AU2020103729A4 - Method for Restoring Acidified and Degraded Soil of Economic Forest - Google Patents
Method for Restoring Acidified and Degraded Soil of Economic Forest Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020103729A4 AU2020103729A4 AU2020103729A AU2020103729A AU2020103729A4 AU 2020103729 A4 AU2020103729 A4 AU 2020103729A4 AU 2020103729 A AU2020103729 A AU 2020103729A AU 2020103729 A AU2020103729 A AU 2020103729A AU 2020103729 A4 AU2020103729 A4 AU 2020103729A4
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- acidified
- fertilizer
- economic forest
- soil
- degraded soil
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 selenium phosphate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenous acid Chemical compound O[Se](O)=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019828 potassium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RNGFNLJMTFPHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;selenite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O RNGFNLJMTFPHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006667 Aleurites moluccana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006248 Broussonetia kazinoki Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002725 Olea europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008289 Quercus suber Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016977 Quercus suber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218998 Salicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000044283 Toxicodendron succedaneum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001667 Vitex agnus castus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000063464 Vitex agnus-castus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCLSUIOYTSYVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lambda1-selanylpotassium Chemical compound [K].[Se] QCLSUIOYTSYVNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
- C09K17/06—Calcium compounds, e.g. lime
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring acidified and degraded soil of
economic forests, which comprises the following steps: Si, deeply plough the acidified
and degraded soil of the economic forest to be restored to 50-80 cm away from the
surface to form the plough layer; S2, 20-23 days later, plough the acidified and degraded
soil of the economic forest again to 45-55 cm away from the surface, reclaim the
acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest by 50 cm, dig and expose the deep
soil; S3, sow the acidified and degraded soil conditioner and the improved compound
fertilizers to the economic forest, and mix it with the ploughed soil; wherein the dosage
of the acidified and degraded soil conditioner of the economic forest is 255-285 kg/mu,
and 3,100-4,800 kg/mu for the improved compound fertilizer, with calcium carbonate
and calcium hydroxide for minimizing the reacidification and the improved compound
fertilizer for improving the organic content in the soil. As a result, the selenium content
of economic forests can be enhanced from all aspects, which can in turn improve the
quality and yield of economic forests.
Description
Method for Restoring Acidified and Degraded Soil of Economic Forest
The invention relates to the technical field of acidified and degraded soil restoration, in particular to an economic forest acidified and degraded soil restoration method.
The economic forest, also known as "special-purpose forest", is a forest with the main purpose of producing fruit, edible oil, industrial raw materials and medicinal materials. According to the different utilization positions of the wood, the forest can be roughly divided into:(l) woody oil forest using seeds as oil pressing raw materials, such as Camellia oleifera, olive tree and walnut tree;(2) tea forest and mulberry forest using leaves as raw materials;(3) fiber forest and cork forest using bark as raw materials, such as paper mulberry and cork oak;(4) forest using branches as weaving raw materials, such as twigs of the chaste tree and willows;(5) rubber forest and lacquer tree using tree liquid. The high-value conomic forest is usually under intensive management, and is an important measure to develop mountain area and make rational use of natural resources.
The rapid development of economic forest industry not only effectively improves the ecological environment, but also plays a very important role in effectively increasing farmers' income, revitalizing economy, flourishing urban and rural markets, optimizing food structure and promoting social stability.
Soil is the dominant factor among the ecological factors affecting the distribution of economic forests, which has important influence on the growth and distribution of economic forests. In recent years, the growing soil acidification in economic forest has greatly influenced the good growth of economic forests. Soil acidification is an expression form of soil degradation, which refers to a natural phenomenon that soil acidity increases and becomes strongly acidic or strongly acidic. At present, the soil acidification trend of the economic forest has become more and more severe, and it's common to notice the acidification of a large amount of land. However, the soil acidification can cause the reduction of the nutrient utilization rate and the increase of harmful bacteria in the soil, and directly influence the yield and the quality of the economic forest.
