CN110154392A - 立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置 - Google Patents

立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110154392A
CN110154392A CN201810143832.7A CN201810143832A CN110154392A CN 110154392 A CN110154392 A CN 110154392A CN 201810143832 A CN201810143832 A CN 201810143832A CN 110154392 A CN110154392 A CN 110154392A
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head body
heat
material feeding
solid
feeding region
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谢启文
吴宗轩
李洋得
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Kinpo Electronics Inc
XYZ Printing Inc
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Kinpo Electronics Inc
XYZ Printing Inc
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Priority to CN201810143832.7A priority Critical patent/CN110154392A/zh
Priority to US15/968,748 priority patent/US20190248070A1/en
Priority to EP18183120.7A priority patent/EP3524405A1/en
Priority to JP2018194204A priority patent/JP2019137038A/ja
Publication of CN110154392A publication Critical patent/CN110154392A/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/02Small extruding apparatus, e.g. handheld, toy or laboratory extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/266Means for allowing relative movements between the apparatus parts, e.g. for twisting the extruded article or for moving the die along a surface to be coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/287Raw material pre-treatment while feeding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/793Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/793Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
    • B29C48/797Cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/865Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/86Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the nozzle zone
    • B29C48/87Cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205Means for applying layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209Heads; Nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227Driving means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295Heating elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321Feeding
    • B29C64/329Feeding using hoppers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/06Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
    • B29B13/065Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/397Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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Abstract

