CN105770766A - 一种治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105770766A CN105770766A CN201610274656.1A CN201610274656A CN105770766A CN 105770766 A CN105770766 A CN 105770766A CN 201610274656 A CN201610274656 A CN 201610274656A CN 105770766 A CN105770766 A CN 105770766A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂,属于中药技术领域。该中药制剂以黄芪、地榆、白术、地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、海螵蛸、仙鹤草、郁金、白及、党参、牛膝、栀子、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归、阿胶、川黄连、甘草为原料制得。这些中药材通过本发明制备方法制成的成品制剂,在治疗上消化道出血领域,具有疗效好、治愈率高、毒副作用极小、调理与治疗相结合、患者愈后恢复好、不易复发等显著的技术优势;另外,该制剂还具有药效稳定,患者之间差异小,工艺简便易行、投入少,适合推广应用等明显的技术优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,涉及一种治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂。
背景技术
上消化道出血是指屈氏韧带以上的消化道,包括食管、胃、十二指肠或胰胆等病变引起的出血,胃空肠吻合术后的空肠病变出血亦属这一范围。大量出血是指在数小时内失血量超出1000ml或循环血容量的20%,其临床主要表现为呕血和(或)黑粪,往往伴有血容量减少引起的急性周围循环衰竭,是常见的急症,病死率高达8%-13.7%。上消化道大量出血的病因很多,常见者有消化性溃疡、急性胃黏膜损害、食管胃底静脉曲张和胃癌。西医多采用输血、局部止血、手术等治疗手段,疗效差,患者痛苦大,医药费昂贵。
中医认为上消化道出血属于“呕血”、“便血”范畴。本病来势凶猛,病情急重,随时可出现亡阴、亡阳之“脱证”,危及生命。本病主要与饮食不节、情志内伤和劳倦过度有关。胃热内盛,火伤胃络,或忧思恼怒,肝火横逆犯胃,灼伤胃络而吐血,损伤肠络而为便血。或禀赋不足,脾气虚弱,气不摄血,而发生本病。另外呕血、便血不止,气随血脱可致亡阴、亡阳之“脱证”。上消化道出血辨证分型如下:
1、肝火犯胃证:吐血鲜红或紫暗,口苦目赤,胸胁胀痛,心烦易怒。舌红苔黄,脉弦数。
治法:泄肝清胃,降逆止血。
2、脾不统血证:吐血暗淡,大便漆黑稀溏,面色苍白,头晕心悸,神疲乏力。舌淡红,苔薄白,脉细弱。
治法:益气健脾,养血止血。
3、气随血脱证:吐血量大,大便溏黑甚则紫暗,面色苍白,大汗淋漓,四肢厥冷,眩晕心悸,烦躁口干,神志恍惚,甚或昏迷。舌淡红,脉细数无力或脉微细。
治法:益气摄血,回阳固脱。
4、胃中积热证:吐血紫暗甚则鲜红,常混有食物残渣,大便黑如漆,口干喜冷饮,胃脘胀闷灼痛。舌红苔黄,脉滑数。
治法:清胃泻火,化瘀止血。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是发明一种中药制剂,使其对上消化道出血有较好的疗效;为了解决上述技术问题,发明人依靠自身扎实的中医药理论知识,结合多年的中医临床经验,反复实践验证,终于发明了一个中药组方和一套将其制成成品制剂的制备方法,由此获得的中药成品制剂对上消化道出血具有十分显著的疗效,该中药组方为(以重量份计):
黄芪11-32份、地榆13-38份、白术8-26份、地榆炭10-30份、侧柏炭8-28份、三七10-32份、海螵蛸12-37份、仙鹤草10-33份、郁金6-17份、白及11-31份、党参9-25份、牛膝7-19份、栀子9-27份、石斛7-22份、茅根7-19份、赤芍7-24份、丹皮7-23份、当归6-19份、阿胶4-11份、川黄连8-22份、甘草8-16份。
实践中优选出来的组方配比为(以重量份计):
黄芪21份、地榆25份、白术17份、地榆炭20份、侧柏炭18份、三七20份、海螵蛸24份、仙鹤草21份、郁金12份、白及21份、党参17份、牛膝13份、栀子18份、石斛14份、茅根13份、赤芍15份、丹皮14份、当归12份、阿胶7份、川黄连15份、甘草12份。
本发明中药制剂的制备方法为以下步骤:
