CN105753600A - Formula fertilizer special for Xinjiang and red dates and preparation and application methods of formula fertilizer - Google Patents
Formula fertilizer special for Xinjiang and red dates and preparation and application methods of formula fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105753600A CN105753600A CN201610040213.6A CN201610040213A CN105753600A CN 105753600 A CN105753600 A CN 105753600A CN 201610040213 A CN201610040213 A CN 201610040213A CN 105753600 A CN105753600 A CN 105753600A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
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Abstract
The invention relates to formula fertilizer special for Xinjiang and red dates and preparation and application methods of the formula fertilizer.The formula fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, wherein the organic fertilizer comprises fresh chicken manure, crushed straw, rice bran powder, plant ash, crushed corncob, weathered coal, oil cake and diluted EM microbial agent; the inorganic fertilizer comprises urea, calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, borax, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate.The formula fertilizer has the advantages that the formula fertilizer can improve local soil, increase the yield of the red dates, increase fruit setting rate, lower fruit cracking rate, increase the quality of the red dates, increase the income of farmers, lower fertilizer cost, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fructus Jujubae special fertilizer in agriculture field, be specifically related to Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special and the preparation and application method thereof in a kind of Xinjiang.
Background technology
In current Fructus Jujubae fertilizer, there is certain defect in the overwhelming majority so that uses limited.Patent " a kind of Fructus Jujubae chemical fertilizer and preparation method thereof " (CN104355729A), fertilizer ratio includes following component according to mass fraction: nitrogenous fertilizer 7-9 part, phosphate fertilizer 5-7 part, potash fertilizer 10-12 part, dry pig manure 80-100 part, Punica granatum L. corium farinosum 30-40 part, bamboo charcoal powder 40-50 part, bentonite 80-90 part, Borax 0.7-0.9 part, Caulis Perillae 8-10 part, Herba Centellae 10-12 part, humic acids 8-10 part, distiller grains 10-12 part.The Fructus Jujubae special organic and inorganic bio-fertilizer that this technology produces is without functional microorganism bacterium, and trace element only supplements boron, may there is the comparatively serious unbalanced situation of nutrition for the jujube tree in most of area, Xinjiang.
nullPatent " a kind of Fructus Jujubae special slow release compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof " (CN104311235A)，The main contents of this invention there is provided a kind of Fructus Jujubae special slow release compound fertilizer，Its raw material components is as follows by weight: edible fungi residues 40-50、Sawdust 20-30、Rice husk 20-30、Bone meal 8-10、Pig manure 50-60、Vermiculite power 20-25、Sodium lignin sulfonate 5-10、MAP 18-20，Calcium superphosphate 20-30、Potassium chloride 10-15、Carbamide 20-25、Zinc sulfate 1-2、Potassium borate 1-2、Iron sulfate 2-3、Manganese sulfate 0.2-0.4、Sym-closene 0.5-1.0、Polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether 5-8、Acrylic acid 5-8、Polypropylene glycol 10-15、Ammonium persulfate. 0.1-0.4、Hydroxypropyl chitosan 4-6、Fertilizer additive 10-15.Prepared by this technology Fructus Jujubae special slow release compound fertilizer comprises the organic compound such as sym-closene, polypropylene glycol glycidyl ether, acrylic acid, polypropylene glycol and can play the effect of slow release to a certain extent, but itself is with certain penetrating odor, especially sym-closene has strong chlorine pungent taste, and human body has certain harm.
Patent " a kind of Fructus Jujubae chemical fertilizer specially and preparation method thereof " (CN104311354A), the mass fraction formula components composition of fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer 21-23 part, phosphate fertilizer 17-19 part, potash fertilizer 16-18 part, decay sheep excrement 15-17 part, peat composed of rotten mosses ash 10-12 part, nitro-humic acid ammonium 3-5 part, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-14 part, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer 7-9 part, false indigo green manure 6-8 part, amino-oligosaccharide 3-5 part, boric acid 2-4 part, molybdenum bisuphide 3-6 part, metrifonate powder 1-3 part, water 60-70 part.Its content of organic matter of Fructus Jujubae chemical fertilizer specially prepared by this technology is low, for band Fructus Jujubae implantation in large scale region, Xinjiang one, local soil is not had and well supplements organic effect, in fertilising process, and must additionally application of organic fertilizers, increase workload and cost.
