CN105558838A - 一种多味黑豆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多味黑豆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105558838A CN105558838A CN201510951964.9A CN201510951964A CN105558838A CN 105558838 A CN105558838 A CN 105558838A CN 201510951964 A CN201510951964 A CN 201510951964A CN 105558838 A CN105558838 A CN 105558838A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种多味黑豆及其制备方法,它由下述重量份的原料组成:黑豆90-100,乌饭叶9-10,常春藤子4.5-5,松针4.5-5,甘草4.5-5,陈皮4.5-5,五香调料0.72-0.8,盐3.6-4;制备时,先将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加水煎煮2-3次得煎煮液,将煎煮液浓缩后放入黑豆、五香调料和食盐缓慢煎煮至浓缩液完全被黑豆吸收,再将黑豆置于烘箱中缓慢烘干即得;本发明多味黑豆具有补肝肾、强筋骨、明视力、增记忆、抗衰老之功效,且嚼劲十足,风味独特,豆香浓郁,回味悠长,是一种不可多得的药食两用的美食佳品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品领域,具体是一种多味黑豆及其制备方法,本发明多味黑豆是将乌饭叶与黑豆及其他食材相结合制作的一种豆食品,具有补肝肾、强筋骨、明视力、增记忆、抗衰老等功效。
背景技术
乌饭叶,别名:乌饭树叶、南烛叶、墨饭叶,是杜鹃花科植物乌饭树的叶子,属常绿灌木,多分布于福建、江苏、安徽、江西、湖南、湖北、广东、台湾等地。乌饭叶的功效与作用:性平,味酸,益精气,强筋骨,明目。适宜人群:适宜血虚风痹,腰脚痿弱无力酸痛,神经痛之人食用;适宜贫血衰弱,视力减退之人食用;适宜头发早白,多睡嗜睡之人食用。禁忌人群:乌饭树叶性平益气,诸无所忌。乌饭树叶含有的槲皮素是一种天然的黄酮类化合物,具有广泛的生理活性及维生素P样作用,它不仅能降低血管的脆性和血脂,还可抗炎、抗过敏、抗药毒、抗氧自由基、抗肿瘤。叶中含有Q-亚麻酸,具有降低血压、血脂、抑制血小板聚集,减少血栓,及抗癌作用。
一般乌饭叶是作为家常饭菜或者做成乌饭麻糍食用,乌饭麻糍是在南方地区流行的一种时令小吃,它的做法是于每年农历三月间采集乌饭叶,榨汁,将糯米在乌饭叶汁中浸泡一天,再煮熟用捣臼捣成乌饭麻糍,再摊到面板上撒上些许面粉擀成约莫一寸厚的饼,切成四方形即得。由于传统的乌饭叶的食用方法受到季节限制,只有在春季才能有机会食用,其他季节均无法享用这一美食,导致乌饭叶的保健功效受到很大限制,因此,研发一种可以长期保存的、以乌饭叶为主要原料的保健食品,对乌饭叶产品的开发推广起到积极作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对乌饭叶具有诸多保健功效,但是食用时间受到季节限制,利用率不高的问题,提供一种乌饭叶与黑豆及其他食材结合的多味黑豆及其制备方法,本发明的多味黑豆具有补肝肾、强筋骨、明视力、增记忆、抗衰老等功效,是一种老少皆宜的美食佳品。
本发明的一种多味黑豆,由下述重量份的原料组成:
本发明的一种多味黑豆,其优选配方由下述重量份的原料组成:
本发明的一种多味黑豆的制备方法,包括下述步骤:(1)将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加2-3倍水,浸泡20-30分钟,80-100℃煎煮30-45分钟,然后在40-60℃煎煮15-20分钟,煎煮2-3次,用100目筛过滤取汁,合并各次煎煮液,浓缩至煎煮液一半体积得浓缩液;(2)将洗净的黑豆放入浓缩汁中浸泡30-60分钟,在40-60℃搅拌下煎煮,同时加入五香调料和盐调味,直至浓缩汁被黑豆完全充分吸收;(3)将煮好的黑豆捞起沥干,放入电热鼓风干燥箱烘干,前1.5-2小时将烘箱温度调节至90℃,后1.5-2小时将烘箱温度调至75℃,烘干过程中不断翻动黑豆,保证黑豆完全均匀地烘干后,紫外线灭菌消毒30分钟,分装,即得。
