CN105567580B - 一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法与应用，公开了一株热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis），该菌种保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心，保藏编号CCTCC NO:M2014349。酵母菌株利用广谱碳源合成槐糖脂类生物表面活性剂，碳源包括大豆油、菜籽油等食用油脂、废弃食用油脂（地沟油）、石油（原油）、烷烃等为单一碳源或油脂、原油、烷烃与葡萄糖或甘蔗、甜菜糖蜜等为混合碳源，所产的槐糖脂类表面活性剂在高温下比较稳定，保持良好的表面性能和乳化性能。菌株及其发酵液和含槐糖脂提取物在含餐厨废弃油脂污水及石油污水处理、油污土壤及重金属污染土壤修复、抑制食品腐败菌、洗涤日化、生物农药、抑制肿瘤细胞等方面有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种酵母菌及其制备方法与应用，特别是涉及一种一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
槐糖脂是酵母菌等微生物合成的具有一定表面活性的代谢产物，能够降低液体表面张力、稳定乳化液和增加泡沫等表面活性剂的一般作用外，还具有环境友好、可生物降解等优点，在环境污染生物修复、食品防腐抑菌、食品乳化、洗涤日化、生物农药、抑制肿瘤细胞等方面有广阔的应用前景。目前已经发现的产生物表面活性剂的微生物主要以细菌为主，而产生物表面活性剂的酵母菌数量较少。本发明所使用的热带假丝酵母菌能利用广谱碳源，如各种新鲜食用油脂、废弃食用油脂（地沟油）、石油（原油）为单一碳源，油脂、原油、烷烃与葡萄糖或甘蔗、甜菜糖蜜等为混合碳源合成糖脂类表面活性剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法与应用，本发明利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液、发酵提取物应用于日化产品、食品抑菌保鲜、农药生产等需要乳化稳定的领域，生物医药领域以及环境污染治理等领域，并可将该菌株与其他菌株进行联合使用或将其发酵液、发酵液分离纯化产物与其他化学或生物表面活性剂进行复配使用。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一株产槐糖脂酵母菌，所述酵母菌包括热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349；热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的休止细胞；热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的发酵液及其发酵液提取物；一种复合发酵菌剂，其中含有热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO:M2014349。
一株产槐糖脂酵母菌及其制备方法，所述酵母菌制备方法包括将保藏的菌种活化，将活化的培养物接入液体种子培养基在25-30℃，在120-180 r/min条件下振荡培养24h以制备液体种子；将制得的液体种子转接入一级发酵罐中，接种量5-10%，在通气量0.75-1.0vvm、搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养20-24h，制得一级发酵菌种；再将一级发酵菌种接入二级发酵罐中，接种量5-10%，在通气量0.75-1.0 vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养24h，制得二级发酵菌种；将二级发酵菌种再转接入三级发酵罐中，接种量10%，在通气量0.75-1.0vvm、搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下发酵培养48-84h，即制得含槐糖脂类表面活性剂的发酵液；槐糖脂类表面活性剂的分离：将发酵液在5000 r/min离心15min去菌体后，将上清液用等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取，将萃取液在低于55℃条件下减压干燥，所得物用正己烷洗涤2次，再次减压干燥，得淡黄色固体物质；在上述条件下，本菌株的糖脂类表面活性剂产量达20-30g/L。
一株产槐糖脂酵母菌应用，所述酵母菌应用范围包括如下：
1）热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于含石油、原油污水的处理及海洋原油污染的处理，以及油污容器、管道、器械的处理；
2）热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于餐厨废弃油脂如地沟油、含食用油污水、土壤和油污容器、器械的处理；
3）热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于海水及淡水水体、土壤重金属污染的修复；
4）利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵液提取物及其复配物用于果蔬、肉类、蛋类食品的抑菌、防腐、保鲜；
5）利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349发酵液和发酵提取物用于洗涤、日化用品生产或做配料、辅料；
6）利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物作为乳化剂；
7）利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于生物农药及化学农药的生产；