Additionally, the drawback of Xinjiang region Fructus Jujubae agriculture fertilising mainly has: 1. fertilization time mostly is winter and the beginning of spring, and temperature is low, and the time is short, and fertilizer does not fully ferment and becomes thoroughly decomposed, and the root system of jujube tree not easily absorbs nutrient therein, and because being completely cured of causing of fertilising is not easily healed；When 2. executing farm manure, dig pit too deep, cause that fertilizer is not executed in Root Distribution scope, affect Root Absorption；3. some Fructus Jujubae agriculture directly takes gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields, and is piled up by fertilizer under tree dish, covers with soil, causes moving on a large amount of root system, causes fertilizer loss, reduce fertilizer efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of Xinjiang and preparation and application method thereof, it is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of Xinjiang, described formula fertilizer is made up of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the mass fraction of described fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer is fertilizer 550～600 parts, it is preferable that 565～585 parts；Inorganic fertilizer is 410～450 parts, it is preferable that 414.5～441.5 parts；Described fertilizer is made up of the EM microbial inoculum of fresh chicken manure, size-reduced straw, bran powder, plant ash, size-reduced corn cob, weathered coal, oil cake and dilution；Described inorganic fertilizer is made up of carbamide, calcium superphosphate, MAP, potassium sulfate, Borax, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate.
Further, the mass fraction of the various compositions in described fertilizer is: the EM microbial inoculum 50 parts of fresh chicken manure 700～750 parts, size-reduced straw 15～20 parts, 90～110 parts of bran powder, plant ash 20～30 parts, size-reduced corn cob 50 parts, weathered coal 50 parts, 0.5 part of oil cake and dilution；It is further preferred that the EM microbial inoculum 50 parts of 720～735 parts of freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, size-reduced straw 16～18 parts, 95～100 parts of bran powder, plant ash 24～28 parts, size-reduced corn cob 50 parts, weathered coal 50 parts, 0.5 part of oil cake and dilution.Freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, straw, bran powder, plant ash, corn cob, weathered coal and the oil cake etc. added in raw material, and make it have aforementioned proportion and make the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) in these raw materials reach 25～35, thus reaching the optimum of microbial growth.Further, containing 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution in the EM microbial inoculum of described dilution, the mixed product of brown sugar water that the EM microbial inoculum of this dilution is 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution with 49 parts of concentration is 2%.
Further, in above-mentioned inorganic fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 170～180 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 20～22 parts, MAP 120～125 parts, potassium sulfate 100～110 parts, Borax 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate 2.5 parts；It is further preferred that 173～177 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 21 parts, MAP 121～124 parts, potassium sulfate 103～107 parts, Borax 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate 2.5 parts.
It is further preferred that the total nutrient content of above-mentioned Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special is 20%, this total nutrient is N, P2O5、K2The total content of O.
A kind of preparation method of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in described Xinjiang, described preparation method is: 1. weigh fresh chicken manure 700～750 parts, size-reduced straw 15～20 parts, 90～110 parts of bran powder, plant ash 20～30 parts, size-reduced corn cob 50 parts, weathered coal 50 parts and 0.5 part of oil cake in proportion, mix homogeneously, obtains fermentation raw material；2. 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution being joined in the brown sugar water that 49 parts of concentration is 2%, obtain the EM bacterium solution of dilution, the EM bacterium solution namely diluted is 50 parts；3. by step 2. in 30 parts dilution EM bacterium solution be uniformly sprayed to step 1. in fermentation raw material on, overlay film, then anaerobism pile ferment 7～10 days, when temperature reaches about 50 DEG C, turning, spray the EM bacterium solution 15 parts of step 2. middle dilution again, continue fermentation 3～5 days, wait to become thoroughly decomposed completely, film is opened, and carry out buffer memory under field conditions (factors), air-dry, then it is pulverized, sub-sieve, obtains fertilizer；4. the fertilizer 550～600 parts of step 3. middle gained is weighed by weight, add the inorganic fertilizer of 410～440 parts, after mixing, carry out pelletize, ball blast, drying, then spray the EM bacterium solution 5 parts of step 2. middle dilution again, air-dry under field conditions (factors), after sub-sieve, obtain Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special；The component of described inorganic fertilizer is 170～180 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 20～22 parts, MAP 120～125 parts, potassium sulfate 100～110 parts, Borax 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate 2.5 parts.