The traditional method for acid soil improvement is to spread lime or limestone powder alone, and the application of the lime can obviously reduce the acidity of the acid soil, but sometimes reacidification may be enhanced. In the market, there are also some acid soil composite conditioners, with the main component being the mixture of lime and some minerals or industrial by-products, but most of these conditioners contain a certain amount of toxic metal elements, such as lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium, which may pollute the soil environment. Till now, the acid conditioners have only one single function, and the traditional manure collection mode is adopted aiming at enhancing the soil fertility; during the manure collectionprocess, organic substances and nitrogen elements in the manure content are gradually and severely lost. If such loss can not be improved, the fertility will be severely damaged and result in lower yield and quality of the economic forests.
On the basis of the problems existing in the restoration of the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forests, it's urgently needed to provide a method capable of improving the organic matter content of the soil and the quality and the yield of the economic forests.
The invention aims to provide an economic forest acidified and degraded soil restoration method so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for restoring acidified and degraded soil of economic forest, which comprises the following steps:
Si: Deeply plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to be restored to 50-80 cm away from the surface to form plough layers;
S2: About 20-23 days later, plough the economic forest acidified and degraded soil to 45-55 cm away from the surface again, reclaim the economic forest acidified and degraded soil by 50 cm, dig and expose the deep soil;
S3: Apply and sow the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner and the improved compound fertilizer, and mix them with the ploughed soil;
The usage amount of the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner is 255-285 kg/mu, and the usage amount of the modified compound fertilizer is 3,100 4,800 kg/mu.
Further, the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner includes calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide.
Further, the improved compound fertilizer is formed by mixing biogas fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and polypotassium selenium phosphate compound fertilizer.
Further, the method for preparingg the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
Respectively grind calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, wherein the fineness of the calcium carbonate and the calcium hydroxide is required to be 95% when passing through 45-mesh sieve to obtain ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder;
Fully mix the ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to prepare the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner.
Further, the method for prepaidg the biogas fertilizer comprises the following steps: put waste straws and animal excrement into a biogas pool as original materials, and prepare the biogas fertilizer by using anaerobic fermentation residues.
After the domestic organic wastes are fermented by methane, carbon elements contained in the domestic organic wastes can be converted into methane to be utilized as energy sources, nitrogen elements can be fermented into ammonium nitrogen and protein nitrogen to be stored as nitrogen fertilizers, and on the other hand, trace elements such as phosphorus and potassium will also be enriched in the fermentation, and the trace elements are essential elements for crop growth, so that the domestic organic wastes are very beneficial to plant absorption. Meanwhile, humic acid and ammonium nitrogen in the biogas fertilizer are fast-effective fertilizers, and can be rapidly decomposed after entering the soil so as to increase the fertilizer efficiency.
Methane fermentation residue is an ideal organic fertilizer, and long-term application of this fertilizer in economic forests plays a very important role in establishing high yield and stable-yield economic trees, improving soil and cultivating soil fertility.
Further, the process of preparing the improved compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolve the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer into a biogas fermentation broth at the dosage ratio of 0.56 mg/kg of the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer; then stack the dissolved biogas fermentation broth and organic garbage or soil into a plurality of layers, wherein the height of each layer is 40 cm; cover and add a layer of organic wastes or soil with the same thickness to form a round fertilizer pile; 25 days later, form the biogas humic fertilizer; and add the chemical fertilizer into the fertilizer pile at the dosage ratio of 1:120 of the chemical fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to generate the improved compound fertilizer.
Further, the chemical fertilizer is ammonium fertilizer, calcium phosphate fertilizer or ammonium sulfate and calcium superphosphate compound fertilizer.
