CN105560818A - 一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法,属于中药技术领域。该药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子6-10份、赤小豆花9-15份、桑椹10-15份、秦皮6-12份、枸骨根6-15份、丁香2-7份、牛膝5-15份、麦冬6-15份、猴头菌10-20份、甘草3-9份、牛鼻栓10-18份。该药物具有清热解毒、清肝明目、补肝益肾、逐瘀通经、滋阴润肺、健脾养胃、益气等功效,用于治疗白内障疗效显著,治愈后不易复发,且无毒副作用,安全性高。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及中药技术领域,尤其是一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法。
【技术背景】
白内障是发生在眼球里面晶状体上的一种疾病,任何晶状体的混浊都可称为白内障,其为眼科常见病,多发病。白内障的致病原因多样,如老化、遗传、局部营养障碍、免疫与代谢异常、外伤、中度、辐射等,都能引起晶状体代谢紊乱,导致晶状体蛋白质变性而发生混浊。白内障发展缓慢也无疼痛,但它影响视力。当晶状体混浊较轻时,没有明显地影响视力而不被人发现或被忽略而没有列入白内障行列,但当晶状体混浊并使视力下降到0.7或以下时可作为诊断指标,确诊为白内障。根据调查,白内障是最常见的致盲和视力残疾的原因,人类约25%患有白内障。其主要临床表现为逐渐性视力下降,由于晶状体的密度变化,还可能伴有近视度数加深,单眼复视(单眼看东西时出现多个物象)等症状。
西医治疗白内障以手术治疗为主,对患者进行混浊晶体摘除,再植入人工晶体,切口小,组织损伤少,视力恢复较快,从而达到彻底治愈白内障的目的。但手术过程中存在风险高,且手术治疗费用较高,并不适用于所有患病人群。目前,市面上也有较多治疗白内障的药物,但这些药物治疗周期长,且较少能实现彻底根治,让患者长期忍受疾病困扰。
【发明内容】
针对以上提出的问题,本发明提供了一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法,该药物用于治疗白内障效果显著,疗程短,疗效高;治愈后不易复发,标本兼治;且无毒副作用,安全可靠。
为了实现上述的目的,本发明所采用的具体技术方案为:
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子6-10份、赤小豆花9-15份、桑椹10-15份、秦皮6-12份、枸骨根6-15份、丁香2-7份、牛膝5-15份、麦冬6-15份、猴头菌10-20份、甘草3-9份、牛鼻栓10-18份。
进一步地,所述药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子7-9份、赤小豆花11-13份、桑椹12-13份、秦皮8-10份、枸骨根8-12份、丁香4-6份、牛膝8-12份、麦冬8-12份、猴头菌13-17份、甘草5-7份、牛鼻栓12-16份。
进一步地,所述药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子8份、赤小豆花12份、桑椹13份、秦皮9份、枸骨根10份、丁香5份、牛膝10份、麦冬10份、猴头菌15份、甘草6份、牛鼻栓14份。
进一步地,所述药物为散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
进一步地,所述药物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量6-8倍且体积浓度为70-85%的乙醇溶液浸泡40-60min,随后回流提取3次,每次1-2h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量5-8倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次1-2小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
服用方法:内服,每次服用本发明有效药量1-2g的药物,每日服用2次,早、晚饭后半小时温服,30天为一个疗程,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
本发明所采用的中药详细情况如下:
楮实子:为桑科植物构树的干燥成熟果实。味甘,性寒。归肝、肾经。具有补肾清肝,明目,利尿的功效。用于腰膝酸软,虚劳骨蒸,头晕目昏,目生翳膜,水肿胀满。《别录》:主阴痿水肿,益气,充肌肤,明目。《本草汇言》:健脾养肾,补虚劳,明目。
赤小豆花:为豆科植物赤小豆或赤豆的花。夏季采收,阴干。味辛,性微凉。归心、脾、胃、大肠经。具有清热,止渴,醒酒,解毒的功效。治疟疾,痢疾,消渴,伤酒头痛,痔瘘下血,丹毒,疔疮。《药性论》:消酒毒,明目。散气满不能食,煮一顿服之,又下水气,并治小儿丹毒热肿。
桑椹:为桑科植物桑的干燥果穗。味甘、酸,性寒。归心、肝、肾经。具有滋阴养血,生津,润肠的功效。主肝肾不足和血虚精亏的头晕目眩,腰酸耳鸣,须发早白,失眠多梦,津伤口渴,消渴,肠燥便秘。《滇南本草》:益肾脏而固精,久服黑发明目。《随息居饮食谱》:滋肝肾,充血液,祛风湿,健步履,息虚风,清虚火。
秦皮:为木犀科植物苦枥白蜡树、白蜡树、尖叶白蜡树或宿柱白蜡树的干燥枝皮或干皮。味苦,性寒。入肝经、胆经。具有清热燥湿,平喘止咳,明目的功效。治细菌性痢疾,肠炎,白带,慢性气管炎,目赤肿痛,迎风流泪,牛皮癣。《药性论》:主明目,去肝中久热,两目赤肿疼痛,风泪不止;治小儿身热:作汤浴。《日华子本草》:洗肝,益精,明目,小儿热惊,皮肤风痹,退热。
