CN105518021A - 药物组合物 - Google Patents
药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105518021A CN105518021A CN201480026783.9A CN201480026783A CN105518021A CN 105518021 A CN105518021 A CN 105518021A CN 201480026783 A CN201480026783 A CN 201480026783A CN 105518021 A CN105518021 A CN 105518021A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- phe
- arg
- cys
- acid
- trp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 230
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- -1 anionic phospholipid Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000000539 amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 25
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 22
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 206010067584 Type 1 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cysteine Chemical compound SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LVNGJLRDBYCPGB-LDLOPFEMSA-N (R)-1,2-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[NH3+])OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LVNGJLRDBYCPGB-LDLOPFEMSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 102400000739 Corticotropin Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 101800000414 Corticotropin Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylserin Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N corticotropin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CO)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IDLFZVILOHSSID-OVLDLUHVSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000258 corticotropin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004475 heteroaralkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012929 tonicity agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N (9E)-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008574 D-amino acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-MRVPVSSYSA-N D-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000002265 Human Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010000521 Human Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000854 Human Growth Hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 101001000212 Rattus norvegicus Decorin Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO DTPCFIHYWYONMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BIABMEZBCHDPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BIABMEZBCHDPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FVJZSBGHRPJMMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FVJZSBGHRPJMMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N elaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002865 melanocortin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N oxytocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](N)C(=O)N1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-DSZYJQQASA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003905 phosphatidylinositols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N somatostatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NHXLMOGPVYXJNR-ATOGVRKGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006823 (C1-C6) acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- KLFKZIQAIPDJCW-GPOMZPHUSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC KLFKZIQAIPDJCW-GPOMZPHUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DSNRWDQKZIEDDB-SQYFZQSCSA-N 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol) Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H](O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC DSNRWDQKZIEDDB-SQYFZQSCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WTBFLCSPLLEDEM-JIDRGYQWSA-N 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC WTBFLCSPLLEDEM-JIDRGYQWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000055 Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010011459 Exenatide Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N Exenatide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010072051 Glatiramer Acetate Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-pyrrolidine Natural products CN1CC=CC1 AHVYPIQETPWLSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YXXLPQFEWJZTFH-JAGVXUCBSA-N N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O.P(=O)(O)(O)OC[C@@H](COC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O Chemical compound N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)O.P(=O)(O)(O)OC[C@@H](COC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O YXXLPQFEWJZTFH-JAGVXUCBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 101000611641 Rattus norvegicus Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15A Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000033921 delayed sleep phase type circadian rhythm sleep disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MHUWZNTUIIFHAS-CLFAGFIQSA-N dioleoyl phosphatidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC MHUWZNTUIIFHAS-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001519 exenatide Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 108700032141 ganirelix Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003877 glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NEEFMPSSNFRRNC-HQUONIRXSA-N pasireotide aspartate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O.C([C@H]1C(=O)N2C[C@@H](C[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C(=O)N1)=O)CCCCN)C=1C=CC=CC=1)OC(=O)NCCN)C1=CC=CC=C1 NEEFMPSSNFRRNC-HQUONIRXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940067626 phosphatidylinositols Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- TZIRZGBAFTZREM-MKAGXXMWSA-N pramlintide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCCN)CSSC1)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 TZIRZGBAFTZREM-MKAGXXMWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010029667 pramlintide Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- BVQJQTMSTANITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O BVQJQTMSTANITJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940048102 triphosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- YLOCGHYTXIINAI-XKUOMLDTSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid;(2s)-2-aminopentanedioic acid;(2s)-2-aminopropanoic acid;(2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YLOCGHYTXIINAI-XKUOMLDTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HJNZCKLMRAOTMA-BRBGIFQRSA-N (2s)-n-[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(2r)-1-[[(2s)-1-[[(2s)-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[(2s)-2-(ethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(2-methyl-1h-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydr Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=C(C)NC2=CC=CC=C12 HJNZCKLMRAOTMA-BRBGIFQRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SWXOGPJRIDTIRL-DOUNNPEJSA-N (4r,7s,10s,13r,16s,19r)-10-(4-aminobutyl)-n-[(2s)-1-amino-3-(1h-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-19-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-16-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-13-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-7-propan-2-yl-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-pent Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N1)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(N)=O)=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 SWXOGPJRIDTIRL-DOUNNPEJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDHBTGHUJUUFI-SCTWWAJVSA-N (4r,7s,10s,13r,16s,19r)-10-(4-aminobutyl)-n-[(2s,3r)-1-amino-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-19-[[(2r)-2-amino-3-naphthalen-2-ylpropanoyl]amino]-16-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-13-(1h-indol-3-ylmethyl)-6,9,12,15,18-pentaoxo-7-propan-2-yl-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-p Chemical compound C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N1)NC(=O)[C@H](N)CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(N)=O)=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PUDHBTGHUJUUFI-SCTWWAJVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-octadec-10-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RLCKHJSFHOZMDR-PWCSWUJKSA-N 3,7R,11R,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCC[C@@H](C)CCCC(C)CC(O)=O RLCKHJSFHOZMDR-PWCSWUJKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XTPJLNSARGBDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[diethyl(prop-2-ynyl)azaniumyl]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C#CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCCS([O-])(=O)=O XTPJLNSARGBDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9E-tetradecenoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010037003 Buserelin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108060001064 Calcitonin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000055006 Calcitonin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101800001982 Cholecystokinin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- GJKXGJCSJWBJEZ-XRSSZCMZSA-N Deslorelin Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CNC2=CC=CC=C12 GJKXGJCSJWBJEZ-XRSSZCMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010065372 Dynorphins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010004460 Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000051325 Glucagon Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108060003199 Glucagon Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010069236 Goserelin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- BLCLNMBMMGCOAS-URPVMXJPSA-N Goserelin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](COC(C)(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)NNC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 BLCLNMBMMGCOAS-URPVMXJPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010000817 Leuprolide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010008364 Melanocortins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Myristic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010021717 Nafarelin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010093625 Opioid Peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000001490 Opioid Peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 102400000050 Oxytocin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 101800000989 Oxytocin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxytocin Natural products N1C(=O)C(N)CSSCC(C(=O)N2C(CCC2)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XNOPRXBHLZRZKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100024622 Proenkephalin-B Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010056088 Somatostatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000005157 Somatostatin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- HXWJFEZDFPRLBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Timnodonic acid Natural products CCCC=CC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O HXWJFEZDFPRLBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010050144 Triptorelin Pamoate Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010023617 abarelix Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- AIWRTTMUVOZGPW-HSPKUQOVSA-N abarelix Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCNC(C)C)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(N)=O)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=NC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 AIWRTTMUVOZGPW-HSPKUQOVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002184 abarelix Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- AFCGFAGUEYAMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acamprosate Chemical compound CC(=O)NCCCS(O)(=O)=O AFCGFAGUEYAMAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004047 acamprosate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950010887 avorelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- CUWODFFVMXJOKD-UVLQAERKSA-N buserelin Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](COC(C)(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CUWODFFVMXJOKD-UVLQAERKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002719 buserelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700008462 cetrorelix Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003230 cetrorelix Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KFEFLCOCAHJBEA-ANRVCLKPSA-N cetrorelix acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCNC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=NC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KFEFLCOCAHJBEA-ANRVCLKPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108050003126 conotoxin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700025485 deslorelin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005408 deslorelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- GJNXBNATEDXMAK-PFLSVRRQSA-N ganirelix Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN=C(NCC)NCC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN=C(NCC)NCC)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=NC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GJNXBNATEDXMAK-PFLSVRRQSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003794 ganirelix Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940042385 glatiramer Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N glucagon Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(O)=O)C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MASNOZXLGMXCHN-ZLPAWPGGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004666 glucagon Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002913 goserelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010013846 hematide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700020746 histrelin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- HHXHVIJIIXKSOE-QILQGKCVSA-N histrelin Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC(N=C1)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HHXHVIJIIXKSOE-QILQGKCVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002193 histrelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010021336 lanreotide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002437 lanreotide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GFIJNRVAKGFPGQ-LIJARHBVSA-N leuprolide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GFIJNRVAKGFPGQ-LIJARHBVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004338 leuprorelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UXDAWVUDZLBBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylbenzeneacetamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UXDAWVUDZLBBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RWHUEXWOYVBUCI-ITQXDASVSA-N nafarelin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RWHUEXWOYVBUCI-ITQXDASVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002333 nafarelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003399 opiate peptide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001723 oxytocin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005415 pasireotide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700017947 pasireotide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- GCYXWQUSHADNBF-AAEALURTSA-N preproglucagon 78-108 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GCYXWQUSHADNBF-AAEALURTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003488 releasing hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NNNVXFKZMRGJPM-KHPPLWFESA-N sapienic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O NNNVXFKZMRGJPM-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N sincalide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 IZTQOLKUZKXIRV-YRVFCXMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000553 somatostatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075620 somatostatin analogue Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- VXKHXGOKWPXYNA-PGBVPBMZSA-N triptorelin Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1N=CNC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1NC(=O)CC1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VXKHXGOKWPXYNA-PGBVPBMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004824 triptorelin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002730 vapreotide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700029852 vapreotide Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010064733 Angiotensins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000015427 Angiotensins Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 102100039994 Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- WTDRDQBEARUVNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Dopa Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 WTDRDQBEARUVNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 101001135767 Rattus norvegicus Parathyroid hormone Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- KBZOIRJILGZLEJ-LGYYRGKSSA-N argipressin Chemical class C([C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(N[C@@H](CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)N1)=O)N)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(N)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KBZOIRJILGZLEJ-LGYYRGKSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004502 levodopa Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract 1