8）利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于饲料生产；
9） 用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349及其发酵液和发酵提取物用于抗肿瘤药物的生产。
本发明的优点与效果是：
本发明涉及菌株热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349可利用废弃食用油脂（地沟油）、石油（原油）为单一碳源，油脂、原油、烷烃与葡萄糖或甘蔗、甜菜糖蜜等为混合碳源合成生物表面活性剂槐糖脂及其应用。热带假丝酵母（Candidatropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产槐糖脂类表面活性剂具有优良的表面活性，在100℃处理0.5小时其表面及乳化等性能没有显著变化。该菌株所产槐糖脂的乳化值可达61%，临界胶束浓度为0.005g/L，HLB值为11，可用于O/W乳化剂，有望在一定程度上替代常规化学表面活性剂应用于生产实践。
附图说明
图1为热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产生物表面活性剂的红外光谱图；
图2为热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产生物表面活性剂的质谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
保藏信息：
菌株名称：Candida tropicalis DHYT52
保藏日期：2014年7月21日
保藏单位：中国典型培养物保藏中心
保藏编号：CCTCC NO: M2014349
地址：中国.武汉.武汉大学
将专利保藏的菌种活化，将活化的培养物接入液体种子培养基在25-30℃，在120-180 r/min条件下振荡培养24h以制备液体种子；将制得的液体种子转接入一级发酵罐中（接种量5-10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养20-24h，制得一级发酵菌种；再将一级发酵菌种接入二级发酵罐中（接种量5-10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养24h，制得二级发酵菌种；将二级发酵菌种再转接入三级发酵罐中（接种量10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm、搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下发酵培养48-84h，即制得含槐糖脂类表面活性剂的发酵液。
槐糖脂类表面活性剂的分离：将发酵液在5000 r/min离心15min去菌体后，将上清液用等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取，将萃取液在低于55℃条件下减压干燥，所得物用正己烷洗涤2次，再次减压干燥，得淡黄色固体物质。
在上述条件下，本专利菌株的糖脂类表面活性剂产量可达20-30g/L。
具体实施例1：利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的发酵液应用于需要处理的水体、土壤、管道器材，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。
将保藏的菌种活化，之后接入液体种子培养基中，在30-37 ℃，150 r/min条件下培养18-24h，制备液体种子，接种量为每250mL培养基接入一环，；将制得的液体种子转接入一级发酵罐中（接种量5-10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下制得一级发酵菌种；将一级发酵菌种转接入二级发酵罐中（接种量5-10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下制得二级发酵菌种；将二级发酵菌种再转接入三级发酵罐中（接种量5-10%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下发酵培养48-72小时，即制得表面活性剂发酵液。该发酵液可去菌体或不去菌体施用于原油、食用油脂污染的水体、土壤等处，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。在15-30 ℃条件下处理3 d，该菌株菌株对质量浓度为2 g/L的水体废弃食用油脂、石油污染物的降解率高达90 %。
斜面培养基 （%）：葡萄糖2.0，酵母粉1.0，蛋白胨2.0，琼脂2.0，121℃灭菌20min。
种子培养基（%）：葡萄糖5.0，硫酸铵0.4，KH2P04 0.1，Na2HP04.12H20 0.1，MgS04.7H20 0.05，酵母粉0.2，121℃灭菌20min。
发酵培养基（%）：葡萄糖5.0，大豆油（原油等）2.0-5.0(v/v)，硫酸铵0.4，KH2P040.1，Na2HP04.12H20 0.1，M gS04.7H20 0.05，酵母粉0.2，121℃灭菌20min。
具体实施例2：利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的液体菌种直接接种于需要处理的水体、土壤、管道器材，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。