枸骨根:为冬青科植物枸骨的干燥根。味微苦,性凉。具有补肝益肾,疏风止痛的功效。主腰膝痿弱,关节疼痛,头风,赤眼,牙痛,荨麻疹。
丁香:为桃金娘科植物丁香的干燥花蕾。味辛,性温。归脾、胃、肺、肾经。具有温中降逆,温肾助阳的功效。主呃逆,脘腹冷痛,食少吐泻,肾虚阳痿,腰膝酸冷,阴疽。
牛膝:为苋科植物牛膝的干燥根。味苦、酸,性平。归肝、肾经。具有补肝肾,强筋骨,逐瘀通经,引血下行的功效。治淋病,尿血,经闭,癥瘕,难产,胞衣不下,产后瘀血腹痛,喉痹,痈肿,跌打损伤,四肢拘挛,痿痹。
麦冬:为百合科植物麦冬的块根。味甘、微苦,性微寒。归心、肺、胃经。具有养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津的功效。治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,消渴,热病津伤,咽干口燥,便秘。
猴头菌:为齿菌科真菌猴头菌、珊瑚状猴头菌的子实体。味甘;性平。入脾、胃经。具有健脾养胃,安神,抗癌的功效。主体虚乏力,消化不良,失眠,胃与十二指肠溃疡,慢性胃炎,消化道肿瘤。
甘草:为豆科甘草属植物甘草的根和根状茎。味甘,性平。入脾、胃、肺经。和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药。炙用,治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痫;生用,治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。《别录》:温中下气,烦满短气,伤脏咳嗽,止渴,通经脉,利血气,解百药毒。《珍珠囊》:补血,养胃。
牛鼻栓:为金缕梅科植物牛鼻栓的枝叶或根。味苦、涩,性平。归肾经。具有益气,止血的功效。主虚劳乏力,创伤出血。
本发明提供了一种治疗白内障的药物及其制备方法,与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明所提供的治疗白内障的药物根据白内障的治病机理进行配药,以楮实子、赤小豆花、桑椹、秦皮、枸骨根、丁香、牛膝、麦冬、猴头菌、甘草、牛鼻栓为主要原料,其中楮实子、赤小豆花、桑椹、秦皮具有清肝明目、清热解毒等功效;枸骨根、丁香、牛膝具有补肝益肾、助阳、逐瘀通经等功效;麦冬、猴头菌、甘草、牛鼻栓可滋阴润肺、健脾养胃、益气;以上诸药配伍,相得益彰,共奏清热解毒、清肝明目、补肝益肾、逐瘀通经、滋阴润肺、健脾养胃、益气等功效,可从整体上调节身体机能,从根本上治疗白内障,疗效显著,疗程短,疗效高;治愈后不易复发,标本兼治;且药性温和,无毒副作用,安全可靠。
【具体实施方式】
下面的实施例可以帮助本领域的技术人员更全面的理解本发明,但不可以以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子6份、赤小豆花9份、桑椹10份、秦皮6份、枸骨根6份、丁香2份、牛膝5份、麦冬6份、猴头菌10份、甘草3份、牛鼻栓10份。具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量6倍且体积浓度为70%的乙醇溶液浸泡40min,随后回流提取3次,每次2h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量5倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成散剂、颗粒剂或片剂等剂型。
实施例2
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子7份、赤小豆花11份、桑椹12份、秦皮8份、枸骨根8份、丁香4份、牛膝8份、麦冬8份、猴头菌13份、甘草5份、牛鼻栓12份。具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量6倍且体积浓度为70%的乙醇溶液浸泡45min,随后回流提取3次,每次2h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量6倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次1小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂等剂型。
实施例3
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子8份、赤小豆花12份、桑椹13份、秦皮9份、枸骨根10份、丁香5份、牛膝10份、麦冬10份、猴头菌15份、甘草6份、牛鼻栓14份。具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量7倍且体积浓度为75%的乙醇溶液浸泡50min,随后回流提取3次,每次1.5h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量7倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成散剂、片剂或丸剂等剂型。
实施例4
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子9份、赤小豆花13份、桑椹13份、秦皮10份、枸骨根12份、丁香6份、牛膝12份、麦冬12份、猴头菌17份、甘草7份、牛鼻栓16份。具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量7倍且体积浓度为80%的乙醇溶液浸泡55min,随后回流提取3次,每次1h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量7倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次2小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成散剂、丸剂或胶囊剂等剂型。
