CN105582556A - 一种锝标耐久霉素分子探针 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
- A61K51/02—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo characterised by the carrier, i.e. characterised by the agent or material covalently linked or complexing the radioactive nucleus
- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/08—Peptides, e.g. proteins, carriers being peptides, polyamino acids, proteins
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种锝标耐久霉素分子探针,步骤一:HYNIC对耐久霉素的修饰:1、反应液的配置:2、HYNIC与耐久霉素的共价偶联:于1.5mL?EP管内依次加入100uL溶液1,100uL溶液2和100uL溶液3,充分混合均匀后,避光,室温下反应15h;步骤二:偶联产物的纯化:利用HPLC对偶联产物进行纯化,流动相A:含有0.1%的纯净水;流动相B:含有0.1%的乙腈;步骤三:偶联产物的放化标记。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐久霉素分子探针技术领域,特别涉及一种锝标耐久霉素分子探针。
背景技术
细胞凋亡在肿瘤细胞对放化疗效应、心肌缺血再灌注损伤、动脉粥样硬化易损斑块、缺血缺氧性脑损伤、心、肝、肺移植排斥反应的监测以及帕金森病等的机制研究有重要作用,而建立一种早期检测细胞凋亡的特异性影像学技术一直是一项临床难题。放射性核素显像由于具有检测灵敏度高的优点,因此,成为发展活体凋亡检测技术的重要研究方向。目前较成熟的凋亡探针膜联蛋白V(AnnexinV)已被多项研究证实用于凋亡检测,放射性锝标记的AnnexinV(99mTc–AnnexinV)存在较为明显的不足,其分子量较大(36000Da),血液清除速率较慢,肝脏本底十分明显。因此,注射后相对较长时间内靶器官/本底放射性计数比仍然不能达到最佳水平,另外AnnexinV主要与凋亡细胞中的脂酰丝氨酸(phosphatidylserine,PS)结合,由于哺乳动物中凋亡细胞中PS远低于磷脂酰乙醇胺(phosphatidylethanolamine,PE),靶点的亲和力较低,限制了其在临床的实际应用。
耐久霉素(Duramycin)是由19个氨基酸构成的最小的三维结构聚肽,能以l:l的比例与PE结合,具有较高的亲和力,并且分子量(1200Da)远小于AnnexinV(36000Da),靶/非靶比值高。HYNIC可作为辅助侧链来标记小分子多肽,根据以往的报道中表现出较好的摄取和清除性质。另外,一步法标记试剂盒的合成,使得放射性核素标记简单易行,且无需进一步纯化。因此,我们对99mTc-HYNIC标记的Duramycin进行了进一步优化及体内实验。
常规对Duramycin进行标记都是进行HYNIC单标记,本专利通过优化实验路线创新性的实现了HYNIC对Duramycin的双标记,实现了最终对Duramycin进行99mTc双放射性标记的目标。相比传统的99mTc单标显像剂,本专利目标产物在不改变主体分子结构的基础上每个分子结构中含有的放射性信号提高一倍,因此明显具有更高的放射活性和比活度,也必将极大的提高生物显像的灵敏度和分辨率,为临床科研工作提供更强大的显像手段。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种锝标耐久霉素分子探针,解决了现有技术中存在的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案为:一种锝标耐久霉素分子探针,其制备方法为以下几个步骤:
步骤一:HYNIC对耐久霉素的修饰:
1.1.1反应液的配置:
将HYNIC(琥珀酰亚胺基-6-肼基烟酸盐丙酮腙)溶解到无水DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)中,配置成溶液1,最终浓度为20mg/100uL;将耐久霉素溶解到无水DMF中,配置成溶液2,最终浓度为1mg/100uL;将DIEA(二异丙基乙胺)配置成DMF溶液3,浓度为5mg/100uL。
1.1.2HYNIC与耐久霉素的共价偶联:
于1.5mLEP管内依次加入100uL溶液1,100uL溶液2和100uL溶液3,充分混合均匀后,避光,室温下反应15h。
步骤二:偶联产物的纯化:
利用HPLC对偶联产物进行纯化,流动相A:含有0.1%的纯净水;流动相B:含有0.1%的乙腈。梯度洗脱条件:0-5min10%A,5-20min,10%B—90%B,20-25min90%B,25-30min90%B—10%B,流速4mL/min,检测波长:254nm。
