CN105753923A - 20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物、制备及其应用 - Google Patents
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物、制备及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105753923A CN105753923A CN201410785172.4A CN201410785172A CN105753923A CN 105753923 A CN105753923 A CN 105753923A CN 201410785172 A CN201410785172 A CN 201410785172A CN 105753923 A CN105753923 A CN 105753923A
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- Prior art keywords
- ginsenoside
- preparation
- acyl derivatives
- cancer
- anhydride
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- RWXIFXNRCLMQCD-CZIWJLDFSA-N (20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 Chemical class O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)[C@H]4[C@@]([C@@]3(CC[C@H]2C1(C)C)C)(C)CC[C@@H]4[C@](C)(O)CCC=C(C)C)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O RWXIFXNRCLMQCD-CZIWJLDFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07J—STEROIDS
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- C07J17/005—Glycosides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7028—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
- A61K31/7034—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
- A61K31/704—Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
本发明提供了如式(Ⅰ)所示的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物、制备方法及其抗肿瘤应用等:R=CH3(CH2)nCO n=0~5。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体而言,本发明涉及20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物及其制备方法,以及这一类衍生物在抗肿瘤方面的药理作用。
背景技术
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3是红参中分离提纯的四环三萜类人参二醇型皂苷单体,由日本学者北川勋于1980年首先从朝鲜红参中分离制备出,其分子式为C42H72O13,相对分子量为784.3。人参皂苷Rg3的功效包括增效解毒、改善气虚征候、提高机体免疫力等。另外,研究表明人参皂苷Rg3尚具有抑制肿瘤细胞的增值、浸润和转移等作用,能够诱导肝癌细胞、前列腺癌细胞、白血病细胞、宫颈癌细胞等发生凋亡。
但是20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3因为分子结构较大,20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3既不溶于水等大极性溶剂,也不溶于石油醚、氯仿等小极性或非极性溶剂;易溶于吡啶、热稀乙醇水溶液(50%~70%)pH<2的强酸水溶液和pH>10的强碱水溶液,属于生物药剂学分类系统(BiopharmaceuticsClassificationSystem,BCS)中的第4类药物,其溶解性和跨膜通透性均很小,生物利用度低,从而制约了20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3药理作用的发挥。近年来,国内外多个研究机构对天然产物的多酰化进行了深入研究,例如中科院昆明植物研究所刘吉开课题组利用固体酸催化合成了岩白菜素五乙酰化物,(专利申请号200510010970.0),与原料岩白菜素相比,动物实验表明具有明显的药效增强作用,能有效克服岩白菜素的镇咳平喘作用不强及口服吸收差的缺点;广西医科大学邓家刚课题组利用硫酸催化合成了芒果苷五乙酰化物,芒果苷七丙酰化物,芒果苷六丁酰化物,三个衍生物的药理实验表明只需相当于芒果苷1/4的摩尔剂量,即可产生与芒果苷相似的药理作用,说明酰化衍生物抗炎作用的效价强于芒果苷(ChineseJournalofExperimentalTraditionalMedicalFormulaeVol18,No24,page185-189);香港理工大学TakHangChan课题组对没食子儿茶素没食子酸进行了多酰化修饰,合成了没食子儿茶素没食子酸八乙酸酯,药理实验表明衍生物稳定性增加,癌细胞抑制率显著提高(Bioorg&MedicinalChemistry12(2004)5587-5593)。综上,通过酯化修饰后,药物酯脂溶性增加,表观油/水分配系数会变大,药物的跨膜通透性随之增大,从而提高了药物的跨膜吸收,提高了药物的生物利用度,最终提高了药效。而20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3尚没有这反面的研究,因此我们利用碱催化设计并合成了20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物,并进行了药理实验的研究。