(1)、按中药组方分别称取黄芪、地榆、白术、地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、海螵蛸、仙鹤草、郁金、白及、党参、牛膝、栀子、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归、阿胶、川黄连、甘草各味药材,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过70-200目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过70-200目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过70-200目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用5-17倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材5-16倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡3-24小时,回流煎煮1-6小时,过滤,再加入初始重量4-13倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮1-5小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成临床所需要的成品制剂,例如汤剂、颗粒剂、丸剂(含水丸、浓缩丸、蜜丸、蜡丸)、酒剂、散剂、胶剂、膏剂、酊剂、丹剂、气雾剂、片剂、胶囊剂(含软胶囊)、糖浆剂、冲剂、油剂、喷剂等剂型。
本发明中药制剂所用原料药材的来源、性味归经及功效特点:
黄芪:本品为豆科植物蒙古黄芪或膜荚黄芪的干燥根。味甘,性温;归肺、脾经;补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌。
地榆:本品为蔷薇科植物地榆或长叶地榆的干燥根。后者习称“绵地榆”。春季将发芽时或秋季植株枯萎后采挖,除去须根,洗净,干燥,或趁鲜切片,干燥。味苦、酸、涩,性微寒;凉血止血,解毒敛疮。用于便血,痔血,血痢,崩漏,水火烫伤,痈肿疮毒。
白术:本品为菊科植物白术的干燥根茎。味苦、甘,性温;归脾、胃经;健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎。
地榆炭:取净地榆片,照炒炭法炒至表面焦黑色、内部棕褐色。味苦、酸、涩,性微寒;凉血止血,解毒敛疮。用于便血,痔血,血痢,崩漏,水火烫伤,痈肿疮毒。
侧柏炭:取净侧柏叶,照炒炭法炒至表面焦褐色,内部焦黄色。味苦、涩,性寒;归肺、肝、脾经;凉血止血,生发乌发。用于吐血衄血,咯血,便血,崩漏下血,血热脱发,须发早白。
三七:本品为五加科植物三七的干燥根。味甘、微苦,性温;归肝、胃经;散瘀止血,消肿定痛。
海螵蛸:本品为乌贼科动物无针乌贼或金乌贼的干燥内壳。味咸、涩,性温;归脾、肾经;收敛止血,涩精止带,制酸,敛疮。
仙鹤草:本品为蔷薇科植物龙牙草的干燥地上部分。味苦、涩,性平;归心、肝经;收敛止血,截疟,止痢,解毒。
郁金:本品为姜科植物温郁金、姜黄、广西莪术或蓬莪术的干燥块根。味辛、苦,性寒;归肝、心、肺经;行气化瘀,清心解郁,利胆退黄。
白及:本品为兰科植物白及的干燥块茎。味苦、甘、涩,性微寒;归肺、肝、胃经;收敛止血,消肿生肌。
党参:本品为桔梗科植物党参、素花党参(西党参)或川党参的干燥根。味甘,性平;归脾、肺经;补中益气,健脾益肺。
牛膝:本品为苋科植物牛膝的干燥根。味苦、酸,性平;归肝、肾经;补肝肾,强筋骨,逐瘀通经,引血下行。
栀子:本品为茜草科植物栀子的干燥成熟果实。味苦,性寒;归心、肺、三焦经;果实:泻火除烦,清热利尿,凉血解毒。
石斛:兰科植物金钗石斛的茎。性寒,味甘、淡、微咸;滋阴清热,生津止渴。
茅根:本品为禾本科植物白茅的干燥根茎。味甘,性寒;归肺、胃、膀胱经;凉血止血,清热利尿。
赤芍:本品为毛茛科植物芍药或川赤芍的干燥根。味苦,性微寒;归肝经;清热凉血,散瘀止痛。
丹皮:本品为毛茛科植物牡丹的干燥根皮。味苦、辛,性微寒;归心、肝、肾经;清热凉血,活血化瘀。
当归:本品为伞形科植物当归的干燥根。味甘、辛,性温;归肝、心、脾经;补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。
阿胶:本品为马科动物驴的皮经煎煮、浓缩制成的固体胶。味甘,性平;归肺、肝、肾经;补血滋阴,润燥,止血。
川黄连:本品为毛茛科植物黄连、三角叶黄连或云连的干燥根茎。味苦,性寒;归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经;清热燥湿,泻火解毒。
甘草:本品为豆科植物甘草、胀果甘草或光果甘草的干燥根。味甘,性平;归心、肺、脾、胃经;补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
本发明中药组方的组方分析:
该中药组方是以地榆、海螵蛸、白及、黄芪、三七、仙鹤草为君药,凉血止血、消肿生肌、补气固表、消肿定痛、收敛止血;以地榆炭、侧柏炭、栀子、白术、赤芍为臣药,凉血止血、泻火除烦、健脾益气、散瘀止痛;以党参、丹皮、川黄连、牛膝、石斛为佐药,补中益气、活血化瘀、清热燥湿、逐瘀通经、滋阴清热;以郁金、茅根、当归、阿胶为佐药,行气化瘀、凉血止血、补血活血、润燥止血;以甘草调和诸药性质,使君臣佐使诸药配合,阴阳相佐、表里互辅,从而达到凉血止血、消肿生肌、补气固表、消肿定痛、收敛止血、健脾益气、散瘀止痛、活血化瘀、清热燥湿、逐瘀通经、补血活血、润燥止血等功能,对上消化道出血具有十分显著的治疗效果。
与现有技术相比,在治疗上消化道出血领域,本发明中药制剂具有以下技术优势:
1、疗效好、治愈率高、毒副作用极小;
2、调理与治疗相结合,患者愈后恢复好,不易复发;
3、制剂药效稳定,患者之间差异小;制剂工艺简便易行、投入少,适合推广应用。
