A kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate
Technical field
The present invention relates to traditional Chinese medicine field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate.
Background technology
Tuniclike psammosilene root is the distinctive autogenus rare or endangered species in southwest, and Lijing is its original producton location.Tuniclike psammosilene root is the primary raw material medicine of the state guarantee such as Yunnan Baiyao, Bitongning recipe, and modern pharmacological research proves that tuniclike psammosilene root is quit drug abuse curative effect in addition, is the reinforcing agent of various vaccine.But tuniclike psammosilene root self-sow and manually introduce a fine variety in process and all there is emergence rate less than the problem of 45%, annoying the large-scale planting of tuniclike psammosilene root, cannot solve a difficult problem for commercial sources medicine shortage increasingly, emergence rate is low is the key factor affecting tuniclike psammosilene root output always.
Also do not do correlative study to this technical barrier at present, traditional tuniclike psammosilene root plantation seedling-cultivating method exists or emergence rate is low, or after emerging, survival rate is low, causes production scale to be difficult to the outstanding problem expanded.Tuniclike psammosilene root belongs to medicinal plant, it emerges different from other traditional Chinese medicines with cultivation, therefore studies a set of safety, the high efficiency method that can be used for improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, is applied in the production at vast plantation family, the cultivation method of increasing economic efficiency, has great importance.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned deficiency and defect, the present invention proposes a kind of tuniclike psammosilene root and emerge soon, emergence rate is high, the tuniclike psammosilene root cultivation method of resistance.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after full seed after purifying soaks 12-24 hour in normal-temperature water, soak seed with bactericide mixed liquor and carry out sterilization in 15 minutes, clean after drying and wait to plant; Its cultivation method comprises the following steps:
(1) seed purification prepares: select high-quality artificial cultivation tuniclike psammosilene root seed or with the tuniclike psammosilene root seed of gathering after wild introducing a fine variety, soak and floating imperfect grain and impurity are disposed, make the seed grain grain of sowing full through normal-temperature water;
(2) seedling bed or sowing plot prepare:
A. the preparation of seedling bed: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
B. the preparation in plot is sowed: within 1 month, select height above sea level to be 2000 meters prior to seeding--2600 meters of soil layers are abundant, be exposed to the sun after ploughing deeply containing the barren red soil of chiltern or lime loam in batter mountain region, after natural sterilization, desinsection, before planting, use sufficient after burning soil, humus soil, farmyard manure etc., soil is turned over plough one time, and smash smooth soil block, according to furrow face width 120 centimetres, furrow are high 30 centimetres, the standard that furrow furrow width is 30 centimetres carries out large case face, and is watered by growing area permeable, waits to sow;
(3) sow: watering on permeable nursery frame or furrow face, by drilling and bunch planting way, seed is sowed uniformly at soil surface, then earthing; One deck pine tag can be covered after broadcasting or do not cover; After having sowed, one deck plastic canopy is built in the furrow face of seedling bed or field seeding again, observe soil moisture change and internal temperature change in plastic canopy, Row sum-equal matrix of going forward side by side, keep temperature in soil moisture 60%-65% and plastic canopy to control at 20--25 DEG C; Until tuniclike psammosilene root is emerged reach more than 80%;
(4) seedbed middle term management:
A, to reach after more than 80% at tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, the soil moisture in seedling bed or furrow face, plot is reduced to 45%-60%; Simultaneously according to weather conditions and tuniclike psammosilene root growth of seedling situation, progressively the plastic canopy built is opened and carry out hardening;
B, thinning, final singling: according to the mode of drilling and bunch planting, take drilling spacing in the rows to remain on 15-20 centimetre, 1-2 young plant is stayed in every cave of bunch planting, and a seedling gone out will be used for filling the gaps with seedlings or transplanting; For institute's nursery in nursery frame, when tuniclike psammosilene root height of seedling 10-15 centimetre, be transplanted to land for growing field crops;
C, the later stage carry out conventional weeding, flowering fruit bearing stage management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Further, described bactericide is the mixed liquor of gibberellin, carbendazim, YE KU NING, disinfectant, described disinfectant is carbendazim or hymexazol, and when described disinfectant is carbendazim, each component ratio is: gibberellin: tmtd: YE KU NING: carbendazim=1:2:4:3; When described disinfectant is hymexazol, each component ratio is: gibberellin: tmtd: YE KU NING: hymexazol=3:1:2:1.
