CN105638219A - Cultivation method for increasing yield of alfalfa by means of biological inoculation agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for increasing the yield of alfalfa by means of a biological inoculation agent. Firstly, good phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and nodule bacteria screened from alfalfa roots at the early stage are used for making the novel special inoculating agent for the alfalfa roots; secondly, during seeding in spring, the special inoculation agent and alfalfa seeds are mixed and stirred, seeding is performed immediately after seed stirring, superphosphate is applied at a time as basic fertilizer, and the applying amount of superphosphate is the using amount 175 kg/hm<2> of phosphate fertilizer; during seeding, seeding is performed in strips, the line spacing is 25 cm, the ridge width is 25 cm, seeding depth is 1.5 cm, and the seeding amount is 20 kg/hm<2>; finally, no topdressing is performed in various growth periods of alfalfa, it is suitable that the water condition meets the requirement of growth of alfalfa, and conventional cultivation in field is performed. Early nodulation and more nodules of alfalfa can be promoted by means of the cultivation method, the nitrogen fixation amount is increased, the emergency rate of seedlings of alfalfa in the first year and the later-stage biological yield are increased, the using amount of fertilizer can be reduced, and green and ecological planting is achieved.

Description

A kind of cultural method utilizing bacterization agent to improve alfalfa output

Technical field

The present invention relates to alfalfa cultivation field, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method utilizing bacterization agent to improve alfalfa output.

Background technology

Alfalfa is excellent Perennial legume forages, in long cultivation history, enjoys the good reputation of " King of Pasture " for a long time with the effect of its uniqueness and function. Both can provide high-quality protein feed for domestic animal, fixed nitrogen process improvement soil, culture fertility can be passed through again. In recent years, layout again along with the development of Shanxi Province's animal husbandry and industry, alfalfa effect in agricultural and animal husbandry is increasing, it is leguminous forage first-selected in grass farm development, therefore, sets up alfalfa production system efficient, high yield, high-quality, it it is the key promoting Shanxi Modern Animal Husbandry sustainable development, wherein, set up efficient, one of high yield, the most important method of fine quality production system, be to Inoculation On Medicago Sativa beneficial microbe.

Plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe refers to lives in soil or the class in plant rhizosphere of growing nonparasitically upon another plant can promote the useful mushroom of plant growing, the nitrogen (i.e. biological nitrogen fixation) in fixing air or phosphorus element (i.e. biological molten phosphorus) that directly can not be absorbed by plant in dissolving soil can be passed through or generation auxin stimulates plant growing to strengthen its ability absorbing mineral nutrition and moisture, thus promoting plant growing, part bacterial strain also can effectively suppress breeding and the propagation of original inhabitants pathogen. At present, utilize bacterization agent that beneficial microbe makes or bio-bacterial manure that the aspects such as crop yield, quality improving and disease control are had notable positive interaction, therefore, utilizing the Inoculant that probiotics is developed is integrate growth-promoting, diseases prevention " environmentally friendly " Inoculant, is the desirable fertilizer of Development of Green Food and the ecological agriculture.

Inoculation external source rhizobium melioti is the effective measures improving alfalfa output, culture fertility. The P elements having more than 95% in China's soil can not be directly utilized by plant, and the dross of Herba Medicaginis and fixed nitrogen be unable to do without phosphorus element. Research confirms, when phosphobacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria combined growth, the phosphate solubilization playing phosphobacteria is highly beneficial, contribute to the formation of Determination of Water Soluble Phosphorus in Soil, Herba Medicaginis inoculates phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and root nodule bacteria are possible not only to culture fertility, alfalfa output can also be significantly improved, be Herba Medicaginis No-harmful apple orchard, reduce chemical fertilizer input amount and the direction of microbial resources orientation utilization development.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method utilizing bacterization agent to improve alfalfa output, Herba Medicaginis early dross, many drosses can be promoted and increase amount of nitrogen fixation, improve emergence rate and the later stage biological yield of seedling in alfalfa First Year, and chemical fertilizer input amount can be reduced, it is achieved green ecological is planted.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of cultural method utilizing bacterization agent to improve alfalfa output, comprises the steps:

S1, selection breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety;

S2, root nodule bacteria bacterium solution preparation: activation host plant is phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and the root nodule bacteria of Herba Medicaginis, and wherein, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria strain is Jm170 and Jm92; Root nodule bacteria strain is S7, is all cultured to bacterium solution OD₆₀₀Value is 0.5��0.8, standby;

S3, Inoculant make: selections peat is carrier, select Gypsum Fibrosum or Calx adjustment pH value to after 6.5��7.0, by 55g every bottle subpackage, continuous sterilization 1h at 120 DEG C, pours in aseptic valve bag respectively; Then it is inoculated in valve bag with the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria suspension 5mL of aseptic straw aspiration step S2 gained, root nodule bacteria suspension 5mL, seals immediately, rock valve bag and bacterium solution and carrier are fully mixed; Then aseptically pricking several apertures with sterilizing pin in the central authorities of valve bag, prick valve bag overcoat one valve bag again behind hole, and prick several apertures in the surrounding of outer layer valve bag, after being subsequently placed at 28 DEG C to cultivate 8d, obtain Inoculant, room temperature preserves;