所述乌饭叶,是精选农历三月间采收后洗净晒干的乌饭叶;天然植物乌饭叶,主要是采用杜鹃花科乌饭树属植物乌饭树、小叶乌饭树(短尾越桔)、米饭花(江南越桔)、毛米饭花(黄背越桔)、薄叶乌饭树(有梗越桔)、无梗越桔、扁枝越桔等多种植物的树叶,本发明中是选用前3-4种植物的树叶。
所述的黑豆,是精选豆粒内部呈绿色的非转基因优质黑豆。
所述的常春藤子,是精选秋季果熟时采收的常春藤的果实,晒干后,色泽金黄,圆球形,肉质丰满。
所述松针,是精选农历十二月采收后洗净晒干的松针。
所述甘草,是精选皮细而紧、质竖体重、红棕色、粉性大、甜味浓、干燥无杂质的优质甘草。
所述陈皮,是精选广东、广西产,保存时间10年以上的优质陈皮。
本发明中所选用的黑豆,性平味甘,归肾经、脾经,是饮食疗养佳品,有着抗衰老的“豆中之王”的美誉,且价格实惠。黑豆的营养成分丰富,蛋白质含量高达49.8%,有大豆黄酮、大豆皂醇、蛋白质,并含有B族维生素、优质脂肪酸、胡萝卜素、叶酸、亚叶酸、铜、钴、铁矿质元素、维生素B1等。黑豆的营养价值决定了黑豆具有如下养生功效:
1.补血养肾
经常食用黑豆,对肾虚体弱、腰痛膝软、身面浮肿、风湿弊病、关节不利、臃肿疮毒等症状有良好的预防和辅疗作用;
2.降低胆固醇
黑豆所含皂草甙有减少体内胆固醇的作用,能有效预防中老年人动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病;
3.清热解毒
中医认为,黑豆有除去胃中热痹、伤中、淋漏、下淤血、散五脏结积、去肿、消谷、止腹胀、去热毒、改善痉挛等疗效;
4.美容养颜
黑豆富含B族维生素及维生素E,是养颜美容所需的营养成分,此外,黑豆还含有丰富的泛酸,有乌发的功效;
5.抗老防衰
黑豆富含维生素E、花青素及异黄酮,能清除体内自由基、抗氧化、增强活力,所以黑豆可以抗老防衰;
6.改善胃肠道
黑豆含有的膳食纤维及低聚糖不但能帮助胃肠道蠕动,使体内胀气与毒素顺利排出,改善便秘,而且还可以改善肠内菌群缓解,起到整肠作用。
本发明中所选用的乌饭叶,性平,味酸。具有益精气,强筋骨,明目之功效。适宜血虚风痹,腰脚痞弱无力酸痛,神经痛之人食用;适宜贫血衰弱,视力减退之人食用;适宜头发早白,多睡嗜睡之人食用。乌饭叶与黑豆相配,能加强肝肾同补。
本发明中所选用的常春藤子,为五加科植物常春藤的果实。味甘,苦,性温。功能主治:补肝肾,强腰膝,行气止痛,主体虚赢弱,采膝酸软,血痹;脘腹冷痛。
本发明中所选用的松针,性温、苦、涩,无毒,入肝、肾、肺、脾诸经,治各脏肿毒,风寒湿证,可治疗肿疱,促进毛发再生,强健肝、肾、心、脾、肺五脏,能够充饥、延年益寿。经现代医药研究,松针可以祛风活血,明目,安神,解毒,止痒。用于流行性感冒,风湿关节痛,跌打肿痛,夜盲症,高血压病,神经衰弱;外用治冻疮。对性功能减退、糖尿病、便秘、青年人的经常感冒、青春痘、过敏性鼻炎、肥胖等有特殊的疗效。另外,以松针泡茶喝可治高血压,高血脂、祛风活血,明目,安神,解毒,止痒。
此外,松针的营养价值极高,经研究,松针提取物富含糖类、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、多种氨基酸和多种微量矿元素、多种维生素、生物黄酮类物质、精油、叶绿素、不饱和脂肪酸、酶与辅酶等活性物质。松树药用的代表部位是松针,松针的药用成分高于松树的其他部位,不但含有大量生物黄酮类物质、前花青素,还富含叶绿素、多种维生素。松针提取物可用于扩张动脉血管,增加红血球携氧能力,促进血液循环,改善毛细血管的机能,提高免疫力,增加荷尔蒙的分泌,强精,使身体的组织年轻化。另外,松针还含有多种水溶性黄酮,其中包括在人体中活性极强、生物利用价值极高的前花青素,还有儿茶素以及多种不饱和脂肪酸。
本发明中所选用的陈皮,性温;辛、苦;归脾、肺经。具有健脾和胃,行气宽中,降逆化痰的功效。主治脾胃气滞,脘腹长满,恶心呕吐,食欲不振,咳嗽痰多,胸膈满闷,梅核气。同时可以调节多味黑豆口味。
本发明中所选用的甘草,性平,味甘,归十二经。有解毒、祛痰、止痛、解痉以至抗癌等药理作用。在中医上,甘草补脾益气,滋咳润肺,缓急解毒,调和百药。同时甘草可用作甜味及芳香剂,有增甜、增香的作用。在本发明产品中也起到调节口味的作用。
本发明中所用的五香调料和食盐主要是起到调节多味黑豆口味的作用。
本发明多味黑豆是以黑豆为主料,将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加水精心煎煮2-3次,合并煎煮液后浓缩,再用浓缩液文火煎煮黑豆,使黑豆完全汲取浓缩汁中的精华物质,在煎煮过程中,保证上述五味药材的药效完全与黑豆相结合,起到协同作用,更好的发挥补肝肾、强筋骨、明视力、增记忆、抗衰老之功效,且本发明多味黑豆嚼劲十足,风味独特,豆香浓郁,回味悠长,是一种不可多得的药食两用的美食佳品。