发明内容
本发明的要解决的技术问题是采用化学合成方法制备20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物。本发明提供一种合成的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物,它以20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3为先导化合物,利用酰化反应。封闭母体的羟基,使其亲脂性增强,由于改变了油水分离系数,有利于肠道吸收,因而提高疗效。另外,本发明还提供了制备20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物的方法,反应条件温和,适合工业化放大生产。
首先,本发明提供了如式(Ⅰ)所示的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物,
其中,R=CH3(CH2)nCOn=0~5。
优选为R=CH3(CH2)nCOn=2~4。
其次,本发明提供了药物组合物,其包括本发明20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物,以及药学上可接受的辅料。
在本文中,药学上可接受的辅料指无毒固态、半固态或液态填充剂、稀释剂、载体、pH调节剂、离子强度调节剂、缓释或控释剂、包裹材料或其他制剂辅料。所用载体可与相应的给药形式相适应,可使用本领域技术人员所知晓的辅料配成注射剂、(注射用)冻干粉、喷雾剂、口服溶液、口服混悬液、片剂、胶囊、肠溶片、丸剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、持续释放或延迟释释放等制剂。优选本发明第一方面的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物通过注射或经消化道方式给药,因此,本发明的药物组合物优选为注射剂或经消化道给药的制剂,即适于配制成注射和经消化道方式给药的辅料特别优选的。其中,“经消化道给药”在本文中指药物制剂通过患者消化道的给药方式,包括口服、灌胃给药和灌肠给药等,优选是口服,如可使用本领域技术人员所知晓的辅料配成口服溶液、口服混悬液、片剂、胶囊、肠溶片、丸剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、持续释放或延迟释释放等制剂;其中,注射给药的制剂主要是针剂和粉针剂。
再次,本发明另一方面提供一种20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物的制备方法,包括如下顺序进行的步骤:
1)将20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶于有机溶剂,制得20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2)加入酰化试剂,进行酯化反应;
3)加入水淬灭反应,用碱调节混合溶液的pH值为7;
4)过滤、重结晶即得。
其中,步骤1)所述有机溶剂选择三乙胺或无水吡啶,优选为无水吡啶;步骤2)所述酰化试剂为酰氯或酸酐。
特别是,所述酰氯选择乙酰氯、丙酰氯、丁酰氯、戊酰氯或己酰氯;所述酸酐选择乙酸酐、丙酸酐、丁酸酐、戊酸酐或己酸酐。
其中,步骤2)中所述酯化反应的反应温度为80-100℃。
特别是,所述酯化反应的时间为2-5h。
特别是,在室温下向20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液加入所述的酰化试剂。
尤其是,所述温度为15-35℃。
其中,步骤3)中所述碱选择无机碱。
特别是,所述无机碱选择碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾,优选为碳酸氢钠。
特别是,步骤3)中所述的加入的水为冰水,即水温为0℃的水,淬灭所述的酯化反应。
其中,步骤4)中采用水/甲醇体系对20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物进行所述的重结晶。
本发明又一方面提供一种20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物在制备抗肿瘤、抗癌药物中的应用。
本发明再一方面提供一种20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物在制备抗多种动物实体瘤、抗人体肺癌、抗乳腺癌、抗胃癌、抗肠癌、抗肝癌药物中的应用。
本发明的优势在于,本发明的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物的制备方法易于控制,产品的综合得率高,适宜工业化大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例进一步描述本发明,但这些实施例仅是说明本发明,而不应理解为对本发明范围的任何限制。另外,实施例中的试剂、原料都可以通过商业渠道获得,如有未尽之处,可以参考有机合成指南、药品监管机构的指引以及相应仪器、试剂的厂商说明书等。
实施例1
1、将20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3(4g,5.09mmol)加入180ml干燥的无水吡啶中,搅拌溶解,制得20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2、在室温(15-35℃)条件下,向20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液中加入乙酰氯(0.71ml,约10mmol)。
3、在搅拌状态下升温并保持温度为80℃,进行酯化反应;
4、在保持温度为80℃的情况下反应5h后将反应液倾入冰水中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH值为7,有大量白色固体析出。