Further, step 2. in EM bacterium stock solution and concentration be 2% the ratio of brown sugar water be 1:49, namely 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution joins in the brown sugar water that 49 parts of concentration is 2%.Step 3. in by air-dry for fertilizer be 25～35% to moisture time carry out again pulverizing, sub-sieve；Step 4. under field conditions (factors) air-dry to moisture less than 25% time carry out sub-sieve again.
The application process of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of described Xinjiang, described application process is: (1) base manure: (namely annual mid or late October) basal dressing after fruit picking, and base manure fertilization mode is: within 1～2 year, raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields；Within 3～4 years, raw jujube tree adopts ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread；Within 4～8 years, raw jujube tree adopts strip ditch spread；Within more than 8 years, adopt radioactivity ditch spread；(2) first time topdresses: carrying out first time before blooming topdresses, and fertilization mode is: 1～2 year raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields, 3～4 years raw jujube trees adopt ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread, raw jujube tree employing strip ditch spread in 4～8 years, employing radioactivity ditch spread in more than 8 years；(3) second time is topdressed: young fruit period carries out second time and topdresses, and fertilization mode is that all jujube trees all adopt bar shaped ditch spread.
The invention provides the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of Xinjiang and preparation and application method thereof, it mainly has the beneficial effect that
1, the general meta-alkali of Xinjiang region soil, some area pH value overwhelming majority is more than 7.8, under alkali condition, the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special of the Xinjiang region of the present invention can effectively improve the soil of locality, including improving the preservation capacity of water and fertility of soil, increasing the microecological balance of the soil organism and breathability, maintenance soil, regulate soil acidity or alkalinity, the harmful levels of pathogens reduced in soil；And this formula fertilizer can effectively facilitate the soil absorption to ferrum element.
2, the Xinjiang Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special of gained of the present invention can improve the yield of Fructus Jujubae, promote fruit-setting rate, reduces Cracking fruit, improves the quality of Fructus Jujubae.
3, containing big, middle and trace element necessary to red dates production in the Xinjiang Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special of gained of the present invention, can guarantee that Fructus Jujubae demand to nutrient in growth course.
4, its proportioning raw materials of patented technology that the preparation method of the Xinjiang Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in the present invention has had relative to my company considers raw-material carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N), survival and reproduction for microorganism provides more favourable condition, improves fertilizer efficiency simultaneously.
5, the proportioning of the component in inventive formulation fertilizer and component content ensure that Xinjiang region jujube tree is when normal growth, additionally it is possible to improves the yield and quality of Fructus Jujubae further, increases farmers' income, and reduces with fertile cost.
6, the fertilizing method of the present invention, fertilization time and method are reasonable, and jujube tree can effectively absorb the nutrient in fertilizer, and the crack conditions of the root of jujube tree very easily heals；And the method effectively prevent and moves on a large amount of root systems that improper fertilization causes, cause fertilizer loss, reduce the defect of fertilizer efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below according to accompanying drawing, this utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the annular ditch applied fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the strip groove applied fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the radiation gender gap of fertilising in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of Xinjiang described in the embodiment of the present invention and preparation and application method thereof, for specific experiment case, detailed description of the invention is described below, should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in a kind of Xinjiang, is made up of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and the parts by weight of described fertilizer are 550～600 parts, it is preferable that 550 parts, 560 parts, 570 parts, 580 parts, 590 parts or 600 parts；The parts by weight of inorganic fertilizer are 410～450 parts, it is preferable that 410 parts, 420 parts, 430 parts, 440 parts or 450 parts.