Further, within first 10 days, dig field in nursery described in step A in step (2), get out the seedling bed of plastic canopy, loose with quicklime monoblock paving, every mu of quicklime consumption is 20-50 kilograms, then leveling of breaking up the clods, by wide 100 centimetres, rake and do furrow for high 15 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres between furrow, then squirt furrow face, keep humidity to be 60%, plastic canopy on frame, until soil moisture air-dry to 65% time sowing.
Further, during step (3) sowing, first mixed with fine sand by seed, the ratio by mass that seed mixes with fine sand is than being 1:0.2.
Further, described seed and the mixed sowing quantity of fine sand are 1.5 kgs/acre.
Further, in earthing described in step (3) sowing, adopt fine earth earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre; The thickness of described covering pine tag is 1.5 centimetres, after having sowed, and squirts with shower nozzle.
Further, described shower nozzle squirts and keeps soil moisture to be 50%-60%.
Further, emerge in described plastic canopy to humidity during emergence rate 80% and remain on 45%-60%.
Further, when emergence rate reaches after more than 80% in the middle term management of described step (4) seedbed, adjustment humidity is to 35%-40%.
Further, emerge in described plastic canopy to temperature during emergence rate 80% and remain on 20-25 DEG C.
The present invention improves the cultivation method of tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, the Best Times cultivated in the open according to tuniclike psammosilene root seed and tuniclike psammosilene root adapt to survival soil selection analysis, planting seed density, soil moisture, seed collection, seedling go out management before garden, that improves tuniclike psammosilene root seed goes out shoot survival percent and seedling quantity, the present invention adopts outdoor seedling raising manners, select seasonal nursery, the advantage in natural humidity and rainy season can be utilized, solve the humidity and temperature demand of tuniclike psammosilene root and the problem of outdoor nursery difficulty, ensure that nursery has higher planting percent and expands seedlings growing area.
The present invention improves the cultivation method of tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, and the beneficial effect being compared with the prior art the present invention concrete is as follows:
1, the present invention's nursery in field seedling raising and plastic canopy, in conjunction with growing environment and illumination, temperature and the tuniclike psammosilene root habit principle of tuniclike psammosilene root, utilize seasonal climatic conditions, add that the different times of artificially emerging at tuniclike psammosilene root is to the accurate control of humidity temperature, emergence rate can be made to reach 95%-100%, and planting percent reaches 90%.
2, before planting, adopt bactericide to dress seed to seed, use emerge in worm water simultaneously, its emergence rate can be improved, improve the disease-resistant performance of seedling simultaneously, improve survival rate, and the generation of root rot can be prevented simultaneously.
3, this cultivation method nursery in field seedling raising and plastic canopy, economic and practical, can large area nursery, and simple to operate, cost is low.Be 40% with other seedling-cultivating method emergence rates before, planting percent only has 25%, than other seedling-cultivating method higher survival rates 50%, and planting percent 75%.This technology can reduce costs with large area nursery.
Table 1 cultivation method of the present invention and conventional method emergence rate and planting percent contrast
Project |
Common Cultivation method |
The inventive method |
Increase rate |
Emergence rate |
40% |
95%-100% |
50% |
Planting percent |
25% |
90% |
75% |
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after full seed after purifying soaks 24 hours in normal-temperature water, with gibberellin: tmtd: YE KU NING: carbendazim=1:2:4:3 mixed liquor is soaked seed and carried out sterilization in 15 minutes, clean after drying and wait to plant; Its method concrete steps:
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level to be 2400 meters-2880 meters laterite with Acidity of Aikalinity or the soil with lime stone, partially acclive plot is on the sunny side selected in plantation plot;
(3) sowing time: should select annual mid-May-late June between, just enter rainy season after such nursery, solve the problem that tuniclike psammosilene root needs humidity and temperature, improve emergence rate;
(4) arable land prepares: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
(5) furrow face is done: nursery digs field or gets out the seedling bed of plastic canopy for first 10 days, loose with quicklime monoblock paving again, every mu of quicklime consumption is 20-40 kilograms, in leveling of breaking up the clods, by wide 100 centimetres, rake and do furrow for high 20 centimetres, wide 20 centimetres between furrow, for convenient management, then squirt furrow face with shower nozzle, can kind be disseminated to during 50%-60% until soil moisture is air-dry;
(6) blinding prepares: sieved by whole for the soil block between furrow dusting cover, then sieves a part of humus soil and mix with fine earth and spray water afterwards, makes soil moisture be that 50%-60% stacking is stand-by;
(7) sow: field seeding mid-May-late June between sow, tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, and the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.2, can directly sow after rubbing with the hands with have gentle hands, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.5 kilograms, by seed broadcasting on furrow face, then ready fine earth by seed earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre, cover one deck pine tag again, cladding thickness is 1.5 centimetres, loses soil, can not cover thick, cover too thick meeting lowers emergence rate greatly.Be conducive to moisturizing like this and prevent seed from drifting about and skewness, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, maintenance humidity is 50%-60%; Broadcast rear 5-10 days to sprout, if compare with plastic canopy nursery, other seedling-cultivating method early sprout for 10 days;