5、过滤得到白色固体,大量水洗涤滤饼,水/甲醇重结晶得到白色粉末。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯(3g)为白色固体,溶于水、乙醇。在TLC板上展开(层析液为氯仿/甲醇50:1,Rf为0.4)后喷雾10%H2SO4-乙醇试剂呈现紫红色。ESI-MS谱中,m/z[M+Na]为1143.6,分子量为1121。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯的1H-NMR、13C-NMR如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm):5.301-5.255(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.192-5.146(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.062(s,1H),4.891-4.721(m,4H),4.629(s,2H),4.182-4.067(m,3H),3.973-3.911(m,3H),3.630-3.592(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),3.512(s,1H),3.054-3.053(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),2.088(s,2H),1.984-1.902(m,22H),1.738(s,3H),1.626-1.210(m,18H),0.992-0.889(m,12H),0.794(s,3H),0.721(s,5H);
13C-NMR(100MHz,Pyridin-d5)δ(ppm):171.88、171.81、171.72、171.61、171.51、171.31、171.19、171.15(C=O),132.05(C-25),127.30(C-24),104.92(C-1″),102.35(C-1′),91.57(C-3),79.27(C-2′),76.78(C-5″),74.96(C-5′),74.71(C-2″),74.71(C-20),73.56(C-3″),73.25(C-3′),72.98(C-12),70.79(C-4″),70.39(C-4′),63.95(C-6″&6′),57.54(C-5),53.76(C-14),51.56(C-17),51.47(C-9),47.40(C-13),44.35(C-22),41.17(C-4),40.85(C-8),40.04(C-1),38.18(C-10),36.06(C-7),32.75(C-11),30.09(C-15),27.22(C-28),25.64(C-16),24.96(C-2),24.83(C-26),22.39(C-21),21.93(C-23),21.71-21.79(CH3CO)18.29(C-6),17.65(C-30),17.26(C-27),16.17(C-29),16.13(C-19),16.90(C-18)
根据ESI-MS、1H-NMR和13C-NMR的测试数据,确定20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯的结构式为
实施例2
1、将20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3(4g,5.09mmol)加入180ml干燥的无水吡啶中,搅拌溶解,制得20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2、在室温(20-25℃)条件下,向20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液中加入正丁酸酐(3.07ml,约10mmol)。
3、在搅拌状态下升温并保持温度为100℃,进行酯化反应;
4、在保持温度为100℃的情况下反应5h后将反应液倾入冰水中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH值为7,有大量白色固体析出。
5、过滤得到白色固体,大量水洗涤滤饼,水/甲醇重结晶得到白色粉末。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丁酸酯(3g)为白色固体,溶于水、乙醇。在TLC板上展开(层析液为石油醚/乙酸乙酯3:1,Rf为0.5)后喷雾10%H2SO4-乙醇试剂呈现紫红色。ESI-MS谱中,m/z[M+Na]为1368.27,分子量为1345。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯的1H-NMR、13C-NMR如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm):5.301-5.255(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.192-5.146(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.062(s,1H),4.891-4.721(m,4H),4.629(s,2H),4.182-4.067(m,3H),3.973-3.911(m,3H),3.630-3.592(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),3.512(s,1H),3.054-3.053(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),2.35(m,12H),2.32(s,2H),1.984-1.902(m,22H),1.801-1.793(m,16H),1.738(s,3H),0.992-0.889(m,16H),0.794(s,3H),0.721(s,5H)。