本发明提供一种立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置,立体列印喷头包括喷头本体、驱动单元、第一加热单元以及第一散热单元。喷头本体具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从入料区进入喷头本体内。驱动单元设置于喷头本体,用以推动在喷头本体内的颗粒成型材从入料区往出料区移动。第一加热单元设置于喷头本体,用以对喷头本体内的颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过驱动单元将熔融成型材从出料区挤出喷头本体。第一散热单元设置于喷头本体且位于第一加热单元与入料区之间,以减少从第一加热单元传向入料区的热量。

Description

立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置。
背景技术
随着电脑辅助制造(Computer-Aided Manufacturing,CAM)的进步,制造业发展了快速雏型方法(Rapid Prototyping,RP),能很迅速的将设计原始构想制造出来。快速雏型技术能无限制几何形状,而且越复杂的零件越显示其技术的卓越性,还可大大地节省人力与加工时间,在时间最短的要求下,将3D CAD上的设计零件,真实地呈现出来,不但摸得到,也可真实地感受得到它的几何曲线,还可以试验零件的装配性、甚至进行可能的功能试验。
这些快速成型法有很多种,如熔合沉积模型(Fused Deposition Modeling,FDM),层化物品制造(Laminated Object Manufacturing,LOM)等。然而,目前利用上述快速成型法形成立体物体的立体列印装置仅具有一个列印头,因此成型材需在所述列印头历经加热、驱动与挤出等动作,方能顺利地将熔融成型材挤出列印于平台上。此举即代表立体物件的制作时间受限于上述动作而不易提高成型效率。
再者,若针对线卷式立体列印装置而言,其成型材是固定外径的线材,因此当欲进行大量列印时(例如较大体积的立体物件),由上述可知将花费更长的制作时间。同时,线材也受限于材料特性而非所有材料皆能顺利地形成为线材并使其外径符合立体列印所需。
基于上述,如何针对上述提供改善措施,实为相关技术人员所需考虑解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明是针对一种立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置,其通过颗粒式立体列印喷头而提高立体列印的制程效率。
根据本发明的实施例,立体列印喷头包括喷头本体、驱动单元、第一加热单元以及第一散热单元。喷头本体具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从入料区进入喷头本体内。驱动单元设置于喷头本体,用以推动在喷头本体内的颗粒成型材从入料区往出料区移动。第一加热单元设置于喷头本体,用以对喷头本体内的颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过驱动单元将熔融成型材从出料区挤出喷头本体。
根据本发明的实施例,立体列印喷头组件包括喷头本体、驱动单元、第一加热单元、第一散热单元以及注料桶。喷头本体具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从入料区进入喷头本体内。驱动单元设置于喷头本体,用以推动在喷头本体内的颗粒成型材从入料区往出料区移动。第一加热单元设置于喷头本体,用以对喷头本体内的颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过驱动单元将熔融成型材从出料区挤出喷头本体。注料桶连接喷头本体以将颗粒成型材导入入料区。
根据本发明的实施例,立体列印装置包括控制模块与立体列印喷头。喷头本体具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从入料区进入喷头本体内。驱动单元设置于喷头本体且电性连接控制模块,驱动单元受控于控制模块,以推动在喷头本体内的颗粒成型材从入料区往出料区移动。第一加热单元设置于喷头本体且电性连接控制模块,第一加热单元受控于控制模块,以对喷头本体内的颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,且驱动单元受控于控制模块而将熔融成型材从出料区挤出喷头本体。第一散热单元设置于喷头本体、位于第一加热单元与入料区之间且电性连接控制模块,第一散热单元受控于控制模块,以减少从第一加热单元传向入料区的热量。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图;
图2是图1的立体列印装置的电性连接示意图;
图3是图1的立体列印装置的部分构件的爆炸图;
图4是图3的构件剖面图;
图5是图1的立体列印装置的部分构件的爆炸图;
图6是图5的构件的简单示意图;
图7是本发明另一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图;
图8是本发明又一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图。
附图标记说明
100:立体列印装置;
110:立体列印喷头;
111:喷头本体;
111a、111b、111c:部件;
112:驱动单元;
112a:螺杆;
112b:驱动轮;
112c:动力源;
113:第一加热单元;
114:第一散热单元;
114a:散热鳍片;
114b:风扇;
115:外壳;
116:支架;
116a:容置空间;
120:注料桶;
121:桶体;
122:罩体;
123:流道;
124:第二加热单元;
125:第二散热单元;
130:移动模块;
140:控制模块;