Further, the method for preparingg the polypotassium selenium phosphate compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Add selenium powder with purity of 99.999% into a reactor to react with 28% nitric acid, then concentrate, filter, dry and thermally decompose the product to obtain selenium dioxide;
Then dissolve it in water to obtain selenous acid, weigh potassium carbonate powder and 87% phosphoric acid at the molar ratio of 1.4:1, dissolve potassium carbonate in purified water at the ratio of 1:1.5, slowly add phosphoric acid while stirring to carry out neutralization reaction, then dehydrate, dry, and generate potassium polyphosphate at 400°C;
Weigh selenium dioxide and potassium polyphosphate at the molar ratio of 1.5:1, hydrolyze the selenium dioxide into selenous acid to obtain selenous acid with the concentration of 0.25 g/ml, then slowly add the potassium polyphosphate into the selenous acid for chemical reaction, keep stirring in the reaction process, and finally dehydrate, deacidify and compound them at 260-280°C to obtain the potassium selenite polyphosphate compound fertilizer.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. The reacidification can be reduced by adopting calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide. In addition to treating both symptoms and root causes, it does not contain industrial byproducts in raw materials, therefore, no toxic metal elements will be introduced to pollute soil;
2. By adopting the biogas fertilizer in the improved compound fertilizer mentioned in the invention, the biogas fertilizer can advance the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by the economic forest soil, improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, increase the organic matter content of the soil, and accumulate the contents of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, fast-effective phosphorus and fast-effective potassium, as a result, the yield of the economic forest doubles several times; the combined application with chemical fertilizer can achieve better performance;
3. The selenium content of the economic forest can be comprehensively and thoroughly improved by improving the potassium selenite polyphosphate compound fertilizer in the compound fertilizer, so that the potassium selenite polyphosphate compound fertilizer can be well absorbed by the economic forest, and the application mode is very simple and convenient.
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail, which is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather is to be construed as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The invention relates to a method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil, which comprises the following steps:
Si: Deeply plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to be restored to 50cm away from the surface to form the plough layer;
S2: About 20 days later, plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to 45 cm away from the surface again, reclaim the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest by 50 cm, dig and expose the deep soil;
S3: Apply and sow economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner and the improved compound fertilizer and mix them with the ploughed soil;
The method for preparing the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
Respectively grind calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, wherein the fineness of the calcium carbonate and the calcium hydroxide is required to be 95% when passing through 45-mesh sieve to obtain ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder;
Fully mix the ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to prepare the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner.
The pH value of the cultivated soil can be increased from the extremely acidic condition (4.0) to the range (6.0-6.5) suitable for crop growth 30 days after applying the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner mentioned in the embodiment.
The process of preparing the improved compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolve the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer into a biogas fermentation broth at the dosage ratio of 0.56 mg/kg of the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer; then stack the dissolved biogas fermentation broth and organic garbage or soil into a plurality of layers, wherein the height of each layer is 40 cm; cover and add a layer of organic wastes or soil with the same thickness to form a round fertilizer pile; 25 days later, form the biogas humic fertilizer; and add the chemical fertilizer into the fertilizer pile at the dosage ratio of 1:120 of the chemical fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to generate the improved compound fertilizer;
Wherein the chemical fertilizer is ammonium fertilizer, calcium phosphate fertilizer or ammonium sulfate and calcium superphosphate compound fertilizer;
The method for preparing the biogas fertilizer comprises the following steps: put waste straws and animal excrement into a biogas pool as original materials, and
prepare the biogas fertilizer by using anaerobic fermentation residues.
The method for preparing the polypotassium selenium phosphate compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Add selenium powder with purity of 99.999% into a reactor to react with 28% nitric acid, then concentrate, filter, dry and thermally decompose the product to obtain selenium dioxide;
Then dissolve it in water to obtain selenous acid, weigh potassium carbonate powder and 87% phosphoric acid at the molar ratio of 1.4:1, dissolve potassium carbonate in purified water at the ratio of 1:1.5, slowly add phosphoric acid while stirring to carry out neutralization reaction, then dehydrate, dry, and generate
potassium polyphosphate at 400°C;
Weigh selenium dioxide and potassium polyphosphate at the molar ratio of 1.5:1, hydrolyze the selenium dioxide into selenous acid to obtain selenous acid with the concentration of 0.25 g/ml, then slowly add the potassium polyphosphate into the selenous acid for chemical reaction, keep stirring in the reaction process, and finally dehydrate, deacidify and compound them at 260°C to obtain the potassium selenite
polyphosphate compound fertilizer.