实施例5
一种治疗白内障的药物,其包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子10份、赤小豆花15份、桑椹15份、秦皮12份、枸骨根15份、丁香7份、牛膝15份、麦冬15份、猴头菌20份、甘草9份、牛鼻栓18份。具体制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量8倍且体积浓度为85%的乙醇溶液浸泡60min,随后回流提取3次,每次1h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量8倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次2小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成颗粒剂、片剂或胶囊剂等剂型。
临床观察统计资料
1、观察对象:
选择在眼球里面晶状体混浊且使视力下降到0.7或以下的确诊白内障患者200例进行临床观察。随机分成治疗组和对照组,治疗组100例,其中男性55例,女性45例;对照组100例,其中,男性57例,女性43例。治疗组和对照组两组病例的性别、病情等基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、治疗方法
治疗组:内服,每次服用本发明有效药量1-2g的药物,每日服用2次,早、晚饭后半小时温服,30天为一个疗程,服用2-4个疗程后进行观察,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
对照组:口服市面上购买的治疗白内障药物,按照服用说明服用,与治疗组进行同步观察,服药期间停服其他药物,并忌食生冷、辛辣、刺激的食物。
3、治疗标准
治愈:检查晶状体无混浊,晶体透明,且视力没有任何障碍;有效:检查晶状体有轻微混浊,但比就诊时好转,视力基本不影响日常生活;无效:用药后白内障症状与就诊时无变化或更加严重。
4、治疗结果
治疗组和对照组临床治疗结果如表1所示:
表1治疗组和对照组临床治疗结果
由上表1治疗组和对照组的临床治疗结果可以看出:治疗组100例,服用本发明治疗白内障的药物2-4个疗程后,治愈48例(占总数48%),有效39例(占总数39%),无效13例,总有效率为87%;对照组100例,服用目前市售的治疗白内障药物,与治疗组同步进行观察得,治愈25例(占总数25%),有效39例(占总数39%),无效36例,总有效率为64%;可见,本发明药物用于治疗白内障效果好,治愈率高。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于,所述药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子6-10份、赤小豆花9-15份、桑椹10-15份、秦皮6-12份、枸骨根6-15份、丁香2-7份、牛膝5-15份、麦冬6-15份、猴头菌10-20份、甘草3-9份、牛鼻栓10-18份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于,所述药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子7-9份、赤小豆花11-13份、桑椹12-13份、秦皮8-10份、枸骨根8-12份、丁香4-6份、牛膝8-12份、麦冬8-12份、猴头菌13-17份、甘草5-7份、牛鼻栓12-16份。
3.如权利要求2所述的治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于,所述药物包括如下重量份的原料:楮实子8份、赤小豆花12份、桑椹13份、秦皮9份、枸骨根10份、丁香5份、牛膝10份、麦冬10份、猴头菌15份、甘草6份、牛鼻栓14份。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的治疗白内障的药物,其特征在于所述药物为散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
5.如权利要求4所述的治疗白内障的药物的制备方法,其特征在于所述制备方法为:
1)按照上述重量份捡取所述原料;
2)将步骤1)所取的原料洗净晾干后,断碎至长度小于1cm,而后加入原料总质量6-8倍且体积浓度为70-85%的乙醇溶液浸泡40-60min,随后回流提取3次,每次1-2h,合并每次提取所得滤液,减压回收乙醇,再进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得醇提取物干粉;醇提取所剩余的药渣保留,备用;
3)向步骤2)醇提取所剩余的药渣中加入原料总重量5-8倍的水,加热回流提取2次,每次1-2小时,合并两次提取液,进而进行浓缩、干燥、粉碎,得水提取物干粉;
4)将步骤2)所得醇提取物干粉和步骤3)所得水提取物干粉混合均匀,加入药学上可以接收的辅料,制成散剂、颗粒剂、片剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
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