150:平台;
160:支架;
170:管路;
200:立体物件;
AS1:立体列印喷头组件;
E1:入口;
E2:出口;
S1:第一段;
S2:第二段;
S3:第三段;
S4:第四段;
SP:内部空间;
ψ1、ψ2:外径。
具体实施方式
现将详细地参考本发明的示范性实施例,示范性实施例的实例说明于附图中。只要有可能,相同元件符号在附图和描述中用来表示相同或相似部分。
图1是本发明一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图。图2是图1的立体列印装置的电性连接示意图。请同时参考图1与图2,在本实施例中,立体列印装置100包括立体列印喷头110、注料桶120、移动模块130、控制模块140以及平台150,其中立体列印喷头110组装于移动模块130上,而注料桶120组装于立体列印喷头110而形成立体列印喷头组件AS1,且移动模块130电性连接控制模块140,因此,控制模块140得以通过移动模块130而驱动立体列印喷头110及其上的注料桶120而在平台150上移动,同时立体列印喷头110与注料桶120分别电性连接控制模块140,故能据以在平台150上列印出立体物件200。
在此,移动模块130例如是三轴式(X-Y-Z)移动模块或龙门架,用以驱动立体列印喷头110在平台150上方移动。
图3是图1的立体列印装置的部分构件的爆炸图。请同时参考图1至图3,在本实施例中,立体列印喷头110包括喷头本体111、驱动单元112、第一加热单元113、第一散热单元114、外壳115以及支架116。喷头本体111包括部件111a、111b与111c,其中部件111a具有入口E1,用以接收颗粒成型材而可被视为喷头本体111的入料区,部件111b连接在部件111a与111c之间,部件111c具有出口E2,用以将熔融成型材挤出喷头本体111而可以被视为出料区。
驱动单元112设置于喷头本体111且驱动单元112包括彼此连接的螺杆112a、驱动轮112b与动力源112c,其中动力源112c电性连接控制模块140以受控于控制模块140而得以通过驱动轮112b带动螺杆112a在喷头本体111内部转动,并用以推动在喷头本体111内的颗粒成型材从入料区(部件111a)往出料区(部件111c)移动。
第一加热单元113设置于喷头本体111且电性连接而受控于控制模块140,用以对喷头本体111内的颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过驱动单元112将熔融成型材从出料区通过出口E2挤出喷头本体111。第一散热单元114设置于喷头本体111、位于第一加热单元113与入料区(部件111a)之间且电性连接控制模块140,第一散热单元114受控于控制模块140,而用以减少从第一加热单元113传向入料区(部件111a)的热量。
图4是图3的构件剖面图。请同时参考图3与图4,详细来说,本实施例的立体列印喷头110为颗粒式立体列印喷头,在此进一步地将螺杆112a依序区分为第一段S1、第三段S3、第四段S4以及第二段S2,其中部件111a对应于第一段S1,也即经由入口E1进入部件111a的颗粒成型材,即能受到部件111a的导引而汇集入螺杆112a与部件111b之间的腔室空间,并随着螺杆112a的带动而持续往出口E2处移动。此时,行经第四段S4的颗粒成型材将会对应地受到第一加热单元113所提供的热量而开始熔融,并随着螺杆112a的带动挤压,而得以从部件111c(出料区)处通过出口E2而被挤出喷头本体111。
在本实施例中,所述螺杆112a的径长比介于8至12之间。在此所述径长比即是螺杆的底径(螺杆外径但不包括螺旋部分)与长度(即第一段S1直到第二段S2的长度)的比例关系,也就是本实施例的螺杆的长度是其底径的8倍至12倍之间,以此让颗粒成型材能入料、加热熔融、混炼以及挤出的行动过程中具备较小的行程。再者,螺杆112a在第二段S2处的外径ψ2实质上大于第一段S1处的外径ψ1,此是由于随着成型材从颗粒状受热成为熔融状,因此第二段S2处的螺杆112a必须提供较大的压力方能顺利地将熔融成型材从出口E2挤出,因此在部件111a、111b的内径(内部腔室体积)维持固定的情形下,第二段S2处的腔室空间需减少(即螺杆112a的外径需依据图4由上而下的方向逐渐增加)以达到所需的压缩量。
另外,螺杆112a的第三段S3是对应于第一散热单元114,且第三段S3是位于第四段S4(对应第一加热单元113)与第一段S1(入料区)之间,此是为让从第一加热单元113传向入料区(部件111a)的热量得以减少,而使第一段S1、第三段S3处的成型材仍能维持颗粒状,避免从第一段S1至第二段S2的成型材皆处于熔融状而使螺杆112a在喷头本体111内产生空转的情形。
在此,第一散热单元114包括散热鳍片114a,其被部件111b穿设而位于第一加热单元113与部件111a之间。再者,本实施例的第一散热单元114还包括风扇114b,其设置于外壳115并对应于前述的散热鳍片114a以对其提供散热效果。
需再提及的是,本实施例的喷头本体111具有快拆功能,请同时参考图1与图3,本实施例的喷头本体111通过部件111a与支架116之间的结构搭配,而让部件111a得以嵌入支架116的容置空间116a中,而后再以外壳115组装于支架116而将喷头本体111、驱动单元112、第一加热单元113与第一散热单元114(的散热鳍片114a)包覆其内,而提供保护效果。