S4, seed dressing: sow immediately after being mixed homogeneously by the Inoculant of alfalfa seed with step S3 gained, wherein, Inoculant consumption is 7.5kg/hm², seed consumption is 20kg/hm²;

S5, sowing ground prepare: need before broadcasting finely wholely, remove weeds, and deep plough 25-30cm, and without obvious clod, upper Panasonic is real, to ensure that seed and soil are fully contacted, improve emergence rate;

S6, basal dressing: by 175kg/hm²Amount calcium superphosphate is applied as base manure is disposable;

S7, sowing: sow in the first tenday period of a month in May, adopt drilling, and application rate is 20kg/hm², line-spacing is 25cm, ridge width 25cm, seed level 1.5cm, after planting suppression of soil;

S8, field management: do not topdress in each period of duration, water regime is advisable to meet alfalfa growing, carries out field normal irrigation;

S19, cradling: spring sowing alfalfa 2 times then, Second Year starts to gather in 3 times; First batch cradles to budding the Sheng phase to initial bloom stage harvesting the best, and the height for the stubble left is 4-6cm; Cradling for the last time and should carry out in mid-September, the height for the stubble left is 7-10cm, is beneficial to survive the winter and next year high yield.

Wherein, effective P in described calcium superphosphate₂O₅Content >=14%.

The method have the advantages that

Herba Medicaginis early dross, many drosses can be promoted and increase amount of nitrogen fixation, improving emergence rate and the later stage biological yield of seedling in alfalfa First Year, and chemical fertilizer input amount can be reduced, it is achieved green ecological is planted.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to make objects and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated. Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Place: Dong Wang village village of Shui Bosi township, Datong City of Shanxi Province, height above sea level 1050m, average annual rainfall is 370��460mm, and evaporation capacity is 1876mm, and the violent evaporation phase, average temperature of the whole year was 7.0 DEG C, frost-free period 138d in spring and autumn.

1. select breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety, such as huge energy salt tolerant, huge energy 2, middle lucerne 1 etc.;

2. root nodule bacteria bacterium solution preparation: activation host plant is phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and the root nodule bacteria of Herba Medicaginis, and wherein, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria strain is Jm170 and Jm92; Root nodule bacteria strain is S7, is all cultured to bacterium solution OD₆₀₀Value is 0.5��0.8, standby;

3. Inoculant makes: selections peat is carrier, and adjustment pH value is to after 6.5��7.0, by 55g every bottle subpackage, continuous sterilization 1h at 120 DEG C, pours in aseptic valve bag respectively; Then it is inoculated in valve bag with the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria suspension 5mL of aseptic straw aspiration step S2 gained, root nodule bacteria suspension 5mL, seals immediately, bacterium solution and carrier are fully mixed; Then aseptically pricking several apertures with sterilizing pin in the central authorities of valve bag, prick valve bag overcoat one valve bag again behind hole, and prick several apertures in the surrounding of outer layer valve bag, after being subsequently placed at 28 DEG C to cultivate 8d, obtain Inoculant, room temperature preserves;

4. seed dressing: alfalfa seed is mixed homogeneously with the Inoculant made, sows immediately after seed dressing.

5. sowing ground prepares: need before broadcasting finely wholely, removes weeds, and deep plough 25-30cm, and without obvious clod, upper Panasonic is real, to ensure that seed and soil are fully contacted, improves emergence rate.

6 basal dressings: calcium superphosphate (effective P₂O₅Content >=14%, 175kg/hm²) apply as base manure is disposable.

7. sowing: sow in the first tenday period of a month in May, adopts drilling, and application rate is 20kg/hm², line-spacing is 25cm, ridge width 25cm, seed level 1.5cm, after planting suppression of soil.

8. field management: do not topdress in each period of duration, water regime is advisable to meet alfalfa growing, carries out field normal irrigation.

9. cradle: spring sowing alfalfa then can 2 times, Second Year starts to gather in 3 times; First batch cradles to budding the Sheng phase to initial bloom stage harvesting the best, and the height for the stubble left is 4-6cm; Cradling for the last time and within 15th, should carry out in JIUYUE, the height for the stubble left is 7-10cm, is beneficial to survive the winter and next year high yield.

Embodiment 2

Place: Huairen County, city of Xinzhou Shanxi hair soap, height above sea level 1070m, average annual rainfall is 350��470mm, and evaporation capacity is 1800mm, and the violent evaporation phase, average temperature of the whole year was 7.3 DEG C, frost-free period 135d in spring and autumn.

