CN107646556A - A kind of rocky mountainous area rice and meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation technology - Google Patents
A kind of rocky mountainous area rice and meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field more particularly to a kind of rocky mountainous area rice and meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation technology, comprise the following steps：First, selection of land and site preparation：Relatively low physical features, flat fertile, spring and summer, autumn are selected all in the plot for moistening, having certain irrigation conditions；2nd, from drought-enduring type hybrid rice variety；3rd, " dry-raised nurse " seed dressing dry rice seedling technology：4th, finely harrow a field, use sufficient base manure；5th, plant in time；6th, field management；7th, rice harves；8th, meadowrueleaf corydalis root seedling fostering；9th, site preparation；Tenth, it is colonized；11, field management；12, pick and process.Beneficial effects of the present invention：1st, the fundamental shifts of mountain area plant of grain crops structure can be achieved, solve the problems, such as the flour and rice of no paddy field hill farmer；2nd, shorter, the nice and cool climatic characteristic of mountain area sunshine is utilized, select, in late fall, winter and the spring of the less high and rare heavy rain of temperature, using outdoor cropping, can meet the needs of illumination of meadowrueleaf corydalis root plant pair, temperature, and can saving is taken shelter from rain the cost of sunshading facility, is saved labor；3rd, the output of land area of one unit is increased substantially, tor nonirrigated farmland brings up to 400 kilograms of paddy of per mu yield from about 200 kilograms of corns of per mu yield, and per mu yield improves 1 times；The plantation general mu of meadowrueleaf corydalis root can produce 80 kilograms or so of hay, with the 160 yuan of calculating of current market price per kilogram, 12800 yuan of per mu yield value, so high output is rare in rocky mountainous area, speed to accelerating increasing peasant income, accelerates the accurate help-the-poor campaign process in mountain area, has important practical significance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field more particularly to a kind of rocky mountainous area rice and meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation skill
Art.
Background technology
Grain security has its own strategic significance for China's economic development and social stability.It is reported that China is at present about
There are 500,000,000 mu of rice, be concentrated mainly on the Changjiang river areas to the south.In the southwest such as osmanthus, cloud, expensive, many rural areas are in rocky mountainous area,
Mountain area is because without surface pond, cereal crops are always based on maize planting, sweet potato.Therefore, the bar that Study On Rice growth needs
Part, a kind of method is found, probe into the cultivation technique of a kind of drought resisting, water saving, saving of labor, abridged edition, synergy, the tor in vast no paddy field
Rice Cropping is promoted in area production, can solve vast mountain area masses foodgrain self-sufficiency, improves hill farmer quality of life.
Guangxi big 8.95 ten thousand square kilometres of tor area within the border, problem is irrigated to solve Guangxi Karst Region, from 2000
Start, Guangxi autonomous regional government carries out 300,000 18,000,000 cubes of total capacities in the area such as rivers and ponds, Baise in a manner of decisive battle
The field water cellar collection rain of rice irrigates aid-the-poor project.So-called field water cellar, i.e., by nonirrigated farmland at the foot of the hill, built with sandstone, cement
Capacity draws in tens of, hundreds of cubic meters so that the cistern of upper kilostere not etc., rainwater is drawn and is connected in pond, during to need
Fill arable land.Water tank according to one about 60 cubic meters capacity of measuring and calculating can make 1.5 mu of nonirrigated farmland realize high yields irrespective of drought or water logging high yield substantially, and change
Cropping system is become, has made to be only capable of kind of a corn to be changed into that paddy can be planted, also improved per unit area yield, tor nonirrigated farmland is from about 200 kilograms of jade of per mu yield
Rice brings up to 400 kilograms of paddy of per mu yield, continues into the present, have accumulated abundant rocky mountainous area Rice Cropping technology and experience.
Meadowrueleaf corydalis root is distributed mainly on the province such as Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan.In Guangxi, distribution is confined to osmanthus west and North-west Guangxi
Limestone Mountain Areas, it is more with Donglan, bar horse, all peace, Jingxi, Debaos；It is born in rock cliff or high mountain grotto mouth.Meadowrueleaf corydalis root is Guizhou Province
The precious Chinese medicinal herbs in osmanthus high and cold mountain area.Herb contains dehydrocavidine (Corydalis Saxicolae) isoreactivity composition;With significant anti-
Bacterium, anti-inflammatory, analgesia and strong stable effect, and have and suppress tumour cell effect;Cure mainly ephemeral fever viral disease, pestilence, fulminant dysentery, carbuncle
Swollen sore, acute, chronic hepatitis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, hepatitis D, hepatic sclerosis, liver abscess, liver ascites, cholecystitis, liver cancer
Deng disease.Oneself is developed in parenteral solution and tablet of correlation etc. into preparation and product at present, is turned into and is currently cured mainly hepatitis particularly second
Type hepatitis, hepatic sclerosis, liver cancer etc., evident in efficacy, supply falls short of demand for product.