图5是图1的立体列印装置的部分构件的爆炸图。图6是图5的构件的简单示意图。请同时参考图1与图2、图5与图6,在本实施例中,注料桶120包括桶体121、流道123、第二加热单元124、第二散热单元125、罩体122,其中罩体122覆盖于桶体121上而将流道123、第二加热单元124与第二散热单元125容置于内部空间SP。桶体121连接喷头本体111的入料区(部件111a),颗粒成型材适于放置于桶体121之内。第二加热单元124设置于桶体121内且电性连接控制模块140,以对内部空间SP的颗粒成型材加热而达到预热温度。第二散热单元125,例如是风扇,设置于桶体121内以维持颗粒成型材于所述预热温度。换句话说,放置在内部空间SP的颗粒成型材能通过第二加热单元124对其先行预热,而有利于缩短后续进入喷头本体111时所需让其加热至熔融状态的时间,也能减少第一加热单元113所需的电力。同时,搭配以第二散热单元125与流道123,内部空间SP的湿气也能以第二加热单元124进行加热后再经由流道123而被第二散热单元125所抽出(如图6箭号所示),且经由桶体121的缺口121a处散逸至注料桶120之外,故也能对颗粒成型材提供干燥的放置环境,避免水气附于颗粒成型材的表面而影响后续的立体列印制程。也就是说,注料桶120通过上述构件而提供颗粒成型材进行干燥、预热的效果。
图7是本发明另一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图。请参考图7,与前述实施例不同的是,本实施例的立体列印喷头110与注料桶120是处于各自独立的配置方式,如图7所示,立体列印喷头110仍是配置于移动模块130上而受控于控制模块140并得以在平台150上移动,但注料桶120则是配置在固定的支架160上,且通过管路170连接在立体列印喷头110与注料桶120之间而达到所需的供料动作。因此,使用者可依据立体列印所需而各自更换立体列印喷头110与注料桶120而不会相互影响。
图8是本发明又一实施例的立体列印装置的示意图。请参考图8,与前述实施例不同的是,本实施例是以单一立体列印喷头110而对应多个注料桶120A、120B与120C。也就是说,本实施例的多个注料桶120A、120B与120C是可拆卸地配置于支架160上,而控制模块140依据列印需求而通过移动模块130将立体列印喷头110移至所需的注料桶120A、120B或120C并与其组装在一起,而后即形成如图1所示状态,待其需要更换不同注料桶120A、120B或120C时,则再将原注料桶置回并改组装另一注料桶。
此外,依据上述图7与图8所示,使用者也可以图7所示管路170连接在图8的立体列印喷头110与注料桶120A、120B与120C的其中之一,待需更换时,即对管路170进行拆装而更换至另一注料桶。如图8所示实施例,使用者通过在特定区域放置多个注料桶,而得以提高立体列印喷头的应用范畴。
综上所述,在本发明的上述实施例中,立体列印喷头通过采用颗粒式成型材作为原料,而搭配以驱动单元、加热单元与散热单元,因而能顺利地让成型材被驱动单元所带动,且在其移动过程中受加热单元的热量而转换至熔融状态,并得以被驱动单元将熔融成型材挤出喷头本体,而完成立体列印的动作。此举使立体列印喷头不再受限于原料的外形,且因此而能有效地提高出料量,进而增加立体列印的制程效率。
再者,立体列印喷头还能搭配以注料桶而组件化,以让颗粒成型材能先行置于注料桶并达到所需的供料需求。同时,注料桶设置有加热单元与散热单元,而能使其内的颗粒成型材保持所需的干燥状态且先行达到所需的预热温度,进而有效减少在立体列印喷头内需再行加热的时间。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (23)

1.一种立体列印喷头,其特征在于,包括:
喷头本体,具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从所述入料区进入所述喷头本体内;
驱动单元,设置于所述喷头本体,用以推动在所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材从所述入料区往所述出料区移动;
第一加热单元,设置于所述喷头本体,用以对所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过所述驱动单元将熔融成型材从所述出料区挤出所述喷头本体;以及
第一散热单元,设置于所述喷头本体且位于所述第一加热单元与所述入料区之间,以减少从所述第一加热单元传向所述入料区的热量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的立体列印喷头,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的第一段位于所述入料区,所述螺杆的第二段位于所述出料区,且所述第二段的外径大于所述第一段的外径。
3.根据权利要求2所述的立体列印喷头,其特征在于,所述螺杆依序区分为所述第一段、第三段、第四段与所述第二段,其中所述第三段对应于所述第一散热单元,所述第四段对应于所述第一加热单元。
4.根据权利要求1所述的立体列印喷头,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的径长比介于8至12之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的立体列印喷头,其特征在于,所述第一散热单元是散热鳍片。
6.根据权利要求5所述的立体列印喷头,其特征在于,还包括外壳,包覆所述喷头本体,而所述第一散热单元还包括风扇,设置于所述外壳且对应所述散热鳍片。
7.一种立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,包括:
喷头本体,具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从所述入料区进入所述喷头本体内;
驱动单元,设置于所述喷头本体,用以推动在所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材从所述入料区往所述出料区移动;
第一加热单元,设置于所述喷头本体,用以对所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,并通过所述驱动单元将熔融成型材从所述出料区挤出所述喷头本体;