13C-NMR(100MHz,Pyridin-d5)δ(ppm):172.96、172.89、172.62、172.51、172.47、172.28、172.26、172.06(C=O),130.55(C-25),125.81(C-24),103.44(C-1″),100.82(C-1′),90.01(C-3),77.41(C-2′),77.11(C-5″),76.68(C-5′),75.47(C-2″),72.04(C-20),74.43(C-3″),73.91(C-3′),71.64(C-12),69.14(C-4″),68.74(C-4′),63.30(C-6′),63.35(C-6″),56.34(C-5),51.39(C-14),50.16(C-17),49.99(C-9),48.73(C-13),42.59(C-22),40.25(C-4),40.04(C-8),39.25(C-1),36.85(C-10),35.59-35.90(CH3CH2CH2CO),35.01(C-7),31.59(C-11),31.16(C-15),27.22(C-28),25.64(C-16),24.96(C-2),24.83(C-26),22.39(C-21),21.93(C-23),18.42(C-6),18.17-18.34(CH3CH2CH2CO),17.65(C-30),17.26(C-27),16.12(C-29),16.02(C-19),15.40(C-18),13.64(CH3CH2CH2CO)。
根据ESI-MS、1H-NMR和13C-NMR的测试数据,确定20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丁酸酯的结构式为
实施例3
1、将20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3(4g,5.09mmol)加入180ml干燥的无水吡啶中,搅拌溶解,制得20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2、在室温(15-25℃)条件下,向20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液中加入正丙酸酐(3.07ml,约10mmol)。
3、在搅拌状态下升温并保持温度为80℃,进行酯化反应;
4、在保持温度为80℃的情况下反应5h后将反应液倾入冰水中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH值为7,有大量白色固体析出。
5、过滤得到白色固体,大量水洗涤滤饼,水/甲醇重结晶得到白色粉末。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丙酸酯(3g)为白色固体,溶于水、乙醇。在TLC板上展开(层析液为石油醚/乙酸乙酯3:1,Rf为0.4)后喷雾10%H2SO4-乙醇试剂呈现紫红色。ESI-MS谱中,m/z[M+Na]为1255.71,分子量为1233。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯的1H-NMR、13C-NMR如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm):5.301-5.255(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.192-5.146(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.062(s,1H),4.891-4.721(m,4H),4.629(s,2H),4.182-4.067(m,3H),3.973-3.911(m,3H),3.630-3.592(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),3.512(s,1H),3.054-3.053(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),2.29-2.27(m,16H),2.088(s,2H),1.14-1.12(m,24H),1.738(s,3H),),0.992-0.889(m,16H),0.794(s,3H),0.721(s,5H);
13C-NMR(100MHz,Pyridin-d5)δ(ppm):175.27、175.20、175.04、174.97、174.87、174.70、174.68、174.52(C=O),132.06(C-25),127.31(C-24),104.96(C-1″),102.38(C-1′),91.53(C-3),79.14(C-2′),77.11(C-5″),76.68(C-5′),75.47(C-2″),72.46(C-20),74.43(C-3″),73.91(C-3′),70.18(C-12),70.86(C-4″),70.36(C-4′),63.81(C-6″&6′),57.57(C-5),53.86(C-14),51.53(C-17),51.49(C-9),7.40(C-13),44.29(C-22),41.20(C-4),40.87(C-8),40.07(C-1),38.20(C-10),36.09(C-7),32.87(C-11),30.13(C-15),29.54-29.98(CH3CH2CO),29.10(CH3CH2CO),28.82-28.98(CH3CH2CO),27.08(C-28),24.24(C-16),24.96(C-2),24.83(C-26),22.39(C-21),21.93(C-23),19.65(C-6),18.97(C-30),18.96(C-27),17.53(C-29),17.50(C-19),16.90(C-18),10.45-10.58(CH3CH2CO)。
根据ESI-MS、1H-NMR和13C-NMR的测试数据,确定20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丙酸酯的结构式为
实施例4
1、将20R-人参皂苷Rg3(4g,5.09mmol)加入180ml干燥的无水吡啶中,搅拌溶解,制得20R-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2、在室温条件下,向20R-人参皂苷Rg3溶液中加入己酰氯(1.387ml,约10mmol)。