将保藏的菌种常规方法活化，之后接入液体种子培养基中，在30-37 ℃，150 r/min条件下培养18-24h，制备液体种子，接种量为每250mL培养基接入一环；将制得的液体种子转接入一级发酵罐中（接种量5%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数160r/min条件下制得一级发酵菌种；将一级发酵菌种转接入二级发酵罐中（接种量5%），在通气量0.75-1.0vvm,，搅拌转数160r/min条件下制得二级发酵菌种；将二级扩繁的液体种子液施用于原油、食用油脂、烷烃等污染的水体、土壤等处，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。在15-30℃条件下处理5 d，该菌株菌株对质量浓度为2 g/L的水体石油污染物的降解率高达99.5%。
斜面培养基 （%）：葡萄糖2.0，酵母粉1.0，蛋白胨2.0，琼脂2.0，121℃灭菌20min。
种子培养基（%）：葡萄糖5.0，硫酸铵0.4，KH2P04 0.1，Na2HP04.12H20 0.1，MgS04.7H20 0.05，酵母粉0.2，121℃灭菌20min。
发酵培养基（%）：淀粉水解液20.0，废弃食用油脂2.0-5.0(v/v)，硫酸铵0.4，KH2P04 0.1，Na2HP04.12H20 0.1，M gS04.7H20 0.05，酵母粉0.2，121℃灭菌20min。
具体实施例3：利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的斜面菌种直接施用于需要处理的水体、土壤、管道器材，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。
将保藏的菌种按照常规方法活化，之后将菌苔洗入0.1mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液，加玻璃珠振荡分散。调整菌浓度至109-1010/mL后，将种子缓冲液施用于原油、食用油脂污染的水体、土壤等处，或与其他微生物或化合物同时使用。
斜面培养基：葡萄糖16 g，蛋白胨8 g，酵母浸粉0.1 g，琼脂20 g，定容至1 L，pH值为7.0-7.4。
具体实施例4：热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产槐糖脂类生物表面活性剂的分离提取。
按照上述方法发酵制得的发酵液超滤去菌体后，将上清液用等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取。将萃取液在低于55℃条件下减压干燥，所得物用正己烷洗涤2次，再次减压干燥，得淡黄色固体物质。
具体实施例5：热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产槐糖脂类生物表面活性剂的表面性能。
上述方法提取的热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产槐糖脂可将水的表面张力从71.14 mN/m降低至27.22 mN/m，CMC值为 0.005 g/L，乳化值可达61%，HLB值为11，可作为O/W型乳化剂。
具体实施例6：热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349所产生物表面活性剂或该表面活性剂与其他防腐剂复配用于果蔬、肉类、蛋类等食品抑菌防腐。
将热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349按照上述方法所产的表面活性剂配制成0.1g/L的溶液（含拙霉多糖5g/L），喷洒在待保鲜的果蔬、肉类、蛋类等食品的表面或将待处理的食品在槐糖脂溶液中浸渍30秒捞出，对食品表面沾染的大肠杆菌（E.coli）和黑曲霉（A. niger）等微生物有良好的抑制作用。上述溶液也可与其他防腐剂或抑菌物质复配应用。
具体实施例7：利用热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349的发酵液或发酵液提取物用于农药制造。
将热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis）CCTCC NO: M2014349发酵液浓缩至原体积的三分之一至二分之一，直接作为杀菌剂用于作物表面施用或灌根。也可将该菌的发酵提取物作为乳化、抑菌双重作用物与有机磷和有机氯农药等农药进行调配使用。
Claims (1)
1.一种发酵生产槐糖脂的方法，其特征在于，包括将保藏的酵母菌活化，将活化的培养物接入液体种子培养基在25-30℃，在120-180 r/min条件下振荡培养24h以制备液体种子；将制得的液体种子转接入一级发酵罐中，接种量5-10%，在通气量0.75-1.0vvm、搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养20-24h，制得一级发酵菌种；再将一级发酵菌种接入二级发酵罐中，接种量5-10%，在通气量0.75-1.0 vvm，搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下培养24h，制得二级发酵菌种；将二级发酵菌种再转接入三级发酵罐中，接种量10%，在通气量0.75-1.0vvm、搅拌转数140-180r/min条件下发酵培养48-84h，即制得含槐糖脂类表面活性剂的发酵液；槐糖脂类表面活性剂的分离：将发酵液在5000 r/min离心15min去菌体后，将上清液用等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取，将萃取液在低于55℃条件下减压干燥，所得物用正己烷洗涤2次，再次减压干燥，得淡黄色固体物质；在上述条件下，本菌株的糖脂类表面活性剂产量达20-30g/L；
所述酵母菌为热带假丝酵母，CCTCC NO: M2014349。
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