具体实施方式
为了验证本发明所述的制备方法的可行性,并为后续的相关实验提供受试药品,发明人选取几组有代表性的组方比例进行冲剂的生产。
实施例1
(1)、按中药组方分别称黄芪3200g、地榆3800g、白术2600g、地榆炭3000g、侧柏炭2800g、三七3200g、海螵蛸3700g、仙鹤草3300g、郁金1700g、白及3100g、党参2500g、牛膝1900g、栀子2700g、石斛2200g、茅根1900g、赤芍2400g、丹皮2300g、当归1900g、阿胶1100g、川黄连2200g、甘草1600g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过160目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用12倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材13倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡6小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量8倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成冲剂,规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂。
实施例2
(1)、按中药组方分别称黄芪1100g、地榆1300g、白术800g、地榆炭1000g、侧柏炭800g、三七1000g、海螵蛸1200g、仙鹤草1000g、郁金600g、白及1100g、党参900g、牛膝700g、栀子900g、石斛700g、茅根700g、赤芍700g、丹皮700g、当归600g、阿胶400g、川黄连800g、甘草800g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过160目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用12倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材13倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡6小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量8倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成冲剂,规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂。
实施例3
(1)、按中药组方分别称黄芪1200g、地榆3700g、白术800g、地榆炭3000g、侧柏炭800g、三七3200g、海螵蛸1300g、仙鹤草1000g、郁金1700g、白及3100g、党参2500g、牛膝700g、栀子1000g、石斛2200g、茅根1900g、赤芍700g、丹皮2000g、当归1000g、阿胶400g、川黄连2200g、甘草800g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过160目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用12倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材13倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡6小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量8倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成冲剂,规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂。
实施例4
(1)、按中药组方分别称黄芪2100g、地榆2500g、白术1700g、地榆炭2000g、侧柏炭1800g、三七2000g、海螵蛸2400g、仙鹤草2100g、郁金1200g、白及2100g、党参1700g、牛膝1300g、栀子1800g、石斛1400g、茅根1300g、赤芍1500g、丹皮1400g、当归1200g、阿胶700g、川黄连1500g、甘草1200g,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过160目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过160目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用12倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材13倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡6小时,回流煎煮3小时,过滤,再加入初始重量8倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮2小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成冲剂,规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂。