Meadowrueleaf corydalis root cultivation has half a year cultivation and cultivates within more than 1 year two ways, and half a year cultivation is fixed 9-October of finger year
Plant, harvesting in May next year;Cultivation field planting in finger year 9 to October in more than 1 year, May next year does not harvest, but allows it to cross the summer
Continue to cultivate, plant the time be 1-3 years, although single plant yield is higher, due to cross summer temperature height, disease is serious, survival rate compared with
It is low.Thus still cultivated at present in production with half a year more.
Rocky mountainous area rice can realize that advantage is surging complementary with meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation, greatly improve the unit area output value（Per mu yield
More than ten thousand yuan）, to accelerating the accurate help-the-poor campaign process in mountain area, have important practical significance.
The content of the invention
The object of the invention is confined to paddy field kind rice aiming at prior art, and provides a kind of rocky mountainous area rice and rock
Coptis crop rotation technology.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme.A kind of rocky mountainous area rice is yellow with rock
Even crop rotation technology specifically includes following steps：
First, selection of land and site preparation：Rice is planted in nonirrigated farmland, is to lean on nature soil moisture content water conservation, growth quality and soil property, soil fertility and site preparation matter
Amount has much relations；Therefore, relatively low physical features, flat fertile, spring and summer, autumn should be selected all in moistening, have certain irrigation
Condition（There is surface pond and have field water cellar water storage）Plot；Site preparation is accurate, and site preparation is uneven, it is thinless to rake the soil level, and can influence
Preserve soil moisture fertilizer conservation, the later stage is poured water deep mixed；Therefore, the broken, Horizon of soil, without light and shade clod, plough that plough is outstanding to plough rake 3-4 times with outstanding,
Advocate the winter and turn over winter rake, the snow-broth weathering through a winter, reach curing, improve soil physicochemical property；Rotary tillage wants the depth consistent, plough sole
It is smooth, plough deeply and reach 20-25 centimetres；
2nd, from drought-enduring type hybrid rice variety：Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences rice research passes through the l tacklings of key scientific and technical problems of more than 0 years, develops
Go out drought-enduring, High-Yielding Hybrid Rice " train miscellaneous osmanthus drought No. 1 ", it be the current comparative maturity in China drought tolerance it is stronger floods and droughts it is dual-purpose indica type
Hybrid paddy rice；This scientific achievement will ensure that water resource lacks, without the stable high yield for irrigating or irrigating the regional rice of deficiency, and greatly
Measure saving water resource.Rice matter totally reaches national standard two level superior rice standard；
3rd, " dry-raised nurse " seed dressing dry rice seedling technology：（One）The seedling time；According to the principle of " rice shoot to coincide crop field ", Guangxi
Rivers and ponds rocky mountainous area such as belongs at the fields on hill tops which depend on rains for water that water transplants seedlings, and whole breeding time, the seedling time was preferably on April based on natural precipitation
The middle ten days is preferably；（Two）Seedling-cultivation technique main points：1st, foster and apply fertilizer bed：With selecting the convenient vegetable garden in water source or baked wheaten cake soil does seedbed, by every
The ratio in 0.06 mu of rice field of mu is with getting out seedbed.Dig within 7-10 days before sowing, apply light biogas liquid dung 3-5 and carry on a shoulder pole.Sowing
First 1 day or the same day whole thin, leveling, took appropriate table soil to cross standby after scalping by bed；Simultaneously urea, phosphorus ammonium are spread fertilizer over the fields per railway carriage or compartment seedbed
Each 0.25 kilogram, uniformly weeding and make base fertilizer into soil；2nd, water of revealing the exact details is applied：Every square metre uses sufficient 50-60 kilograms of bottom water (leaching is applied, never
Sprinkle and apply, otherwise easily hardened and apply impermeable), more than 10 centimetres of topsoil is fully drenched, then railway carriage or compartment face is gently pressed with seedling plate, take and get ready
Fine earth fill and lead up railway carriage or compartment face；3rd, coating sowing：Half an hour is soaked to 24 hours with clear water after seed rice is dried；Filter off excessive moisture,
Dry in the air (not touched with one's hand with seed is advisable) suitably is blown, is poured into container；By dry-raised nurse：Seed=1:3 ratio pours into dry-raised nurse
(now open, now mix, now broadcasting), sieves when shaking, and medicament is equably wrapped in seed rice surface；Unnecessary medicament is weeded out, is sowed immediately, to prevent