(8) seedbed middle term management: as do not rained after seed sprouting, according to the soil moisture content in soil seedbed, spray a water for 5-10 days, its humidity remains on 45%-60%; Namely when emergence rate reaches after more than 80%, adjustment humidity is to 35%-40%;
(9) weeding: want timely uprooting weed when tuniclike psammosilene root seedling grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, seedling stage will pull out 4-8 time altogether, accomplish that field is without weeds;
(10) defloration beta pruning: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts quick growth to mid-July, can grow a lot of branch and bud, in order to ensure the prosperity of seedling root system, cut off the branch of blooming, and stays plant 10 centimetres of higher positions passable; Nursery in plastic canopy, can carry out out canopy hardening, and can to make commercial seedling and sell;
(11) seedling stage diseases and pests control: its damage by disease and insect of tuniclike psammosilene root seedling of educating at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month is relatively less, and used quicklime sterilization prior to seeding, as found damage by disease and insect, broadcasting sowing with stove ash in the rainy day can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and play the effect in strong sprout, it can not use chemicals, in order to avoid leave medicament residue;
(12) seedling is passed the winter and is gone out nursery: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts leaf Huang, seedling to winter, cover above seedling with pine tag or humus soil and keep humidity and temperature, garden is gone out to starting seedling at the beginning of 3 months, be a bundle with 80 strains, the method of root two opposition is horizontal is loaded on sealing carton, one deck seedling one deck mode packed and transported humous in carton, seedling 1 month can be stored like this, all plantation can be transplanted by the end of March before April 15, transplant during this, how long just need not can welcome rainy season, prevent from running into the dead seedling of spring drought.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after full seed after purifying soaks 12 hours in normal-temperature water, with gibberellin: tmtd: YE KU NING: hymexazol=3:1:2:1 mixed liquor is soaked seed and carried out sterilization in 15 minutes, clean after drying and wait to plant; Its method concrete steps:
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level to be 2400 meters-2880 meters laterite with Acidity of Aikalinity or the soil with lime stone, partially acclive plot is on the sunny side selected in plantation plot;
(3) sowing time: should select annual mid-May-late June between, just enter rainy season after such nursery, solve the problem that tuniclike psammosilene root needs humidity and temperature, improve emergence rate;
(4) arable land prepares: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
(5) furrow face is done: 1 lunar regolith is exposed to the sun after ploughing deeply prior to seeding, after natural sterilization, desinsection, before planting, use sufficient after burning soil, humus soil, farmyard manure etc., soil is turned over plough one time, and smash smooth soil block, according to furrow face width 120 centimetres, furrow are high 30 centimetres, and the standard that furrow furrow width is 30 centimetres carries out large case face, and growing area is watered permeable, wait to sow;
(6) blinding prepares: sieved by whole for the soil block between furrow dusting cover, then sieves a part of humus soil and mix with fine earth and spray water afterwards, makes soil moisture be that 50%-60% stacking is stand-by;
(7) sow: field seeding is in mid-May--sow between late June, tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.2, can directly sow after rubbing with the hands with have gentle hands, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.5 kilograms, by seed broadcasting on furrow face, then ready fine earth by seed earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre, cover one deck pine tag again, cladding thickness is 1.5 centimetres, loses soil, can not cover thick, cover too thick meeting lowers emergence rate greatly.Be conducive to moisturizing like this and prevent seed from drifting about and skewness, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, maintenance humidity is 50%-60%; Broadcast rear 5-10 days to sprout, within Zao 6 days, sprout than other field seedling raising methods before;
(8) seedbed middle term management: as do not rained after seed sprouting, according to the soil moisture content in soil seedbed, spray a water for 5-10 days, namely its humidity remain on 45%-60%; When emergence rate reaches after more than 80%, adjustment humidity is to 35%-40%;
(9) weeding: want timely uprooting weed when tuniclike psammosilene root seedling grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, seedling stage will pull out 4-8 time altogether, accomplish that field is without weeds;
(10) defloration beta pruning: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts quick growth to mid-July, can grow a lot of branch and bud, in order to ensure the prosperity of seedling root system, cut off the branch of blooming, and stays plant 10 centimetres of higher positions passable; Nursery in plastic canopy, can carry out out canopy hardening, and can to make commercial seedling and sell;
