CN105594453A - Lucid ganoderma cultivation method - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105594453A CN105594453A CN201510957570.4A CN201510957570A CN105594453A CN 105594453 A CN105594453 A CN 105594453A CN 201510957570 A CN201510957570 A CN 201510957570A CN 105594453 A CN105594453 A CN 105594453A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention provides a lucid ganoderma cultivation method. The lucid ganoderma cultivation method comprises the steps of strain selection, cultivation material preparation, trace element adding, cultivation and the like. By means of the lucid ganoderma cultivation method, on the basis that the cost is reduced, the problems of low spawn emergence rate, small emergent lucid ganoderma amount, a rotten substrate bag disease occurred in a later period of spawn running, likely infectious microbe production and abnormally growing entities are solved, and high-quality lucid ganoderma can be efficiently and intensively produced in a large-scale mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural glossy ganoderma and transform artificial planting technique field, the specifically glossy ganoderma of high-micro-element trainingEducate method.
Background technology
Ganoderma Basidiomycetes Aphyllophorales, Polyporaceae, glossy ganoderma subfamily, Ganoderma. Its another name has: redSesame, red sesame, purple sesame, Ganoderma Lucidum, be commonly called as lucid ganoderma. Main containing organic germanium, there is the body function generation of promotionThe effect of thanking, delaying senility. Except for medicine (having the effects such as nourishing, strong, anti-inflammatory, diuresis, stomach invigorating), alsoSoak glossy ganoderma for the health-care additive of superior cosmetics, with wine, long-term drinking also can be received the merit delaying senilityEffect. Along with improving constantly of expanding economy and people's living standard, exploitation glossy ganoderma Resources Prospect is wide.
Existing market produces glossy ganoderma for health products, and classification by product is roughly divided three classes, that is: antitumor class; Glossy ganodermaTeas; Lucid ganoderma complex class.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, is to provide a kind of glossy ganoderma breeding method, and application the method is cultivated glossy ganoderma should energyEnough mass-produce high-quality glossy ganoderma efficient, intensively, described in comprise the steps:
(1) select bacterial classification;
(2) prepare planting material: according to mass ratio, mix following component: pine wood chip 40～50%, seawood meal3～10%, peanut shell 10～18%, potato starch 6～15%, beancake powder 4～10%, wheat bran (rice bran) 5～10%,Glucose 1～2%, calcium superphosphate 1～3%, gypsum 1～2%;
Mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.7～1.2, controls planting material water content 50～60%;
(3) after planting material sterilizing, add containing micro-solution, in described solution, contain concentration and be respectivelyThe organic germanium of the lanthanum of 100～200mg/L, the selenium of 100～200mg/L and 100～200mg/L;
(4) access bacterial classification, cultivates.
In the glossy ganoderma breeding method of the invention described above, described planting material preferably by following component according to mass ratioMix: pine wood chip 45%, seawood meal 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%,Wheat bran (rice bran) 8%, glucose 2%, calcium superphosphate 3%, gypsum 2%. Certainly the technology people of this area,Member should be appreciated that and above-mentioned the restriction of content also comprised to the acceptance to error in zone of reasonableness.
In the glossy ganoderma breeding method of the invention described above, described in described step (3) and solution, contain mixedClose micro-solution, preferably 80～120mg/L of la concn wherein, most preferably 100mg/L; Lanthanum source is excellentElect example but be not limited to La (NO3)3. Preferably 80～120mg/L of selenium concentration wherein, most preferably 100mg/L;Selenium source preferable examples but be not limited to Na2SeO3. Preferably 80～120mg/L of organic germanium concentration wherein, most preferably100mg/L; Can give an example but be not limited to GeO in germanium source2。
In the glossy ganoderma breeding method of the invention described above, the condition of culture of described step (4) preferably includes: temperatureDegree remains on 25～27 DEG C, and relative humidity is 80～90%.