3、在搅拌状态下升温并保持温度为80℃,进行酯化反应;
4、在保持温度为80℃的情况下反应5h后将反应液倾入冰水中,用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液调节pH值为7,有大量白色固体析出。
5、过滤得到白色固体,大量水洗涤滤饼,水/甲醇重结晶得到白色粉末。
20R-人参皂苷Rg3八正己酸酯(3g)为白色固体,溶于水、乙醇。在TLC板上展开(层析液为氯仿/甲醇5:1,Rf为0.4)后喷雾10%H2SO4-乙醇试剂呈现紫红色。ESI-MS谱中,m/z[M+Na]为1602.2,分子量为1570。
20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酸酯的1H-NMR、13C-NMR如下:
1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm):5.301-5.255(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.192-5.146,(t,1H,J=9.2Hz),5.062(s,1H),4.891-4.721(m,4H),4.629(s,2H),4.182-4.067(m,3H),3.973-3.911(m,3H),3.630-3.592(t,1H,J=1.2Hz),3.512(s,1H),3.054-3.053(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),2.29-2.27(m,16H),2.088(s,2H),1.14-1.12(m,24H),1.738(s,3H),),0.992-0.889(m,16H),0.794(s,3H),0.721(s,5H)
13C-NMR(100MHz,Pyridin-d5)δ(ppm):173.27、173.20、173.04、172.98、172.82、172.70、172.67、172.52(C=O),132.06(C-25),127.31(C-24),104.96(C-1″),102.38(C-1′),91.53(C-3),79.14(C-2′),77.11(C-5″),76.68(C-5′),75.47(C-2″),72.46(C-20),74.43(C-3″),73.91(C-3′),70.18(C-12),70.86(C-4″),70.36(C-4′),63.81(C-6″&6′),57.57(C-5),53.86(C-14),51.53(C-17),51.49(C-9),7.40(C-13),44.29(C-22),41.20(C-4),40.87(C-8),40.07(C-1),38.20(C-10),36.09(C-7),33.14-34.28(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CO),32.87(C-11),28.82-28.98(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CO),30.13(C-15),27.08(C-28),24.24(C-16),24.96(C-2),24.83(C-26),22.39(C-21),22.48-22.10(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CO),21.93(C-23),19.65(C-6),18.97(C-30),18.96(C-27),17.53(C-29),17.50(C-19),16.90(C-18),14.41-14.67(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CO)。
试验例20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物抑制肿瘤生长的作用
1受试药物20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物——20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酰酯、20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丁酸酯、20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丙酸酯;大连富生天然药物开发有限公司研制,分别经高效液相色谱两种检测器紫外检测器和蒸发光散射检测器面积归一化法测定,其纯度分别为99.6%、99.2%、99.1%。
配制方法精密量取一定量的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物加入5%CMC-Na制成混悬液至所需浓度即可,给药体积0.5ml/鼠。
2实验材料
阳性对照品注射用环磷酰胺(CTX),上海华联制药集团生产;每天一次,连续七天;5Fu注射液,上海旭东海普药业有限公司生产;注射用丝裂霉素(MMC),日本协和发酵工业株式会社生产。
瘤源人体乳腺癌Bcap-37模型、人体肺癌A549模型、人体肠癌LOVO模型、人体胃癌MGC模型及人体肝癌QGY均第二代以上的肿瘤用作瘤源;小鼠B16黑色素瘤细胞、小鼠Lewis肺癌模型、小鼠肉瘤S180模型等均由上海医药工业研究院药理室传代维持。
3实验动物
来源裸小鼠由上海市中科院实验动物中心提供,合格证号:SCXK2003-0003。C57BL/6及昆明种小鼠由上海医药工业研究院药理室实验动物组提供,实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(沪)2004-0015。
体重裸小鼠为6周龄,昆明种小鼠及C57BL/6小鼠为18~22克。
性别雌雄皆可,每批实验使用同一种性别。
动物数试验中阳性对照组、试验组每组小鼠及裸鼠均为10只,阴性对照组为20只。
4试验设计