本发明将纯天然绿色无污染的植物药用功效成功运用于食品上,不仅填补了当前乌饭叶即食食品的空白,并且传承和发扬了我国民间舌尖上的美味,可以让更多人分享到我国民间美食的精华,更有益于全民身体保健,是不可多得的药食两用的美食佳品。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种多味黑豆,由下述重量份的原料组成:黑豆100kg,乌饭叶10kg,常春藤子5kg,松针5kg,甘草5kg,陈皮5kg,五香调料0.8kg,盐4kg;其制备方法包括下述步骤:(1)将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加3倍水,浸泡30分钟,90-100℃煎煮30分钟,然后在50-60℃煎煮20分钟,煎煮2次,用100目筛过滤取汁,合并各次煎煮液,浓缩至煎煮液一半体积得浓缩液;(2)将洗净的黑豆放入浓缩汁中浸泡30分钟,在50-60℃搅拌下煎煮,同时加入五香调料和盐调味,直至浓缩汁被黑豆完全充分吸收;(3)将煮好的黑豆捞起沥干,放入电热鼓风干燥箱烘干,前2小时将烘箱温度调节至90℃,后1.5小时将烘箱温度调至75℃,烘干过程中不断翻动黑豆,保证黑豆完全均匀地烘干后,紫外线灭菌消毒30分钟,分装,即得。
经实际生产发现,本实施例制得的多味黑豆,嚼劲最佳,口感风味均为最优,证明本实施例中的原料配方及工艺参数为最优实施方式。为验证本发明多味黑豆的保健功效,我们选取340例年龄在15-75岁(男:160例,女:180例)的人群,按年龄分为六组,具体分组情况及相应症状见下表一:
表一研究对象及分组情况
将上述六组人群各自均分为2个小组,其中一组为实验组,每天除一日三餐之外另外食用本发明多味黑豆20g,另一组为对照组,每天正常一日三餐外不采取其他治疗手段,追踪半年(180天)后情况如下表二所示:
表二食用本发明多味黑豆半年后对人体的保健作用
通过上表可以看出,长期食用本发明多味黑豆,与不食用本发明多味黑豆的人群相比,对各年龄段人群的亚健康状况均有改善作用,尤其对于30岁以上人群保健效果更明显。
实施例2
一种多味黑豆,由下述重量份的原料组成:黑豆90kg,乌饭叶9kg,常春藤子4.5kg,松针4.5kg,甘草4.5kg,陈皮4.5kg,五香调料0.72kg,盐3.6kg;其制备方法包括下述步骤:(1)将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加3倍水,浸泡20分钟,80-90℃煎煮45分钟,然后在40-60℃煎煮15分钟,煎煮3次,用100目筛过滤取汁,合并各次煎煮液,浓缩至煎煮液一半体积得浓缩液;(2)将洗净的黑豆放入浓缩汁中浸泡60分钟,在40-50℃搅拌下煎煮,同时加入五香调料和盐调味,直至浓缩汁被黑豆完全充分吸收;(3)将煮好的黑豆捞起沥干,放入电热鼓风干燥箱烘干,前1.5小时将烘箱温度调节至90℃,后2小时将烘箱温度调至75℃,烘干过程中不断翻动黑豆,保证黑豆完全均匀地烘干后,紫外线灭菌消毒30分钟,分装,即得。
Claims (3)
1.一种多味黑豆,其特征在于由下述重量份的原料组成:
黑豆90-100乌饭叶9-10
常春藤子4.5-5松针4.5-5
甘草4.5-5陈皮4.5-5
五香调料0.72-0.8食盐3.6-4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多味黑豆,其特征在于由下述重量份的原料组成:
黑豆100乌饭叶10
常春藤子5松针5
甘草5陈皮5
五香调料0.8食盐4。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种多味黑豆的制备方法,其特征在于包括下述步骤:(1)将乌饭叶、常春藤子、松针、甘草、陈皮加2-3倍水,浸泡20-30分钟,80-100℃煎煮30-45分钟,然后在40-60℃煎煮15-20分钟,煎煮2-3次,用100目筛过滤取汁,合并各次煎煮液,浓缩至煎煮液一半体积得浓缩液;(2)将洗净的黑豆放入浓缩汁中浸泡30-60分钟,在40-60℃搅拌下煎煮,同时加入五香调料和食盐调味,直至浓缩汁被黑豆完全充分吸收;(3)将煮好的黑豆捞起沥干,放入电热鼓风干燥箱烘干,前1.5-2小时将烘箱温度调节至90℃,后1.5-2小时将烘箱温度调至75℃,烘干过程中不断翻动黑豆,保证黑豆完全均匀地烘干后,紫外线灭菌消毒30分钟,分装,即得。
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