The composition of described fertilizer is: fresh chicken manure, size-reduced straw, bran powder, plant ash, size-reduced corn cob, weathered coal, oil cake and EM microbial inoculum；The mass ratio of various compositions can be preferably: 1. fresh chicken manure 700kg, size-reduced straw 20kg, bran powder 90kg, plant ash 30kg, size-reduced corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg, oil cake 0.5kg, EM bacterium stock solution 1kg；2. fresh chicken manure 750kg, size-reduced straw 15kg, bran powder 110kg, plant ash 20kg, size-reduced corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg, oil cake 0.5kg, EM bacterium stock solution 1kg；3. fresh chicken manure 740kg, size-reduced straw 17kg, bran powder 100kg, plant ash 25kg, size-reduced corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg, oil cake 0.5kg, EM bacterium stock solution 1kg；4. fresh chicken manure 725kg, size-reduced straw 19kg, bran powder 95kg, plant ash 28kg, size-reduced corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg, oil cake 0.5kg, EM bacterium stock solution 1kg；5. fresh chicken manure 710kg, size-reduced straw 16kg, bran powder 105kg, plant ash 22kg, size-reduced corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg, oil cake 0.5kg, EM bacterium stock solution 1kg.
The composition of described inorganic fertilizer is: carbamide, calcium superphosphate, MAP, potassium sulfate, Borax, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate, and the mass ratio of various compositions can be preferably: 1. carbamide 170kg, calcium superphosphate 22kg, MAP 120kg, potassium sulfate 110kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and manganese sulfate 2.5kg；2. carbamide 180kg, calcium superphosphate 20kg, MAP 125kg, potassium sulfate 100kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and manganese sulfate 2.5kg；3. carbamide 175kg, calcium superphosphate 21kg, MAP 122kg, potassium sulfate 105kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and manganese sulfate 2.5kg；4. carbamide 172kg, calcium superphosphate 21.5kg, MAP 124kg, potassium sulfate 102kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and manganese sulfate 2.5kg；5. carbamide 178kg, calcium superphosphate 22kg, MAP 123kg, potassium sulfate 108kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg and manganese sulfate 2.5kg.
As further preferred embodiment, freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, straw, bran powder, plant ash, corn cob, weathered coal and the oil cake etc. added in raw material, and make it have aforementioned proportion and make the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) in these raw materials reach 25～35, this is the optimum of microbial growth.
As further preferred embodiment, the total nutrient content of above-mentioned Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special is 20%, and this total nutrient is N, P2O5And K2The total content of N P and K in O, thus the best reaching Xinjiang region Fructus Jujubae needs fertile ratio.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang is: A: takes fresh chicken manure 750kg, the straw 20kg of pulverizing, bran powder 100kg, plant ash 30kg, corn cob 50kg, weathered coal 50kg and oil cake 0.5kg by weight, fully mixes, obtain fermentation raw material；B: take 2kg brown sugar, dissolves in 100kg water, obtains the brown sugar water that concentration is 2%；C: take brown sugar water 49kg prepared in EM bacterium stock solution 1kg and step B, is stirred for mixing, obtains the EM bacterium solution of 50kg dilution；D: the EM bacterium solution 30kg of the dilution of step C gained is uniformly sprayed onto in the fermentation raw material of step A gained, and with forklift, fermentation raw material is ricked, cover plastic sheeting, it is allowed to carry out anaerobic fermentation 10 days, when the temperature of fermentation heap rises to 55 degree, take off thin film, obtain first time tunning；E: will spray the EM bacterium solution of the dilution of 15kg step C gained in the first time tunning of step D gained, and turn over throwing with forklift, is changed into bar buttress formula and is stacked, and overlay film continues fermentation 5 days, allows it become thoroughly decomposed completely.F: after step E has fermented, opens thin film, is allowed to condition under natural conditions buffer memory, air-dry, turning and throwing once every three days, until its moisture reaches about 30%, then it is pulverized, sub-sieve, obtains the fertilizer of Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special.G: the fertilizer 580kg taking step F gained by weight mixes with inorganic fertilizer 416.5kg, namely with carbamide 170kg, calcium superphosphate 20kg, potassium sulfate 100kg, MAP 122kg, Borax 0.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.5kg, manganese sulfate 2.5kg, fully carry out pelletize, ball blast, drying after mixing, then the EM bacterium solution of the dilution of gained in 5kg step C is sprayed, air-dry under field conditions (factors), allow its moisture less than 25%, after sub-sieve, obtain Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special.