- OBMZMSLWNNWEJA-XNCRXQDQSA-N C1=CC=2C(C[C@@H]3NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)N(CC#CCN(CCCC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC3=O)C(=O)N)CC=C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)C)CC3=CNC4=C3C=CC=C4)C)=CNC=2C=C1 Chemical compound C1=CC=2C(C[C@@H]3NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)N(CC#CCN(CCCC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](CC4=CC=CC=C4)NC3=O)C(=O)N)CC=C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)C)CC3=CNC4=C3C=CC=C4)C)=CNC=2C=C1 OBMZMSLWNNWEJA-XNCRXQDQSA-N 0.000 description 58
- 101710176384 Peptide 1 Proteins 0.000 description 58
- 108010021436 Type 4 Melanocortin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 56
- 102000001796 Melanocortin 4 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 54
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 35
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 22
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 22
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 19
- SORGEQQSQGNZFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [azido(phenoxy)phosphoryl]oxybenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(N=[N+]=[N-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 SORGEQQSQGNZFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 14
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 10
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 9
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000003275 alpha amino acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 8
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 208000008338 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 125000003088 (fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 0 CC(C)(C)[C@](CC(*CCCC[C@@](C(C)=*)NC)=N)C(C)=C Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[C@](CC(*CCCC[C@@](C(C)=*)NC)=N)C(C)=C 0.000 description 6
- 102000015779 HDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108010010234 HDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 6
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000030814 Eating disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000019454 Feeding and Eating disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 5
- 229920002505 N-(Carbonyl-Methoxypolyethylene Glycol 2000)-1,2-Distearoyl-Sn-Glycero-3-Phosphoethanolamine Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000014632 disordered eating Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000013029 homogenous suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- SRLOHQKOADWDBV-NRONOFSHSA-M sodium;[(2r)-2,3-di(octadecanoyloxy)propyl] 2-(2-methoxyethoxycarbonylamino)ethyl phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCCNC(=O)OCCOC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC SRLOHQKOADWDBV-NRONOFSHSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 108010069514 Cyclic Peptides Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102000001189 Cyclic Peptides Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 206010018429 Glucose tolerance impaired Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 102000016267 Leptin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-FPRJBGLDSA-N beta-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-FPRJBGLDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000026500 emaciation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000000031 ethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N([H])[*] 0.000 description 4
- MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N incretin Chemical class C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)CC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MGXWVYUBJRZYPE-YUGYIWNOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940039781 leptin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N leptin Chemical compound O=C([C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(C)C)CCSC)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(O)=O NRYBAZVQPHGZNS-ZSOCWYAHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007781 signaling event Effects 0.000 description 4
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 33017-11-7 Chemical compound OC(=O)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N1[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O)CCC1 VOUAQYXWVJDEQY-QENPJCQMSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-N 5'-adenylphosphoric acid Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenosine diphosphate Natural products C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)C(O)C1O XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000032841 Bulimia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010006550 Bulimia nervosa Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010075254 C-Peptide Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 206010008190 Cerebrovascular accident Diseases 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010060378 Hyperinsulinaemia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 108010092277 Leptin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102400000740 Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alpha Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710200814 Melanotropin alpha Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010033307 Overweight Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000012641 Pigmentation disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N [1-[2,3-dihydroxypropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-3-hexadecanoyloxypropan-2-yl] (9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCC ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 210000004899 c-terminal region Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008004 cell lysis buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000011262 co‐therapy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004415 heterocyclylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229960002885 histidine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000003451 hyperinsulinaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000008980 hyperinsulinism Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000859 incretin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108010019813 leptin receptors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920001427 mPEG Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 201000009032 substance abuse Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 231100000736 substance abuse Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 208000011117 substance-related disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHNFPRLDDSXQCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-melanotropin Chemical compound C=1N=CNC=1CC(C(=O)NC(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NC(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)N1C(CCC1)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CO)NC(C)=O)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WHNFPRLDDSXQCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHNFPRLDDSXQCL-UAZQEYIDSA-N α-msh Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 WHNFPRLDDSXQCL-UAZQEYIDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N (-)-ephedrine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-WPRPVWTQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADOHASQZJSJZBT-SANMLTNESA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-[1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]indol-3-yl]propanoic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C=C1C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 ADOHASQZJSJZBT-SANMLTNESA-N 0.000 description 2
- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000006272 (C3-C7) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 2,3-bis[[(z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (z)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-AAKVHIHISA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXLHNFOLHRXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-benzylphenoxy)-n,n-diethylethanamine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC(OCCN(CC)CC)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 TXLHNFOLHRXMAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- APIXJSLKIYYUKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3 Isobutyl 1 methylxanthine Chemical compound O=C1N(C)C(=O)N(CC(C)C)C2=C1N=CN2 APIXJSLKIYYUKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPZXHKDZASGCLU-GFCCVEGCSA-N 3-(2-Naphthyl)-D-Alanine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC=C21 JPZXHKDZASGCLU-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000004611 Abdominal Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 2
- JMJYVAZWKGLFOA-MGDILKBHSA-N C(O)CN.P(=O)(O)(O)OC[C@@H](COC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O Chemical compound C(O)CN.P(=O)(O)(O)OC[C@@H](COC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)=O JMJYVAZWKGLFOA-MGDILKBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000375384 Cannaboides Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010065941 Central obesity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010061846 Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000012336 Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- GJSURZIOUXUGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Clonidine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1NC1=NCCN1 GJSURZIOUXUGAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000002148 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010001348 Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000032928 Dyslipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000010228 Erectile Dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010057671 Female sexual dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102000017011 Glycated Hemoglobin A Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 101001087394 Homo sapiens Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100036721 Insulin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 2
- 102100031775 Leptin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102400001132 Melanin-concentrating hormone Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101800002739 Melanin-concentrating hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 2
- 102400000064 Neuropeptide Y Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101800003845 Neuropeptide Y Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010016731 PPAR gamma Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000000536 PPAR gamma Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 2
- 108090000445 Parathyroid hormone Proteins 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002562 Polyethylene Glycol 3350 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000001280 Prediabetic State Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Proline Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical group CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rosiglitazone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1N(C)CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1SC(=O)NC1=O YASAKCUCGLMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000008316 Type 4 Melanocortin Receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102100033001 Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N adenosine Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IFYDZTDBJZWEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)=O IFYDZTDBJZWEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000037007 arousal Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000227 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 2
- WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[h]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 WZJYKHNJTSNBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004618 benzofuryl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001593 cAMP accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003727 cerebral blood flow Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002896 clonidine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001891 dimethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004064 dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003174 enzyme fragment complementation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000001881 impotence Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940125425 inverse agonist Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000020845 low-calorie diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORRDHOMWDPJSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N melanin concentrating hormone Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CCSC)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O)C(C)O)CCSC)CSSCC(C(=O)NC(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(C(C)C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)C2CCCN2C(=O)C(CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ORRDHOMWDPJSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010062198 microangiopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004031 partial agonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- DHHVAGZRUROJKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phentermine Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DHHVAGZRUROJKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pioglitazone Chemical compound N1=CC(CC)=CC=C1CCOC(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1C(=O)NC(=O)S1 HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000009104 prediabetes syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940124834 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012896 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003775 serotonin noradrenalin reuptake inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000008261 skin carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000002859 sleep apnea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020852 very low calorie diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N (-)-norepinephrine Chemical compound NC[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadien-1-ol Chemical compound C\C=C\C=C\CO MEIRRNXMZYDVDW-MQQKCMAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-SXARVLRPSA-N (2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-5-[[(1S,4R,5S,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-cyclohex-2-enyl]amino]-2-oxanyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxanyl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4-triol Chemical compound O([C@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1O)N[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(CO)=C1)O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-SXARVLRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDIYNQZUNSSENW-UUBOPVPUSA-N (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O XDIYNQZUNSSENW-UUBOPVPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQJCDTNMLBYVAY-ZXXIYAEKSA-N (2S,5R,10R,13R)-16-{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3-{[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-5-(ethylamino)-6-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy}-5-(4-aminobutyl)-10-carbamoyl-2,13-dimethyl-4,7,12,15-tetraoxo-3,6,11,14-tetraazaheptadecan-1-oic acid Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(O)=O)NC(=O)CC[C@H](C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)C(C)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](NCC)C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 DQJCDTNMLBYVAY-ZXXIYAEKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSGMGAINOILNJR-PGUFJCEWSA-N (2r)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-methyl-3-tritylsulfanylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)([C@H](NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)C(O)=O)SC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSGMGAINOILNJR-PGUFJCEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLBPUVPNPAJWHZ-UMSFTDKQSA-N (2r)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-tritylsulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)SC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KLBPUVPNPAJWHZ-UMSFTDKQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBICQMTCPFEBS-SATRDZAXSA-N (2s)-1-[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-[[(2r)-2-acetamido-3-naphthalen-2-ylpropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-pyridin-3-ylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-6-[bi Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCCCN=C(NCC)NCC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN=C(NCC)NCC)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=NC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)NC(C)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OVBICQMTCPFEBS-SATRDZAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLWOFHRSEVVUHM-FQEVSTJZSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-(1-methylimidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CN1C=NC(C[C@H](NC(=O)OCC2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C(O)=O)=C1 