(11) seedling stage diseases and pests control: its damage by disease and insect of tuniclike psammosilene root seedling of educating at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month is relatively less, and used quicklime sterilization prior to seeding, as found damage by disease and insect, broadcasting sowing with stove ash in the rainy day can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and play the effect in strong sprout, it can not use chemicals, in order to avoid leave medicament residue;
(12) seedling is passed the winter and is gone out nursery: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts leaf Huang, seedling to winter, cover above seedling with pine tag or humus soil and keep humidity and temperature, garden is gone out to starting seedling at the beginning of 3 months, be a bundle with 80 strains, the method of root two opposition is horizontal is loaded on sealing carton, one deck seedling one deck mode packed and transported humous in carton, seedling 1 month can be stored like this, by the end of March to mid-April, all plantation can be transplanted by the end of March before April 15, transplant during this, how long just need not can welcome rainy season, prevent from running into the dead seedling of spring drought.
Embodiment 3
For check experiment one:
A kind of cultivation method improving tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after full seed after purifying soaks 12 hours in normal-temperature water, soak seed carry out sterilization in 15 minutes with defending good fortune suspension seed-coating agent mixed liquor, clean after drying and wait to plant; Its method concrete steps:
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level to be 2400 meters-2880 meters laterite with Acidity of Aikalinity or the soil with lime stone, partially acclive plot is on the sunny side selected in plantation plot;
(3) sowing time: should select annual mid-May-late June between, just enter rainy season after such nursery, solve the problem that tuniclike psammosilene root needs humidity and temperature, improve emergence rate;
(4) arable land prepares: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
(5) furrow face is done: 1 lunar regolith is exposed to the sun after ploughing deeply prior to seeding, after natural sterilization, desinsection, before planting, use sufficient after burning soil, humus soil, farmyard manure etc., soil is turned over plough one time, and smash smooth soil block, according to furrow face width 120 centimetres, furrow are high 30 centimetres, and the standard that furrow furrow width is 30 centimetres carries out large case face, and growing area is watered permeable, wait to sow;
(6) blinding prepares: sieved by whole for the soil block between furrow dusting cover, then sieves a part of humus soil and mix with fine earth and spray water afterwards, makes soil moisture be that 50%-60% stacking is stand-by;
(7) sow: field seeding mid-May-late June between sow, tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, and the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.2, can directly sow after rubbing with the hands with have gentle hands, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.5 kilograms, by seed broadcasting on furrow face, then ready fine earth by seed earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre, cover one deck pine tag again, cladding thickness is 1.5 centimetres, loses soil, can not cover thick, cover too thick meeting lowers emergence rate greatly.Be conducive to moisturizing like this and prevent seed from drifting about and skewness, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, maintenance humidity is 50%-60%; Broadcast rear 5-10 days to sprout, within Zao 6 days, sprout than other field seedling raising methods before;
(8) seedbed middle term management: as do not rained after seed sprouting, according to the soil moisture content in soil seedbed, spray a water for 5-10 days, namely its humidity remain on 45%-60%; When emergence rate reaches after more than 80%, adjustment humidity is to 35%-40%;
(9) weeding: want timely uprooting weed when tuniclike psammosilene root seedling grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, seedling stage will pull out 4-8 time altogether, accomplish that field is without weeds;
(10) defloration beta pruning: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts quick growth to mid-July, can grow a lot of branch and bud, in order to ensure the prosperity of seedling root system, cut off the branch of blooming, and stays plant 10 centimetres of higher positions passable; Nursery in plastic canopy, can carry out out canopy hardening, and can to make commercial seedling and sell;
(11) seedling stage diseases and pests control: its damage by disease and insect of tuniclike psammosilene root seedling of educating at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month is relatively less, and used quicklime sterilization prior to seeding, as found damage by disease and insect, broadcasting sowing with stove ash in the rainy day can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and play the effect in strong sprout, it can not use chemicals, in order to avoid leave medicament residue;
(12) seedling is passed the winter and is gone out nursery: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts leaf Huang, seedling to winter, cover above seedling with pine tag or humus soil and keep humidity and temperature, garden is gone out to starting seedling at the beginning of 3 months, be a bundle with 80 strains, the method of root two opposition is horizontal is loaded on sealing carton, one deck seedling one deck mode packed and transported humous in carton, seedling 1 month can be stored like this, by the end of March to mid-April, all plantation can be transplanted by the end of March before April 15, transplant during this, how long just need not can welcome rainy season, prevent from running into the dead seedling of spring drought.