Bond；Then with the cm thick of fine earth lid kind 0.5 (to lose seed as degree)；Finally take the insulation of ledge film；4th, strengthen management；Emergence
It is preceding based on insulation, but answer high temperature-proof burn seedlings；Take off film it is previous as do not water；Film hardening is taken off according to weather during 31 heart of leaf, used simultaneously
Clear water (weak seedling adds appropriate cleaning up excrement water to convert 0.4% urea) carries seedling 2-3 times at (interval 3-5 days).Transplanted during 4-5 leaf seedlings seedlings；
4th, finely harrow a field, use sufficient base manure：Rocky mountainous area water shortage, after preceding crop harvest, it should rob when season well-behaved heavy rain comes and draw mountain
Flood harrows crop field in time；1500-2000 kilograms of farm manure is applied before harrowing a field for every mu, is sprinkled evenly and is ploughed and bury, to improve soil
Physicochemical property, create the rice field of stable high yield；Harrow a field and require that field is smooth, no more than 3-5 centimetres, rake exists height difference deeply
Between 15-20 centimetres, weeds, root stubble spinning are entered in mud and reach whole rice field earth's surface up to 4-20 centimetres of depths, pressure stubble rate
Face is in muddy, to be precipitated after raking the soil level, and the mud pin depth for reaching certain can just carry out rice transplanting operation；It is required that the heavy Star of mud
Distinguished to muddy water, 5-8 centimetres of depth of mud, 1-3 centimetres of the depth of water, table soil soft durometer is moderate；
5th, plant in time：Top layer base fertilizer is applied again before planting, and dose it is compound should typically to apply N P and K depending on the soil girth of a garment
Fertile 35kg/ mus；That carries out rice transplanting should sprinkle saturating seedbed in 1 day before cultivation, and individual plant separates during seedling taking, is planted with realizing to dribble to throw, mu is thrown
The pockets of 1.6-1.8 ten thousand；Railway carriage or compartment (ditch containing railway carriage or compartment) is opened by 2 meters when manually planting, railway carriage or compartment face is substantially smooth；Culturable standard：Moved using lead
Plant, 6 × 7 cun of pocket line-spacing, mu plants the pockets of 1.5-1.7 ten thousand；This railway carriage or compartment face planting type, after rice shoot seals ridge, field is not interfered with
Normal ventilation, be advantageous to the accumulation of rice middle and later periods nutriment, so as to the yield and product of significant lifting rice
Matter；Rice shoot is also easier to bunchy after growing up, and can facilitate the harvest operation after maturation, reduce labor intensity；Meanwhile shoot transplanting equipment
Afterwards, rice shoot should be observed every other day and survive situation, find dead seedling and rotten seedling plant in time, and carry out reseed work in time；
6th, field management：（One）Scientific application of irrigation：Rice at the center of rocky mountainous area cultivation water pipe skill be using natural rainfall and
Water saving, its principle are according to Rice Physiological law of needing the water, natural rainfall are made full use of, to improve water utilization to greatest extent
Rate, reach high-efficiency water-saving volume increase；Practicable water-saving method is taken to carry out scientific and reasonable irrigation：Shallow water (2 cm) is planted
Seedling and turn green；Early stage is carried out wetting irrigation for paddy field or Dry-wet alternate irrigation in tiller, promotes tiller early growth and quick tiller；The tiller later stage works as every mu of seedling
Number starts dry field when reaching 8-10 ten thousand, shine to field side open small gap for the first time, and pin, which is stepped on, not to sink, and shallow water falls dry naturally by it again,
Put field and fill within 2-3 days shallow water again, so repeatedly 2-3 times, reach white it is exposed, standing grain color takes off light, and root thick bar is strengthened；Ear differentiation is to taking out
Fringe blooming stage, which is carried out shallow water (2 cm) and irrigated, promotees big fringe；Pustulation period is irrigated using dry dry and wet wet alternate, is supported Gen Baoye and is promoted to fill
Slurry, ripe the last week or so cut off the water supply；（Two）Reasonable top dressing：The principle of reasonable top dressing is preceding rush, mesopodium, supported afterwards, i.e., applies in good time
Promote fetilizer for tillering, increase ear manuer, it is motor-driven to have applied granulated fertilizer, to promote fringe, grain number, grain weight three's harmonious development, make yield composition factor more
Become reasonable；Promote fetilizer for tillering fertilising should after cultivation 7-10 with reference to pouring water for the first time, every mu with 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer dedicated to paddy, to promote
Make rice seedling early growth and quick tiller；In middle of tillering, i.e., applying again for 12-15 days after applying fertilizer for the first time once protects fetilizer for tillering, and it is public that mu applies urea 10