SLWOFHRSEVVUHM-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMYDXUIZKNHDT-QNGWXLTQSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-(1-tritylimidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)C(N=C1)=CN1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 XXMYDXUIZKNHDT-QNGWXLTQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEDYXEZHNPXCFB-FQEVSTJZSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CN1C=NC=C1C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 UEDYXEZHNPXCFB-FQEVSTJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAUKCFULLJFBFN-VWLOTQADSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-3-[4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]phenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 JAUKCFULLJFBFN-VWLOTQADSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJYAFJQCGPUXJY-UMSFTDKQSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-4-oxo-4-(tritylamino)butanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)C(=O)NC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KJYAFJQCGPUXJY-UMSFTDKQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKBGJLDYRSFHBT-DHUJRADRSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-4-tritylsulfanylbutanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)CSC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FKBGJLDYRSFHBT-DHUJRADRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDGICUODAOGOMO-DHUJRADRSA-N (2s)-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)-5-oxo-5-(tritylamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21)CC(=O)NC(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WDGICUODAOGOMO-DHUJRADRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZNNVYOVQUKYSC-JEDNCBNOSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(1h-imidazol-5-yl)propanoic acid;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 QZNNVYOVQUKYSC-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNICLNKVURBTKV-NDEPHWFRSA-N (2s)-5-[[amino-[(2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl-3h-1-benzofuran-5-yl)sulfonylamino]methylidene]amino]-2-(9h-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1COC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCCN=C(N)NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(C)(C)CC2=C1C HNICLNKVURBTKV-NDEPHWFRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- METKIMKYRPQLGS-GFCCVEGCSA-N (R)-atenolol Chemical compound CC(C)NC[C@@H](O)COC1=CC=C(CC(N)=O)C=C1 METKIMKYRPQLGS-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N (R)-fluoxetine Chemical compound O([C@H](CCNC)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1 RTHCYVBBDHJXIQ-MRXNPFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N (S)-amphetamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 KWTSXDURSIMDCE-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOISVRZIQDQVPF-RNLVFQAGSA-N (rac)-2,6-dimethylcyclohexanol Natural products C[C@@H]1CCC[C@H](C)[C@@H]1O MOISVRZIQDQVPF-RNLVFQAGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBUJPTNKIBCYBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical group C1=CC=C2CCCNC2=C1 LBUJPTNKIBCYBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004502 1,2,3-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004529 1,2,3-triazinyl group Chemical group N1=NN=C(C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001399 1,2,3-triazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC(=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004504 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001376 1,2,4-triazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(N=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004506 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FHGWEHGZBUBQKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzothiazepine Chemical compound S1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 FHGWEHGZBUBQKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanedithiol Chemical compound SCCS VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001781 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical class OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUTLAXLNPLZCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Methylhistidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)(C)CC1=NC=CN1 LUTLAXLNPLZCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOISVRZIQDQVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylcyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound CC1CCCC(C)C1O MOISVRZIQDQVPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1CCN(C)CCCC(C#N)(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 SGTNSNPWRIOYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKMIHKCGXQMFEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dimethyl(tetradecyl)azaniumyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KKMIHKCGXQMFEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIHXSRXTECMMJY-MURFETPASA-N 2-[dimethyl-[(9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienyl]azaniumyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O DIHXSRXTECMMJY-MURFETPASA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYIOVYZMKITKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[hexadecyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O TYIOVYZMKITKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBAHZZVIEFRTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-heptylcyclohex-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCC1=CCCCC1=O HBAHZZVIEFRTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- BRMWTNUJHUMWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Methylhistidine Natural products CN1C=NC(CC(N)C(O)=O)=C1 BRMWTNUJHUMWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-carboxynaphthalen-2-olate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C([O-])=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 ALKYHXVLJMQRLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IYTJRMRETHPZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dibenzylpiperidine Chemical class C1CNCCC1(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IYTJRMRETHPZAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-[(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl)amino]ethyl]benzoic acid Chemical class COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 SWLAMJPTOQZTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFJIVOKAWHGMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1O WFJIVOKAWHGMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXUNKHLAEDCYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N2C(OC(CO)C2)=O)=C1 MXUNKHLAEDCYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000040125 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091032151 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JDDWRLPTKIOUOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluoren-9-ylmethyl n-[[4-[2-[bis(4-methylphenyl)methylamino]-2-oxoethoxy]phenyl]-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]carbamate Chemical group COC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(OCC(=O)NC(C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)=CC=1)NC(=O)OCC1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 JDDWRLPTKIOUOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010013043 Acetylesterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010001052 Acute respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940118148 Aldose reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-ZVIOFETBSA-N Aldosterone Chemical compound C([C@@]1([C@@H](C(=O)CO)CC[C@H]1[C@@H]1CC2)C=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@]1(C)C2=CC(=O)CC1 PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-ZVIOFETBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aldosterone Natural products C1CC2C3CCC(C(=O)CO)C3(C=O)CC(O)C2C2(C)C1=CC(=O)CC2 PQSUYGKTWSAVDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077274 Alpha glucosidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710150620 Anionic peptide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001044245 Arabidopsis thaliana Insulin-degrading enzyme-like 1, peroxisomal Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aspirin Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005552 B01AC04 - Clopidogrel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010001478 Bacitracin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940123208 Biguanide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFOHBWFCKVYLES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylparaben Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QFOHBWFCKVYLES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002053 C09CA06 - Candesartan Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940127291 Calcium channel antagonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940122502 Cholesterol absorption inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001268 Cholestyramine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004705 Codon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700020473 Cyclic AMP Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M D-gluconate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N D-thyroxine Chemical compound IC1=CC(C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-GFCCVEGCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002249 Diabetes Complications Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012655 Diabetic complications Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123900 Direct thrombin inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010013710 Drug interaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000009273 Endometriosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940082863 Factor VIIa inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940123583 Factor Xa inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010017464 Fructose-Bisphosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000027487 Fructose-Bisphosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101710198884 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091007911 GSKs Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102400000921 Gastrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010052343 Gastrins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gemfibrozil Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(OCCCC(C)(C)C(O)=O)=C1 HEMJJKBWTPKOJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010071602 Genetic polymorphism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102400000322 Glucagon-like peptide 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N Glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N GlucoNorm Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(OCC)=CC(CC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)N2CCCCC2)=C1 FAEKWTJYAYMJKF-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002705 Glucose Intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091052347 Glucose transporter family Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000042092 Glucose transporter family Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010014663 Glycated Hemoglobin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007390 Glycogen Phosphorylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046163 Glycogen Phosphorylase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004103 Glycogen Synthase Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000002068 Glycopeptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010015899 Glycopeptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NMJREATYWWNIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N GnRH Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)NCC(N)=O)N1C(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C(CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NMJREATYWWNIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010086677 Gonadotropins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006771 Gonadotropins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100035961 Hematopoietically-expressed homeobox protein HHEX Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000032456 Hemorrhagic Shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heparin Chemical compound OC1C(NC(=O)C)C(O)OC(COS(O)(=O)=O)C1OC1C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(O3)C(O)=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)C(CO)O2)NS(O)(=O)=O)C(C(O)=O)O1 HTTJABKRGRZYRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100022057 Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220512494 Homeobox protein Nkx-2.5_F51L_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101001021503 Homo sapiens Hematopoietically-expressed homeobox protein HHEX Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001045751 Homo sapiens Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000852815 Homo sapiens Insulin receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001077604 Homo sapiens Insulin receptor substrate 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001056560 Homo sapiens Juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001077840 Homo sapiens Lipid-phosphate phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000812677 Homo sapiens Nucleotide pyrophosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000904173 Homo sapiens Progonadoliberin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101001067946 Homo sapiens Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000686909 Homo sapiens Resistin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021138 Hypovolaemic shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940125922 IBAT inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N Ile(5)-angiotensin II Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1NC=NC=1)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C([O-])=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=[NH2+])NC(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CC([O-])=O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CZGUSIXMZVURDU-JZXHSEFVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000026350 Inborn Genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010001127 Insulin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100025087 Insulin receptor substrate 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940122199 Insulin secretagogue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940122355 Insulin sensitizer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108090000723 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004218 Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Human genes 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012659 Joint disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100025727 Juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000002260 Keloid Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010023330 Keloid scar Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010028554 LDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021353 Lignoceric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100025357 Lipid-phosphate phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N Liraglutide Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCNC(=O)CC[C@H](NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1NC=NC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YSDQQAXHVYUZIW-QCIJIYAXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010019598 Liraglutide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010007859 Lisinopril Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000019693 Lung disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101150110867 MC4R gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004378 Melanocortin Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000950 Melanocortin Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100023724 Melanocortin receptor 4 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710085775 Melanocortin receptor 4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102220584501 Melanocortin receptor 4_S36Y_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920001367 Merrifield resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBAQFPQHRJAVAV-ULAWRXDQSA-N Miglitol Chemical compound OCCN1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1CO IBAQFPQHRJAVAV-ULAWRXDQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003979 Mineralocorticoid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000375 Mineralocorticoid Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100029820 Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050002686 Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JDHILDINMRGULE-LURJTMIESA-N N(pros)-methyl-L-histidine Chemical compound CN1C=NC=C1C[C@H](N)C(O)=O JDHILDINMRGULE-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRMWTNUJHUMWMS-LURJTMIESA-N N(tele)-methyl-L-histidine Chemical compound CN1C=NC(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=C1 BRMWTNUJHUMWMS-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N N-acetyl-L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(C)=O XUYPXLNMDZIRQH-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100039306 Nucleotide pyrophosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050000742 Orexin Receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008834 Orexin receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940087098 Oxidase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010028924 PPAR alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000023984 PPAR alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010015181 PPAR delta Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000019280 Pancreatic lipases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108050006759 Pancreatic lipases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003982 Parathyroid hormone Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100036893 Parathyroid hormone Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002230 Pectic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000007683 Pediatric Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000003728 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000029 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940099471 Phosphodiesterase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102220531697 Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family A member 8_R18L_mutation Human genes 0.000 description 1