Further, in the glossy ganoderma breeding method of the invention described above, the pouring water in described step (4)Prepare by following method: (1) moyashi grinds, add boiling tap water 30 minutes according to 10L/kg,Be cooled to room temperature, filter to obtain storing solution; (2), while use, in the storing solution of step (1), add 8～12 timesThe water of volume, mixes and obtains pouring water.
Further preferred embodiment in, in glossy ganoderma breeding method of the present invention in step (4)Incubation comprise the step of pouring, pouring adopts the conventional spraying pouring mode in this area, pouring water is logicalCross following method preparation: (1) moyashi grinds, and adds boiling tap water 30 minutes according to 10L/kg, coldBut to room temperature, after filtering, in filtrate, add pectase, the addition of pectase is counted by moyashi quality1～3mg/100g; Preferably 2mg/100g. ; (2), while use, in the storing solution of step (1), add 8～12The water of times volume, mixes and obtains pouring water.
To sum up, the present invention is reducing on cost basis, and it is low that we have solved plating efficiency, goes out sesame few, sends out after bacteriumThere is rotten cylinder in the phase, and easily produces miscellaneous bacteria, the long lopsided problem of entity. According to proportioning of the present invention, canStandardization, produces high-quality on a large scale, containing enriching active material and micro-glossy ganoderma. Promote agriculturalPositive effect has been played in plantation.
Detailed description of the invention
Following non-limiting example is the further instruction of doing for understanding the present invention, not should be understood toTo the restriction of content arbitrary form of the present invention;
If no special instructions, embodiment of the present invention part adopts following general operation:
A. select bacterial classification: selected bacterial classification 210 strains are 7 groups at random, are respectively used to the embodiment of the present invention 1～7,Every group of three Duplicate Samples.
Method and the standard of selecting excellent species are: bacterial classification is directly connected to the height of yield rate, the output of glossy ganodermaAnd quality. Have that growth is fast, reproductive capacity is strong, tolerance is strong, and antipollution, antiphagin ability are strong, and heredity is specialProperty is stablized. Good bacterial standard: 1. purity is high; 2. smell just; 3. form is good; 4. bacterium is of the right age. Good bacteriumKind show white mycelium, dense, sturdy strong, aerial hyphae prosperity, climbs wall energy power strong, does not secrete pigment;Mycelial growth rate is fast, within 6～7 days, can cover with test-tube culture medium inclined-plane 25 DEG C of left and right.
B. prepare planting material:
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran (rice bran) 8%, glucose 2%,Calcium superphosphate 3%, gypsum 2%
Mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic planting material, water content 55%;
Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting steam sterilizing into.
The method of planting material steam sterilizing processing is: by its bacterium bag carry out HTHP (1.06kg/cm2 or0.1MPa, 121 DEG C) steam sterilizing processing, start to strive for to reach 121 DEG C in 4～5 hours, make its packaging bag protuberance,Steady fire keeps constant temperature to maintain 18～20 hours, and last fast heating 30 minutes, waits for 3～4 hours effective sterilizingsFinish.
C. preparation contains micro-solution I: take appropriate lanthanum nitrate (LA (NO3)3·6H2O), sodium selenite(Na2SeO3) and germanium dioxide (GeO2), dissolved solution is prepared solution I in deionized water, makes moltenThe quality percentage composition of lanthanum, selenium and germanium in liquid I is 100mg/L.
D. preparation pouring water i: choose 5kg coring and physically well develop, without rotten, the good moyashi of rotten sharp growing wayGrind, add running water 50L and boil 30 minutes, be cooled to room temperature, filter to obtain storing solution i, placed permanentIn incubator, sealing is preserved; When use, in storing solution, add the water of 10 times of volumes, mix and obtain pouring and useWater i.
E. prepare irrigation water ii: get the prepared moyashi storing solution of the aforesaid operations d i of 1/2 volume, addEnter 5mg pectase, after uniform stirring, static depositing 24 hours, obtains storing solution ii; When use, storing solutionIn ii, add the water of 10 times of volumes, mix and obtain pouring water ii.
