CN105818369A - 立体打印机喷头 - Google Patents

立体打印机喷头 Download PDF

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CN105818369A
CN105818369A CN201510001875.8A CN201510001875A CN105818369A CN 105818369 A CN105818369 A CN 105818369A CN 201510001875 A CN201510001875 A CN 201510001875A CN 105818369 A CN105818369 A CN 105818369A
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printing machine
shower nozzle
dimensional printing
machine shower
air
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CN105818369B (zh
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李洋得
汤益钦
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Kinpo Electronics Inc
Cal Comp Electronics and Communications Co Ltd
XYZ Printing Inc
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Kinpo Electronics Inc
Cal Comp Electronics and Communications Co Ltd
XYZ Printing Inc
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Priority to CN201510001875.8A priority Critical patent/CN105818369B/zh
Priority to US14/619,811 priority patent/US9738030B2/en
Priority to EP15155504.2A priority patent/EP3040184B1/en
Priority to ES15155504T priority patent/ES2711415T3/es
Priority to KR1020150184891A priority patent/KR20160084296A/ko
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B29C59/026—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing of layered or coated substantially flat surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/364—Conditioning of environment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/02—Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/266—Means for allowing relative movements between the apparatus parts, e.g. for twisting the extruded article or for moving the die along a surface to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/865—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种立体打印机喷头，其包含一外壳、一融料模块以及一散热模块。融料模块设置在外壳内，其包含呈二端开放的入料管。入料管的一端具有用以接收料丝的入料口，其另一端则设有一出料喷嘴，且入料管的外侧形成有多个鳍片。出料喷嘴设有一加热器藉以加热对其加热而熔融所述料丝。散热模块包含设置在外壳内的风扇，风扇具有一进气侧以及相对于进气侧的出风侧，且出风侧朝向融料模块配置。散热模块直接对鳍片进行空气冷却而能够缩减立体打印机喷头的体积。