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical class C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002564 Polyethylene Glycol 3500 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920012196 Polyoxymethylene Copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010069820 Pro-Opiomelanocortin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100027467 Pro-opiomelanocortin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- HCBIBCJNVBAKAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Procaine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HCBIBCJNVBAKAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100024028 Progonadoliberin-1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000003946 Prolactin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010057464 Prolactin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000006437 Proprotein Convertases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010044159 Proprotein Convertases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010060862 Prostate cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000236 Prostatic Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100034503 Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Purine Natural products N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N Raffinose Natural products O(C[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@]2(CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O1)[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-RMMQSMQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010063837 Reperfusion injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100024735 Resistin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000013616 Respiratory Distress Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017442 Retinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010038923 Retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040047 Sepsis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010040070 Septic Shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000001880 Sexual dysfunction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010049771 Shock haemorrhagic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000020339 Spinal injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101000857870 Squalus acanthias Gonadoliberin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 101000996723 Sus scrofa Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940123464 Thiazolidinedione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 206010043458 Thirst Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000190 Thrombin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD196149 Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1(CO)OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(COC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010046788 Uterine haemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930003448 Vitamin K Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N [(1R,4aS,10aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanamine Chemical compound NC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NERFNHBZJXXFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[(4-methylphenyl)methoxy]phenyl]methanol Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1COC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 NERFNHBZJXXFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNDHRUPPBXRELB-UHFFFAOYSA-M [4-[3-(4-ethylphenyl)butyl]phenyl]-trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(CC)=CC=C1C(C)CCC1=CC=C([N+](C)(C)C)C=C1 KNDHRUPPBXRELB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002632 acarbose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acarviostatin I01 Natural products OC1C(O)C(NC2C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)=C2)O)C(C)OC1OC(C(C1O)O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(CO)OC(O)C(O)C1O XUFXOAAUWZOOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229960001138 acetylsalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000038016 acute inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006022 acute inflammation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000001789 adipocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003486 adipose tissue brown Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001800 adrenalinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000464 adrenergic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000048 adrenergic agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000674 adrenergic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940126157 adrenergic receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000011341 adult acute respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000000028 adult respiratory distress syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010441 alabaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010001584 alcohol abuse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000007930 alcohol dependence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000025746 alcohol use disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003288 aldose reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002478 aldosterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002160 alpha blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003888 alpha glucosidase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HFQMYSHATTXRTC-JTQLQIEISA-N amiflamine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)CC1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1C HFQMYSHATTXRTC-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950004939 amiflamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003862 amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940025084 amphetamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002333 angiotensin II receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous guanidine Natural products NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002785 anti-thrombosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127088 antihypertensive drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940127218 antiplatelet drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXNPVXPOPUZYGB-XYVMCAHJSA-N argatroban Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1C[C@H](C)CCN1C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC2=C1NC[C@H](C)C2 KXNPVXPOPUZYGB-XYVMCAHJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003856 argatroban Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XKNKHVGWJDPIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M arsanilate(1-) Chemical compound NC1=CC=C([As](O)([O-])=O)C=C1 XKNKHVGWJDPIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960002274 atenolol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003071 bacitracin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930184125 bacitracin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CLKOFPXJLQSYAH-ABRJDSQDSA-N bacitracin A Chemical compound C1SC([C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)CC)=N[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](CCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2N=CNC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCCCC1 CLKOFPXJLQSYAH-ABRJDSQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013542 behavioral therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001950 benzethonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzethonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UREZNYTWGJKWBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002876 beta blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940097320 beta blocking agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004283 biguanides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000080 bile acid sequestrant Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000560 biocompatible material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008827 biological function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036765 blood level Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004097 bone metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl alcohol Substances CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000480 calcium channel blocker Substances 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AMAICRYCMCVAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;trichloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] AMAICRYCMCVAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019577 caloric intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N candesartan Chemical compound CCOC1=NC2=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C2N1CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N]1 SGZAIDDFHDDFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000932 candesartan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001269 cardiogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010007625 cardiogenic shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AOXOCDRNSPFDPE-UKEONUMOSA-N chembl413654 Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@H](CCSC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)[C@H]1N(CCC1)C(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 AOXOCDRNSPFDPE-UKEONUMOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035606 childbirth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037976 chronic inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006020 chronic inflammation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004588 cilostazol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RRGUKTPIGVIEKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cilostazol Chemical compound C=1C=C2NC(=O)CCC2=CC=1OCCCCC1=NN=NN1C1CCCCC1 RRGUKTPIGVIEKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical class N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010367 cloning Methods 0.000 description 1
- GKTWGGQPFAXNFI-HNNXBMFYSA-N clopidogrel Chemical compound C1([C@H](N2CC=3C=CSC=3CC2)C(=O)OC)=CC=CC=C1Cl GKTWGGQPFAXNFI-HNNXBMFYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003009 clopidogrel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001678 colestyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N collidine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=N1 UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009137 competitive binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006957 competitive inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940038717 copaxone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-ephedrine Natural products CNC(C)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWGRBVOPPLSCSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003405 delayed action preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005595 deprotonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010537 deprotonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004925 dihydropyridyl group Chemical group N1(CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPHQZTVXXXJVHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC BPHQZTVXXXJVHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090124 dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (dpp-4) inhibitors for blood glucose lowering Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001177 diphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyridamole Chemical compound C=12N=C(N(CCO)CCO)N=C(N3CCCCC3)C2=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1N1CCCCC1 IZEKFCXSFNUWAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002768 dipyridamole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002934 diuretic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001882 diuretic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N doxazosin Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC=C2OC1C(=O)N(CC1)CCN1C1=NC(N)=C(C=C(C(OC)=C2)OC)C2=N1 RUZYUOTYCVRMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001389 doxazosin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000857 drug effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024732 dysthymic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940009662 edetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007787 electrohydrodynamic spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010014599 encephalitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CHNUOJQWGUIOLD-NFZZJPOKSA-N epalrestat Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C(/C)\C=C1/SC(=S)N(CC(O)=O)C1=O CHNUOJQWGUIOLD-NFZZJPOKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950010170 epalrestat Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CHNUOJQWGUIOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N epalrestate Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C=C(C)C=C1SC(=S)N(CC(O)=O)C1=O CHNUOJQWGUIOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002179 ephedrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001208 eplerenone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JUKPWJGBANNWMW-VWBFHTRKSA-N eplerenone Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@]2(C)C[C@H]3O[C@]33[C@@]4(C)CCC(=O)C=C4C[C@H]([C@@H]13)C(=O)OC)C[C@@]21CCC(=O)O1 JUKPWJGBANNWMW-VWBFHTRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950007655 esilate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950000206 estolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000015694 estrogen receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010038795 estrogen receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001076 estrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLYIYIWVHFYJCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;propane-1,2-diol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO.CC(O)CO JLYIYIWVHFYJCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N ethyl (z)-3-(methylamino)but-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C(\C)NC FARYTWBWLZAXNK-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004403 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010228 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043351 ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylparaben Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005577 familial hyperlipidemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenofibrate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)(C)C(=O)OC(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002297 fenofibrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000020764 fibrinolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002464 fluoxetine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940050411 fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002825 functional assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003883 furosemide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000020694 gallbladder disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000021302 gastroesophageal reflux disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960003627 gemfibrozil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000016361 genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZJJXGWJIGJFDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glipizide Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CN=C1C(=O)NCCC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC2CCCCC2)C=C1 ZJJXGWJIGJFDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001381 glipizide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001731 gluceptate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-VFUOTHLCSA-N glucoheptonic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124828 glucokinase activator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940050410 gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004110 gluconeogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002989 glutamic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M glutaminate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108091005995 glycated hemoglobin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004116 glycogenolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034659 glycolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003163 gonadal steroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLXSAKCOAKORKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N gonadorelin Chemical compound C1CCC(C(=O)NCC(N)=O)N1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C(CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)CC1)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 XLXSAKCOAKORKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002474 gonadorelin antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121381 gonadotrophin releasing hormone (gnrh) antagonists Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002622 gonadotropin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002874 hemostatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002897 heparin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000669 heparin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002674 hyaluronan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960003160 hyaluronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020718 hyperplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005946 imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008004 immune attack Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006058 immune tolerance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940023383 increlex Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004026 insulin derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004068 intracellular signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009593 intrauterine fetal growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005990 isobenzothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001117 keloid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940043355 kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011813 knockout mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099584 lactobionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N lactobionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JYTUSYBCFIZPBE-AMTLMPIISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- YDTFRJLNMPSCFM-YDALLXLXSA-M levothyroxine sodium anhydrous Chemical compound [Na+].IC1=CC(C[C@H](N)C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 YDTFRJLNMPSCFM-YDALLXLXSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001294 liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N lisinopril Chemical compound C([C@H](N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002394 lisinopril Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002934 lysing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M mandelate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010000594 mecasermin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950004994 meglitinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007074 memory dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl sulfate(1-) Chemical compound COS([O-])(=O)=O JZMJDSHXVKJFKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001589 microsome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960001110 miglitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000407 monoamine reuptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000001022 morbid obesity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010025496 mucin receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000006417 multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HHXHVIJIIXKSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[1-[[1-[[1-[[1-[[3-(1-benzylimidazol-4-yl)-1-[[1-[[5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-[2-(ethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1 Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)NC(=O)C(CC=1NC=NC=1)NC(=O)C1NC(=O)CC1)CC(N=C1)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HHXHVIJIIXKSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004593 naphthyridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N nateglinide Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](C(C)C)CC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OELFLUMRDSZNSF-BRWVUGGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000698 nateglinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001613 neoplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000324 neuroprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nifedipine Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O HYIMSNHJOBLJNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001597 nifedipine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002748 norepinephrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N norepinephrine Natural products NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 SFLSHLFXELFNJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N orlistat Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[C@H](OC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC=O)C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H]1CCCCCC AHLBNYSZXLDEJQ-FWEHEUNISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001243 orlistat Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000001672 ovary Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037324 pain perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116369 pancreatic lipase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940014662 pantothenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000199 parathyroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001319 parathyroid hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010083444 peginesatide Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229960004772 peginesatide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003614 peroxisome proliferator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003562 phentermine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003016 pheromone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001095 phosphatidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002571 phosphodiesterase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002743 phosphorus functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003757 phosphotransferase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004592 phthalazinyl group Chemical group C1(=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N phylloquinone Natural products CC(C)CCCCC(C)CCC(C)CCCC(=CCC1=C(C)C(=O)c2ccccc2C1=O)C SHUZOJHMOBOZST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005095 pioglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028742 placenta development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002378 plant sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000106 platelet aggregation inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010318 polygalacturonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002643 polyglutamic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000054765 polymorphisms of proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000012495 positive regulation of renal sodium excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N probucol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC=1SC(C)(C)SC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FYPMFJGVHOHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003912 probucol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097325 prolactin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001500 prolyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])(C(=O)[*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002599 prostaglandin synthase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001185 psoriatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000005069 pulmonary fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OYSBZLVHMPNJMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 OYSBZLVHMPNJMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000948 quinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003653 radioligand binding assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N raffinose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1 MUPFEKGTMRGPLJ-ZQSKZDJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075993 receptor modulator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009076 regulation of hemostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002354 repaglinide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004007 reversed phase HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JZCPYUJPEARBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N rimonabant Chemical compound CC=1C(C(=O)NN2CCCCC2)=NN(C=2C(=CC(Cl)=CC=2)Cl)C=1C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 JZCPYUJPEARBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003015 rimonabant Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004586 rosiglitazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N rosuvastatin Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000672 rosuvastatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102220209728 rs1057523598 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102200094896 rs121913557 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220241340 rs370479598 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220273513 rs373435521 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102200037599 rs749038326 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220105358 rs750474121 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220019357 rs80358762 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N saxagliptin Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC(C3)CC2(O)CC13[C@H](N)C(=O)N1[C@H](C#N)C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]21 QGJUIPDUBHWZPV-SGTAVMJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004937 saxagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010033693 saxagliptin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000036303 septic shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N serotonin Chemical class C1=C(O)C=C2C(CCN)=CNC2=C1 QZAYGJVTTNCVMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000872 sexual dysfunction Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010040560 shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sibutramine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C1(C(N(C)C)CC(C)C)CCC1 UNAANXDKBXWMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004425 sibutramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003885 sodium benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([S-])(=O)=O PODWXQQNRWNDGD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FGGPAWQCCGEWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(S)CS FGGPAWQCCGEWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ALPWRKFXEOAUDR-GKEJWYBXSA-M sodium;[(2r)-2,3-di(octadecanoyloxy)propyl] hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)([O-])=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC ALPWRKFXEOAUDR-GKEJWYBXSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229950006451 sorbitan laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950003429 sorbitan palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000021595 spermatogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007863 steatosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011146 sterile filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008362 succinate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940118172 sucrets Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000002483 superagonistic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012622 synthetic inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950002757 teoclate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001467 thiazolidinediones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035922 thirst Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004072 thrombin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003868 thrombin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034208 thyroxine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N thyroxine-binding globulin Natural products IC1=CC(CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O)=CC(I)=C1OC1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1 XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COKMIXFXJJXBQG-NRFANRHFSA-N tirofiban Chemical compound C1=CC(C[C@H](NS(=O)(=O)CCCC)C(O)=O)=CC=C1OCCCCC1CCNCC1 COKMIXFXJJXBQG-NRFANRHFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003425 tirofiban Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002309 toloxatone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003146 transient transfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLPFTAMPNXLGLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctanoin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC VLPFTAMPNXLGLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethyl chloride Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001072 type 2 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006442 vascular tone Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001722 verapamil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940007428 victoza Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001254 vildagliptin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N vildagliptin Chemical compound C1C(O)(C2)CC(C3)CC1CC32NCC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C#N SYOKIDBDQMKNDQ-XWTIBIIYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019168 vitamin K Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003721 vitamin K derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005080 warfarin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N warfarin Chemical compound OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJVWKTKQMONHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/12—Cyclic peptides, e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/08—Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/24—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. cyclomethicone or phospholipids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/54—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
- A61K47/541—Organic ions forming an ion pair complex with the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/54—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
- A61K47/542—Carboxylic acids, e.g. a fatty acid or an amino acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/54—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
- A61K47/543—Lipids, e.g. triglycerides; Polyamines, e.g. spermine or spermidine
- A61K47/544—Phospholipids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/08—Solutions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
- A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/02—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. TRH, GnRH, CRH, GRH, somatostatin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/02—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. TRH, GnRH, CRH, GRH, somatostatin
- A61P5/04—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. TRH, GnRH, CRH, GRH, somatostatin for decreasing, blocking or antagonising the activity of the hypothalamic hormones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/10—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the posterior pituitary hormones, e.g. oxytocin, ADH
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/18—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the parathyroid hormones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂的离子配合物:PEG-羧酸;具有10个或以上碳原子的脂肪酸;阴离子磷脂;及其组合。本发明还涉及包含本发明离子配合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。所述离子配合物的阳离子多肽具有药理学活性且该配合物因配合物的阳离子多肽而可以提供比单独的阳离子多肽施用后更为期望的药代动力学特性。照此,本发明还涉及所述离子配合物或包含它的药物组合物在治疗患有对该离子配合物的阳离子多肽有响应的疾病或障碍的个体中的用途。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求2013年3月15日提交的美国临时申请号61/792,440的权益。将上述申请的全部教导引入本文作为参考。
发明背景
通常期望增强活性剂的药代动力学特性(例如延长药物作用期限或将任何不期望的作用减少至最低限度)。药物、特别是肽药物典型地在体内易溶且可以快速地被吸收,导致可利用的药物骤然增加,与更为逐步释放的药物相反。可以提供更逐步或延长药物释放的组合物可以导致施用后的药物浓度减少波动,增加每次施用的药物载量,提高稳定性和体内和体外效能,降低毒性和因施用频率较低而增加患者的依从性。照此,对于包含活性剂的提供活性剂延长释放的药物组合物存在需求。
发明概述
本发明涉及包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂的离子配合物:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;阴离子磷脂;及其组合,它们具有不同的摩尔比。本发明还涉及包含本发明离子配合物和药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物。对于所述配合物的阳离子多肽,与单独的阳离子多肽相比,该离子配合物的阳离子多肽具有药理学活性且所述配合物可以在施用后提供更期望的药代动力学特性,例如作为缓释制剂。
本发明还涉及所述离子配合物和包含它的药物组合物在治疗患有响应于所述离子配合物的阳离子多肽所具有的药理学活性的疾病或障碍的个体中的用途。在一个实施方案中,待治疗的障碍响应于需要治疗的个体的黑皮质素-4受体(MC4R)调节。该方法包括对所述个体施用有效量的包含例如本文式I中所述的那些MC4R调节剂作为阳离子多肽的离子配合物。在一个具体的实施方案中,响应于MC4R调节的障碍包括1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、男性勃起功能障碍、女性性功能障碍、非酒精性脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、物质滥用障碍,包括酒精中毒性进食障碍、恶病质、炎症和焦虑。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的化合物和组合物对MC4R和黑皮质素-3受体(MC3R)具有的选择性和性能高于对黑皮质素-1受体(MC1R)。本发明的化合物和组合物可以减少或消除不期望的副作用,例如血压效应增加、心率增加、对性唤起不期望的作用和皮肤色素沉着增加。