The usage amount of the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner is 255 kg/mu, and the usage amount of the modified compound fertilizer is 3,100 kg/mu.
Embodiment 2
The invention relates to a method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil, which comprises the following steps:
SI: Deeply plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to be restored to 50cm away from the surface to form the plough layer;
S2: About 20 days later, plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to 45 cm away from the surface again, reclaim the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest by 50 cm, dig and expose the deep soil;
S3: Apply and sow economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner and the improved compound fertilizer and mix them with the ploughed soil;
The method for preparing the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
Respectively grind calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, wherein the fineness of the calcium carbonate and the calcium hydroxide is required to be 95% when passing through 45-mesh sieve to obtain ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder;
Fully mix the ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to prepare the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner.
The pH value of the cultivated soil can be increased from the extremely acidic condition (4.0) to the range (6.0-6.5) suitable for crop growth 30 days after applying the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner mentioned in the embodiment
The process of preparing the improved compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolve the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer into a biogas fermentation broth at the dosage ratio of 0.56 mg/kg of the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer; then stack the dissolved biogas fermentation broth and organic garbage or soil into a plurality of layers, wherein the height of each layer is 40 cm; cover and add a layer of organic wastes or soil with the same thickness to form a round fertilizer pile; 25 days later, form the biogas humic fertilizer; and add the chemical fertilizer into the fertilizer pile at the dosage ratio of 1:120 of the chemical fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to generate the improved compound fertilizer;
Wherein the chemical fertilizer is ammonium fertilizer, calcium phosphate fertilizer or ammonium sulfate and calcium superphosphate compound fertilizer;
The method for preparing the biogas fertilizer comprises the following steps: put waste straws and animal excrement into a biogas pool as original materials, and prepare the biogas fertilizer by using anaerobic fermentation residues.
The method for preparing the polypotassium selenium phosphate compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Add selenium powder with purity of 99.999% into a reactor to react with 28% nitric acid, then concentrate, filter, dry and thermally decompose the product to obtain selenium dioxide;
Then dissolve it in water to obtain selenous acid, weigh potassium carbonate powder and 87% phosphoric acid at the molar ratio of 1.4:1, dissolve potassium carbonate in purified water at the ratio of 1:1.5, slowly add phosphoric acid while stirring to carry out neutralization reaction, then dehydrate, dry, and generate potassium polyphosphate at 400°C;
Weigh selenium dioxide and potassium polyphosphate at the molar ratio of 1.5:1, hydrolyze the selenium dioxide into selenous acid to obtain selenous acid with the concentration of 0.25 g/ml, then slowly add the potassium polyphosphate into the selenous acid for chemical reaction, keep stirring in the reaction process, and finally dehydrate, deacidify and compound them at 280°C to obtain the potassium selenite
polyphosphate compound fertilizer.
The usage amount of the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner is 285 kg/mu, and the usage amount of the modified compound fertilizer is 4,800 kg/mu.
When preparing the improved compound fertilizer according to this invention, the biogas humic phosphate fertilizer can be prepared by adding the calcium phosphate fertilizer into each cubic meter of the biogas humic fertilizer; meanwhile, if a proper amount of ammonium fertilizer is added 3-4 days before use, the biogas humic ammonium fertilizer can be prepared; and when different biogas humic fertilizers are applied to different soil conditions, unexpected yield increasing effects can be achieved.
The selenium-potassium polyphosphate compound fertilizer can be adopted since selenium has the better effect on the yield increasing of economic trees, ranking No.1 in terms of the comprehensive evaluation.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements thereof made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the design of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
Si: Deeply plough the acidified and degraded soil of the economic forest to be restored to 50-80 cm away from the surface to form the plough layer;
S2:About 20-23 days later, plough the economic forest acidified and degraded soil to 45-55 cm away from the surface again, reclaim the economic forest acidified and degraded soil by 50 cm, dig and expose the deep soil;
S3: Apply and sow economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner and the improved compound fertilizer and mix them with the ploughed soil;
The usage amount of the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner is 255-285 kg/mu, and the usage amount of the modified compound fertilizer is 3,100 4,800 kg/mu.