Jin；Go out the fringe previous moon, then apply disposable fertilizer, mu applies 8-10 kilograms of formation with enhancement grain husk flower of ammonium sulfate；Go out before fringe 18-20 days
（Boot stage）See that appearance applies a granulated fertilizer, mu applies 2-3 kilograms of ammonium sulfate, to promote rice consolidation and the raising of mass of 1000 kernel；（Three）
Prevent and treat disease pest；It should be prevented and treated according to the principle of integrated control；
7th, rice harves：Rice is easier to shattering, is gathered in time after ripe, in order to avoid cause the unnecessary underproduction；
8th, meadowrueleaf corydalis root seedling fostering：1. seed bed preparation is applied fertilizer：Seed bed preparation fertilising and crop field are essentially identical, but seed bed preparation will
Ask furrow face soil more in small, broken bits, smooth, slightly into turtleback shape；2. sunshading facility of taking shelter from rain is built：Two furrow totally one canopy is used when building, is pressed
O.8 the bamboo chip that -1.0m inserts a long 6m makees shed skeleton, both sides and center 3 bamboo chips of horizontal bundle of shed, frame is reinforced with profit
Structure, with wide 4m agricultural films lid lower floor, then wide 4m sunshades square is clamped agricultural film and sunshade net with bamboo chip on agricultural film；3. broadcast
Kind and seedling culture：Meadowrueleaf corydalis root starts to emerge for after planting about 30 days, sows, thickness of sowing 5-10g/m2, is broadcast in the 6-7 months more
Sufficient moisture content is drenched after kind.Furrow face moistening is often kept in whole seedling raising process, with sharp growth of seedling；Match somebody with somebody 4. seedling heels in Nutrition Soil
System：5 parts of paddy soils, 3 parts of soil is burnt, 2 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, after Nutrition Soil is fully mixed thoroughly, stack retting is loaded on nutrition after 5-7 days
Cup.Or native, fine farm manure will be burnt and be laid in furrow face, then fully mixed thoroughly with field soil, form seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer.When seedling grow to
4 true leaves are removable people's nutrition cup and seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer continues to cultivate, and seedbed is heeled in specification and heeled in for 10cmx10cm. seedling in training
The speed of growth in fertile seedbed is than heeling in the fast of nutrition cup, but it is relatively more when transplanting crop field to hinder root；
9th, site preparation：Soil is carried out after rice harves to plough, and is harrowed thin leveling, bedding, is spread fertilizer over the fields in furrow face decomposed through abundant retting
Farm manure；
Tenth, it is colonized.Crop field can be colonized in more than growth of seedling to 8 true leaves, is generally colonized 9-October, is colonized specification
For 30cmx30cm, it should be tried one's best because seedlings root is tender and crisp, during field planting and avoid hindering root, soil should be moistened suitably, and be protected with fine earth
Root, gently it is compacted, then the enough root waters of sprinkle；
11, field management.（One）Water and fertilizer management：In field planting 15 days, as dry weather should drench 1 water at dusk daily, often protect
Ground moistening is held, in favor of improving survival rate and shortening seedling-slowing stage, after 15 days, with reference to watering, applied 1 composite fertilizer every 10 days, 2
Apply fertilizer 1 time within every 30 days after individual month, answer timely weeding and shallow loose table soil；（Two）Major Diseases and preventing and treating：1. base rot disease this be
The Major Diseases of meadowrueleaf corydalis root, the rhizome of main harm meadowrueleaf corydalis root, stem foot dark brown rot, and cause whole strain dead, whole growth
Phase can fall ill, and the morbidity of 6-September part is serious.Prevention and controls：Sandy loam is selected, increases phosphorus, potash fertilizer to strengthen plant premunition,
It can mitigate disease using biological multi-antibacterial manure or biological potassium fertilizer.Early stage spray 1：l：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, interval spray
Apply OS mono- and apply 600 times of Trane；2. the gray mold disease is initial in leaf and petiole, stretches later and infect stem, seriously cause often whole
Strain is gone rotten, and the cauline leaf surface of morbidity produces the mustiness thing of one layer of Slate grey, and the cool moist environment of temperature is easily fallen ill, and prevalence passes
Dye is exceedingly fast.Prevention and controls：1 can be used：1：200 Bordeaux mixture, green precious, Bravo etc.；3. virosis crosses summer meadowrueleaf corydalis root due to the summer
High temperature and drought at the beginning of the last autumn and make plant that virus disease easily occur, symptom has fern blade profile, flower leaf type and fern leaf, floral leaf mixing
Type, plant grows after catching an illness substantially slows down, and even completely stopping growth is until dead.The meadowrueleaf corydalis root morbidity of half a year cultivation is few.