1. select breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety, such as huge energy salt tolerant, huge energy 2, middle lucerne 1 etc.

2. root nodule bacteria bacterium solution preparation: activation host plant is phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and the root nodule bacteria of Herba Medicaginis, and wherein, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria strain is Jm170 and Jm92; Root nodule bacteria strain is S7, is all cultured to bacterium solution OD₆₀₀Value is 0.5��0.8, standby.

3. Inoculant makes: selections peat is carrier, and adjustment pH value is to after 6.5��7.0, by 55g every bottle subpackage, continuous sterilization 1h at 120 DEG C, pours in aseptic valve bag respectively; Then it is inoculated in valve bag with the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria suspension 5mL of aseptic straw aspiration step S2 gained, root nodule bacteria suspension 5mL, seals immediately, bacterium solution and carrier are fully mixed; Then aseptically pricking several apertures with sterilizing pin in the central authorities of valve bag, prick valve bag overcoat one valve bag again behind hole, and prick several apertures in the surrounding of outer layer valve bag, after being subsequently placed at 28 DEG C to cultivate 8d, obtain Inoculant, room temperature preserves;

4. seed dressing: alfalfa seed is mixed homogeneously with the Inoculant made, sows immediately after seed dressing.

5. sowing ground prepares: need before broadcasting finely wholely, removes weeds, and deep plough 25-30cm, and without obvious clod, upper Panasonic is real, to ensure that seed and soil are fully contacted, improves emergence rate.

6 basal dressings: calcium superphosphate (effective P₂O₅Content >=14%, 175kg/hm²) apply as base manure is disposable.

7. sowing: sow in the first tenday period of a month in May, adopts drilling, and application rate is 20kg/hm², line-spacing is 25cm, ridge width 25cm, seed level 1.5cm, after planting suppression of soil.

8. field management: do not topdress in each period of duration, water regime is advisable to meet alfalfa growing, carries out field normal irrigation.

9. cradle: spring sowing alfalfa then can 2 times, Second Year starts to gather in 3 times; First batch cradles to budding the Sheng phase to initial bloom stage harvesting the best, and the height for the stubble left is 4-6cm; Cradling for the last time and within 18th, should carry out in JIUYUE, the height for the stubble left is 7-10cm, is beneficial to survive the winter and next year high yield

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. one kind utilizes the cultural method that bacterization agent improves alfalfa output, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:

S1, selection breeding: select drought resisting, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, suitable local high-yield variety;

S2, root nodule bacteria bacterium solution preparation: activation host plant is phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and the root nodule bacteria of Herba Medicaginis, and wherein, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria strain is Jm170 and Jm92; Root nodule bacteria strain is S7, is all cultured to bacterium solution OD₆₀₀Value is 0.5��0.8, standby;

S3, Inoculant make: selections peat is carrier, select Gypsum Fibrosum or Calx adjustment pH value to after 6.5��7.0, by 55g every bottle subpackage, continuous sterilization 1h at 120 DEG C, pours in aseptic valve bag respectively; Then it is inoculated in valve bag with the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria suspension 5mL of aseptic straw aspiration step S2 gained, root nodule bacteria suspension 5mL, seals immediately, rock valve bag and bacterium solution and carrier are fully mixed; Then aseptically pricking several apertures with sterilizing pin in the central authorities of valve bag, prick valve bag overcoat one valve bag again behind hole, and prick several apertures in the surrounding of outer layer valve bag, after being subsequently placed at 28 DEG C to cultivate 8d, obtain Inoculant, room temperature preserves;

S4, seed dressing: sow immediately after being mixed homogeneously by the Inoculant of alfalfa seed with step S3 gained, wherein, Inoculant consumption is 7.5kg/hm², seed consumption is 20kg/hm²;

S5, sowing ground prepare: need before broadcasting finely wholely, remove weeds, and deep plough 25-30cm, and without obvious clod, upper Panasonic is real, to ensure that seed and soil are fully contacted, improve emergence rate;

S6, basal dressing: by 175kg/hm²Amount calcium superphosphate is applied as base manure is disposable;

S7, sowing: sow in the first tenday period of a month in May, adopt drilling, and application rate is 20kg/hm², line-spacing is 25cm, ridge width 25cm, seed level 1.5cm, after planting suppression of soil;

S8, field management: do not topdress in each period of duration, water regime is advisable to meet alfalfa growing, carries out field normal irrigation;

S19, cradling: spring sowing alfalfa 2 times then, Second Year starts to gather in 3 times; First batch cradles to budding the Sheng phase to initial bloom stage harvesting the best, and the height for the stubble left is 4-6cm; Cradling for the last time and should carry out in mid-September, the height for the stubble left is 7-10cm, is beneficial to survive the winter and next year high yield.

2. a kind of cultural method utilizing bacterization agent to improve alfalfa output according to claim 1, it is characterised in that effective P in described calcium superphosphate₂0₅Content >=14%.