第一散热单元,设置于所述喷头本体且位于所述第一加热单元与所述入料区之间,以减少从所述第一加热单元传向所述入料区的热量;以及
注料桶,连接所述喷头本体以将所述颗粒成型材导入所述入料区。
8.根据权利要求7所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的第一段位于所述入料区,所述螺杆的第二段位于所述出料区,且所述第二段的外径大于所述第一段的外径。
9.根据权利要求8所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,所述螺杆依序区分为所述第一段、第三段、第四段与所述第二段,其中所述第三段对应于所述第一散热单元,所述第四段对应于所述第一加热单元。
10.根据权利要求7所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的径长比介于8至12之间。
11.根据权利要求7所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,所述第一散热单元是散热鳍片。
12.根据权利要求11所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,还包括外壳,包覆所述喷头本体,而所述第一散热单元还包括风扇,设置于所述外壳且对应所述散热鳍片。
13.根据权利要求7所述的立体列印喷头组件,其特征在于,所述注料桶包括:
桶体,连接所述喷头本体的所述入料区,所述颗粒成型材适于放置于所述桶体内;
第二加热单元,设置于所述桶体内以对所述颗粒成型材加热而达到预热温度;以及
第二散热单元,设置于所述桶体内以维持所述颗粒成型材于所述预热温度。
14.一种立体列印装置,其特征在于,包括:
控制模块;
立体列印喷头,包括:
喷头本体,具有入料区与出料区,颗粒成型材适于从所述入料区进入所述喷头本体内;
驱动单元,设置于所述喷头本体且电性连接所述控制模块,所述驱动单元受控于所述控制模块,以推动在所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材从所述入料区往所述出料区移动;
第一加热单元,设置于所述喷头本体且电性连接所述控制模块,所述第一加热单元受控于所述控制模块,以对所述喷头本体内的所述颗粒成型材加热而使其熔融,且所述驱动单元受控于所述控制模块而将熔融成型材从所述出料区挤出所述喷头本体;以及
第一散热单元,设置于所述喷头本体、位于所述第一加热单元与所述入料区之间且电性连接所述控制模块,所述第一散热单元受控于所述控制模块,以减少从所述第一加热单元传向所述入料区的热量。
15.根据权利要求14所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的第一段位于所述入料区,所述螺杆的第二段位于所述出料区,且所述第二段的外径大于所述第一段的外径。
16.根据权利要求15所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述螺杆依序区分为所述第一段、第三段、第四段与所述第二段,其中所述第三段对应于所述第一散热单元,所述第四段对应于所述第一加热单元。
17.根据权利要求14所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述驱动单元包括螺杆,可旋转地设置于所述喷头本体之内,所述螺杆的径长比介于8至12之间。
18.根据权利要求14所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述第一散热单元是散热鳍片。
19.根据权利要求18所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,还包括外壳,包覆所述喷头本体,而所述第一散热单元还包括风扇,设置于所述外壳、对应所述散热鳍片且电性连接所述控制模块。
20.根据权利要求14所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,还包括:
注料桶,连接所述喷头本体以将所述颗粒成型材导入所述入料区。
21.根据权利要求20所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述注料桶包括:
桶体,连接所述喷头本体的所述入料区,所述颗粒成型材适于放置于所述桶体内;
第二加热单元,设置于所述桶体内且电性连接所述控制模块,以对所述颗粒成型材加热而达到预热温度;以及
第二散热单元,设置于所述桶体内且电性连接所述控制模块,以维持所述颗粒成型材于所述预热温度。
22.根据权利要求14所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,还包括:
移动模块,电性连接所述控制模块,所述立体列印喷头组装于所述移动模块,所述控制模块通过所述移动模块而驱动所述立体列印喷头。
23.根据权利要求22所述的立体列印装置,其特征在于,所述立体列印喷头还包括支架,设置于所述移动模块,所述喷头本体可拆卸地组装于所述支架。
CN201810143832.7A 2018-02-12 2018-02-12 立体列印喷头、立体列印喷头组件与立体列印装置 Pending CN110154392A (zh)

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CN112590206A (zh) * 2020-10-28 2021-04-02 西安工业大学 一种喷射头能振动的3d打印装置
KR102432202B1 (ko) * 2021-01-15 2022-08-12 김주용 3d 프린터용 압출기
JP2022144848A (ja) 2021-03-19 2022-10-03 株式会社荏原製作所 Am装置

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