2. The method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner comprises calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide.
3. The method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that the improved compound fertilizer is prepared by mixing biogas fertilizer, fertilizer and polypotassium selenium phosphate compound fertilizer.
4. The method for restoring economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for preparing the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
Respectively grind calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, wherein the fineness of the calcium carbonate and the calcium hydroxide is required to be 95% when passing through 45-mesh sieve to obtain ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder;
Fully mix the ground calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide powder according to the weight ratio of 5:1 to prepare the economic forest acidified and degraded soil conditioner.
5. The method for restoring the economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 3, which is characterized in that the method for preparing the biogas fertilizer comprises the following steps: put waste straws and animal excrement into a biogas pool as original materials, and prepare the biogas pool by using anaerobic fermentation residues.
6. The method for restoring the economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that The process of preparing the improved compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolve the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer into a biogas fermentation broth at the dosage ratio of 0.56 mg/kg of the polypotassium selenite compound fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer; then stack the dissolved biogas fermentation broth and organic garbage or soil into a plurality of layers, wherein the height of each layer is 40 cm; cover and add a layer of organic wastes or soil with the same thickness to form a round fertilizer pile; 25 days later, form the biogas humic fertilizer; and add the chemical fertilizer into the fertilizer pile at the dosage ratio of 1:120 of the chemical fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to the biogas fertilizer to generate the improved compound fertilizer.
7. The method for restoring the economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 3, which is characterized in that the fertilizer is ammonium fertilizer, calcium phosphate fertilizer or ammonium sulfate and calcium superphosphate compound fertilizer.
8. The method for restoring the economic forest acidified and degraded soil according to Claim 3, which is characterized in that the method for preparing the potassium selenite polyphosphate compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
Add selenium powder with purity of 99.999% into a reactor to react with 28% nitric acid, then concentrate, filter, dry and thermally decompose the product to obtain selenium dioxide;
Then dissolve it in water to obtain selenous acid, weigh potassium carbonate powder and 87% phosphoric acid at the molar ratio of 1.4:1, dissolve potassium carbonate in purified water at the ratio of 1:1.5, slowly add phosphoric acid while stirring to carry out neutralization reaction, then dehydrate, dry, and generate potassium polyphosphate at 400°C;
Weigh selenium dioxide and potassium polyphosphate at the molar ratio of 1.5:1, hydrolyze the selenium dioxide into selenous acid to obtain selenous acid with the concentration of 0.25 g/ml, then slowly add the potassium polyphosphate into the selenous acid for chemical reaction, keep stirring in the reaction process, and finally
dehydrate, deacidify and compound them at 260-280°C to obtain the potassium
selenite polyphosphate compound fertilizer.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115156279A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-11 | 同济大学 | Method for killing iron-sulfur oxidizing bacteria in pyrite mountain acidic soil by utilizing biogas slurry and rebuilding mine soil microbial population |
CN115529880A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Method for recovering slag mountain vegetation in alpine mining area |
CN116580308A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | Monitoring method and monitoring device for soil remediation |
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2020
- 2020-11-27 AU AU2020103729A patent/AU2020103729A4/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115156279A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-10-11 | 同济大学 | Method for killing iron-sulfur oxidizing bacteria in pyrite mountain acidic soil by utilizing biogas slurry and rebuilding mine soil microbial population |
CN115156279B (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2023-08-04 | 同济大学 | Method for killing iron sulfur oxidizing bacteria in pyrite mountain acid soil by utilizing biogas slurry and reconstructing mine soil microorganism population |
CN115529880A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Method for recovering slag mountain vegetation in alpine mining area |
CN115529880B (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-03-31 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Method for recovering slag mountain vegetation in alpine mining area |
CN116580308A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 中交天航环保工程有限公司 | Monitoring method and monitoring device for soil remediation |
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