剂量设置:20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八乙酰酯、20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丁酸酯、20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3八正丙酸酯给药剂量均分别设为高(0.3mg/kg/d)、中(0.06mg/kg/d)、低剂量(0.012mg/kg/d)组。
给药方案:口服给药,每天2次;人体肿瘤模型及细胞接种的小鼠模型po×14bid;小鼠肿瘤接种的模型po×10bid的方案治疗。
试验对照:阴性对照:给予与试验组相同体积的5%CMC-Na,给药方案同试验组;阳性对照:环磷酰胺CTX30mg/kg、MMC2mg/kg及5Fu30mg/kg腹腔或静脉给药1次/天,连续七天。
5试验方法及主要步骤
5.1抗肿瘤试验
5.1.1腋皮下接种模型
无菌条件下取生长旺盛的瘤源,以匀浆法制备成约1~2×107/ml细胞悬液;于相应宿主腋皮下接种0.2ml/每鼠,次日按实验设计方案给药,三周左右处死各组动物,剖取肿瘤称重,按下列公式计算肿瘤抑制率:
肿瘤抑制率%=[(对照组平均瘤重—给药组平均瘤重)/对照组平均瘤重]×100%
使用人体肿瘤异种移植模型操作相同,但所用的饲料、垫料、笼具及接触的器械等均应高压消毒后使用,裸鼠置于层流架中饲养。并对肿瘤及荷瘤动物体重生长进行动态测量[以卡尺测量肿瘤长a、短b径,肿瘤体积=a×b2/2]。
5.1.2胃原位接种模型
无菌条件下取生长旺盛的体内传2代的MGC胃癌,以匀浆法制备成约2×107/ml细胞悬液,经手术于裸小鼠的胃大弯肌层内注射细胞悬液0.05ml,次日按实验设计方案给药,按下列公式计算荷瘤宿主生命延长率:
生命延长率%=给药组平均生存天/对照组平均生存天×100%
5.2抗肿瘤转移试验
5.2.1尾静脉接种模型
无菌条件下取对数生长期的B16小鼠黑色素瘤培养细胞,制备成约2.5×105/ml细胞悬液,于C57BL/6小鼠尾静脉接种0.2ml/鼠,次日按实验设计方案给药,三周后处死各组动物,剖取各组小鼠的肺脏,计测每鼠肺脏所转移的集落数,以各组肿瘤平均集落数,按下列公式计算肿瘤抑制率:
肿瘤抑制率%=[(对照组平均集落数—给药组平均集落数)/对照组平均集落数]×100%
5.2.2脾脏接种肝转移模型
无菌条件下取对数生长期的LOVO肠癌培养细胞,以RPMI1640培养液稀释约1.8×107/ml细胞悬液备用。取裸小鼠全身麻醉,常规消毒腹部皮肤,切开皮肤及腹腔,轻轻取出脾脏,于脾脏内接种LOVO肠癌细胞悬液0.05ml/鼠,轻压使勿出血,回复脾脏,缝合切口,将小鼠置于笼内,放入层流架中。次日按实验设计方案给药,观察和记录各组小鼠的死亡率,与阴性对照组相比统计生命延长率。
5.2.3肝原位接种模型
无菌条件下取生长旺盛的体内传第二代QGY瘤源,以匀浆法1:6制备成约1-2×107/ml细胞悬液,匀浆经100目不锈钢筛网过滤,备用。裸小鼠常规消毒,麻醉于腹腔正中剑突下切开皮肤和腹腔,暴露肝脏,经肝实质部以进口的28ga1/2ml注射器注射0.05ml细胞悬液,关闭腹腔,逐层缝合腹腔及皮肤。裸小鼠置于层流架中饲养,所用的饲料、垫料、笼具及接触的器械等均应高压消毒后使用。次日按实验设计方案给药,观察各组动物45天内的生存时间,与阴性对照组进行比较,统计生命延长率。
6.结果
6.1Rg3多酰基化衍生物对实体瘤模型的抗肿瘤试验结果
人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯对小鼠及人体肿瘤实体瘤模型抗肿瘤试验结果如表1、2所示。
表120(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对小鼠Lewis肺癌(足趾皮下接种)疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表220(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对人体乳腺癌Bcap-37(皮下接种)疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表1-2的试验结果可知,人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯对小鼠及人体肿瘤实体瘤模型具有抑制肿瘤生长作用,其最佳疗效组的抑瘤率均超过70%,与隐形对照组相比具有显著差异(p<0.01)。
6.2Rg3多酰化衍生物对肿瘤转移模型的抗肿瘤转移试验结果
人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯对小鼠黑色素B16、S180、Lewis肺癌转移模型、人体肺癌转移模型抗肿瘤试验结果如表3-6所示。
表320(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对小鼠黑色素B16的疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表420(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对小鼠肉瘤S180的疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表520(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对小鼠Lewis肺癌(皮下接种)疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表620(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对人体肺癌A549(皮下接种)疗效(n=3)
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表3-6的试验结果可知,人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯对小鼠黑色素B16、S180、Lewis肺癌转移模型、人体肺癌转移模型的抗转移抑制率达到70-80%以上。