为了验证本发明中药制剂的安全性,发明人用本发明实施例1-4所生产的冲剂进行了动物毒性试验。
1、急性毒性试验
(1)、受试药物:本发明实施例1-4所制造的冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂),加蒸馏水,调制成所需浓度的稀糊,备用。
(2)、试验动物:昆明种小鼠,体重19g±4g,雌雄各半,雌性小鼠均无孕。从北京大学实验动物中心购买。
(3)、小鼠灌胃本发明中药冲剂配制的稀糊,当灌胃剂量达到791.2g生药/kg剂量时,给药后小鼠出现轻微活动减少,1小时左右恢复正常,给药后连续观察7天,无一动物死亡,其全身状况、饮食、摄水、小便和体重增长均正常。
(4)、试验结果表明:小鼠灌胃实施例1-4所制造的冲剂的最大给药量为791.2g生药/kg/d(LD50>791.2g生药/kg)。本发明的中药制剂每日临床用药总量为0.46g生药/kg/d;按体重计,小鼠灌胃实施例1-4所制造的冲剂的耐受量为临床病人的1720倍。提示该药急性毒性极低,临床用药安全。
2、动物长期毒性试验
(1)、受试药物:本发明实施例1-4所得中药冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂),加蒸馏水,调制成所需浓度的稀糊,备用。
(2)、试验动物:普通级SD大鼠,体重228g±15g,雌雄各半,雌性大鼠均无孕。从北京大学实验动物中心购买。
(3)、方法与结果:
4种中药冲剂:均分为高、中、低三个剂量组,单位体重给药量分别为患者服用量的180、60、20倍;将实验鼠随机分成13组,其中12组分别灌胃4种三个剂量的冲剂稀糊,剩余一组灌胃生理盐水(患者服用量的20倍);所有13组均连续灌胃180天,观察动物全身毒性反应及严重程度,处死后按操作规程检查各部位,并进行血液学,ALT、BUN及心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃等主要脏器的病理学检查;
经过长期喂食,13组大鼠均未出现毒性反应。发育良好。肉眼外观及主要脏器未见异常。外周血象及血清ALT、BUN与对照组比较无病理性改变。病理报告心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃等均未有意义的改变,因此,认为经病理证实,4种中药冲剂对动物无慢性毒性表现。
通过以上两个毒性实验,证明本发明按实施例1-4制造的中药冲剂具有良好的安全性,可以被患者服用。
为了验证本发明中药制剂的有效性,发明人应用小鼠断尾止血和小鼠凝血实验,观察了本发明中药制剂的止血作用。
1、对小鼠出血时间的影响
取小鼠80只,雌雄各半,随机分组:空白对照组(给予蒸馏水);本发明实施例3所生产冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂)低、中、高剂量组(4.6g生药/kg,9.2g生药/kg,18.4g生药/kg,分别为人临床日用量的10倍、20倍、40倍);本发明实施例4(优选组方)所生产冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂)低、中、高剂量组(4.6g生药/kg,9.2g生药/kg,18.4g生药/kg,分别为人临床日用量的10倍、20倍、40倍),云南白药阳性对照组(3.0g/kg,人日用量的20倍)。每组灌胃给药,3次/d,连续给药7d,末次给药后1h,将小鼠置于特制的固定器中,于小鼠尾端1.5cm处剪断,开始计时,待血液自行流出,用滤纸吸血,吸时勿用力挤压断面,直至出血自然停止,记录出血时间。各组数据以()表示,多组比较采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用t检验,结果如表1所示。
表1对小鼠出血时间的影响(,n=10)
与空白对照组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001;与阳性对照组比较&P<0.05。
表1数据显示,与空白对照组相比,本发明中药制剂组和云南白药组均能不同程度的降低小鼠断尾出血时间;本发明中药制剂低剂量组比云南白药组略优,本发明中药制剂高、中剂量组显著优于云南白药组。
2、对小鼠凝血时间的影响
采用玻片法,取小鼠80只,雌雄各半,随机分组,空白对照组(给予蒸馏水);本发明实施例3所生产冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂)低、中、高剂量组(4.6g生药/kg,9.2g生药/kg,18.4g生药/kg,分别为人临床日用量的10倍、20倍、40倍);本发明实施例4(优选组方)所生产冲剂(规格为:0.613g生药/g冲剂)低、中、高剂量组(4.6g生药/kg,9.2g生药/kg,18.4g生药/kg,分别为人临床日用量的10倍、20倍、40倍),云南白药阳性对照组(3.0g/kg,人日用量的20倍)。每组灌胃给药,3次/d,连续给药7d,于末次给药后1h,将小鼠右眼摘除,弃去第1滴血,取2滴血于载玻片上,其中1滴每隔30s用针挑1次,直至出现血丝,另1滴供最后复检,记录凝血时间。各组数据以()表示,多组比较采用单因素方差分析,两两比较采用t检验,结果如表2所示。