Prevention and controls：Cross the summer cultivation should build sun-rain-shading facility, continuously sprayed to reduce field temperature, after morbidity nature brown cotton or
Legendary god of farming's element 3-4 times；
12, pick and process.Meadowrueleaf corydalis root root or herb can people's medicines.At present, the meadowrueleaf corydalis root of artificial cultivation is in full-bloom stage in May
After harvest, connecting root during harvesting digs, and cleans soil, air-dries and is preserved at shady and cool ventilation drying.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：1st, the fundamental shifts of mountain area plant of grain crops structure can be achieved, solve no paddy field
The flour and rice problem of hill farmer；2nd, using shorter, the nice and cool climatic characteristic of mountain area sunshine, select less high and rare in temperature
In late fall, winter and the spring of heavy rain, using outdoor cropping, can meet the needs of illumination of meadowrueleaf corydalis root plant pair, temperature, and can
The cost for sunshading facility of taking shelter from rain is saved, is saved labor；3rd, the output of land area of one unit is increased substantially, tor nonirrigated farmland is from per mu yield
About 200 kilograms of corns bring up to 400 kilograms of paddy of per mu yield, and per mu yield improves 1 times；The plantation general mu of meadowrueleaf corydalis root can produce hay 80
Kilogram or so, with the 160 yuan of calculating of current market price per kilogram, 12800 yuan of per mu yield value, so high output is rare in rocky mountainous area
, the speed to accelerating increasing peasant income, accelerate the accurate help-the-poor campaign process in mountain area, have important practical significance.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of rocky mountainous area rice specifically includes following steps with meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation technology：
First, selection of land and site preparation：Rice is planted in nonirrigated farmland, is to lean on nature soil moisture content water conservation, growth quality and soil property, soil fertility and site preparation matter
Amount has much relations；Therefore, relatively low physical features, flat fertile, spring and summer, autumn should be selected all in moistening, have certain irrigation
Condition（There is surface pond and have field water cellar water storage）Plot；Site preparation is accurate, and site preparation is uneven, it is thinless to rake the soil level, and can influence
Preserve soil moisture fertilizer conservation, the later stage is poured water deep mixed；Therefore, the broken, Horizon of soil, without light and shade clod, plough that plough is outstanding to plough rake 3-4 times with outstanding,
Advocate the winter and turn over winter rake, the snow-broth weathering through a winter, reach curing, improve soil physicochemical property；Rotary tillage wants the depth consistent, plough sole
It is smooth, plough deeply and reach 20-25 centimetres；
2nd, from drought-enduring type hybrid rice variety：Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences rice research passes through the l tacklings of key scientific and technical problems of more than 0 years, develops
Go out drought-enduring, High-Yielding Hybrid Rice " train miscellaneous osmanthus drought No. 1 ", it be the current comparative maturity in China drought tolerance it is stronger floods and droughts it is dual-purpose indica type
Hybrid paddy rice；This scientific achievement will ensure that water resource lacks, without the stable high yield for irrigating or irrigating the regional rice of deficiency, and greatly
Measure saving water resource；Rice matter totally reaches national standard two level superior rice standard；
3rd, " dry-raised nurse " seed dressing dry rice seedling technology：（One）The seedling time；According to the principle of " rice shoot to coincide crop field ", Guangxi
Rivers and ponds rocky mountainous area such as belongs at the fields on hill tops which depend on rains for water that water transplants seedlings, and whole breeding time, the seedling time was preferably on April based on natural precipitation
The middle ten days is preferably；（Two）Seedling-cultivation technique main points：1st, foster and apply fertilizer bed：With selecting the convenient vegetable garden in water source or baked wheaten cake soil does seedbed, by every
The ratio in 0.06 mu of rice field of mu is with getting out seedbed；Dig within 7-10 days before sowing, apply light biogas liquid dung 3-5 and carry on a shoulder pole；Sowing
First 1 day or the same day whole thin, leveling, took appropriate table soil to cross standby after scalping by bed；Simultaneously urea, phosphorus ammonium are spread fertilizer over the fields per railway carriage or compartment seedbed