The quality of the fertilizer in above step G and inorganic fertilizer is also adopted by embodiment 1 mass ratio provided；Additionally, in above-mentioned steps A～G organic fat in the quality of each composition (i.e. freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, straw, bran powder, plant ash, corn cob, weathered coal and oil cake) and inorganic fertilizer the quality of each composition (i.e. carbamide, calcium superphosphate, MAP, potassium sulfate, Borax, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate) all can adopt the mass ratio provided in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The application process of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang, (1) base manure: (namely annual mid or late October) basal dressing after fruit picking, base manure fertilization mode is: within 1～2 year, raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields；Within 3～4 years, raw jujube tree adopts ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread；Within 4～8 years, raw jujube tree adopts strip ditch spread；Within more than 8 years, adopt radioactivity ditch spread；This fertilizing method can effectively facilitate next spring jujube tree rudiment, bud differentiation, shoot and leaf growth, setting of blooming absorb；(2) first time topdresses: carrying out first time before blooming topdresses, and fertilization mode is: 1～2 year raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields, 3～4 years raw jujube trees adopt ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread, raw jujube tree employing strip ditch spread in 4～8 years, employing radioactivity ditch spread in more than 8 years；This fertilizing method effectively can lay in the deficiency of nutrition by supplemental tree body, is conducive to jujube tree rudiment, bud differentiation, shoot and leaf growth, setting of blooming；(3) second time is topdressed: young fruit period carries out second time and topdresses, and fertilization mode is that all jujube trees all adopt bar shaped ditch spread；This fertilizing method can supplement a large amount of nutrients consumed of bearing fruit of blooming on the one hand, alleviates physiological fallen fruit；Fruit cell division can be promoted on the other hand, increase volume of fruits, alleviate later stage shedding, improve the yield and quality；Additionally, adopt gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields, ring-type ditch spread, radioactivity ditch spread easily cause that young fruit causes because artificially colliding comes off, therefore this fertilizing method can effectively reduce the shedding situation that artificial origin causes.
Said method is that the jujube tree according to all ages and classes takes different fertilization modes.Said method was adopted for the jujube trees of more than 3 years it can be avoided that a large amount of root system moves and causes fertilizer loss thus reducing the deficiency of fertilizer efficiency.
The specific practice that above-mentioned gardenful spreads fertilizer over the fields is: is uniformly sprinkling upon in Fructus Jujubae garden by fertilizer, is mixed with fertilizer by topsoil with rooter, waters.
The specific practice that annular ditch 1 is executed is: to drip for boundary, the edge along jujube tree digs the arc ditch of 2～3 long 1.2～1.5m, wide 20cm, deep about 30～40cm, is uniformly sprinkling upon in ditch by fertilizer, waters, and after moisture penetration is complete, timely earthing is filled and led up.
The specific practice that strip groove 2 is executed is: centered by the midpoint of jujube tree spacing in the rows, dig the short ditch of long 0.8～1.2 meter of m, wide 30cm, deep about 30cm along the direction vertical with spacing in the rows, fertilizer is uniformly sprinkling upon in ditch, waters, after moisture penetration is complete, timely earthing is filled and led up.
The specific practice that radiation gender gap 3 is executed is: from the superficial to the deep outwards digging 2～4 radioactivity dressing furrows from jujube tree trunk 30～40cm place, dig to jujube tree tree crown extension and drip place, furrow width 20～30cm, ditch depth is from the superficial to the deep 10～40cm, fertilizer is uniformly sprinkling upon in ditch, watering, after moisture penetration is complete, timely earthing is filled and led up.
Embodiment 4
Test is located at a piece of jujube tree base on Oryza sativa L. farm, Wenxiu County, Aksu, Xinjiang, test kind is the fine horse Fructus Jujubae of life in 5 years, line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows 1.5m, every mu is about 105 jujube trees, test soil is brown desert soil, the content of organic matter is 12.5g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 50.27mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 22.56mg/kg, available potassium 125mg/kg, pH value is 8.3.