本发明的离子配合物和包含它们的药物组合物可以增强该配合物的阳离子多肽的药代动力学特性。例如,所述阳离子多肽的药理学作用期限可以得到延长,同时显著地缩小在其药代动力学特性中最大与最小药物暴露比例。因此,所述阴离子肽的治疗剂量可以被维持在体内的有益暴露范围内,由此缓解可能因单独的阳离子多肽药物导致的不期望的副作用的可能性。可以提供活性成分更逐步或延长释放的组合物可以导致在施用后活性成分的浓度波动减少,增加每次施用的药物载量,提高稳定性和体内和体外效能,降低毒性和因施用频率较低而增加患者的依从性。本发明的离子配合物组合物适合于在不同组的给药范围内有效地进行治疗施用,包括每日至少1次,每周1次,每隔2周1次,每隔4周1次,每隔2个月1次,每隔3个月1次,每隔4个月1次,每隔5个月1次,或每隔6个月1次。
附图简述
图1是显示药物组合物施用于猕猴后鉴定的各自的药代动力学特性的示意图。
图2是显示药物组合物施用于猕猴后鉴定的各自的药代动力学特性的示意图。
图3是显示药物组合物施用于猕猴后鉴定的各自的药代动力学特性的示意图。
发明详述
本发明实施例实施方案的描述如下。
词汇表
用于定义肽类的命名法是典型地本领域中使用的,其中N-末端上的氨基显示在左侧,而C-末端上的羧基显示在右侧。
本文所用的术语“氨基酸”包括天然存在的氨基酸和非天然的氨基酸。除非另有指示,否则本文所述化合物上的所有氨基酸及其残基均可以为D或L构型。
除非另有定义,否则本文所用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域普通技术人员通常所理解的相同的含义。将本文举出的所有出版物、专利申请、专利和其它参考文献完整地引入本文作为参考。
除非另有指示,否则本公开文本中氨基酸的所有缩写(例如Ala)是指氨基酸残基,即表示-NH-C(R)(R′)-CO-的结构,其中R和R′各自独立地是氢或氨基酸侧链(例如对于Ala,R=CH3,且R′=H;或R和R′可以连接成环系)。
多肽末端上的命名“Ac”或“NH2”表示相应的末端分别被酰化或酰胺化。
短语“氨基酸侧链之间的共价键”是指所述两个氨基酸残基的侧链各自包括能够彼此形成共价键的官能团。这种键的实例包括Cys、hCys或Pen侧链形成的二硫键和一个氨基酸侧链的氨基和另一个氨基酸侧链的羧基形成的酰胺键,例如Asp、Glu、Lys、Orn、Dbu或Dpr。当在氨基酸侧链之间形成共价键时,多肽可以被环化。这类环多肽可以用一种结构式表示或通过缩略语符号“c()”或“环()”表示。例如,“-c(Cys-Cys)-”或“-环(Cys-Cys)-”表示如下结构:
而“-c(Asp-Lys)-”或“-环(Asp-Lys)-”表示如下结构:
离子配合物:
本发明涉及包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂的离子配合物:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;磷脂;及其组合。所述离子配合物中所述阳离子多肽与所述阴离子赋形剂的摩尔比可以为,例如,约1∶1-约1∶10,其中该摩尔比基于所述阳离子多肽的电荷与所述阴离子赋形剂的电荷之比。该摩尔比通常选自约1∶1、约1∶2、约1∶3、约1∶4、约1∶5、约1∶6、约1∶7、约1∶8、约1∶9或约1∶10。
阴离子赋形剂
阴离子磷脂:
本文所用的“阴离子磷脂是这样一种磷脂,其中磷酸基团的一个或多个氧原子被脱质子化,产生有机磷酸氧代阴离子和带负电荷的脂质。天然存在的阴离子磷脂类典型地包含C16或更大的脂肪酸链。阴离子磷脂可以带有一个或多个负电荷(例如1个、2个、3个、4个、5个、6个或更多)。在一些实施方案中,所述阴离子磷脂选自:磷脂酸(PA)、磷脂酰甘油(PG)、磷脂酰肌醇(PI)或磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)。适合的阴离子脂质包括:L-α-磷脂酸、1-油酰基溶血磷脂酸、L-α-磷脂酰甘油、1,2-二-O-十四烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)(DMPG)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-L-丝氨酸(DMPS)、1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸(DPPA)、1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸(DSPA)、1,2-二硬脂酰基(steroyl)-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇(DSPE)、mPEG-2,000-DSPE、mPEG-5,000-DSPE、1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇(DPPE)、mPEG-2,000-DPPE、mPEG-5,000-DPPE、1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-4,5-二磷酸三钠盐和1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸四钠盐、1-棕榈酰基-2-油酰基磷脂酰甘油(POPG)、1-棕榈酰基-2-花生四烯酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸甘油(PAPG)、DSPG(二硬脂酰基磷脂酰甘油)、DPPG(二棕榈酰基磷脂酰甘油)、DEPG(二反油酰基磷脂酰甘油)、DOPG(二油酰基磷脂酰甘油)、DEPA(二反油酰基磷脂酸)、DOPA(二油酰基磷脂酸)、DSPS(二硬脂酰基磷脂酰丝氨酸)、DPPS(二棕榈酰基磷脂酰丝氨酸)、DEPS(二反油酰基磷脂酰丝氨酸)和DOPS(二油酰基磷脂酰丝氨酸)、L-α-溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸、L-α-溶血磷脂酰基肌醇、十四烷基膦酸、L-α-磷脂酰肌醇-4-磷酸、L-α-磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸、1,2-二植烷酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸、1,2-二-O-十四烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1′-rac-甘油)及其混合物。
用于本发明的具体的阴离子磷脂类是1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇(DSPE)缀合的聚乙二醇,其结构如下:
其中“n”的值随分子量改变。这类阴离子磷脂类在本文中称作mPEG-(Mol.Wt.)DSPE。适合的实例包括mPEG-2,000-DSPE和mPEG-5,000-DSPE,其中DSPE是1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇。其它实例包括mPEG-2,000-DPPE和mPEG-5,000-DPPE,其中DPPE是1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇。
还可以得到和使用具有链长短于C16的合成阴离子磷脂类。合成脂质还可以使用提供脂肪酸链上额外的阴离子基团的脂肪酸得到。例如,并入在羧酸基团上终止的较短脂肪酸链的1-棕榈酰基-2-戊二酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸胆碱。
这些天然存在和合成的阴离子脂质可以得自几个商业化来源,例如Avantipolarlipids(Alabaster,AL)或LipoidLLC(Newark,NJ)或CordonPharma(Boulder,CO)或NOFCorpAmerica(WhitePlains,NY)。
脂肪酸:
本文所用的“脂肪酸”是具有长脂族尾(链)的羧酸,其为饱和或不饱和的并且具有10或以上个原子的碳原子。该碳原子链可以是直链、支链、饱和、单或多不饱和链。
适合的饱和脂肪酸包括、但不限于:癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、二十二酸、二十四烷酸和二十六酸。
适合的不饱和脂肪酸包括、但不限于:顺式-2-癸烯酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、棕榈油酸、sapienicacid。油酸、反油酸、异油酸、亚油酸、反式亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、顺式-十八碳四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和植烷酸。
PEG-羧酸:
本文所用的“PEG-羧酸”是指被羧酸官能化的聚乙二醇(PEG)聚合物。PEG可以被官能化成单官能(一羧酸)或同型双官能(二羧酸)的。官能化PEG可以是直链或支链的。适用于本发明的PEG-羧酸可以具有约1,000-约100,000的平均分子量。
适用于本发明的同型双官能PEG一般可以被描述为COOH-PEG-COOH或如下化学式:
COOH-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-COOH或COOH-CH2CH2-CO-O(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-COOH或COOH-CH2CH2-CO-O(CH2CH2O)n-CO-CH2CH2-COOH,
其中“n”的值随分子量改变。例如,实施例中表示为PEG-10,000-二羧酸的PEG-羧酸是具有10,000分子量的同型双官能PEG。平均分子量在约1,000-约100,000是适合的。典型地,分子量可以为1,000-40,000。
适用于本发明的单官能PEG-羧酸的一种类型一般可以被描述为mPEG-COOH或如下化学式:
CH3O-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-COOH或CH3O-(CH2CH2O)n-CO-CH2CH2-COOH
其中“n”的值也随分子量改变。例如,实施例中使用的PEG-10000可以是具有如式中所示甲氧基的单官能PEG。平均分子量约为1,000-约100,000是适合的。典型地,分子量可以为1,000-40,000。
适用于本发明的单官能PEG-羧酸的另一种类型一般可以被描述为PEG-COOH或如下化学式:
HO-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-COOH,其中“n”的值也随分子量改变。例如,实施例中表示为PEG-10,000-一羧酸的PEG-羧酸是具有10,000分子量的单官能PEG。平均分子量在约1,000-约100,000是适合的。典型地,分子量可以为1,000-40,000。
适合的PEG-羧酸包括、但不限于PEG-10,000-一羧酸、PEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-1,000-一羧酸、mPEG-2,000-一羧酸、mPEG-5,000-一羧酸、mPEG-10,000-一羧酸、mPEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-30,000-一羧酸、mPEG-40,000-一羧酸、PEG-1,000-二羧酸、PEG-2,000-二羧酸、PEG-3,500-二羧酸、PEG-5,000-二羧酸、PEG-7,500-二羧酸、PEG-10,000-二羧酸和Y-形PEG-40,000-一羧酸。可以将上述涉及的Y-形PEG-羧酸描述如下:
其中“n”的值也决定分子量。
在具体的实施方案中,PEG-羧酸选自:PEG-5,000-一羧酸、PEG-10,000-一羧酸、PEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-5,000-一羧酸、mPEG-10,000-一羧酸、mPEG-20,000-一羧酸、PEG-5,000-二羧酸和PEG-10,000-二羧酸。
适合的PEG-羧酸可以购自Nanocs,Inc.(NewYork,NY)、JenKemTechnology(Allen,TX)或NOFCorpAmerica(WhitePlains,NY)。
在一些实施方案中,上述阴离子赋形剂的两种或多种(例如PEG-羧酸、阴离子磷脂和脂肪酸)可以用于制剂。例如,PEG-羧酸和阴离子磷脂、PEG-羧酸和脂肪酸或脂肪酸和阴离子磷脂可以用于本发明的药物制剂。在另一个实施方案中,选自脂肪酸、阴离子磷脂和PEG-羧酸的三种或以上的阴离子赋形剂存在于所述药物制剂中。在具体的实施方案中,阴离子赋形剂的组合选自:硬脂酸和mPEG-2,000-DSPE;DPPA和PEG-10,000-二羧酸;DPPA和PEG-3,350;DPPA;DPPA和mPEG-3,350和mPEG-2,000-DSPE。在另一个实施方案中,本文所述的阴离子磷脂类的任意种可以进一步与羧甲基纤维素(CMC)组合,例如mPEG-2000-DSPE和CMC的组合。
阳离子肽类:
本文所用的“阳离子多肽”是指在约5.0pH下携带正电荷的任意多肽。所述阳离子多肽可以包括天然存在的氨基酸残基、非天然存在的氨基酸残基或及其混合物。所述阳离子多肽类的正电荷因存在于多肽序列氨基酸侧链上的阳离子官能团、作为多肽序列氨基酸的α氨基的组成部分或它们两者而产生。所述阳离子多肽的正电荷还可以因连接至肽序列末端或该序列氨基酸侧链上的多肽的阳离子官能团产生。可以存在一个以上阳离子官能团,其存在于阳离子多肽上。例如,所述阳离子多肽可以具有1个、2个、3个、4个、5个、6个或以上个阳离子官能团,它们各自可以提供正电荷。这类官能团包括,例如,氨基(伯、仲或叔)、季铵基团、胍基、脒基、吡啶基、咪唑基、磷鎓基团和锍基。在一个具体的实施方案中,阳离子基团是氨基、胍基或咪唑基。
本发明的阳离子多肽可以具有一个或多个手性中心且由此以许多立体异构体形式存在。所有立体异构体及其混合物都包括在本发明范围内。可以使用制备型HPLC和具有手性固定相的柱分离外消旋化合物或使用本领域技术人员公知的方法将其拆分成各对映体。此外,可以拆分手性中间体化合物并且用于制备本发明的手性化合物。
本文所述的阳离子多肽类可以以一种或多种互变体形式存在。所有互变体及其混合物都包括在本发明范围内。
适用于本发明的阳离子多肽类包括、但不限于如下列出的多肽类别和具体多肽类和式I表示的多肽类。所述阳离子多肽类具有药理学活性。
LHRH(GnRH)激动剂:
亮丙瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Leu-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt(SEQIDNO:46)
布舍瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Ser(tBu)-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt(SEQIDNO:47):
组氨瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-His(Bzl)-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt(SEQIDNO:48)
戈舍瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Ser(tBu)-Leu-Arg-Pro-Azagly-NH2(SEQIDNO:49)
地洛瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt(SEQIDNO:50)
那法瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Nal(2)-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2(SEQIDNO:51)
曲普瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2(SEQIDNO:52)
阿伏瑞林:Pyr-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-D-Trp(2-Me)-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt(SEQIDNO:53)
GnRH拮抗剂:
阿巴瑞克:Ac-D-Nal(2)-D-Phe(4Cl)-D-Pal(3)-Ser-(Me)Tyr-D-Asn-Leu-Lys(iPr)-Pro-D-Ala-NH2(SEQIDNO:54)
西曲瑞克:Ac-D-Nal(2)-D-Phe(4Cl)-D-Pal(3)-Ser-Tyr-D-Cit-Leu-Arg-Pro-D-Ala-NH2(SEQIDNO:55)
地加瑞克:Ac-D-Nal(2)-D-Phe(4Cl)-D-Pal(3)-Ser-Phe(4-(4S)-六氢-2,6-二氧代-4-嘧啶基(羰基)氨基)-D-Phe(4-胍基)-Leu-Lys(iPr)-Pro-D-Ala-NH2(SEQIDNO:56)
加尼瑞克:Ac-D-Nal(2)-D-Cpa(4)-D-Pal(3)-Ser-Tyr-D-Harg(Et)2-Leu-Harg(Et)2-Pro-D-Ala-NH2(SEQIDNO:57)
生长抑素类似物:
奥曲肽D-Phe-[Cys-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys]-Thr-ol(SEQIDNO:58)
兰瑞肽D-Nal(2)-[Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys]-Thr-NH2(SEQIDNO:59)
伐普肽D-Phe-[Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys]-Trp-NH2(SEQIDNO:60)
帕瑞肽(Signifor)环[-(4R)-4-(2-氨基乙基氨基甲酰基氧基)-L-脯氨酰基-L-苯基甘氨酰基-D-色氨酰基-L-赖氨酰基-4-O-苄基-L-酪氨酰基-L-苯基丙氨酰基-](SEQIDNO:60)
其它肽类:
胰高血糖素
白糊精
普兰林肽
胰岛素
胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)
GLP-1激动剂
艾塞那肽
甲状旁腺素(PTH)
促肾上腺皮质素(ACTH)
肉毒毒素
淀粉样蛋白肽
缩胆囊肽(Cholecystikinin)
降钙素
芋螺毒素
阿坎酸
胃抑制肽
胰岛素样生长因子,包括以重组方式制备的IGF-1,例如Increlex
生长激素释放因子
抗微生物因子
格拉默(Copaxone)
Hematide(peginesatide)
Nasiritide
ANF肽
血管紧张肽
ACTH
人生长激素(hGH),包括以重组方式制备的hGH
黑皮质素
阿片样肽
强啡肽
缩宫素
缩宫素类似物,包括拮抗剂
加压素和类似物;和
生长抑素及其类似物。
式I的阳离子多肽类:
用于本发明的阳离子多肽是式(I)的那些或其药学上可接受的盐:
或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1是H或C1-C6酰基;
R2是-NR3R4或-OR5,其中R3、R4和R5彼此独立地是H或C1-C6烷基;
A1是选自Arg、Lys、Orn、His、Nle、Phe、Val、Leu、Trp、Tyr、Ala、Ser、Thr、Gln、Asn、Asp、Glu或TzAla的氨基酸残基;或
A1是选自如下的部分:任选取代的C1-C12烷基、任选取代的C6-C18芳基、任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基、芳烷基,其中所述芳基部分是任选取代的C6-C18芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基,或杂芳烷基,其中所述杂芳基部分是任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基;
A2和A8彼此独立地是氨基酸残基,其选自Cys、hCys、Pen、Asp、Glu、Lys、Orn、Dbu或Dpr,其中A2和A8配对选择以便能够在其相应的侧链之间形成共价键;
A3不存在或是选自Ala、Tle、Val、Leu、Ile、Cha、Pro、Ser、Thr、Lys、Arg、His、Phe、Gln、Sar、Gly、Asn或Aib的氨基酸残基;
A4不存在或选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、任选取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基,其中X是由如下结构式表示的氨基酸:
A5是任选取代的Phe、任选取代的1-Nal或任选取代的2-Nal;
A6是Arg;且
A7是Trp,
其中任意的氨基酸残基是L-或D-构型型。
在实施例的实施方案中,A3和A4不是都不存在。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在实施例的实施方案中,当A4是氨基酸时,A3不是Aib或Gly。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在实施例的实施方案中,当A4是His且A5是D-Phe或2-Nal时,A3不是D-氨基酸或L-Ala。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在实施例的实施方案中,当A2和A8各自选自Cys、hCys或Pen,:(a)当A4不存在时,则A3不是L-His;(b)当A3不存在时,则A4不是L-His;和(c)当A4是His时,则A3不是Glu、Leu或Lys。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在实施例的实施方案中:1)A3和A4不是都不存在;2)当A4是氨基酸时,A3不是Aib或Gly;和3)当A4是His且A5是D-Phe或2-Nal时,A3不是D-氨基酸或L-Ala;4)当A2和A8各自选自Cys、hCys或Pen时:(a)当A4不存在时,则A3不是L-His;(b)当A3不存在时,则A4不是L-His;和(c)当A4是His时,则A3不是Glu、Leu或Lys。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在另一个实施方案中,式(I)的多肽类,A4是L-氨基酸。在其它实施方案中,A4不存在。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在实施例的实施方案中,A5可以是任选取代的1-Nal或任选取代的2-Nal,例如,任选取代的D-2-Nal。A5可以在任意5个芳族碳上被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3的取代基取代。
在另一个实施方案中,式(I)的多肽类,A5是任选取代的D-Phe。A5可以在任意5个芳族碳上被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3的取代基取代。A5的适合的实例包括、但不限于D-氨基酸残基,其选自:Phe、Phe(2’-F)、Phe(2’-Cl)、Phe(2’-Br)、Phe(2’-I)、Phe(2’-CN)、Phe(2’-CH3)、Phe(2’-OCH3)、Phe(2’-CF3)、Phe(2’-NO2)、Phe(3’-F)、Phe(3’-Cl)、Phe(3’-Br)、Phe(3’-I)、Phe(3’-CN)、Phe(3’-CH3)、Phe(3’-OCH3)、Phe(3’-CF3)、Phe(3’-NO2)、Phe(4’-F)、Phe(4’-Cl)、Phe(4’-Br)、Phe(4’-I)、Phe(4’-CN)、Phe(4’-CH3)、Phe(4’-OCH3)、Phe(4’-CF3)、Phe(4’-NO2)、Phe(4’-t-Bu)、Phe(2’,4’-二F)、Phe(2’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(2’,4’-二Br)、Phe(2’,4’-二I)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(2’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二F)、Phe(3’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,4’-二Br)、Phe(3’,4’-二I)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二F)、Phe(3’,5’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,5’-二Br)、Phe(3’,5’-二I)、Phe(3’,5’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,5’-二CH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二-OCH3)或Phe(3’,4’,5’-三F)。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在另一个实施方案中,式(I)的多肽类,A5是任选取代的D-2-Nal。A5可以在任意5个芳族碳上被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3的取代基取代。
在另一个实施方案中,式(I)的多肽类,A4是在任意可取代的位置上被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2、苄基或-OCH3的取代基取代的His。其余变量的值和优选值如上述对式(I)所定义。
在一个具体的实施方案中,本发明的化合物是式(I)的那些多肽类,其具有对于MC4R的EC50约为0.01nM-约10nM,例如0.01-3nM,同时具有的EC50(MC1R)/EC50(MC4R)之比至少为10。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括如下结构式的任意一种:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由式(I)表示的多肽,其中A4是选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基。这种肽类的实例包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的肽类:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(3-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:6);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQIDNO:7)
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:8);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:9);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:10);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Arg-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:11);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Tyr-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:12);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-D-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:13);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:14);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Pro-D-Phe(p-F)-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:15);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Atc-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:16);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-QAla-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:17);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-sChp-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:18);
或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-X-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:19),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在实施例的实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:20);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:21);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen]-NH2(SEQIDNO:22);
Ac-Arg-环[Glu-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dpr]-NH2(SEQIDNO:23);
Ac-Arg-环[Glu-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dpr]-NH2(SEQIDNO:24);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Aib-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:25);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Sar-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:26);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Val-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:27);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Val-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:28);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:29);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:30);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen]-NH2(SEQIDNO:31);
Ac-Arg-环[D-Pen-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:32);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:33);
Ac-Arg-环[Pen-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:34);
Ac-Arg-环[D-hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:35);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:36);或
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:37),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括式(I)表示的多肽类,其中A3是选自Tle、Val、Leu、Ile、Cha、Pro、Ser、Thr、Lys、Arg、His、Phe、Gln、Sar、Gly、Asn或Aib的氨基酸残基;且A4是选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基。这种肽类的实例包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的肽类:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-Val-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:38);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:39);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:40),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-TzAla-环[Cys-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:41);
或
Ac-Glu-环[Cys-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:42),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:7)
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:9)
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:10)
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Leu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:2);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ile-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:3);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Tle-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:4);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:5),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明的多肽类包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:84);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:85);
或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:86),
或其药学上可接受的盐。在本发明另外的肽类(eptides)中包括由如下结构式的任意一种表示的多肽:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:87);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:88);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:89),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
在一个可选的实施方案中,用于本发明的阳离子肽类是式(II)的那些或其药学上可接受的盐:
如下结构式(II)的分离的多肽:
或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1是-H或C1-C6酰基;
R2是-NR3R4或-OR5,其中R3、R4和R5彼此独立地是H或C1-C6烷基;
A1不存在;或
A1是选自Arg、Lys、Orn、His、Nle、Phe、Val、Leu、Trp、Tyr、Ala、Ser、Thr、Gln、Asn、Asp、Glu或TzAla的氨基酸残基;或
A1是选自如下的部分:任选取代的C1-C12烷基、任选取代的C6-C18芳基、任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基、芳烷基,其中所述芳基部分是任选取代的C6-C18芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基,或杂芳烷基,其中所述杂芳基部分是任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基;
A2和A8彼此独立地是选自Cys、hCys、Pen、Asp、Glu、Lys、Orn、Dbu或Dpr的氨基酸残基,其中A2和A8配对选择以便能够在其相应的侧链之间形成共价键;
A3不存在或是选自Ala、Tle、Val、Leu、Ile、Cha、Pro、Ser、Thr、Lys、Arg、His、Phe、Gln、Sar、Gly、Asn、Aib或残基Y的氨基酸残基,其中Y是选自由如下结构式表示的氨基酸的氨基酸:
其中:
R11和R12各自独立地是H、-CH3、苯基或苄基;
R21、R22、R23和R24各自独立地是H、-CH3、-CF3、苯基、苄基、F、Cl、Br、I、-OCH3或-OH;
R31、R32、R33、R34、R41、R42和R43各自独立地是H、-CH3、-CF3、苯基、苄基、F、Cl、Br、I、-OCH3或-OH;
A4不存在或是选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、任选取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基,其中X是选自由如下结构式表示的氨基酸的氨基酸:
其中:
R51和R52各自独立地是H、-CH3、苯基或苄基;
R61、R62、R63和R64各自独立地是H、-CH3、-CF3、苯基、苄基、F、Cl、Br、I、-OCH3或-OH;
R71、R72、R73、R74、R81、R82和R83各自独立地是H、-CH3、-CF3、苯基、苄基、F、Cl、Br、I、-OCH3或-OH;
A5是任选取代的Phe、任选取代的1-Nal或任选取代的2-Nal;
A6是Arg;且
A7是Trp,
其中任意的氨基酸残基是L-或D-构型。
在实施例的实施方案中,A3和A4各自独立地是选自由如下结构式表示的氨基酸的氨基酸残基:
其余变量的值和优选值如本文对于式(I)所定义。
单独的或作为较大部分例如“羟基烷基”、“烷氧基烷基”、“烷基胺”的组成部分的“烷基”是指具有指定碳原子数、典型地具有1-12个碳原子的直链或支链饱和脂族基团。更具体地,所述脂族基团可以具有1-8、1-6或1-4个碳原子。该术语以如下基团为示例,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正己基等。
“卤代烷基”是指被一个或多个卤原子取代的烷基。
“卤素”和“卤代”是指氟、氯、溴或碘。
“氰基”是指基团-CN。
“Ph”是指苯基。
“羰基”是指二价-C(O)-基团。
单独的或作为如“芳烷基”中的较大部分的组成部分的“芳基”是指具有单环或多个稠合环的6-18个碳原子的芳族碳环。术语“芳基”还包括与环烷基或杂环烷基稠合的芳族碳环。芳基的实例包括苯基、苯并[d][1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯、萘基、菲基等。
“芳氧基”是指-OAr基团,其中O是氧原子,且Ar是如上述所定义的芳基。
“芳烷基”是指具有至少一个被芳基部分例如苄基、-(CH2)2苯基、-(CH2)3苯基、-CH(苯基)2等替代的烷基氢原子的烷基。
单独的或作为如“杂芳烷基”中的较大部分的组成部分的“杂芳基”是指5-18元单环、双环或三环杂芳族环系,其包含1-4个独立地选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。术语“杂芳基”还包括与环烷基或杂环烷基稠合的杂芳族环。杂芳基的具体实例包括任选取代的吡啶基、吡咯基、嘧啶基、呋喃基、噻吩基、咪唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、吡唑基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,4-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、1,3,4-噁二唑基、1,3,4-三嗪基、1,2,3-三嗪基、苯并呋喃基、[2,3-二氢]苯并呋喃基、异苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并三唑基、异苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、异吲哚基、3H-吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噁唑基、喹嗪基、喹唑啉基、酞嗪基(pthalazinyl)、喹喔啉基(quinoxalinyl)、噌啉基、萘啶基、吡啶并[3,4-b]吡啶基、吡啶并[3,2-b]吡啶基、吡啶并[4,3-b]吡啶基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四唑基、1,2,3,4-四氢喹啉基、1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉基、嘌呤基、蝶啶基、咔唑基、呫吨基、苯并喹啉基等。
“杂芳烷基”是指具有至少一个被杂芳基部分例如-CH2-吡啶基、-CH2-嘧啶基等替代的烷基氢原子的烷基。
“烷氧基”是指基团-O-R,其中R是“烷基”、“环烷基”、“链烯基”或“炔基”。烷氧基的实例包括,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、乙烯氧基等。
“羟基烷基”和“烷氧基烷基”是分别被羟基和烷氧基取代的烷基。
“氨基”是指-NH2;“烷基胺”和“二烷基胺”分别是指-NHR和-NR2,其中R是烷基。“环烷基胺”和“二环烷基胺”分别是指-NHR和-NR2,其中R是环烷基。“环烷基烷基胺”是指-NHR,其中R是环烷基烷基。“[环烷基烷基][烷基]胺”是指-N(R)2,其中一个R是环烷基烷基,而另一个R是烷基。
“酰基”是指R″-C(O)-,其中R″是H、烷基、取代的烷基、杂烷基、取代的杂烷基、链烯基、取代的链烯基、芳基、烷基芳基或取代的烷基芳基,且在一个具体的实施方案的通式中显示为“Ac”。
“烷基”、“芳基”或“杂芳基”等的适合的取代基是形成本发明稳定的化合物的那些。适合的取代基的实例是选自如下的那些:卤素、-CN、-OH、-NH2、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)卤代烷基、芳基、杂芳基、(C3-C7)环烷基、(5-7元)杂环烷基、-NH(C1-C6)烷基、-N((C1-C6)烷基)2、(C1-C6)烷氧基、(C1-C6)烷氧羰基、-CONH2、-OCONH2、-NHCONH2、-N(C1-C6)烷基CONH2、-N(C1-C6)烷基CONH(C1-C6)烷基、-NHCONH(C1-C6)烷基、-NHCON((C1-C6)烷基)2、-N(C1-C6)烷基CON((C1-C6)烷基)2、-NHC(S)NH2、-N(C1-C6)烷基C(S)NH2、-N(C1-C6)烷基C(S)NH(C1-C6)烷基、-NHC(S)NH(C1-C6)烷基、-NHC(S)N((C1-C6)烷基)2、-N(C1-C6)烷基C(S)N((C1-C6)烷基)2、-CONH(C1-C6)烷基、-OCONH(C1-C6)烷基-CON((C1-C6)烷基)2、-C(S)(C1-C6)烷基、-S(O)p(C1-C6)烷基、-S(O)pNH2、-S(O)pNH(C1-C6)烷基、-S(O)pN((C1-C6)烷基)2、-CO(C1-C6)烷基、-OCO(C1-C6)烷基、-C(O)O(C1-C6)烷基、-OC(O)O(C1-C6)烷基、-C(O)H或-CO2H。更具体地,所述取代基选自卤素、-CN、-OH、-NH2、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)卤代烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、苯基和(C3-C7)环烷基。在本发明范围内,所述″取代″还是指包括其中氢原子被氘原子替代的情况。p是具有1或2的值的整数。
取代的Phe上的适合的取代基包括任意芳族碳上的1-5个取代基,所述取代基选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3。实例包括Phe(2’-F)、Phe(2’-Cl)、Phe(2’-Br)、Phe(2’-I)、Phe(2’-CN)、Phe(2’-CH3)、Phe(2’-OCH3)、Phe(2’-CF3)、Phe(2’-NO2)、Phe(3’-F)、Phe(3’-Cl)、Phe(3’-Br)、Phe(3’-I)、Phe(3’-CN)、Phe(3’-CH3)、Phe(3’-OCH3)、Phe(3’-CF3)、Phe(3’-NO2)、Phe(4’-F)、Phe(4’-Cl)、Phe(4’-Br)、Phe(4’-I)、Phe(4’-CN)、Phe(4’-CH3)、Phe(4’-OCH3)、Phe(4’-CF3)、Phe(4’-NO2)、Phe(4’-t-Bu)、Phe(2’,4’-二F)、Phe(2’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(2’,4’-二Br)、Phe(2’,4’-二I)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(2’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二F)、Phe(3’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,4’-二Br)、Phe(3’,4’-二I)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二F)、Phe(3’,5’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,5’-二Br)、Phe(3’,5’-二I)、Phe(3’,5’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,5’-二CH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二-OCH3)或Phe(3’,4’,5’-三F)。
取代的His上的适合的取代基包括任意可取代环原子上的1-3个取代基,所述取代基选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2、苄基或-OCH3。实例包括1-甲基-组氨酸和3-甲基-组氨酸。
命名“(氨基酸)n”是指重复n次的氨基酸。例如,命名“(Pro)2”或“(Arg)3”是指分别重复2次或3次的脯氨酸或精氨酸。
本文公开的化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括在本发明内。例如,可以通过使所述化合物与适合的有机酸或无机酸反应得到包含胺或其它碱性基团的化合物的酸式盐,得到药学上可接受的阴离子盐形式。阴离子盐的实例包括乙酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、溴化物、乙二胺四乙酸钙、右旋樟脑磺酸、碳酸盐、氯化物、柠檬酸盐、二盐酸盐、乙二胺四乙酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、依托酸盐、乙磺酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐(glyceptate)、葡糖酸盐、谷氨酸盐、乙二醇基对氨基苯胂酸盐(glycollylarsanilate)、己基间苯二酚酸盐(hexylresorcinate)、氢溴酸盐、盐酸盐、羟基萘甲酸盐、碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、乳酸盐、乳糖酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、粘酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、扑酸盐、泛酸盐、磷酸盐/二磷酸盐(diphospate)、聚半乳糖酸盐、水杨酸盐、硬脂酸盐、次醋酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、鞣酸盐、酒石酸盐、茶氯酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、三乙基碘和三氟乙酸盐。
可以通过与适合的碱反应制备包含酸性官能团的化合物的盐。可以使用得到药学上可接受的阳离子的碱制备这种药学上可接受的盐,包括碱金属盐(尤其是钠和钾)、碱土金属盐(尤其是钙和镁)、铝盐和铵盐,以及由生理学可接受的碱形成的盐,例如三甲胺、三乙胺、吗啉、吡啶、哌啶、甲基吡啶、二环己胺、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、2-羟基乙胺、双-(2-羟基乙基)胺、三-(2-羟基乙基)胺、普鲁卡因、二苄基哌啶、去氢枞胺、N,N’-双去氢枞胺、葡萄糖胺、N-甲基葡萄糖胺、可力丁、奎宁、喹啉和碱性氨基酸,例如赖氨酸和精氨酸。
药物组合物
本发明还涉及药物组合物:其包含:离子配合物,该离子配合物包含:阳离子多肽;选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;阴离子磷脂;及其组合;和药学上可接受的载体。在一个实施方案中,所述药物组合物还包含如下所述的另外的赋形剂(例如羧甲基纤维素(CMC))。例如,本文所述的任意阴离子磷脂类(phospholipids)可以与羧甲基纤维素(CMC)组合,例如mPEG-2000-DSPE和CMC的组合。
所述阳离子肽和阴离子赋形剂的浓度比根据多肽中的阳离子电荷与阴离子赋形剂的电荷的摩尔比确定。例如,相对于多肽的一个正电荷,阴离子赋形剂的量可以为1∶1-1∶10。对于多肽中另外的正电荷,可以由此调整阴离子赋形剂的比例。通过改变该比例内阴离子赋形剂的量,可以调节多肽的体内释放特性。较高的比例典型地可以产生提供多肽从施用部位的释放比较低比例缓慢的组合物。
本发明药物组合物中的术语“药学上可接受的载体”是指生物相容性极性液体。液体的极性有助于维持配合物的离子形式。生物相容性极性液体包括、但不限于PEG(聚乙二醇,例如具有100-5000的平均分子量的聚乙二醇)、多元醇(例如丙二醇(PG)、三丙二醇、甘油)、乙醇、苄醇、DMSO、NMP、DMF、水、pH缓冲溶液及其混合物。应当理解,如下所述的另外的稀释剂和另外的赋形剂可以包括在所述药物组合物中。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的药物组合物在注入个体时形成药物储库。在一些实施方案中,在注入个体后所述药物储库随时间释放活性化合物。在一个方面,所述药物组合物的至少部分沉淀以形成药物储库,并且在注入个体时随时间释放药理学活性化合物。在一些实施方案中,本发明的组合物考虑到了适合于在体内生成用于缓释稳态治疗有效水平的多肽的药物储库的高浓度的结构式(I)的多肽。制剂中结构式(I)的多肽的浓度范围的实例约为0.0001mg/mL-约100mg/mL。
本发明的药物组合物可以包括另外的赋形剂(本文中也称作辅助赋形剂)。另外的赋形剂的适合的实例包括如本文所定义的pH稳定缓冲剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、张度剂和离子和非离子聚合物。
可以加入这类辅助赋形剂以有助于形成离子配合物的均匀混悬液和分散液,乃至疏水性类型的阴离子赋形剂,例如,脂质或脂肪酸。辅助赋形剂的种类包括分散剂和乳化剂,例如卵磷脂、大豆油、蓖麻油、migliol、聚乙二醇(MW范围在200-5,000)、甲基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素。
本文所用的术语“表面活性剂”是指倾向于降低其中溶解的液体的表面张力的表面活性试剂或物质。适合的表面活性剂包括聚山梨醇酯类、伯洛沙姆类、Triton、十二烷硫酸钠、月桂硫酸钠和甜菜碱。例如,表面活性剂包括聚氧乙烯(20)月桂山梨坦(20,例如来自Sigma-Aldrich)、聚氧乙烯(20)棕榈山梨坦(40)、聚氧乙烯(20)去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(80)、泊洛沙姆188、聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物(F-68,例如来自Sigma-Aldrich)、聚乙二醇660-12-羟基硬脂酸酯(HS15,BASF)、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、亚油酰基甜菜碱(linoleylbetaine)、肉豆蔻基甜菜碱、鲸蜡基甜菜碱、聚乙氧基化蓖麻油(目前KolliphorBASF)和卵磷脂。
本文所用的术语“张度剂”是指用于调节制剂张度的物质。张度通常是指通常相对于人血清的溶液渗透压。制剂可以是低渗的、等渗的或高渗的。制剂典型地优选是等渗的。等渗制剂是液体或由固体形式例如冻干形式再溶解的液体,且表示具有与它所对比的一些其它溶液相同张度的溶液,例如生理盐水溶液和血清。张度剂可以有助于减轻注射时的疼痛和刺激。适合的张度剂包括葡萄糖、甘油、羟乙基淀粉、乳糖、甘露糖醇(例如D-甘露糖醇)、棉子糖、山梨醇、蔗糖、海藻糖、氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化镁和氯化钾。
本文所用的术语″缓冲剂″表示稳定药物组合物pH的赋形剂。适合的缓冲剂是本领域众所周知的且可以在文献中找到。适合的缓冲剂的实例包括组氨酸-缓冲剂、柠檬酸盐-缓冲剂、琥珀酸盐-缓冲剂、乙酸盐-缓冲剂和磷酸盐-缓冲剂或其混合物。最优选的缓冲剂包含柠檬酸盐、L-组氨酸或L-组氨酸和L-组氨酸盐酸盐的混合物。另外优选的缓冲剂是柠檬酸盐缓冲剂。与所用缓冲剂独立地,可以使用本领域公知的酸或碱调整pH,例如盐酸、乙酸、磷酸、硫酸和柠檬酸、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾。
适合于作为另外的赋形剂使用的离子聚合物包括离子羧甲基纤维素(CMC)、透明质酸、聚(谷氨酸)、聚(天冬氨酸)、聚(谷氨酸-共-甘氨酸)、聚(天冬氨酸-共-甘氨酸)、聚(谷氨酸-共-丙氨酸)、聚(天冬氨酸-共-丙氨酸)、甘醇酸淀粉钠、多聚半乳糖醛酸、聚(丙烯酸)、角叉菜胶和藻酸。
在一些实施方案中,CMC具有约5,000-约700,000的平均分子量。在一些实施方案中,甲基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素可以有助于调节所述离子配合物的粘度,以增强活性化合物的药物储库的缓释并且在注入个体时随时间释放活性化合物。
适合于作为另外的赋形剂使用的非离子聚合物包括具有约100-100,000、例如约100-约60,000、例如约100-约10,000例如约100-约5000的MW的聚乙二醇。其它分子量范围包括约200-约60,000。中性聚合物的适合的实例包括PEG-3350和PEG-3400。聚乙二醇聚合物包括PEG和mPEG,其可以为一甲氧基或二甲氧基。PEG在结构上可以如下所示:
HO-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-OH
其中“n”的值随分子量改变。例如,PEG-3500酸具有3,500的分子量。
mPEG可以具有如下两种结构之一:
一甲氧基mPEG:CH3O-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-OH。一端被甲氧基封端,而另一端具有羟基(OH)基团。
二甲氧基mPEG:CH3O-(CH2CH2O)n-CH2CH2-OCH3。两端均被甲氧基封端。
可以向本发明的药物组合物中加入稀释剂,以便进一步溶解或混悬本发明的离子配合物。稀释剂包括生物相容性材料,例如低粘度的非水可注射的液体。低粘度的非水可注射的液体包括蓖麻油、植物油、矿物油、角鲨烯、单酸甘油酯类、二脂酰甘油酯类、甘油三酯类或甘油酯类的混合物。在一些实施方案中,所述稀释剂是812(来自SasolGmbH,Germany)、WL1349(辛酸甘油酯,来自Gattefossecompany,France)或类脂MCT(来自Lipoid公司,Germany)等。
本文所用的“药物储库”是指可以在注射本发明的药物组合物后形成的沉淀。这些组合物可以在注入个体时形成活性化合物的缓释药物储库并且随时间释放活性化合物。在一个方面,在注入个体时,组合物的至少部分沉淀并且随时间释放药理学活性化合物。
“防腐剂”是加入到制剂中减少制剂中细菌活动或不期望的化学改变的化合物。防腐剂的实例包括苄醇、乙醇、甲醇、异丙醇、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、cathechol、2-氯酚、间-甲酚、苯酚、间苯二酚、木糖醇、2,6-二甲基环己醇、2-甲基-2,4-戊二醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苄索氯铵、硫柳汞(硫柳汞(thimersosal))、苯甲酸、苯扎氯铵、三氯叔丁醇、苯甲酸钠、丙酸钠和西吡氯铵。
治疗方法
本发明涉及所述离子配合物和包含它们的药物组合物在治疗患有响应于所述离子配合物的阳离子多肽具有的药理学活性的疾病或障碍的个体中的用途。在一个实施方案中,待治疗的障碍响应于需要治疗的个体的MC4R调节。该方法包括对所述个体适用有效量的包含MC4R调节剂、例如本文所述的式I中所述的那些作为阳离子多肽的离子配合物。在一个具体的实施方案中,响应于MC4R调节的障碍包括1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、男性勃起功能障碍、女性性功能障碍、非酒精性脂肪肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、物质滥用障碍,包括酒精中毒性进食障碍、恶病质、炎症和焦虑。
在一些实施方案中,包含式I的阳离子多肽的离子配合物和药物组合物对于MC4R和黑皮质素-3受体(MC3R)的选择性和性能高于对黑皮质素-1受体(MC1R)。本发明的离子配合物和药物组合物可以减少或消除不期望的副作用,如血压效应增加、心率增加、对性唤起的不期望的作用和皮肤色素沉着增加。
本文所用的短语“响应于黑皮质素-4受体调节的障碍”是指可以通过活化(激动)或抑制MC4R治疗的任意障碍。这类障碍的实例在下文中详细描述。
本文所用的术语“调节剂”是指与靶受体发生相互作用并且影响其生物功能的化合物。调节剂的实例包括全激动剂、部分激动剂、中性拮抗剂和反激动剂。
本文所用的术语“激动剂”是指天然存在的或合成的在与其本文的靶标MC4R发生相互作用(例如与之结合)时将MC4R的信号传导活性升至高于其基础水平的任意化学化合物。激动剂可以是超兴奋剂(即能够产生大于靶受体的内源性激动剂的最大响应且由此具有100%以上效能的化合物)、全激动剂(即在受体占据和活化之后引起最大响应的化合物)或部分激动剂(即可以活化受体、但不能引起受体系统的最大响应的化合物)。MC4R激动剂的实例如在下文中详细描述。
本文所用的术语“拮抗剂”是指在与其本文的靶标MC4R发生相互作用(例如与之结合)时以剂量依赖性方式阻断激动剂化合物与MC4R的信号传导活性的任意化学化合物。
本文所用的术语“反激动剂”是指在与其本文的靶标MC4R发生相互作用(例如与之结合)时以剂量依赖性方式降低MC4R的信号传导活性的基础水平的任意化学化合物。
本文所用的“有效量”是指以治疗或预防方式足以治疗目标障碍的作为离子配合物或包含该离子配合物的药物组合物的药理活性剂的用量。有效量的实例典型地约为0.0001mg/kg体重-约500mg/kg体重。实例范围约为0.001mg/kg体重-约500mg/kg。例如,有效量可以约为0.005mg/kg-约500mg/kg。在其它实例中,该范围约为0.0001mg/kg-约5mg/kg。在其它实例中,有效量约为0.01mg/kg体重-50mg/kg体重或0.01mg/kg体重-20mg/kg体重。
本文所用的术语“第二种活性剂”包括任意活性药物成分(API),在与本文所述的肽组合时,其增强由单独的本文所述的肽产生的治疗作用或显示与本文所述的肽的协同作用(即显示大于累加作用的联合作用)。本文所用的“增强的治疗作用”包括非协同作用的改善的治疗特性。增强的治疗作用的实例包括降低的本文所述的肽的有效剂量、本文所述的肽的延长的治疗窗等。可以施用一种或多种第二种活性剂。第二种活性剂的实例在下文中详细描述。
可以在本文所述的肽施用之前、与之同时或之后施用第二种活性剂。因此,可以将本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂在单一制剂中一起施用或可以将它们在单独的制剂中例如同时或依次施用。例如,如果本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂在单独的组合物中依次施用,则可以将本文所述的肽在第二种治疗剂之前或之后施用。此外,可以将本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂使用类似的给药方案施用。例如,本文所述的肽和第二种治疗剂可以具有不同的半衰期和/或以不同的时间期限起作用,使得将本文所述的肽以比第二种治疗剂更大的频率施用,或反之亦然。最终,可以在本文所述的肽之后施用第二种活性剂,作为连续施用两种治疗剂的结果,可以进一步增强治疗效能。可以将本文所述的肽或第二种活性剂紧急地或长期施用。
可以通过共同施用第一种用量的具有MC4R调节剂活性的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和第二种用量的至少一种第二种活性剂实现本发明方法或组合物中的有效量。在一个实施方案中,可以以相应的有效量各自施用本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂(即如果单独施用可以为治疗有效各自用量)。在另一个实施方案中,以单独不提供治疗作用的用量(亚治疗剂量)各自施用本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂。在另一个实施方案中,可以以有效量施用本文所述的肽,而以亚治疗剂量施用第二种活性剂。在另一个实施方案中,可以以亚治疗剂量施用本文所述的肽,而以有效量施用第二种活性剂。在实施例实施方案中,本文所述的肽和第二种活性剂的组合显示比单独的本文所述的肽或第二种活性剂增强的治疗作用或协同作用。
可以使用用于评价药物相互作用的适合的方法确定协同作用的存在。适合的方法包括,例如Sigmoid-Emax方程(Holford,N.H.G.和Scheiner,L.B.,Clin.Pharmacokinet.6:429-453(1981))、Loewe加和性方程(Loewe,S.和Muischnek,H.,Arch.Exp.Pathol.Pharmacol.114:313-326(1926))和中间-效应方程(Chou,T.C.和Talalay,P.,Adv.EnzymeRegul.22:27-55(1984))。上文涉及的每个方程可以配有实验数据,生成相应的示意图,以辅助评价药物组合的作用。与上文涉及的方程相关的相应示意图分别是浓度-效应曲线、等效线图解曲线和联合指数曲线。
本文所用的“个体”是指哺乳动物,优选人,但还可以指需要兽医治疗的动物,例如陪伴动物(例如狗、猫等)、农场动物(例如牛、绵羊、猪、马等)和实验室动物(例如大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠等)。
本文所用的“治疗”包括部分或基本上实现延迟、抑制或预防与目标障碍相关的临床适应征的发展。例如,“治疗”包括部分或基本上实现如下结果的一种或多种:部分或完全减轻体重(例如,正如根据人体质量指数BMI所确定的);改善或改进与肥胖相关的临床症状或指征,例如II型糖尿病、前驱糖尿病病症、血红蛋白A1C(Hb1Ac)的血液水平高于6%、高胰岛素血症(hyperinsulimenia)、高脂血症、胰岛素无敏感性、葡糖耐受不良等;延迟、抑制或预防肥胖和肥胖相关适应征发展;或部分或完全延迟、抑制或预防肥胖或肥胖相关适应征发作或发展。延迟、抑制或预防肥胖发展包括,例如延迟、抑制或预防具有正常体重的个体发展成肥胖。术语“治疗”还包括部分或完全降低冠状动脉疾病、中风和与代谢综合征相关的糖尿病(例如2型)的风险和改善或改进与代谢综合征相关的代谢综合征的临床症状或征兆,例如上述5种指征的任意一种或多种。例如,“治疗”包括延迟、抑制或预防与代谢综合征包括胰岛素抵抗、葡萄糖清除相关的参数和心血管疾病参数包括心率和血压发展,关节病、炎症、睡眠呼吸暂停、贪食症和其它进食障碍,包括食欲亢进、用于体重减轻的支持疗法和矫形外科前的支持型体重减轻疗法。“预防性治疗”是指在目标障碍的临床症状发作前的治疗以预防、抑制或降低其发生率。
响应性障碍
响应于MC4R调节的障碍且更一般地是响应于上述列出的多肽类别和具体多肽的药理学作用的障碍的实例包括急性和慢性炎症疾病诸如泛发性炎症、炎性肠病、脑炎症、脓毒症和脓毒性休克;具有自身免疫成分的疾病,例如类风湿性关节炎、痛风性关节炎和多发性硬化;代谢疾病和伴有体重增长的医学病症,例如肥胖、进食障碍和帕-魏二氏综合征;代谢疾病和伴随体重减轻的医学病症,例如食欲减退、食欲亢进、艾滋病消耗、恶病质、癌症恶病质和虚弱老人消瘦;糖尿病和糖尿病相关病症和糖尿病并发症,例如视网膜病变;瘤性增生,例如皮肤癌和前列腺癌;生殖或性医学病症,例如女性中的子宫内膜异位症和子宫出血、性功能障碍、勃起功能障碍和女性中的性反应减少;因治疗产生的疾病或病症或生物体创伤,例如器官移植排斥、局部缺血和再灌注损伤、脊髓损伤治疗和加速伤口愈合以及由化疗、放疗、短暂或永久性固定导致的体重减轻和透析;心血管疾病或病症,例如出血性休克、心源性休克、低血容量性休克、心血管障碍和心原性恶病质;肺部疾病或病症,例如急性呼吸窘迫综合征、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、哮喘和肺纤维化;增强免疫耐受性和抗击对免疫系统的攻击,例如与一些过敏原或器官移植排斥相关的那些;治疗皮肤病和病症,例如银屑病、皮肤色素沉着耗尽、痤疮、瘢痕疙瘩形成和皮肤癌;行为、中枢神经系统或神经元性病症和障碍,例如焦虑、抑郁症、记忆和记忆力功能障碍、调节疼痛感觉和治疗神经性疼痛;与饮酒、酒精滥用和/或酒精中毒相关的病症和疾病;和肾病症或疾病,例如治疗肾病性恶病质或钠尿增多。另外的实例包括个体的正常或稳态的活动,包括甲状腺素释放、醛固酮合成和释放、体温、血压、心率、血管紧张度、脑血流量、血糖水平、骨代谢、骨形成或发育、卵巢重量、胎盘形成、催乳素和FSH分泌、子宫内胎儿发育、分娩、精子发生、皮脂和信息素分泌、神经保护和神经生长和调节动机、学习和其它行为。其它实例包括贪食症、食欲亢进或其它进食障碍。
在实施例实施方案中,响应于MC4R受体调节的障碍是1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征、心血管疾病或低密度脂蛋白/高密度脂蛋白/甘油三酯不平衡、非酒精性脂肪肝病和物质滥用障碍。
在实施例实施方案中,响应于MC4R受体调节的障碍是1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗或代谢综合征。
肥胖
本文所用的术语“肥胖”是指具有约30kg/m2或更高的人体质量指数(BMI)的个体,例如BMI为25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37kg/m2或更高。在具体的实施方案中,肥胖个体具有被疾病控制中心(CenterforDiseaseControl)定义为“肥胖”范围内的BMI。参见,在2011年10月28日最新评价的URLhttp://www.cdc.gov/obesity/defining.html。例如,在一些实施方案中,具有BMI>=30.0kg/m2的成年人属于肥胖。
糖尿病和相关障碍
在实施例实施方案中,用本发明提供的方法治疗的个体具有发生糖尿病相关障碍和处于增加的发生它们的风险中。“糖尿病相关障碍”是指糖尿病(包括1型(OMIM222100)和2型(OMIM125853))、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征。
在实施例实施方案中,待治疗的个体具有糖尿病(1型2型)、胰岛素抵抗或代谢综合征。在实施例实施方案中,所述障碍是糖尿病,例如2型糖尿病。在实施例实施方案中,所述个体具有发生如世界卫生组织(WorldHealthOrganization)和国际糖尿病联合会(InternationalDiabetesFederation)在2006年公布的“Definitionanddiagnosisofdiabetesmellitusandintermediatehyperglycaemia”所定义的2型糖尿病或处于增加的发生它的风险中,将这些文献完整地引入本文作为参考。在实施例实施方案中,糖尿病个体显示空腹血糖>=126mg/dL或2-小时血糖(口服施用75g葡萄糖后2小时)>=200mg/dL。在实施例实施方案中,糖尿病或前驱糖尿病显示糖化血红素水平升高,例如大于4.5、4.6、4.7、4.8、4.9、5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.8、6.0、6.2、6.4、6.6、6.8、7.0、7.2、7.4、7.6%或更高的总血红蛋白。在实施例实施方案中,糖尿病或前驱糖尿病可以根据遗传多态现象(包括,例如,导致表达水平改变的多态现象,例如升高或降低的表达水平和/或编码序列的变化)或接近如下表1中基因的一种或多种鉴定或进一步表征:
表1
在实施例实施方案中,可以用于鉴定或进一步表征用本发明提供的方法治疗的个体的另外的基因包括FTO(OMIM610966)、JAZF1(OMIM606246)和HHEX(OMIM604420)。
在实施例实施方案中,可以用本发明提供的方法治疗的个体具有I型糖尿病。在实施例实施方案中,具有I型糖尿病的个体通过C-肽测定表征,例如禁食C-肽水平低于约1.0nmol/L,例如低于1.2、1.1、1.0、0.9、0.8、0.7、0.6、0.5、0.4nmol/L或更低,例如低于0.33、0.25、0.2或0.1nmol/L。在实施例实施方案中,在口服葡萄糖攻击后(口服施用75g葡萄糖后2小时)测定C-肽水平,并且检测到低于0.54nmol/L、例如低于0.50、0.45、0.40、0.35、0.30、0.25、0.20、0.15或0.10nmol/L的增加。空腹葡萄糖受损(110-125mg/dL)或葡萄糖耐量降低(75-g葡萄糖攻击后2-h:140-199mg/dL)可以用于鉴定或进一步表征具有1型糖尿病的个体的β细胞功能降低。在实施例实施方案中,根据存在针对胰岛细胞抗原和/或胰岛素的自身抗体鉴定或进一步表征1型糖尿病,例如定向于65kDaGAD(OMIM138275)和/或磷酸酶相关IA-2分子的自身抗体。
胰岛素抵抗
在实施例的实施方案中,所述障碍是“胰岛素抵抗”,其可以通过本领域公知的任意方式鉴定并且根据胰岛素降低血糖水平的能力下降表征。在实施例实施方案中,根据存在的如下基因的一种或多种中的一种或多种多态现象(包括,例如,导致表达水平改变的多态现象,例如升高或降低的表达水平和基因产物例如蛋白质的编码序列变体)鉴定或进一步表征胰岛素抵抗:RETN、PTPN1、TCF1(OMIM142410;参见,例如多态现象0011)、PPP1R3A(OMIM600917;参见,例如多态现象0001、0003)、PTPN1(OMIM176885;参见,例如多态现象0001)、ENPP1(OMIM173335;参见,例如多态现象0006)、IRS1(OMIM147545;参见,例如多态现象0002)、EPHX2(OMIM132811;参见,例如多态现象0001)、瘦素(OMIM164160,参见,例如多态现象0001和0002)、瘦素受体(OMIM601007,参见,例如多态现象0001、0002、0004和0005)或胰岛素受体(INSR、OMIM147670,参见,例如多态现象0001-0037)。
代谢综合征
在实施例的实施方案中,所述障碍是代谢综合征。本文所用的术语“代谢综合征”是指共同发生且增加冠状动脉疾病、中风和2型糖尿病的风险的一组症状。根据美国心脏协会和国家心脏、肺和血液研究院(AmericanHeartAssociationandtheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstitute)),如果个体具有如下征兆的三种或三种以上,则存在代谢综合征,也称作X综合征:
1)血压等于或高于130/85mmHg;
2)空腹血糖(葡萄糖)等于或高于100mg/dL;
3)巨大腰围(围绕腰部的长度):
-男性-40英寸或以上;
-女性-35英寸或以上;
4)低HDL胆固醇:
-男性-40mg/dL以下;
-女性-50mg/dL以下;
5)甘油三酯类等于或高于150mg/dL。
代谢综合征可以通过测试个体的血压、血糖水平、HDL胆固醇水平、LDL胆固醇水平、总胆固醇水平和甘油三酯水平来诊断。
在实施例的实施方案中,个体具有向心性肥胖(女性腰围>=80cm;亚洲男性>=90cm,包括南美和中美洲人种;和所有其他男性>=94cm)、BMI>30kg/m2、升高的甘油三酯(>=150mg/dL或用于这种脂质异常的特定治疗)、降低的HDL胆固醇(男性<40mg/dL,女性<50mg/dL或用于这种脂质异常的特定治疗)、升高的血压(sBP>=130mmHg或dBP>=85mmHg或治疗预先诊断的高血压)或升高的空腹血糖(FPG>=100mg/dL或在先的2型糖尿病诊断),包括其组合。在实施例实施方案中,用本发明提供的方法治疗的个体具有代谢综合征或处于增加的其风险中,正如国际糖尿病联合会在2006年公布的“TheIDFconsensusworldwidedefinitionofthemetabolicsyndrome”中所定义的,将该文献完整地引入本文作为参考,即个体具有向心性肥胖(如上所述和/或BMI>30kg/m2)和升高的甘油三酯、降低的HDL胆固醇、升高的血压或升高的空腹血糖的任意两种。在实施例实施方案中,根据个体存在的选自3q27(参见,例如OMIM605552)和/或17p12(参见,例如OMIM605572)的基因座上的突变表征或进一步表征代谢综合征。
MC4R突变导致的障碍
本发明涉及治疗患有MC4R对α-黑皮质素刺激激素(α-MSH)减弱的响应的个体的障碍的方法。该方法包括施用有效量的黑皮质素-4受体(MC4R)激动剂。在一个实施例实施方案中,所述个体是MC4R突变的杂合子携带者,导致MC4R对α-黑皮质素刺激激素(α-MSH)响应减弱。因为杂合子载体保留了对MC4R天然配体有响应的能力,所以通过施用MC4R激动剂治疗MC4R-相关障碍不依赖于MC4R突变类型的知识。
在一个实施例实施方案中,所述障碍是肥胖,例如MC4R-相关肥胖。在另一个实施例实施方案中,所述障碍是代谢综合征。
人MC4R基因(hMC4R)是由具有GenBank保藏号CH471077的基因组序列编码的充分表征的蛋白质。
MC4R受体中的突变是严重儿童期肥胖的相关原因。已经注意到在青少年发作的肥胖人群中MC4R突变的携带者患病率约为2.5%,在严重肥胖儿童中的最高患病率为6%。具有MC4R突变的人显示大致上类似的表型,正如对于在具有MC4受体基因中的突变的小鼠描述的。那些人显示明确的摄食过度、超高胰岛素血症、脂肪量增加,伴随瘦体质、骨矿物质密度和直线性生长率,其中皮质醇水平、促性腺素、甲状腺和性类固醇水平不变。与MC4受体缺失相反,摄食过度和超高胰岛素血症倾向于人体个体中的年龄而减退。与MC4R敲除小鼠类似,杂合子携带者中的表型与纯合子携带者相比属于中间型的。在试验餐时观察到的显示出的摄食过度的严重性低于具有瘦素缺乏的人中观察到的水平。体外测定中观察到的MC4受体功能障碍的严重性预示由隐藏特定突变的个体在试验餐时摄入的食物量,并且与肥胖表型发作和严重性相关。至少90种不同的MC4受体突变与肥胖相关,且能够发现MC4受体中的另外的突变,它们导致类似的肥胖表型。
