,所述聚醚多元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇、四氢呋喃-氧化丙烯共聚二醇中的一种或两种混合。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明采用甘油氢解制备1,2-丙二醇,并同时加入环己烷,环己烷可以促进吸附在催化剂活性位上的水的解吸附,从而消除了体系中生成的水对催化剂活性的影响,提高了催化剂的稳定性;而且大大降低了氢气的消耗量,而且甘油在生物柴油的大规模生产中会大幅过剩,采用甘油作为原料,大大节约了生产成本;
本发明制得粘合剂粘结性能好,韧性好,固化速度快,耐候性能优异,且制备方法简单,生产成本低,制备过程中无有毒物质释放,有利于环境保护。
具体实施方式:
为了更好的理解本发明,下面通过实施例对本发明进一步说明,实施例只用于解释本发明,不会对本发明构成任何的限定。
实施例1
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度200℃,反应压力3.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为6:1,质量空速为0.1h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为0.5:1,加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu5%和B2O35%,Na2O0.1%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO5%和Al2O395%;
(2)酯化反应
将5质量份丙烯酸、6质量份衣康酸、10质量份对苯二甲酸、20质量份的二乙二醇、5质量份的新戊二醇以及10质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至220℃,反应5h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.09MPa,保持真空时间为2h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将30质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、20质量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇和30质量份的二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在90℃下反应6h,降温至50℃,依次加入3质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、2质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合30min,继续加入0.1质量份的柠檬精油、1质量份的交联剂和1质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌2h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
实施例2
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度250℃,反应压力6.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为12:1,质量空速为3h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为5:1,加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu30%和B2O315%,K2O5%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO30%和Al2O370%;
(2)酯化反应
将10质量份丙烯酸、12质量份衣康酸、20质量份对苯二甲酸、30质量份的二乙二醇、10质量份的新戊二醇以及20质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至260℃,反应10h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.1MPa,保持真空时间为5h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将40质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、25质量份的四氢呋喃-氧化丙烯共聚二醇和40质量份的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在100℃下反应10h,降温至70℃,依次加入8质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、10质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、5质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合60min,继续加入0.5质量份的柠檬精油、2质量份的交联剂和2质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌4h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
实施例3
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度210℃,反应压力4.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为8:1,质量空速为1h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为1.5:1,加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu10%和B2O35%,Na2O2%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO10%和Al2O390%;
(2)酯化反应
将6质量份丙烯酸、8质量份衣康酸、12质量份对苯二甲酸、22质量份的二乙二醇、6质量份的新戊二醇以及12质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至230℃,反应6h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.092MPa,保持真空时间为3h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将32质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、21质量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇和32质量份的甲苯二异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在95℃下反应7h,降温至55℃,依次加入4质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、6质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、3质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合40min,继续加入0.2质量份的柠檬精油、1.2质量份的交联剂和1.4质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌2.5h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
实施例4
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度220℃,反应压力4.5MPa,氢/油摩尔比为10:1,质量空速为2h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为2.5:1,加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu15%和B2O310%,Na2O5%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO20%和Al2O380%;
(2)酯化反应
将7质量份丙烯酸、10质量份衣康酸、14质量份对苯二甲酸、26质量份的二乙二醇、7质量份的新戊二醇以及14质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至240℃,反应7h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.094MPa,保持真空时间为4h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将36质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、22质量份的四氢呋喃-氧化丙烯共聚二醇和36质量份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在100℃下反应8h,降温至60℃,依次加入5质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、7质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、3质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合50min,继续加入0.3质量份的柠檬精油、1.6质量份的交联剂和1.4质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌3h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
实施例5
一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度230℃,反应压力5.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为11:1,质量空速为2.5h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为3.5:1,加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu25%和B2O310%,K2O8%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO18%和Al2O382%;
(2)酯化反应
将8质量份丙烯酸、11质量份衣康酸、18质量份对苯二甲酸、26质量份的二乙二醇、8质量份的新戊二醇以及16质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至250℃,反应9h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.098MPa,保持真空时间为4.5h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将36质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、24质量份的聚氧化丙烯二醇和38质量份的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在95℃下反应9h,降温至65℃,依次加入7质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、8质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、4质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合55min,继续加入0.4质量份的柠檬精油、1.8质量份的交联剂和1.6质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌3.5h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。

Claims (8)

1.一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)1,2-丙二醇的制备
在反应温度200-250℃,反应压力3.0-6.0MPa,氢/油摩尔比为(6-12):1,质量空速为0.1-3h-1的操作条件下,甘油与加氢催化剂接触进行加氢反应,反应过程中同时通入环己烷,制得1,2丙二醇,其中,环己烷与甘油的质量比为(0.5-5):1;
(2)酯化反应
将5-10质量份丙烯酸、6-12质量份衣康酸、10-20质量份对苯二甲酸、20-30质量份的二乙二醇、5-10质量份的新戊二醇以及10-20质量份的步骤(1)制得的1,2-丙二醇加入到聚酯合成釜中,升温至220-260℃,反应5-10h,酯化完成;
(3)缩聚反应
将步骤(2)酯化步骤中酯化完成的聚酯合成釜抽真空,使得真空度达-0.09—-0.1MPa,保持真空时间为2-5h,缩聚完成,得到聚酯多元醇;
(4)复配
将30-40质量份步骤(3)制得的聚酯多元醇、20-25质量份的聚醚多元醇和30-40质量份的异氰酸酯,混合均匀,在90-100℃下反应6-10h,降温至50-70℃,依次加入3-8质量份的十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5-10质量份的聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、2-5质量份的茶多酚,搅拌混合30-60min,继续加入0.1-0.5质量份的柠檬精油、1-2质量份的交联剂和1-2质量份的抗氧化剂,搅拌2-4h,得到低成本环保织物粘合剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述甘油以甘油溶液的形式加入,其中溶剂为乙醇、甲醇或水,甘油的质量分数为50-90%。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述加氢催化剂为Cu-B2O3-CaO-Al2O3催化剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加氢催化剂中,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有Cu5-30%和B2O31-20%;以质量分数计,所述干基前驱体中,含CaO5-30%和Al2O370-95%。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加氢催化剂中还含有助剂,以干基前驱体的重量为基准,含有助剂0.1-10%,所述助剂为Na2O或K2O。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,制备聚酯多元醇的酯化步骤中,保持聚酯合成釜的馏出物的馏出量为2-4质量份/小时。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述异氰酸酯为二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或多种混合。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种低成本环保织物粘合剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述聚醚多元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇、四氢呋喃-氧化丙烯共聚二醇中的一种或两种混合。
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