E. basic condition of culture is described:
Adjust temperature, make 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature.
Daylighting is even, keeps out of the direct sun, and wants timing ventilation ventilation every day.
Relative air humidity remains on 80～90 ﹪, in the time that air humidity is reduced to below 65%, will pass through spaceSpraying is watered.
F. outcome evaluation: embodiment of the present invention part to the detection method of content of active ingredient in product glossy ganoderma is:
Polyoses content detects with reference to " ultrasonic extraction method GL-B and Sa Shi method thereof are measured " (" China brewages "2008 (14): 87-90 page) Methods in Determination of Polysaccaride Content of recording in a literary composition carries out.
Amino acid content detects with reference to " RPLC ultraviolet absorption method is measured in glossy ganoderma amino acid whoseContent " (" Pharmaceutical Analysis magazine " 1994 (04): 30-33) amino acid content is measured.
With reference to " selenium and measurement of the polysaccharide content in Se-rich lucid ganoderma ", (" Chinese woods is secondary special in the detection of organic selenium contentProduce " 2010 (2): the sample treatment of 16-18) recording in a literary composition and the assay method of Selenium In Some Selenium-rich Biological Samples content,Carry out the mensuration of organic selenium content by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
And reference " extraction of active components of glossy ganoderma and detection " (" food research and development " 2007,28 (05):The detection method of mentioning 170-173), measures trace element.
Embodiment 1
The culture experiment of the 1st group of bacterial classification
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, mistake phosphorusAcid calcium 3%, gypsum 2%; Gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic cultivationMaterial, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, steam goes outBacterium.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. Go out in the process of sesame, when air humidity be reduced to 65% withWhen lower, spray and water with running water by space.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 2
The culture experiment of the 2nd group of bacterial classification
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, mistake phosphorusAcid calcium 3%, gypsum 2%; Gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic cultivationMaterial, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, steam goes outBacterium.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. Go out in the process of sesame, when air humidity be reduced to 65% withWhen lower, will spray and water with running water by space.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 3
The culture experiment of the 3rd group of bacterial classification
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, mistake phosphorusAcid calcium 3%, gypsum 2%; Gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic cultivationMaterial, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, steam goes outBacterium.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. By ultraviolet (UV)-B, in 15W uviol lamp, distance30cm, irradiated 30s every 1 hour. Go out in the process of sesame, in the time that air humidity is reduced to below 65%, will lead toCrossing space spraying running water waters.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 4
The culture experiment of the 4th group of bacterial classification
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, mistake phosphorusAcid calcium 3%, gypsum 2%; Gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic cultivationMaterial, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, steam goes outBacterium.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. By ultraviolet (UV)-B, in 15W uviol lamp, distance30cm, irradiated 30s every 1 hour. Go out in the process of sesame, in the time that air humidity is reduced to below 65%, will lead toCrossing space spraying water i waters.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 5
The culture experiment of the 5th group of bacterial classification
Mix following component according to mass ratio: the marine alga after pine wood chip 45%, the grinding of particle diameter 5～10mmPowder 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, beancake powder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, mistake phosphorusAcid calcium 3%, gypsum 2%; Gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9, obtains basic cultivationMaterial, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack in the PE bag of high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting, steam goes outBacterium.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. By ultraviolet (UV)-B, in 15W uviol lamp, distance30cm, irradiated 30s every 1 hour. Go out in the process of sesame, in the time that air humidity is reduced to below 65%, will lead toCrossing space spraying waters with mixing pouring water ii.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 6
The culture experiment of the 6th group of bacterial classification
(1) preparation of culture medium: according to the proportioning weed tree sawdust 83% of traditional cultivation material, corn flour (or wheat bran)15%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1%, gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9,Basis planting material, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack PE bag high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting intoIn, steam sterilizing.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. By ultraviolet (UV)-B, in 15W uviol lamp, distance30cm, irradiated 30s every 1 hour. Go out in the process of sesame, in the time that air humidity is reduced to below 65%, will lead toCrossing space spraying waters with mixing pouring water ii.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
Embodiment 7
The culture experiment of the 7th group of bacterial classification
(1) preparation of culture medium: according to the proportioning weed tree sawdust 83% of traditional cultivation material, corn flour (or wheat bran)15%, land plaster 1%, sucrose 1%, gained mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.9,Basis planting material, water content 55%; Adjust pH value 5.5～6.5, pack PE bag high temperature resistant, asepsis environment-protecting intoIn, steam sterilizing.