Embodiment 4
For check experiment two:
Improve a cultivation method for tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after the full seed after purifying soaks 12 hours in normal-temperature water, wait after drying to plant; Its method concrete steps:
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level to be 2400 meters-2880 meters laterite with Acidity of Aikalinity or the soil with lime stone, partially acclive plot is on the sunny side selected in plantation plot;
(3) sowing time: should select annual mid-May-late June between, just enter rainy season after such nursery, solve the problem that tuniclike psammosilene root needs humidity and temperature, improve emergence rate;
(4) arable land prepares: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
(5) furrow face is done: 1 lunar regolith is exposed to the sun after ploughing deeply prior to seeding, after natural sterilization, desinsection, before planting, use sufficient after burning soil, humus soil, farmyard manure etc., soil is turned over plough one time, and smash smooth soil block, according to furrow face width 120 centimetres, furrow are high 30 centimetres, and the standard that furrow furrow width is 30 centimetres carries out large case face, and growing area is watered permeable, wait to sow;
(6) blinding prepares: sieved by whole for the soil block between furrow dusting cover, then sieves a part of humus soil and mix with fine earth and spray water afterwards, makes soil moisture be that 50%-60% stacking is stand-by;
(7) sow: field seeding mid-May-late June between sow, tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, and the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.2, can directly sow after rubbing with the hands with have gentle hands, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.5 kilograms, by seed broadcasting on furrow face, then ready fine earth by seed earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre, cover one deck pine tag again, cladding thickness is 1.5 centimetres, loses soil, can not cover thick, cover too thick meeting lowers emergence rate greatly.Be conducive to moisturizing like this and prevent seed from drifting about and skewness, after having sowed, squirt with shower nozzle, maintenance humidity is 50%-60%; Broadcast rear 5-10 days to sprout, within Zao 6 days, sprout than other field seedling raising methods before;
(8) seedbed middle term management: as do not rained after seed sprouting, according to the soil moisture content in soil seedbed, spray a water for 5-10 days, namely its humidity remain on 45%-60%; When emergence rate reaches after more than 80%, adjustment humidity is to 35%-40%;
(9) weeding: want timely uprooting weed when tuniclike psammosilene root seedling grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, seedling stage will pull out 4-8 time altogether, accomplish that field is without weeds;
(10) defloration beta pruning: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts quick growth to mid-July, can grow a lot of branch and bud, in order to ensure the prosperity of seedling root system, cut off the branch of blooming, and stays plant 10 centimetres of higher positions passable; Nursery in plastic canopy, can carry out out canopy hardening, and can to make commercial seedling and sell;
(11) seedling stage diseases and pests control: its damage by disease and insect of tuniclike psammosilene root seedling of educating at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month is relatively less, and used quicklime sterilization prior to seeding, as found damage by disease and insect, broadcasting sowing with stove ash in the rainy day can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and play the effect in strong sprout, it can not use chemicals, in order to avoid leave medicament residue;
(12) seedling is passed the winter and is gone out nursery: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts leaf Huang, seedling to winter, cover above seedling with pine tag or humus soil and keep humidity and temperature, garden is gone out to starting seedling at the beginning of 3 months, be a bundle with 80 strains, the method of root two opposition is horizontal is loaded on sealing carton, one deck seedling one deck mode packed and transported humous in carton, seedling 1 month can be stored like this, by the end of March to mid-April, all plantation can be transplanted by the end of March before April 15, transplant during this, how long just need not can welcome rainy season, prevent from running into the dead seedling of spring drought.