6.3Rg3多酰基化衍生物对肿瘤转移模型的抗肿瘤延长生命率试验结果
人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯抗人体胃癌、人体肠癌、人体肝癌转移模型的抗肿瘤延长生命率试验结果如表7-9所示。
表720(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对人体胃癌MGC(原位接种)疗效
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表820(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对人体肠癌LOVO(脾脏接种)疗效
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表920(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物对人体肝癌QGY(原位接种)疗效
与阴性对照组相比,***p值<0.01
表7-9的试验结果表明,本发明的人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯能显著延长罹患人体胃癌、人体肠癌、人体肝癌的生存时间,对延长生命率具有明显的效果。其中人参皂苷Rg3-八正丙酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八正丁酸酯、人参皂苷Rg3-八乙酸酯高剂量组对人体胃癌、人体肠癌、人体肝癌具有明显的延长生命率均作用、且均超过阳性药组;低剂量组对延长生命率的作用效果与阳性对照药物相当。
Claims (10)
1.一种由结构通式(Ⅰ)所示的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物,
其中,R=CH3(CH2)nCOn=0~5。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下顺序进行的步骤:
1)将20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶于有机溶剂,制得20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3溶液;
2)加入酰化试剂,进行酯化反应;
3)加入水淬灭反应,用碱调节混合溶液的pH值为7;
4)过滤、重结晶即得。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于步骤1)所述有机溶剂选择三乙胺或无水吡啶,优选为无水吡啶。
4.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于步骤2)所述酰化试剂为酰氯或酸酐。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述酰氯选择乙酰氯、丙酰氯、丁酰氯、戊酰氯或己酰氯;所述酸酐选择乙酸酐、丙酸酐、丁酸酐、戊酸酐或己酸酐。
6.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于步骤2)中所述酯化反应的反应温度为80-100℃。
7.权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于步骤3)中所述碱选择无机碱。
8.如权利要求7所述的制备方法,其特征在于所述无机碱选择碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾。
9.如权利要求1所述的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物在制备抗肿瘤、抗癌药物中的应用。
10.如权利要求1所述的20(R)-人参皂苷Rg3多酰基化衍生物在制备抗多种动物实体瘤、抗人体肺癌、抗乳腺癌、抗胃癌、抗肠癌、抗肝癌药物中的应用。
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CA2971365A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
CN105753923B (zh) | 2017-09-29 |
AU2014414533A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
EP3235826B1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
RU2673885C1 (ru) | 2018-12-03 |
EP3235826A4 (en) | 2018-08-15 |
KR20170087513A (ko) | 2017-07-28 |
US9969766B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
WO2016095249A1 (zh) | 2016-06-23 |
EP3235826A1 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
KR102010484B1 (ko) | 2019-08-13 |
JP6415725B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 |
US20170327529A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
ES2786092T3 (es) | 2020-10-08 |
AU2014414533B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
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CA2971365C (en) | 2019-03-19 |
RU2695380C1 (ru) | 2019-07-23 |
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