This test area is 4 mu, is divided into 4 groups, respectively test group, matched group 1, matched group 2 and blank group, respectively four groups is processed after Fructus Jujubae fruit picking:
Test group 1: the annual Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special 520kg using the present invention altogether, adopts strip ditch spread, divides and apply for three times, be after fruit picking respectively, basal dressing, dose is 260kg, carries out topdressing for the first time before blooming, dose is 160kg, and young fruit period carries out second time and topdresses, and dose is 100kg.Matched group 1: use the Fructus Jujubae organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special of certain brand bought on the market, its nutrient content is: organic >=20%, total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) >=34%, N:P2O5:K2O is 16:6:12, and year, total dose was 520kg, fertilization mode and the same test group of dose.Matched group 2: use the Fructus Jujubae compound fertilizer special of another brand bought on the market, its nutrient content is: total nutrient (N+P2O5+K2O) >=37%, N:P2O5:K2O is 5:8:8, organic >=30%, and year, total dose was 520kg, fertilization mode and the same test group of dose.Blank group: do not apply fertilizer.
Above-mentioned dose is to convert according to the fertilizer requirement of 550 kilograms of fresh Fructus Jujubaes of per mu yield to form.
The mensuration of result of the test: adopt weighing method to measure the weight of Fructus Jujubae fruit, adopt Potentiometric Determination soil pH value, adopts potassium bichromate titrimetric method to measure soil organic matter content, adopts sample extraction method to calculate the Cracking fruit of Fructus Jujubae.
Result of the test:
| Detection project | Fresh Fructus Jujubae yield (kg) | Cracking fruit (%) | Soil organic matter content (g/kg) | Soil pH value |
| Test group | 580 | 11.3 | 18.7 | 7.4 |
| Matched group 1 | 501 | 18.6 | 15.6 | 7.9 |
| Matched group 2 | 510 | 17.9 | 16.3 | 7.7 |
| Blank group | 395 | 25.6 | 11.2 | 8.3 |
As can be seen from the table, after test group application of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special that this technology produces, Fructus Jujubae yield improves 46.8% than blank group, improves 15.7% than matched group 1, improve 13.7% than matched group 2.
Cracking fruit reduces 55.8% than blank group, reduces 39.2% than matched group 1, reduces 36.9% than matched group 2.
Soil organic matter content improves 66.9% than blank group, improves 19.9% than matched group 1, improve 14.7% than matched group 2.
Soil pH value, test group is 7.4, almost in neutrality, reduces 1.1 than blank group, reduces 0.5 than matched group 1, reduce 0.3 than matched group 2.
High mental retardation direct reaction jujube tree absorbing state of nutrient in growth course of Fructus Jujubae yield, in this test, application of Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special, and its yield has had and is obviously improved, and illustrates that this product can provide comprehensive nutrient for Fructus Jujubae；
Fructus Jujubae cracked fruit is a kind of physiological disturbance, have a strong impact on the yield and quality of Fructus Jujubae, dehiscent fruit Fructus Jujubae not only outward appearance outward appearance is not good, also result in the infringement of inoculating microbe, Cracking fruit is very big by the reason of ambient weather, but it is also relevant with soil, breathability and the water-retaining property of soil are better, its Cracking fruit can be lower, therefore, in test group, Cracking fruit has had obvious reduction relative to blank group, only small relative to the amplitude that matched group reduces, it is possibly due to test group and matched group 1, matched group 2 all application of fertilizer, organic mass-energy in fertilizer plays the effect that water conservation is ventilative.
Soil organic matter content is an important symbol of evaluation and test soil fertility, in this test, application of Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special, the content of organic matter in soil is significantly improved than blank group, the content of organic matter that this product can supplement rapidly in soil is described, improves soil fertility.
Soil pH value is the acid-base value of soil, and its value can directly affect normal growth and the crop absorbing state to nutrient of crop, and soil is had a suitable pH value range by every kind of crop, and only within the scope of this, crop could normal growth.Fructus Jujubae Optimum pH is the soil of 5.5～8, and in this test, the acid-base value change of soil is very faint, but all within the scope of the most suitable growth of jujube tree, the pH value of test group is more beneficial for the growth of jujube tree, the absorption to ferrum and other trace element of the more effective promotion jujube tree.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, anyone for the present invention any modification made under the enlightenment of the present invention or change, every have same or like with the application like technical scheme, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in an Xinjiang, it is characterized in that: described formula fertilizer is made up of fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, described fertilizer is made up of fresh chicken manure, size-reduced straw, bran powder, plant ash, size-reduced corn cob, weathered coal, oil cake and EM microbial inoculum；Described inorganic fertilizer is made up of carbamide, calcium superphosphate, MAP, potassium sulfate, Borax, zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate.
2. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mass fraction of described fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer is fertilizer 550～600 parts, and inorganic fertilizer is 400～450 parts.
3. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mass fraction of the various compositions in described fertilizer is: the EM microbial inoculum 50 parts of fresh chicken manure 700～750 parts, size-reduced straw 15～20 parts, 90～110 parts of bran powder, plant ash 20～30 parts, size-reduced corn cob 50 parts, weathered coal 50 parts, 0.5 part of oil cake and dilution；Containing 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution in the EM microbial inoculum of described dilution；
In described inorganic fertilizer, the mass fraction of various compositions is: 170～180 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 20～22 parts, MAP 120～125 parts, potassium sulfate 100～110 parts, Borax 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate 2.5 parts.
4. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the mixed product of brown sugar water that the EM microbial inoculum of described dilution is 1 part of EM bacterium stock solution with 49 parts of concentration is 2%.
5. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the total nutrient content of described Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special is 20%.
6. the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described total nutrient is N, P2O5、K2The total content of O.
7. the preparation method of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in the Xinjiang according to any one of claim 1～6, it is characterised in that: described preparation method is:
1. weigh fresh chicken manure, size-reduced straw, bran powder, plant ash, size-reduced corn cob, weathered coal and oil cake, mix homogeneously in proportion, obtain fermentation raw material；
2. EM bacterium stock solution is joined in the brown sugar water that concentration is 2%, obtain dilution EM bacterium solution；
3. by step 2. in the EM bacterium solution of dilution be uniformly sprayed to step 1. in fermentation raw material on, overlay film, anaerobism pile ferments 7～10 days again, turning, then sprays the EM bacterium solution of step 2. middle dilution, continue fermentation 3～5 days, wait to become thoroughly decomposed completely, film opened, and carry out buffer memory under field conditions (factors), air-dry, then it is pulverized, sub-sieve, obtain the fertilizer of primiparity；
4. the fertilizer 550～600 parts of step 3. middle gained is weighed by weight, add the inorganic fertilizer of 400～450 parts, after mixing, carry out pelletize, ball blast, drying, then spray the EM bacterium solution of step 2. middle dilution again, air-dry under field conditions (factors), after sub-sieve, obtain Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special；The component of described inorganic fertilizer is 170～180 parts of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 20～22 parts, MAP 120～125 parts, potassium sulfate 100～110 parts, Borax 0.5 part, 1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate 2.5 parts.
8. the preparation method of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step 2. in EM bacterium stock solution and concentration be 2% the mass ratio of brown sugar water be 1:49.
9. the preparation method of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in Xinjiang according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step 4. under middle natural conditions air-dry to moisture less than 25% time carry out sub-sieve again.
10. the application process of the Fructus Jujubae formula fertilizer special in the Xinjiang according to any one of claim 1～6, it is characterised in that: described application process is:
(1) base manure: basal dressing after fruit picking, base manure fertilization mode is: within 1～2 year, raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields；Within 3～4 years, raw jujube tree adopts ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread；Within 4～8 years, raw jujube tree adopts strip ditch spread；Within more than 8 years, adopt radioactivity ditch spread；
(2) first time topdresses: carrying out first time before blooming topdresses, and fertilization mode is: 1～2 year raw jujube tree adopts gardenful to spread fertilizer over the fields, 3～4 years raw jujube trees adopt ring-type ditch spread or strip ditch spread, raw jujube tree employing strip ditch spread in 4～8 years, employing radioactivity ditch spread in more than 8 years；
(3) second time is topdressed: young fruit period carries out second time and topdresses, and fertilization mode is that all jujube trees all adopt bar shaped ditch spread.
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| CN107473842A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-12-15 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of microbial organic fertilizer for improving peach and mending iron ability |
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Application publication date: 20160713 |