Embodiment 5
For check experiment three: (blank)
Improve a cultivation method for tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate, after before sowing tuniclike psammosilene root seed being carried out soaking in normal-temperature water, pull floating immature seed and impurity out, after the full seed after purifying soaks 12 hours in normal-temperature water, wait after drying to plant; Its method concrete steps:
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level to be 2400 meters-2880 meters laterite with Acidity of Aikalinity or the soil with lime stone, partially acclive plot is on the sunny side selected in plantation plot;
(3) sowing time: should select annual mid-May-late June between, just enter rainy season after such nursery, solve the problem that tuniclike psammosilene root needs humidity and temperature, improve emergence rate;
(4) arable land prepares: adopt common plastics nursery frame to be placed in plastic tunnel or be placed in spacious level land, frame up after fiery dirt, humus soil, farmyard manure and red husky earth co-grinding one by one, and spray water is carried out moistening, water tariff collection is at 60-80%, and put up plastic canopy thereon, wait to sow;
(5) furrow face is done: 1 lunar regolith is exposed to the sun after ploughing deeply prior to seeding, after natural sterilization, desinsection, before planting, use sufficient after burning soil, humus soil, farmyard manure etc., soil is turned over plough one time, and smash smooth soil block, according to furrow face width 120 centimetres, furrow are high 30 centimetres, and the standard that furrow furrow width is 30 centimetres carries out large case face, and growing area is watered permeable, wait to sow;
(6) blinding prepares: sieved by whole for the soil block between furrow dusting cover, then sieves a part of humus soil and mix with fine earth and spray water afterwards, makes soil moisture be that 50%-60% stacking is stand-by;
(7) sow: field seeding mid-May-late June between sow, tuniclike psammosilene root seed is added part fine sand, the part by weight of seed and fine sand is 1:0.2, and can directly sow after rubbing with the hands with have gentle hands, every mu of sowing quantity is 1.5 kilograms, by seed broadcasting on furrow face, then ready fine earth by seed earthing, thickness of earth covering is 1 centimetre, then covers one deck pine tag, cladding thickness is 1.5 centimetres, loses soil;
(8) seedbed middle term management: as do not rained after seed sprouting, according to the soil moisture content in soil seedbed, sprays a water for 5-10 days and keeps humidity to be 35%;
(9) weeding: want timely uprooting weed when tuniclike psammosilene root seedling grows to 2-3 sheet leaf, seedling stage will pull out 4-8 time altogether, accomplish that field is without weeds;
(10) defloration beta pruning: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts quick growth to mid-July, can grow a lot of branch and bud, in order to ensure the prosperity of seedling root system, cut off the branch of blooming, and stays plant 10 centimetres of higher positions passable; Nursery in plastic canopy, can carry out out canopy hardening, and can to make commercial seedling and sell;
(11) seedling stage diseases and pests control: its damage by disease and insect of tuniclike psammosilene root seedling of educating at the beginning of by the end of May to 6 month is relatively less, and used quicklime sterilization prior to seeding, as found damage by disease and insect, broadcasting sowing with stove ash in the rainy day can prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and play the effect in strong sprout, it can not use chemicals, in order to avoid leave medicament residue;
(12) seedling is passed the winter and is gone out nursery: tuniclike psammosilene root seedling starts leaf Huang, seedling to winter, cover above seedling with pine tag or humus soil and keep humidity and temperature, garden is gone out to starting seedling at the beginning of 3 months, be a bundle with 80 strains, the method of root two opposition is horizontal is loaded on sealing carton, one deck seedling one deck mode packed and transported humous in carton, seedling 1 month can be stored like this, by the end of March to mid-April, all plantation can be transplanted by the end of March before April 15, transplant during this, how long just need not can welcome rainy season, prevent from running into the dead seedling of spring drought.
Table 2 different disposal is to the comparison (%) of tuniclike psammosilene root emergence rate
Table 3 different disposal is to the comparison (%) of tuniclike psammosilene root planting percent
As can be seen from table 2 and table 3, annual tuniclike psammosilene root leaf emergence and planting percent are all higher than embodiment 5 blank, wherein in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, leaf emergence and planting percent all exceed embodiment 3, embodiment 4 and embodiment 5, illustrate and adopt fungicide compounding thing of the present invention and the humid control in each stage, the emergence rate of tuniclike psammosilene root and planting percent are all significantly improved.
Be described in detail the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides above, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to the principle helping to understand the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, embodiment and range of application all will change, and in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.