步骤三:偶联产物的放化标记
取100ug偶联产物HYNIC-Duramycin加入到含有100mgTricine(三甲基甘氨酸)、32mgTPPTS(三苯基膦三间磺酸钠)和21ugSnCl的2mL水溶液中。分取其中500uL置于2mL离心管中进行冻干备用。最后将0.5mL活度大于50mCi的99mTc加入到上述备用离心管中80℃反应30分钟即可。
进一步的,所述步骤二中,梯度洗脱条件为:0-5min10%A,5-20min,10%B—90%B,20-25min90%B,25-30min90%B—10%B,流速4mL/min,检测波长:254nm。
进一步的,HYNIC和耐久霉素的投料比例为20:1。
本发明的有益效果:常规对Duramycin进行标记都是进行HYNIC单标记,本专利通过优化实验路线创新性的实现了HYNIC对Duramycin的双标记,实现了最终对Duramycin进行99mTc双放射性标记的目标。相比传统的99mTc单标显像剂,本专利目标产物在不改变主体分子结构的基础上每个分子结构中含有的放射性信号提高一倍,因此明显具有更高的放射活性和比活度,也必将极大的提高生物显像的灵敏度和分辨率,为临床科研工作提供更强大的显像手段。
本研究中的分子探针99mTc双放射性标记的HYNIC-Duramycin(99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin)在新西兰兔模型中显示出较好的理化和生物学性质,与已发表的鼠模型实验结果基本一致。在体内器官分布实验中,正常新西兰兔耳缘静脉注射99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin(1mci/kg)30、60、90min后,分别行平面显像观察显像剂血液清除及脏器分布可见该探针主要在心、肝、肾、骨髓及膀胱摄取,随时间心、肝、肾、骨髓的摄取浓度逐渐降至本底水平。在药代动力学实验中,耳缘静脉注射99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin(1mci/kg)1、2、3、4、5、10、、30、60,90、120、180min后,分别采集静脉血1ml,测定放射性计数,经时间衰减校正后,拟合血液-放射性曲线,其半排时间为2.8±0.2min。
血管内皮平滑肌细胞和巨噬细胞凋亡异常活跃是造成动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定,引发心肌梗死、猝死等严重临床后果的重要原因。我们采用新西兰大白兔,通过高脂饲料喂养加腹主动脉球囊损伤建立动脉粥样硬化易损斑块模型,喂养3月后进行99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin活体与离体腹主动脉显像,计算活体显像腹主动脉靶/非靶比值(T/NT)与离体腹主动脉组织测定每克组织百分注射剂量率(%ID/g)。99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin能够与易损斑块组的腹主动脉易损斑块特异性结合并清晰显像,而正常组腹主动脉摄取很少,易损斑块组腹主动脉T/NT值及%ID/g值明显高于正常对照组(p<0.05)。并且模型组给予阿托伐他汀治疗4周后,99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin的摄取明显减少,腹主动脉T/NT值及%ID/g值较治疗前降低(p<0.05)。。因此,99mTc-di-HYNIC-Duramycin作为一种新型凋亡探针,有望将来运用到临床,更为活体检测易损斑块并且评价药物稳定斑块的疗效的影像学手段。
附图说明
图1是通过Matrix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionizationmassspectrometry(MALDI)对原料耐久霉素的分子量进行确认图谱。
图2是偶联反应体系进行了质谱谱学分析图谱。
图3为偶联反应反应式。
图4为图2中2202Da解析,其为[HYNIC-Duramycin+Na+K]+。
图5为图2中2281Da解析,其为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+双脱Boc保护。
图6为图2中2321Da解析,其为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+单脱Boc保护。
图7为图2中2361Da解析,其为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
1.合成步骤:
1.1HYNIC对耐久霉素的修饰:
1.1.1反应液的配置:
将HYNIC溶解到无水DMF中,配置成溶液1,最终浓度为20mg/100uL;
将耐久霉素溶解到无水DMF中,配置成溶液2,最终浓度为1mg/100uL;
将DIEA配置成DMF溶液3,浓度为5mg/100uL。
1.1.2HYNIC与耐久霉素的共价偶联:
于1.5mLEP管内依次加入100uL溶液1,100uL溶液2和100uL溶液3,充分混合均匀后,避光,室温下反应15h。