Each 0.25 kilogram, uniformly weeding and make base fertilizer into soil；2nd, water of revealing the exact details is applied：Every square metre uses sufficient 50-60 kilograms of bottom water (leaching is applied, never
Sprinkle and apply, otherwise easily hardened and apply impermeable), more than 10 centimetres of topsoil is fully drenched, then railway carriage or compartment face is gently pressed with seedling plate, take and get ready
Fine earth fill and lead up railway carriage or compartment face；3rd, coating sowing：Half an hour is soaked to 24 hours with clear water after seed rice is dried；Filter off excessive moisture,
Dry in the air (not touched with one's hand with seed is advisable) suitably is blown, is poured into container；By dry-raised nurse：Seed=1:3 ratio pours into dry-raised nurse
(now open, now mix, now broadcasting), sieves when shaking, and medicament is equably wrapped in seed rice surface；Unnecessary medicament is weeded out, is sowed immediately, to prevent
Bond；Then with the cm thick of fine earth lid kind 0.5 (to lose seed as degree)；Finally take the insulation of ledge film；4th, strengthen management；Emergence
It is preceding based on insulation, but answer high temperature-proof burn seedlings；Take off film it is previous as do not water；Film hardening is taken off according to weather during 31 heart of leaf, used simultaneously
Clear water (weak seedling adds appropriate cleaning up excrement water to convert 0.4% urea) carries seedling 2-3 times at (interval 3-5 days), transplants during 4-5 leaf seedlings seedlings；
4th, finely harrow a field, use sufficient base manure：Rocky mountainous area water shortage, after preceding crop harvest, it should rob when season well-behaved heavy rain comes and draw mountain
Flood harrows crop field in time；1500-2000 kilograms of farm manure is applied before harrowing a field for every mu, is sprinkled evenly and is ploughed and bury, to improve soil
Physicochemical property, create the rice field of stable high yield；Harrow a field and require that field is smooth, no more than 3-5 centimetres, rake exists height difference deeply
Between 15-20 centimetres, weeds, root stubble spinning are entered in mud and reach whole rice field earth's surface up to 4-20 centimetres of depths, pressure stubble rate
Face is in muddy, to be precipitated after raking the soil level, and the mud pin depth for reaching certain can just carry out rice transplanting operation；It is required that the heavy Star of mud
Distinguished to muddy water, 5-8 centimetres of depth of mud, 1-3 centimetres of the depth of water, table soil soft durometer is moderate；
5th, plant in time：Top layer base fertilizer is applied again before planting, and dose it is compound should typically to apply N P and K depending on the soil girth of a garment
Fertile 35kg/ mus；That carries out rice transplanting should sprinkle saturating seedbed in 1 day before cultivation, and individual plant separates during seedling taking, is planted with realizing to dribble to throw, mu is thrown
The pockets of 1.6-1.8 ten thousand；Railway carriage or compartment (ditch containing railway carriage or compartment) is opened by 2 meters when manually planting, railway carriage or compartment face is substantially smooth；Culturable standard：Moved using lead
Plant, 6 × 7 cun of pocket line-spacing, mu plants the pockets of 1.5-1.7 ten thousand；This railway carriage or compartment face planting type, after rice shoot seals ridge, field is not interfered with
Normal ventilation, be advantageous to the accumulation of rice middle and later periods nutriment, so as to the yield and product of significant lifting rice
Matter；Rice shoot is also easier to bunchy after growing up, and can facilitate the harvest operation after maturation, reduce labor intensity；Meanwhile shoot transplanting equipment
Afterwards, rice shoot should be observed every other day and survive situation, find dead seedling and rotten seedling plant in time, and carry out reseed work in time；
6th, field management：（One）Scientific application of irrigation：Rice at the center of rocky mountainous area cultivation water pipe skill be using natural rainfall and
Water saving, its principle are according to Rice Physiological law of needing the water, natural rainfall are made full use of, to improve water utilization to greatest extent
Rate, reach high-efficiency water-saving volume increase；Practicable water-saving method is taken to carry out scientific and reasonable irrigation：Shallow water (2 cm) is planted
Seedling and turn green；Early stage is carried out wetting irrigation for paddy field or Dry-wet alternate irrigation in tiller, promotes tiller early growth and quick tiller；The tiller later stage works as every mu of seedling
Number starts dry field when reaching 8-10 ten thousand, shine to field side open small gap for the first time, and pin, which is stepped on, not to sink, and shallow water falls dry naturally by it again,