Description

立体打印机喷头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种立体打印机喷头，特别涉及一种整合散热模块的可组卸式立体打印机喷头。
背景技术
FDM(FusedDepositionModeling)又称FFM(FusedFilamentFabrication)，其为现今常见诸多立体打印方式的其中一种。FDM打印首先将使用的材料加热到一定的温度后，形成半熔融状态，将材料挤出在平面的架子上后迅速回复成固态。如此反复进行堆叠作业，即可打印出立体物件。现有的FDM一般包含一进料管，进料管的一端用于输入线状的材料，进料管的另一端则设有一喷嘴，且喷嘴被加热。材料通过进料管输送至喷嘴即被喷嘴熔融，而后通过喷嘴挤出。
若喷嘴所带热能传导至进料管可能导致进料管入的材料熔融而阻塞进料管，因此一般会设有一风扇对进料管吹风散热，此结构的缺在于进料管散热面积小，故热交换效率不佳，而且气流会同时流经喷嘴而使喷嘴降温，可能致使喷嘴内的熔融材料固化而阻塞喷嘴。
另一种改进的进料管散热结构在进料管上设一导热块，并且将导热块与一鳍片组以热管连接。将进料管的热能通过热管传导至鳍片组后再以风扇对鳍片组进行强制对流散热。此结构的缺点在于体积过于庞大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种整合散热模块的可组卸式立体打印机喷头。
本发明提供一种立体打印机喷头，其包含一外壳、一融料模块以及一散热模块。融料模块设置在外壳内，其包含呈二端开放的入料管。入料管的一端具有用以接收料丝的入料口，其另一端则设有一出料喷嘴，且入料管的外侧形成有多个鳍片。出料喷嘴设有一加热器藉以加热对其加热而熔融所述料丝。散热模块包含设置在外壳内的风扇，风扇具有一进气侧以及相对于进气侧的出风侧，且出风侧朝向融料模块配置。
较佳地，散热模块包含一导风罩，导风罩罩设于风扇的出风侧，导风罩形成一出风口且出风口朝向该些鳍片配置。出风口的范围对应该些鳍片所占的空间。外壳开设有一进气口，且进气口对应风扇的进气侧配置。外壳开设有一排气口，且该些鳍片介于排气口以及风扇的出风侧之间。
较佳地，入料管与出料喷嘴相互组合。加热器嵌入出料喷嘴。外壳对应入料口设有一管接头。外壳外侧凸设有一卡勾，卡勾用以勾接一载具，所述载具设置在一移动平台且能够在所述移动平台上移动。
本发明的立体打印机其入料管直接形成鳍片，因此可以藉由散热模块直接对鳍片进行空气冷却，故能够缩减立体打印机喷头的体积。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述，但不作为对本发明的限定。
附图说明
图1本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的立体分解示意图：
图2本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的局部立体分解示意图：
图3本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的立体透视图：
图4本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的一使用状态示意图：
图5本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的立体透视图：
图6本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头的另一使用状态示意图：
图7本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头使用状态的一剖视图：
图8本发明较佳实施例的立体打印机喷头使用状态的另一剖视图。
其中，附图标记
10载具
20料丝
100外壳
101进气口
102排气口
110管接头
120卡勾
200融料模块
210入料管
211入料口
212鳍片
220出料喷嘴
230加热器
300散热模块
310风扇
311进气侧
312出风侧
320导风罩
321出风口
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的结构原理和工作原理作具体的描述：
参阅图1至图4，本发明的较佳实施例提供一种立体打印机喷头，其包含一外壳100、一融料模块200以及一散热模块300。
于本实施例中，外壳100为一个多件组装式的壳体，外壳100可以全部为塑胶件组装构成，其也可以是塑胶件及金属件混合组装构成。外壳100开设有一进气口101，外壳100开设有一排气口102，外壳100设有一管接头110，外壳100外侧凸设有一对卡勾120。
融料模块200设置在外壳100内，融料模块200包含一入料管210，入料管210较佳地为金属制的二端开放管体。入料管210的一端具有对应管接头110配置的一入料口211，入料管210的另一端则设置有一出料喷嘴220，且入料管210的外侧形成有多个鳍片212。于本实施例中，入料管210与出料喷嘴220为不同的金属材质所制成，且入料管210与出料喷嘴220相互组合连接。较佳地出料喷嘴220的比热高于入料管210的比热，而且出料喷嘴220以热传导性较低的金属制成，而入料管210则以热传导性较佳的金属制成。出料喷嘴220设有一加热器230，于本实施例中，加热器230为柱状金属条，其横向嵌入出料喷嘴220藉以加热出料喷嘴220(加热器230未穿入出料喷嘴220的内部空间)。
参阅图1至图2及图5，散热模块300包含设置在外壳100内的一风扇310以及一导风罩320。风扇310具有一进气侧311以及相对于进气侧311的出风侧312,且出风侧312朝向融料模块200配置。外壳100的进气口101对应风扇310的进气侧311配置，该些鳍片212介于排气口102以及风扇310的出风侧312之间。导风罩320罩设于风扇310的出风侧312，导风罩320形成一出风口321，出风口321朝向料模块的鳍片212，而且出风口321的范围对应鳍片212所占的空间。
参阅图4、图6及图7，本发明的立体打印机喷头设置在一载具10上，载具10设置在一移动平台且能够在所述移动平台上移动，外壳100外侧的卡勾120勾接于载具10藉此能够使载具10带动立体打印机喷头在所述移动平台上水平移动。本发明的立体打印机喷头以接管透过管接头110而连接至一供料模块，且供料模块输出料丝20至立体打印机喷头的入料管210，料丝20通过入料口211输入入料管210。
参阅图7及图8，加热器230加热出料喷嘴220，当料丝20进入出料喷嘴220内时即被出料喷嘴220熔融为液态并且通过出料喷嘴220挤出。
本发明的立体打印机喷头整合了融料模块200及散热模块300，融料模块200的入料管210直接形成鳍片212，因此可以藉由散热模块300直接对鳍片212进行空气冷却，故能够缩减立体打印机喷头的体积。再者，本发明藉由散热模块300控制入料管210与出料喷嘴220的温度，因此能够适用熔点较低的料丝20，例如聚乳酸(PolylacticAcid/Polylactide，PLA)的熔点约为60度。散热模块300藉由其导风罩320导引气流只流经鳍片212而不经过出料喷嘴220，因此能使出料喷嘴220保持高温以熔融料丝20，同时避免加热器230提供的热源回冲至入料管210，故能够避免入料管210过热藉以确保料丝20不会熔融在入料管210内将入料管210阻塞。又，入料管210与出料喷嘴220采用不同的材质制成后再组装，因此不仅能够有效控制入料管210与出料喷嘴220的温度，而能降低二者之间的热传导。
综上所述，本发明的立体打印机喷头体积小巧易于更换，并且进料顺畅不易阻塞。
当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员当可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，包含：
一外壳；
一融料模块，设置在该外壳内，该融料模块包含呈二端开放的一入料管，该入料管的一端具有用以接收一料丝的一入料口，该入料管的另一端设有一出料喷嘴，且该入料管的外侧形成有多个鳍片，该出料喷嘴设有一加热器藉以加热出料喷嘴而熔融所述料丝；
一散热模块，包含设置在该外壳内的一风扇，该风扇具有一进气侧以及相对于该进气侧的一出风侧，且该出风侧朝向该融料模块配置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该散热模块包含一导风罩，该导风罩罩设于该风扇的该出风侧，该导风罩形成一出风口且该出风口朝向该些鳍片配置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该出风口的范围对应该些鳍片所占的空间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该外壳开设有一进气口，且该进气口对应该风扇的该进气侧配置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该外壳开设有一排气口，且该些鳍片介于该排气口以及该风扇的该出风侧之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该进料检测模块电性连接至一供料模块，且所述供料模块输出所述料丝至该入料管。
7.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该入料管与该出料喷嘴相互组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该加热器嵌入该出料喷嘴。
9.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该外壳对应该入料口设有一管接头。
10.根据权利要求1所述的立体打印机喷头，其特征在于，该外壳外侧凸设有一卡勾，该卡勾用以勾接一载具，所述载具设置在一移动平台且能够在所述移动平台上移动。
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