1.2偶联产物的纯化:
利用HPLC对偶联产物进行纯化,流动相A:含有0.1%的纯净水;流动相B:含有0.1%的乙腈。梯度洗脱条件:0-5min10%A,5-20min,10%B—90%B,20-25min90%B,25-30min90%B—10%B,流速4mL/min,检测波长:254nm。
其最终标记产物为最终给动物注射后的溶液,由于体系具有放射性并没有从标记溶液中将标记产物分离纯化,只能通过将最终动物实验结果与文献已报道的进行对比说明该方法标记的探针显像效果更好,更具有临床价值。此外最终探针溶液中探针产物的量几乎为纳克级,也不可能再进行分离纯化最终得到具有一定形态的产物。
2.结果分析:
2.1偶联反应条件优化及制备
由于耐久霉素分子结构较大,且被标记的反应位点相对空间位阻较大,特别是双标记产物。为了得到更高的双标产物,我们通过提高HYNIC的投料比来提高耐久霉素的标记效率,经过系统的实验摸索,最终我们发现HYNIC和耐久霉素的理想投料比例为20:1,投料比太小双标产物比较少,投料比太大虽然双标产物量不会有明显降低,当会加大原料损耗和产物分离难度。体系中加入缚酸剂可以为偶联反应提供一个碱性环境,使多肽上的氨基残基能更好的游离从而更加高效的被标记。通过反复实验发现,有机碱比无机碱更利于反应体系进行HPLC分离纯化。其中DIEA碱性比较适中,碱性太强容易使化合物分解,碱性太弱不利于氨基的电离从而影响反应程度。偶联反应式如图3所示。
2.2质谱分析:
首先通过Matrix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionizationmassspectrometry(MALDI)对原料耐久霉素的分子量进行确认,如图1所示,其分子量为2011Da[Duramycin+H]+,2049Da为[Duramycin+K]+。
接下来对偶联反应体系进行了质谱谱学分析,如图2所示,
图2中主要色谱峰解析如下:
如图4所示:2202Da为[HYNIC-Duramycin+Na+K]+
如图5所示:2281Da为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+双脱Boc保护
如图6所示,2321Da为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+单脱Boc保护
如图7所示,2361Da为[2HYNIC-Duramycin+H]+
从耐久霉素的氨基酸序列中,我们可以发现1、2位Lys的侧链氨基是游离的。其中1位的空间位阻小,2位的空间位阻大。为了尽量的得到双标记产物,反应体系所用的HYNIC较多肽过量19倍,在碱性条件下,两个游离氨基都有可能被标记。所以在图2中,2361Da的质谱峰为双标记产物,而2202Da为单标记产物,2321Da为双标产物单脱Boc保护的峰。从图中可以看出,体系中双标产物比较多,单标产物比较少,原料2010Da的峰基本消失,表示反应基本完全。
Claims (3)
1.一种锝标耐久霉素Duramycin分子探针,其特征在于,其制备方法为以下几个步骤:
步骤一:HYNIC对Duramycin的修饰:
1、反应液的配置:
将琥珀酰亚胺基-6-肼基烟酸盐丙酮腙HYNIC溶解到无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,配置成溶液1,最终浓度为20mg/100uL;将耐久霉素溶解到无水DMF中,配置成溶液2,最终浓度为1mg/100uL;将二异丙基乙胺DIEA配置成DMF溶液3,浓度为5mg/100uL;
2、HYNIC与Duramycin的共价偶联:
于1.5mLEP管内依次加入100uL溶液1,100uL溶液2和100uL溶液3,充分混合均匀后,避光,室温下反应15h;
步骤二:偶联产物的纯化:
利用HPLC对偶联产物进行纯化,流动相A:含有0.1%的纯净水;流动相B:含有0.1%的乙腈;
步骤三:偶联产物的放化标记:
取100μg偶联产物HYNIC-Duramycin加入到含有100mg三甲基甘氨酸Tricine、32mg三苯基膦三间磺酸钠TPPTS和21μg氯化亚锡SnCl的2mL水溶液中;分取其中500uL置于2mL离心管中进行冻干备用;最后将0.5mL活度大于50mCi的99mTc加入到上述备用离心管中80℃反应30分钟即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锝标Duramycin分子探针,其特征在于,所述步骤二中,梯度洗脱条件为:0-5min10%A,5-20min,10%B—90%B,20-25min90%B,25-30min90%B—10%B,流速4mL/min,检测波长:254nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锝标Duramycin分子探针,其特征在于,HYNIC和Duramycin的投料比例为15:1-20:1。
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