Put field and fill within 2-3 days shallow water again, so repeatedly 2-3 times, reach white it is exposed, standing grain color takes off light, and root thick bar is strengthened；Ear differentiation is to taking out
Fringe blooming stage, which is carried out shallow water (2 cm) and irrigated, promotees big fringe；Pustulation period is irrigated using dry dry and wet wet alternate, is supported Gen Baoye and is promoted to fill
Slurry, ripe the last week or so cut off the water supply；（Two）Reasonable top dressing：The principle of reasonable top dressing is preceding rush, mesopodium, supported afterwards, i.e., applies in good time
Promote fetilizer for tillering, increase ear manuer, it is motor-driven to have applied granulated fertilizer, to promote fringe, grain number, grain weight three's harmonious development, make yield composition factor more
Become reasonable；Promote fetilizer for tillering fertilising should after cultivation 7-10 with reference to pouring water for the first time, every mu with 30 kilograms of compound fertilizer dedicated to paddy, to promote
Make rice seedling early growth and quick tiller；In middle of tillering, i.e., applying again for 12-15 days after applying fertilizer for the first time once protects fetilizer for tillering, and it is public that mu applies urea 10
Jin；Go out the fringe previous moon, then apply disposable fertilizer, mu applies 8-10 kilograms of formation with enhancement grain husk flower of ammonium sulfate；Go out before fringe 18-20 days
（Boot stage）See that appearance applies a granulated fertilizer, mu applies 2-3 kilograms of ammonium sulfate, to promote rice consolidation and the raising of mass of 1000 kernel；（Three）
Prevent and treat disease pest；It should be prevented and treated according to the principle of integrated control；
7th, rice harves：Rice is easier to shattering, is gathered in time after ripe, in order to avoid cause the unnecessary underproduction；
8th, meadowrueleaf corydalis root seedling fostering：1. seed bed preparation is applied fertilizer：Seed bed preparation fertilising and crop field are essentially identical, but seed bed preparation will
Ask furrow face soil more in small, broken bits, smooth, slightly into turtleback shape；2. sunshading facility of taking shelter from rain is built：Two furrow totally one canopy is used when building, is pressed
O.8 the bamboo chip that -1.0m inserts a long 6m makees shed skeleton, both sides and center 3 bamboo chips of horizontal bundle of shed, frame is reinforced with profit
Structure, with wide 4m agricultural films lid lower floor, then wide 4m sunshades square is clamped agricultural film and sunshade net with bamboo chip on agricultural film；3. broadcast
Kind and seedling culture：Meadowrueleaf corydalis root starts to emerge for after planting about 30 days, sows, thickness of sowing 5-10g/m2, is broadcast in the 6-7 months more
Sufficient moisture content is drenched after kind；Furrow face moistening is often kept in whole seedling raising process, with sharp growth of seedling；Match somebody with somebody 4. seedling heels in Nutrition Soil
System：5 parts of paddy soils, 3 parts of soil is burnt, 2 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, after Nutrition Soil is fully mixed thoroughly, stack retting is loaded on nutrition after 5-7 days
Cup；Or native, fine farm manure will be burnt and be laid in furrow face, then fully mixed thoroughly with field soil, form seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer；When seedling grow to
4 true leaves are removable people's nutrition cup and seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer continues to cultivate, and seedbed is heeled in specification and heeled in for 10cmx10cm. seedling in training
The speed of growth in fertile seedbed is than heeling in the fast of nutrition cup, but it is relatively more when transplanting crop field to hinder root；
9th, site preparation：Soil is carried out after rice harves to plough, and is harrowed thin leveling, bedding, is spread fertilizer over the fields in furrow face decomposed through abundant retting
Farm manure；
Tenth, it is colonized：Crop field can be colonized in more than growth of seedling to 8 true leaves, is generally colonized 9-October, is colonized specification
For 30cmx30cm, it should be tried one's best because seedlings root is tender and crisp, during field planting and avoid hindering root, soil should be moistened suitably, and be protected with fine earth
Root, gently it is compacted, then the enough root waters of sprinkle；
11, field management：（One）Water and fertilizer management：In field planting 15 days, as dry weather should drench 1 water at dusk daily, often protect