表2对小鼠凝血时间的影响(,n=10)
表2实验数据显示,与空白对照组相比本发明中药制剂组和云南白药组均不同程度的缩短凝血时间,并且这种作用效果,本发明中药制剂低剂量组略优于云南白药,本发明高、中剂量组显著优于云南白药。
3、结论
通过以上两个试验,可以证明,本发明中药制剂对小鼠出血时间和凝血时间都有十分显著的缩短作用,提示本发明中药制剂会对上消化道出血有较好的治疗结果。
为了进一步验证本发明中药制剂对患者上消化道出血的具体效果,发明人又做了相关的临床试验。
本次临床试验共征集上消化道出血患者171例,年龄23-64岁,将所有患者随机分成三组,试验1组、试验2组和对照组,每组57例,三组患者的年龄、性别、症状、病程差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。对照组口服云南白药,每次0.3g,每日4次;试验1组口服本发明实施例3所生产的冲剂,每日3次,每次15g;试验2组口服本发明实施例4所生产的冲剂,每日3次,每次15g;一周为一个疗程,所有患者均连续治疗4个疗程;治疗全部结束以后,将试验结果统计如表3所示。
表3试验结果统计
表3试验结果显示,试验1组、试验2组的治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组,特别是试验2组的治愈率达到63.2%,比对照组高22.8个百分点,总有效率达到了100%;因此,与现有技术相比,本发明中药制剂具有十分显著的技术优势。
Claims (4)
1.一种治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的中药组方以重量份表示为:黄芪11-32份、地榆13-38份、白术8-26份、地榆炭10-30份、侧柏炭8-28份、三七10-32份、海螵蛸12-37份、仙鹤草10-33份、郁金6-17份、白及11-31份、党参9-25份、牛膝7-19份、栀子9-27份、石斛7-22份、茅根7-19份、赤芍7-24份、丹皮7-23份、当归6-19份、阿胶4-11份、川黄连8-22份、甘草8-16份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的中药组方以重量份表示为:黄芪21份、地榆25份、白术17份、地榆炭20份、侧柏炭18份、三七20份、海螵蛸24份、仙鹤草21份、郁金12份、白及21份、党参17份、牛膝13份、栀子18份、石斛14份、茅根13份、赤芍15份、丹皮14份、当归12份、阿胶7份、川黄连15份、甘草12份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂由以下方法制得:
(1)、按中药组方分别称取黄芪、地榆、白术、地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、海螵蛸、仙鹤草、郁金、白及、党参、牛膝、栀子、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归、阿胶、川黄连、甘草各味药材,分别粉碎,备用;
(2)、将海螵蛸煅制,粉碎研磨,过70-200目筛,得细粉,备用;
(3)、将地榆炭、侧柏炭、三七、白及烘干粉碎,研磨,过70-200目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(4)、将川黄连、栀子、甘草分别置锅内用文火炒至微黄色,取出放凉,烘干研磨,过70-200目筛,得混合细粉,备用;
(5)、将阿胶用5-17倍重量的蒸馏水烊化,备用;
(6)、将黄芪、地榆、白术、仙鹤草、郁金、党参、牛膝、石斛、茅根、赤芍、丹皮、当归,加入初始药材5-16倍重量的蒸馏水,浸泡3-24小时,回流煎煮1-6小时,过滤,再加入初始重量4-13倍重量的蒸馏水,回流煎煮1-5小时,过滤,合并滤液,浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.12-1.16的浓缩液备用;
(7)、将步骤(2)、(3)、(4)所得细粉与步骤(6)所得浓缩液混合,加入烊化的阿胶,混合均匀,继续浓缩至60℃相对密度为1.40-1.45的中药稠膏,备用;
(8)、将步骤(7)的中药稠膏添加合适的辅料,利用现代通用的中药制剂技术制成临床所需要的成品制剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗上消化道出血的中药制剂,其特征在于,所述中药制剂的剂型是汤剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、酒剂、散剂、胶剂、膏剂、酊剂、丹剂、气雾剂、片剂、胶囊剂、糖浆剂、冲剂、油剂或喷剂。
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