In above-mentioned planting material, inject described solution I, solution I consumption is 10% of planting material quality.
After inoculation bacterial classification sample, according to operation, e cultivates in dark culturing room, 25～27 DEG C of cultivation temperature,Suitably adjust temperature, reach the temperature difference of natural environment. Relative air humidity 80～90 ﹪. Daylighting is even, avoidsPeriods of direct sunlight, and want timing ventilation ventilation every day. Go out in the process of sesame, when air humidity be reduced to 65% withWhen lower, will spray and water by space.
After cultivating 45 days, cultivation results is assessed.
In every group of embodiment, randomly drawed 5 bags and carried out result test and appraisal, above-described embodiment 1～7 is cultivated knotReally as table 1:
Table 1
Low from outward appearance example 7 plating efficiencies, go out sesame few, go out the bacterium time long, handle is looked unhealthy and strong, and entity is longDeformity. Example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 and example 5, from not significantly difference of outward appearance. ButEffective substance result demonstrates significant difference.
Claims (8)
1. a glossy ganoderma breeding method, comprises the steps:
(1) select bacterial classification;
(2) prepare planting material: according to mass ratio, mix following component: pine wood chip 40～50%, seawood meal3～10%, peanut shell 10～18%, potato starch 6～15%, beancake powder 4～10%, wheat bran (rice bran) 5～10%,Glucose 1～2%, calcium superphosphate 1～3%, gypsum 1～2%;
Mixture adds running water according to material water quality than 1:0.7～1.2, controls planting material water content 50～60%;
(3) after planting material sterilizing, add containing micro-solution, in described solution, contain concentration and be respectivelyThe organic germanium of the lanthanum of 100～200mg/L, the selenium of 100～200mg/L and 100～200mg/L;
(4) access bacterial classification, cultivates.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described planting material is pressed by following componentMix according to mass ratio: pine wood chip 45%, seawood meal 8%, peanut shell 15%, potato starch 10%, soya-bean cakePowder 7%, wheat bran 8%, glucose 2%, calcium superphosphate 3%, gypsum 2%.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the la concn of solution in described step (3)Be 80～120mg/L, lanthanum source is La (NO3)3·6H2O。
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the selenium concentration of solution in described step (3)Be 80～120mg/L, selenium source is Na2SeO3。
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the organic germanium of solution in described step (3)Concentration is 80～120mg/L, and germanium source is GeO2。
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the condition of culture bag of described step (4)Draw together: temperature remains on 25～27 DEG C, and relative humidity is 80～90%.
7. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described step (4) comprises pouring step,Described pouring water is prepared by following method: (1) moyashi grinds, and adds running water according to 10L/kgBoil 30 minutes, be cooled to room temperature, filter to obtain storing solution; (2) while use, the storing solution of step (1)In add the water of 8～12 times of volumes, mix and obtain pouring water.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described step also comprises filtration in (1)After add the step of pectase, the addition of described pectase is counted 1～3mg/100g by moyashi quality.
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| CN108464188A (en) * | 2018-05-19 | 2018-08-31 | 安徽中信康药业有限公司 | A kind of Dabie Mountain red ganoderma solid is without native organic cultivation method |
| CN108770594A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-11-09 | 吴海青 | A kind of breeding method of the fresh and alive rich germanium polysaccharide ganoderma lucidum of individual |
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