Ground moistening is held, in favor of improving survival rate and shortening seedling-slowing stage, after 15 days, with reference to watering, applied 1 composite fertilizer every 10 days, 2
Apply fertilizer 1 time within every 30 days after individual month, answer timely weeding and shallow loose table soil；（Two）Major Diseases and preventing and treating：1. base rot disease this be
The Major Diseases of meadowrueleaf corydalis root, the rhizome of main harm meadowrueleaf corydalis root, stem foot dark brown rot, and cause whole strain dead, whole growth
Phase can fall ill, and the morbidity of 6-September part is serious；Prevention and controls：Sandy loam is selected, increases phosphorus, potash fertilizer to strengthen plant premunition,
It can mitigate disease using biological multi-antibacterial manure or biological potassium fertilizer；Early stage spray 1：l：200 times of Bordeaux mixture, interval spray
Apply OS mono- and apply 600 times of Trane；2. the gray mold disease is initial in leaf and petiole, stretches later and infect stem, seriously cause often whole
Strain is gone rotten, and the cauline leaf surface of morbidity produces the mustiness thing of one layer of Slate grey, and the cool moist environment of temperature is easily fallen ill, and prevalence passes
Dye is exceedingly fast；Prevention and controls：1 can be used：1：200 Bordeaux mixture, green precious, Bravo etc.；3. virosis crosses summer meadowrueleaf corydalis root due to the summer
High temperature and drought at the beginning of the last autumn and make plant that virus disease easily occur, symptom has fern blade profile, flower leaf type and fern leaf, floral leaf mixing
Type, plant grows after catching an illness substantially slows down, and even completely stopping growth is until dead；The meadowrueleaf corydalis root morbidity of half a year cultivation is few；
Prevention and controls：Cross the summer cultivation should build sun-rain-shading facility, continuously sprayed to reduce field temperature, after morbidity nature brown cotton or
Legendary god of farming's element 3-4 times；
12, pick and process：Meadowrueleaf corydalis root root or herb can people's medicine, at present, the meadowrueleaf corydalis root of artificial cultivation is in full-bloom stage in May
After harvest, connecting root during harvesting digs, and cleans soil, air-dries and is preserved at shady and cool ventilation drying.
2. a kind of rocky mountainous area rice and meadowrueleaf corydalis root crop rotation technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Meadowrueleaf corydalis root
Seedling fostering and field planting：（1）Seed bed preparation is applied fertilizer：Seed bed preparation fertilising and crop field are essentially identical, but seed bed preparation requires furrow face
Soil is more in small, broken bits, smooth, slightly into turtleback shape；（2）Take shelter from rain the building of sunshading facility：Using two furrow totally one canopy when building, by O.8-
The bamboo chip that 1.0m inserts a long 6m makees shed skeleton, both sides and center 3 bamboo chips of horizontal bundle of shed, scaffolding structure is reinforced with profit,
With wide 4m agricultural films lid lower floor, then wide 4m sunshades square is clamped agricultural film and sunshade net with bamboo chip on agricultural film；（3）Sowing and
Seedling culture：Meadowrueleaf corydalis root starts to emerge for after planting about 30 days, is sowed more in the 6-7 months, thickness of sowing 5-10g/m2, after planting
Drench sufficient moisture content；Furrow face moistening is often kept in whole seedling raising process, with sharp growth of seedling；（4）Seedling heels in nutritive soil preparation：
5 parts of paddy soils, 3 parts of soil is burnt, 2 parts of well-rotted farmyard manure, after Nutrition Soil is fully mixed thoroughly, stack retting is loaded on nutrition cup after 5-7 days；Or
Native, fine farm manure will be burnt and be laid in furrow face, then fully mixed thoroughly with field soil, form seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer；When seedling is grown to 4 very
Leaf is removable people's nutrition cup and seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer continues to cultivate, and seedbed is heeled in specification and heeled in for 10cmx10cm. seedling in seedbed of fostering and apply fertilizer
The speed of growth than heeling in the fast of nutrition cup, but it is relatively more when transplanting crop field to hinder root；（5）When growth of seedling to 8 it is true
Crop field more than leaf can be colonized in, is generally colonized 9-October, field planting specification is 30cmx30cm, because seedlings root is tender and crisp,
It should be tried one's best during field planting and avoid hindering root, soil should be moistened suitably, and with fine earth mulch, be gently compacted, what then sprinkle was enough determines root
Water.
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