导致人肥胖的MC4R突变的实例描述在Farooqi等人,TheJournalofClinicalInvestigation,2000年7月,106卷(2),pp.271-279和Vaisse等人,TheJournalofClinicalInvestigation,2000年7月,106卷(2),pp.253-262中,将这些文献的相关部分引入本文作为参考。
可能导致人肥胖的另外的突变包括R18H、R18L、S36Y、P48S、V50M、F51L、E61K、169T、D90N、S94R、G98R、1121T、A154D、Y157S、W174C、G181D、F202L、A219V、1226T、G231S、G238D、N240S、C271R、S295P、P299L、E308K、1317V、L325F和750DelGA,如Xiang等人,“Pharmacologicalcharacterizationof30humanmelanocortin-4receptorpolymorphismswiththeendogenousproopiomelanocortin-derivedagonists,syntheticagonistsandtheendogenousagouti-relatedproteinantagonist.”Biochemistry,2010Jun8;49(22):4583-600中所述,将该文献的相关部分引入本文作为参考。
可能导致人肥胖的突变的另外的实例是在URLhttp://omim.org/entry/155541的OnlineMendelianInheritanceinMan(OMIM),一个人基因和家族遗传疾病数据库,登记号为155541MC4R)(更精确地,保藏号为155541.0001-155541.0023)中列出的那些。有代表性的实例包括4-BPDEL、NT631;4-BPINS、NT732;TYR35TER;ASP37VAL;SER58CYS;ILE102SER;ASN274SER;1-BPINS、112A;4-BPDEL、211CTCT;ILE125LYS;ALA175THR;ILE316SER;TYR287TER;ASN97ASP;15-BPDEL(δ88-92密码子);和SER127LEU。将OMIM数据库的相关部分引入本文作为参考。
在实施例实施方案中,MC4R突变导致MC4R信号传导活性保留。
可以通过本领域技术人员众所周知的方法检测编码MC4R的基因组序列中的突变。例如,可以使用核苷酸引物例如Farooqi等人,TheJournalofClinicalInvestigation,2000年7月,106卷(2),pp.271-279和Vaisse等人,TheJournalofClinicalInvestigation,2000年7月,106卷(2),pp.253-262中所述的引物克隆所述基因组序列,并且使用商购测序仪和软件分析克隆的序列。
可以通过本领域技术人员众所周知的方法测定MC4R的活性。例如,可以用克隆的MC4RDNA瞬时转染细胞,使转染的细胞接触MC4R激动剂(例如α-MSH),并且通过例如Roubert等人在JournalofEndocrinology(2010)207,pp.177-183中所述的电化发光测定法测定cAMP即MC4R的第二信使的胞内水平。可以通过比较作为对野生型MC4R的指定激动剂响应产生的cAMP胞内水平与突变MC4R产生的cAMP胞内水平确定MC4R信号传导减少。
MC4R调节剂(例如激动剂)还可以用于治疗患有其它障碍的患者,例如MC4R天然激动剂的利用度降低。这类患者的实例包括对于在瘦素依赖性途径中重要的基因中的突变(NatureClinicalPracticeEndocrinologyandMetabolism,2006;2;6;318和NEngJMed:2007;356;3;237)、阿黑皮素加工(NatureGenetics,1998,155;CellMetabolism,2006;3;135;AnnalsAcadMed,2009,38;1;34)或编码前蛋白转化酶类的基因中的突变为杂合或纯合的个体。
施用方式
用于实施本文所述方法的离子配合物或药物组合物的施用可以是连续的,每小时1次,每日4次,每日3次,每日2次,每日1次,隔天1次,每周2次,每周1次,每隔2周1次,每月1次或每隔2个月1次,每隔3个月1次,每隔4个月1次,每隔5个月1次或每隔6个月1次或更长时间1次或一些另外的间歇式给药方案。本发明的离子配合物(comple)组合物适合于以如下范围有效施用:每日1次,每周1次,每隔2周1次,每隔4周1次,每隔2个月1次,每隔3个月1次,每隔4个月1次,每隔5个月1次或每隔6个月1次。
适合的施用方法包括、但不限于外周施用。外周施用的实例包括口服、皮下、腹膜内、肌内、静脉内、直肠、透皮、口含、舌下、吸入、肺或鼻内施用形式。优选的实施方案使用皮下施用。
联合疗法
本文所述的任意的肽,无论是离子配合物或非配合物(例如配合前肽1)的组成部分,都可以用于治疗响应于MC4R调节的障碍的任意种,通过施用与一种或多种另外的药物活性化合物(“第二种活性剂”)的组合来进行。这种组合可以通过包括一种或多种本文所述的肽类和一种或多种第二种活性剂的单一剂型来进行,这种单一剂型包括片剂、胶囊、喷雾剂、吸入粉末、可注射的液体等。或者,组合施用可以通过施用两种不同剂型来进行,其中一种剂型包含一种或多种本文所述的肽类,而另一种剂型包括一种或多种第二种活性剂。在这种情况中,所述剂型可以相同或不同。不意味着限制联合疗法,下文示例了可以使用的一些联合疗法。
可以将本文所述的肽(例如作为离子配合物或非配合物的组成部分)与一种或多种用于治疗不同与体重和进食相关的障碍例如肥胖和/或超重的第二种活性剂组合。特别地,第二种活性剂可以是减肥药,其影响能量消耗、醣酵解、糖原异生、糖原分解、脂解、脂肪生成、脂肪吸收、脂肪储存、脂肪排泄、饥饿和/或饱满感和/或渴望机制、食欲/动机、食物摄入或胃肠活动。减少能量摄取的药物部分包括不同的药理学活性剂,称作食欲减退剂,它们作为辅剂用于减体重程序中的行为疗法。
通常,肥胖控制剂或药物的总剂量在与一种或多种本文所述的肽组合时可以为0.1-3,000mg/天,优选约1-1,000mg/天,且更优选约1-200mg/天,分单次剂量或2-4次分次剂量。然而,确切剂量由主治医师决定且依赖于例如施用的化合物效能、患者年龄、体重、病情和响应这样的因素。
可以将本文所述的一种或多种肽类(作为离子配合物或非配合物的组成部分)与用于治疗糖尿病的一种或多种第二种活性剂组合。
此外,或者,还可以将本文所述的一种或多种肽类与用于治疗与肥胖和/或超重相关的疾病、障碍和/或病症的一种或多种第二种活性剂组合,所述与肥胖和/或超重相关的疾病、障碍和/或病症例如胰岛素抵抗;葡萄糖耐量降低;2型糖尿病;代谢综合征;血脂异常(包括高脂血症);高血压;心脏病(例如冠心病,心肌梗死);心血管障碍;非酒精性脂肪肝病(包括非酒精性脂肪性肝炎;关节障碍(包括继发性骨关节炎);胃食管反流;睡眠呼吸暂停;动脉粥样硬化;中风;大血管病和微血管病;皮脂腺病(例如肝中);胆石;和胆囊障碍。
第二种活性剂
所述一种或多种第二种活性剂选自,例如:
胰岛素和胰岛素类似物;
胰岛素促泌素,包括磺脲类(例如格列吡嗪)和膳食葡萄糖调节剂(有时称作“短效促泌素”),例如氯茴苯酸类(例如瑞格列奈和那格列奈);
改善肠降血糖素作用的活性剂:肠降血糖素,肠降血糖素模拟物,改善肠降血糖素功能的活性剂,例如GLP-1、GIP;GLP-1激动剂(例如艾塞那肽和利拉糖肽(VICTOZA))、DPP-4抑制剂(例如维格列汀、沙格列汀和西格列汀);
胰岛素致敏剂,包括过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)激动剂,例如噻唑烷二酮类(例如吡格列酮和罗格列酮),和具有PPARα、γ和δ活性的任意组合的活性剂;
调节肝糖平衡的活性剂,例如双胍类(例如二甲双胍)、果糖1,6-二磷酸酶抑制剂、糖原磷酸化酶抑制剂、糖原合成酶激酶抑制剂和葡糖激酶激活物;
为减少/减缓葡萄糖从肠中吸收设计的活性剂,例如α葡糖苷酶抑制剂(例如米格列醇和阿卡波糖);
拮抗糖原作用或减少其分泌的活性剂,例如白糊精类似物(例如普兰林肽);
防止葡萄糖被肾重吸收的活性剂,例如钠离子依赖的葡糖转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂(例如达格列净);
为治疗延长的高血糖症并发症设计的活性剂,例如醛糖还原酶抑制剂(例如依帕司他和雷尼司他);
用于治疗与微血管病相关的并发症的活性剂;
抗血脂异常药,例如HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂(他汀类药物,例如瑞舒伐他汀)和其它降胆甾醇药;
PPARα激动剂(贝特类,例如吉非罗齐和非诺贝特);
胆汁酸多价螯合剂(例如考来烯胺);
胆固醇吸收抑制剂(例如植物甾醇类(即植物甾醇),合成抑制剂);
胆固醇酯转移蛋白(CETP)抑制剂;回肠胆汁酸转运系统抑制剂(IBAT抑制剂);
胆汁酸结合树脂类;
烟酸(尼克酸)及其类似物;
抗氧化剂,例如普罗布考;
ω-3脂肪酸;
抗高血压药,包括肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂,例如β-阻滞剂(例如阿替洛尔),α阻滞剂(例如多沙唑嗪)和混合型α/β阻滞剂(例如拉贝洛尔);
肾上腺素能受体激动剂,包括α-2激动剂(例如可乐定);
血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制剂(例如赖诺普利),钙通道阻滞药,例如二氢吡啶类(例如硝苯地平),苯基烷基胺类(例如维拉帕米)和苯并噻氮卓类(例如地尔硫卓);
血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂(例如坎地沙坦);醛固酮受体拮抗剂(例如依普利酮);
中枢作用肾上腺素能药,例如中枢α激动剂(例如可乐定);和利尿剂(例如呋塞米);
止血调节剂,包括抗血栓药,例如纤维蛋白溶解激活物;
凝血酶拮抗剂;
因子VIIa抑制剂;抗凝血药,例如维生素K拮抗剂(例如华法林)、肝素及其低分子量类似物、因子Xa抑制剂和直接凝血酶抑制剂(例如阿加曲班);抗血小板剂,例如环加氧酶抑制剂(例如阿司匹林)、腺苷二磷酸(ADP)受体抑制剂(例如氯吡格雷)、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂(例如西洛他唑)、糖蛋白IIB/IIA抑制剂(例如替罗非班)和腺苷再摄取抑制剂(例如双嘧达莫);
减肥药,例如食欲抑制剂(例如麻黄碱),包括去甲肾上腺素能药(例如芬特明)和血清素类药(例如西布曲明)、胰脂肪酶抑制剂(例如奥利司他)、微粒体转移蛋白(MTP)调节剂、二酰基甘油酰基转移酶(DGAT)抑制剂和大麻素(CB1)受体拮抗剂(例如利莫纳班);
摄食行为调节剂,例如阿立新受体调节剂和黑素浓集激素(MCH)调节剂;
神经肽Y(NPY)/NPY受体调节剂;
丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(PDK)调节剂;
5-羟色胺受体受体调节剂;
瘦素/瘦蛋白受体调节剂;
葛瑞林/胃促生长素受体调节剂;
增强β细胞功能的活性剂;
刺激能量消耗的活性剂(例如β肾上腺素能刺激剂、UCP-1激动剂、棕色脂肪调节剂和刺激剂);
诱导脂细胞裂解的活性剂(例如抗体);
烟碱或烟碱戒断助剂;
雌激素,雌激素受体的天然或合成调节剂;
μ-阿片样物质受体调节剂;和
单胺转移调节剂,例如选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)(例如氟西汀)、去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(NARI)、去甲肾上腺素-5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)、三元单胺再摄取阻滞剂(例如替索芬辛)和单胺氧化酶抑制剂(MAOI)(例如托洛沙酮和阿米夫胺)或其药学上可接受的盐。
在一个实施例实施方案中,将MC4R激动剂(例如为例子配合物或非配合物的组成部分的MC4R激动剂)和第二种活性剂以施用极低热量饮食(VLCD)或低热量饮食(LCD)同时、依次或单独施用。
制备离子配合物的方法
本发明还涉及制备本发明的离子配合物和药物组合物的方法。该方法包括提供阳离子多肽和选自PEG-羧酸、具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸、磷脂或其组合的阴离子赋形剂,在形成离子配合物的条件下合并所述阳离子多肽和所述阴离子赋形剂,并且制备包含所述离子配合物的药物组合物。
例如,可以将选自PEG-羧酸、具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸、磷脂或其组合的阴离子赋形剂和任意另外的赋形剂在水性介质(例如水)中的混合物通过在适合的条件下高压灭菌该混合物均匀地制成充分分散的状态。适合的条件可以包括,例如,在121℃至134℃约3分钟-约25分钟。适合的条件的实例包括在约121℃约15分钟的时间。高压灭菌的应用还提供了无菌混合物。然后可以向该混合物中添加所述阳离子肽的无菌水溶液,得到本发明的无菌均匀离子配合物。根据所述阴离子赋形剂性质的不同,可以得到所述离子配合物的澄清溶液或均匀混悬液。例如,用于本文所述的实例的PEG-羧酸和mPEG2000-DSPE典型地产生包含所述离子配合物的澄清溶液,而DPPA脂质的应用典型地产生包含所述离子配合物的均匀混悬液。
或者,可以通过将所述赋形剂与所述阳离子多肽一起溶于水并且通过0.2微米滤器无菌过滤得到的混合物制备所述离子配合物的混合物。
制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备所述阴离子赋形剂和水性赋形剂稀释剂的混合物;
b)在足以使所述赋形剂灭菌的条件下对所述混合物进行高压灭菌;
c)将包含阳离子多肽和水性肽稀释剂的无菌肽溶液加入到所述赋形剂混合物中。
在一个实施方案中,所述赋形剂混合物是混悬液。在另一个实施方案中,所述赋形剂混合物是溶液。
在一个可选的实施方案中,本发明涉及制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备所述阴离子赋形剂和水性赋形剂稀释剂的溶液;
b)通过0.2微米滤器过滤步骤a的溶液;
c)将包含阳离子多肽和水性肽稀释剂的无菌肽溶液加入到步骤b的所述赋形剂溶液中。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明涉及制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备包含所述阴离子赋形剂、水性赋形剂稀释剂和阳离子多肽的溶液;
b)降通过0.2微米滤器过滤得到的的溶液灭菌。
适合的赋形剂和阳离子多肽赋形剂的实例包括多元醇(例如丙二醇、三丙二醇、甘油、乙醇、苄醇、DMSO、NMP、DMF、水、pH稳定缓冲溶液及其混合物。
示例
肽合成
通过常规的固相肽合成制备适用于本发明的阳离子多肽类。例如,可以根据美国专利US8,349,797中所述的方法制备本文所述的肽1和其它MC4R类似物,将该文献的全部内容引入本文作为参考。以逐步的方式使肽链从其C-末端氨基酸衍生物开始延伸,所述C-末端氨基酸衍生物偶联在适当选择的已知适合于肽合成的固相支持物树脂上。为了合成具有C-末端酰胺官能团的肽,将Rink酰胺MBHA树脂用作固相支持物。为了合成具有C-末端游离羧基官能团的肽类,使用例如2-氯三苯甲基氯树脂、Wang或Merrifield树脂这样的树脂,它们与Fmoc-氨基酸形成酯键。大部分这些酯连接的Fmoc-氨基酸-树脂类型购自不同来源且一般在切实可行时使用。
二硫化物-环化肽类的合成
使用固相肽合成仪上的Fmoc化学组装二硫化物环肽类的线性衍生物。将Fmoc-Rink酰胺树脂放入反应容器,用NMP溶胀。然后用20%哌啶的NMP溶液处理15分钟,然后用NMP洗涤3次。对树脂进行阳性Kaiser测试(Kaiser,E.,Colescot、R.L.,Bossinge,C.D.&Cook,P.I.Anal.Biochem.,1990,34:595-598)。将其重新混悬于NMP,与所需的第一种C-末端Fmoc-氨基酸衍生物和HOBt混合。通过添加HBTU试剂和DIPEA启动偶合反应。在混合2-3小时后,通过在从该反应混合物中抽取的树脂的小等分部分上的阴性Kaiser试验证实偶合完成。然后用NMP将树脂洗涤3次。此后,如上所述除去Fmoc基团,用所述的第二种C-末端Fmoc-氨基酸衍生物重复整个循环。用新到来的氨基酸各自依次重复同一反应循环。使用氯醌显色试验(Vojkovsky,T.Pept.Res.,1995,8:236-237)替代Kaiser试验,用于的Fmoc从肽序列上的脯氨酸残基上脱保护的阳性测试,也用于测试氨基酸与脯氨酸完全偶合(阴性氯醌试验)。在具有N-末端乙酰基的肽类的情况中,用乙酐和吡啶将Fmoc脱保护的肽树脂处理10分钟。用NMP、二氯甲烷洗涤Kaiser试验测试阴性后的树脂,真空干燥。Fmoc-氨基酸衍生物用于合成这些肽类。所用的三官能团氨基酸衍生物如下:Fmoc-Cys(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-Trp(Boc)-OH,Fmoc-Arg(Pbf)-OH,Fmoc-His(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-Asn(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-Gln(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-hCys(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-Pen(Trt)-OH,Fmoc-Tyr(But)-OH,Fmoc-His(1-Me)-OH,Fmoc-His(3-Me)-OH和Fmoc-Glu(OBut)-OH。
为了从树脂上裂解掉肽和使侧链官能团脱保护,将肽树脂溶于:2%TIS/5%水/5%(w/v)DTT/88%TFA。将该溶液混合3.5小时,然后过滤。将滤液与冷无水乙醚混合。通过离心采集沉淀。滗析溶剂,将肽沉淀重新混悬于新鲜乙醚。将乙醚后处理重复2次以上。真空干燥肽。将粗的线性肽产物稀释至在5%乙酸中2mg/mL浓度,在剧烈搅拌下滴加0.5M碘/甲醇,直到得到持续的淡黄色溶液。将该溶液再搅拌10分钟。然后通过添加1M硫代硫酸钠在混合中使过量的碘猝灭,直到该混合物变成无色为止。冻干环化的肽溶液,通过制备型HPLC、使用反相C-18柱纯化粗粉末。收集纯化的产物级分,冻干。通过质谱法,使用电喷雾电离技术分析肽类,鉴定为正确质量。
内酰胺(Lactm)-环化肽类的合成
还通过标准固相肽合成方法合成环内酰胺肽类。对于具有C-末端Dpr的肽类,将Fmoc-Dpr(Mtt)-BHA树脂转入固相肽合成仪反应器。如上所述除去Fmoc基团,接下来使Fmoc-保护的氨基酸、例如Fmoc-Trp(Boc)-OH与所述树脂通过偶合方法偶合。除去Fmoc保护基,按照正确的顺序,通过重复偶合和脱保护操作各自添加其余的氨基酸,直到氨基酸序列完成。对于谷氨酸,使用偶合Fmoc-Glu(OPip)。然后同样地如上述二硫化物系列肽类所述,在N-末端上使组装完全的肽乙酰化。然后除去正交保护的侧链。例如,通过用1%TFA的二氯甲烷溶液处理裂解具有正交保护的Glu侧链为2-苯基异丙基酯(OPip)或Dpr保护为4-甲基三苯甲基(Mtt)的肽。将脱保护的肽树脂混悬于NMP,用HBTU/DIPEA处理。环化后(阴性Kaiser试验),用DCM洗涤肽-树脂,干燥。使用三氟乙酸(TFA)在水和1,2-乙二硫醇(EDT)的存在下从树脂上裂解环肽与任何其余的保护基。在添加冷无水乙醚时通过沉淀采集产物,通过离心采集。最终纯化通过反相HPLC、使用反相C-18柱进行。通过冻干采集纯化的肽,通过质谱、使用电喷雾方法分析其质量。
表1:式I的阳离子肽类的实施例
测试表1的一些阳离子多肽类以便在下属测定法中评价活性。数据如表2中所示。
肽测试:
放射配体结合测定:
用于测定从本发明环肽的受体上置换放射性标记的配体的结合常数(Kd)或抑制浓度(IC50)的受体结合测定可以通过本领域公知的任意方式进行。
作为实例,由为稳定表达hMC受体亚型1、3、4或5而转染的CHO-K1细胞制备用于结合测定的细胞膜制品。[125I](Tyr2)-(Nle4-D-Phe7)-α-MSH([125I]-NDP-α-MSH结合的竞争性抑制在聚丙烯96孔板中进行。简言之,在37℃将如上所述制备的细胞膜(1-10μg蛋白/孔)在pH7.4的包含0.2%BSA、5mMMgCl2、1mMCaCl2和0.1mg/mL杆菌肽的50mMTris-HCl中与递增浓度的测试化合物和0.1-0.3nM[125I]-NDP-α-MSH一起温育约120分钟。通过经预先浸渍0.1%(w/v)聚乙稀亚胺(PEI)的GF/C玻璃纤维滤板(Meriden,CT,USA)过滤从游离[125I]-NDP-α-MSH中分离结合的[125I]-NDP-α-MSH配体。在约0-4℃温度下用pH7.4的50mMTris-HCl将滤器洗涤3次,然后测定放射性。通过计算机辅助的非线性回归分析分析结合数据。
环AMP刺激测定:
用于测定本发明的环肽的激动剂或激动剂状态的功能性测定可以通过本领域公知的任意方式进行。
电化发光(ECL)测定
以剂量依赖性方式,通过电化发光(ECL)测定法测定所述肽类对胞内环AMP(cAMP)水平的刺激(MesoScaleDiscovery,Gaithersburg,MD,USA;下文称作″MSD″)。简言之,将稳定表达hMC受体亚型的CHO-K1细胞混悬于RMPI测定缓冲液(RMPI1640缓冲液包含0.5mMIBMX和0.2%蛋白质混合物(MSD阻滞剂A))。将稳定表达hMC受体亚型1、3、4或5的约7,000细胞/孔的转基因CHO-K1细胞调配在包含集成碳电极的384-孔多阵列板(MSD)中,用抗-cAMP抗体包被。加入递增浓度的测试化合物,将细胞在37℃温育约40分钟。加入包含0.2%蛋白质混合物和2.5nMTAGTM钌标记的cAMP(MSD)的细胞裂解缓冲液(具有MgCl2和Triton的HEPES-缓冲的盐水溶液,pH7.3),将细胞在室温温育约90分钟。在第二个温育期结束时,加入读取缓冲液(包含ECL共反应剂和TritonX-100的Tris-缓冲溶液,pH7.8),通过使用SectorImager6000(MSD)ECL检测即刻测定细胞裂解液中的cAMP水平。使用计算机辅助的非线性回归分析(XL拟合;IDBS)分析数据,报道为EC50值。EC50表示得到最大反应响应的50%、例如如使用上述测定法测定的cAMP最高水平的50%所需的激动剂化合物浓度。
cAMP测量试验:
使人MC4-R转染的细胞生长至在96孔板中汇合(以约250,000细胞/孔铺板)。用0.2mM异丁基甲基黄嘌呤(IBMX)和分等级浓度的肽或在20nMNDP-MSH存在下的肽处理细胞,一式三份的组。类似地,仅用20nMNDP-MSH处理的细胞用作阳性对照,体积为200μL。还包括用作阴性对照的缓冲液空白。在37℃温育1小时后,通过添加50μL细胞裂解缓冲液裂解细胞。使用商购低pHcAMP测定试剂盒(AmershamBioSciences),按照试剂盒供应商指定的方法对250μL这种温育培养基中蓄积的总cAMP进行定量。将显示在相同或高于作为阳性对照的a-MSH的范围内的cAMP蓄积的肽视为激动剂。将激动剂数据绘图,使曲线拟合,以测定EC50值。显示在与阴性对照(在没有a-MSH的存在下的缓冲液空白)相同范围内蓄积的肽在测试浓度下无效。如果当测定中也存在a-MSH时存在cAMP抑制,则将显示减弱的蓄积的肽视为拮抗剂。类似的测定可以使用hMC-1R、hMC-3R和hMC-5R细胞进行。
使用β-半乳糖苷酶(β-Gal)报道系统的cAMP蓄积测量:
应用使用具有β-半乳糖苷酶(β-Gal)作为功能报道系统的酶片段互补(EFC)系统的化学发光读出系统。用于不同黑皮质素受体系统的这种测定系统是商购的(cAMPHunterGPCR测定系统,DiscoverxCorp,Fremont,CA)。该测定法使用分裂成两个互补部分的β-Gal酶;用于酶受体的EA和用于酶供体的ED。在该测定法中,形成与cAMP融合的ED部分以便与由细胞生成的cAMP竞争性结合cAMP-特异性抗体。然后添加EA以便与任何未结合的ED-cAMP形成活性β-Gal。然后这种活性酶将化学发光底物转化成输出信号,其被记录在标准微量培养板读出器上。
简言之,将每个孔10000个细胞铺板过夜,然后在37℃将每个孔(与10μl测定缓冲液一起温育的细胞)与在细胞测定缓冲液(5μL)中的4X顺序浓度的测试化合物和cAMP抗体试剂(5μL)一起温育30min。然后加入包含ED-cAMP偶合的酶片段和报道底物(EmeraldII-GalactonStar,5:1)的细胞裂解缓冲液(20μL),在室温温育60min。接下来加入20μLEAβ-Gal片段试剂。在室温再温育120min后,通过平板读出器(Envision)测定化学发光,将数据用于计算测试肽的EC50值。
结果如表2中所示。
表2:用于本发明的实施例阳离子多肽类的EC50(nM)值
本发明的离子配合物和药物组合物的制备
实施例1:制剂2A(肽1和mPEG-10,000-一羧酸)的制备
将mPEG-10,000-一羧酸(5.4g)在8.4g水中的混合物加入小瓶。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀澄清粘性溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1mL中100mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清粘性溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为9.9mg/mL。
实施例2:制剂2B(肽1和PEG-10,000-二羧酸)的制备
将mPEG-10,000-二羧酸(2.7g)在2.0g水中的混合物加入小瓶。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀澄清粘性溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在0.5mL中50mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清粘性溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.8mg/mL。
实施例3:制剂2C(肽1和mPEG-20,000-一羧酸)的制备
将PEG-m20,000-羧酸(1.8g)在3.5g丙二醇-乙醇-水混合物(40∶15∶45之比v/v)中的混合物加入小瓶。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀澄清粘性溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无茵通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在0.5mL中30mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清粘性溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为6mg/mL。
实施例4:制剂2D(肽1和DPPA钠)的制备
将DPPA钠(302mg)在8.6g1∶1丙二醇-水混合物中的混合物加入小瓶。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀脂质分散体。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1mL中100mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀非粘性分散体。HPLC分析测定制剂中肽1的浓度为9.6mg/mL。
实施例5:制剂2E(肽1和硬脂酸钠)的制备
将甘露糖醇(300mg)和硬脂酸钠(165mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于8.3g水。塞住小瓶,在75℃加热0.5小时,得到澄清溶液。冷却时,加入约400μL1.0N乙酸以便将pH调整为在6-7范围内。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.0g水溶液中100mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀光亮乳白色不透明的非粘性混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为9.7mg/mL。
实施例6:制剂#3B(肽1与硬脂酸钠和mPEG-2,000-DSPE)的制备
将mPEG-2000-DSPE(1.85g)和硬脂酸钠(100.1mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于10.8mL水。塞住小瓶,在75℃加热1小时。冷却时,加入约240μL乙酸以便将pH调整为在6-7范围内。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀光亮乳白色不透明的非粘性混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.1mg/mL。
实施例7:制剂#3C(肽1和DPPA钠和PEG-10,000-二羧酸)的制备
将PEG-10,000-二羧酸(1.68g)和sodiumDPPA钠(362.4mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于9.1mL水。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀乳白色不透明混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀乳白色不透明的混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.6mg/mL。
实施例8:制剂#3D(肽1和DPPA钠和PEG-3,350)的制备
将PEG-3,350(10.8mL水溶液中包含1.8g)和DPPA钠(363mg)的混合物加入到小瓶中。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀乳白色不透明混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀乳白色不透明的混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.1mg/mL。
实施例9:制剂#3E(肽1和DPPA钠、PEG-3,350和CMC钠)的制备
将CMC钠(AvMW90,000)水溶液(9.0mL中72mg)与PEG-3,350(1.8g)混合。向得到的澄清溶液中加入DPPA钠(216mg)。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀乳白色不透明混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀乳白色不透明的混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.9mg/mL。
实施例10:制剂#3F(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE和CMC钠)的制备
将CMC钠(AvMW90,000)水溶液(在10.8mL中72mg或6.7mg/mL)与mPEG-2,000-DSPE(1.85g)混合。塞住小瓶,密封,在121℃高压灭菌15min,得到均匀澄清溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。或者,将包含CMC钠和mPEG-2,000-DSPE混合物的小瓶内容物混合过夜,得到澄清溶液,通过0.2μm滤器过滤。在无菌通风橱中打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为10.5mg/mL。
实施例11:制剂#4B(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE)的制备
将mPEG-2,000-DSPE(1.855g)和甘露糖醇(181mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于8.8mL注射用水(充氮气10min)。塞住小瓶,缓慢地旋转以便用水完全湿润所有的固体成分。然后在121℃高压灭菌15min。在该阶段的小瓶内容物为澄清溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合1h。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为8.7mg/mL。
实施例12:制剂#4C(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE和CMC)的制备
用冲氮气的注射用水制备8.9mg/mL浓度的CMC钠(AvMW90,000)水溶液。向在小瓶中的9.8mL该溶液中加入PEG-2,000-DSPE(1.853g)和甘露糖醇(182mg)。塞住小瓶,缓慢地旋转以便用溶剂完全湿润所有的固体成分。然后在121℃高压灭菌15min。在该阶段小瓶的内容物为澄清溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合1h。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为8.0mg/mL。
实施例13:制剂#4D(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE和DPPA)的制备
将mPEG-2,000-DSPE(1.86g)、DPPA钠(363mg)和甘露糖醇(60.2mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于9mL注射用水(充氮气10min)。塞住小瓶,缓慢地旋转以便用水完全湿润所有的固体成分。然后在121℃高压灭菌15min。在该阶段的小瓶内容物为光亮乳白色均匀混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合1h,得到均匀的光亮乳白色不透明非粘性混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为9.2mg/mL。
实施例14:制剂#4E(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE和CMC)的制备
用冲氮气的注射用水制备7.2mg/mL浓度的CMC钠水溶液。向在小瓶中的10mL该溶液中加入mPEG-2,000-DSPE(0.94g)和甘露糖醇(181.7mg)。塞住小瓶,缓慢地旋转以便用溶剂完全湿润所有的固体成分。然后在121℃高压灭菌15min。在该阶段小瓶的内容物为澄清无色溶液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合1h。得到配制的肽,为均匀澄清溶液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为9.6mg/mL。
实施例15:制剂#4F(肽1和mPEG-2,000-DSPE和DPPA)的制备
将mPEG-2,000-DSPE(0.954g)、DPPA钠(183.7mg)和甘露糖醇(61.7mg)的混合物在小瓶中溶于9.6mL注射用水(充氮气10min)。塞住小瓶,缓慢地旋转以便用水完全湿润所有的固体成分。然后在121℃高压灭菌15min。在该阶段的小瓶内容物为光亮乳白色均匀混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将通过0.2μm滤器预先过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(在1.2g中120mg)与之混合1h,得到均匀的光亮乳白色不透明非粘性混悬液。HPLC分析测定肽1的浓度为9.9mg/mL。
实施例16:具有肽1、mPEG-2,000-DSPE、CMA和D-甘露糖醇的制剂的制备
浓度 | |
肽1 | 10mg/mL* |
mPEG2000-DSPE.Na | 100mg/mL |
CMC.Na(Av MW,90K) | 8mg/mL |
D-甘露糖醇 | 22mg/mL |
水 | 根据需要加至1mL终体积 |
*基于肽含量
如下制剂基于10mL制剂且易于按比例缩小至得到上表中的1mL终体积。
将CMC钠(AvMW90,000)(80mg)和D-甘露糖醇(220mg)的水溶液在带有搅棒和塞子的预称重的小瓶中溶于7ml注射用水。向该溶液中加入固体mPEG-2,000-DSPE钠(1g)。塞住小瓶,密封。将其放入设定在60℃的水浴,搅拌内容物。或者,将小瓶放入维持在60℃的烘箱中。最初小瓶内容物可能浑浊,但在1-2小时内转变成澄清均匀溶液。使小瓶达到室温。然后打开,将肽1的水溶液(1mL中100mg,基于其净肽含量)与之混合。内容物可以即刻变浑浊,但在混合时变成澄清均匀溶液。称重小瓶,通过添加所需量的注射用水将总内容物的重量调整至10.1gm。然后混合得到的制剂,在无菌通风橱中通过0.2μm滤器过滤。得到配制的制剂,为均匀澄清溶液,通过HPLC测定确认肽-1的浓度为10mg/ml。
实施例17:具有肽1、DPPA钠和PEG-3,350的制剂的制备
浓度 | |
肽1 | 10mg/mL* |
DPPA.Na | 30.2mg/mL |
PEG-3350 | 120mg/mL |
水 | 根据需要加至1mL终体积 |
*基于肽含量
如下制剂基于10mL制剂且易于按比例缩小至得到上表中的1mL终体积。
在预先称重的带塞的小瓶中加入1.2gmPEG-3350和8mL注射用水。通过混合溶解内容物,加入302mgDPPA钠。塞住小瓶,密封,将其在121℃放入高压灭菌器中高压灭菌15min,得到均匀乳白色不透明混悬液。冷却时,将小瓶转入无菌通风橱。打开小瓶,将预先通过0.2μm滤器过滤的肽1的无菌水溶液(1mL中100mg,基于其净肽含量)与之混合。通过添加适量的注射用水将小瓶的总内容物调整至10.1gm。混合时,得到配制的肽,为均匀乳白色不透明混悬液。通过HPLC测定配制的肽,确认肽-1的浓度为10mg/ml。
实施例18:将制剂施用于猕猴以评价药代动力学
将一组猕猴(平均体重范围在3-7kg)随机分入上述每种制剂和制剂3A的6只的组。给组中的每只猴子在肩域经皮下施用快速浓注单剂量的以0.5mg/kg体重计算的制剂。在施用后从30分钟开始至36或48小时的不同时间点取血样。采集血浆,使用LC-MS/MS技术测定肽药物浓度。药代动力学数据如下表3中所示,以图示方式在图1、图2和图3中举出药代动力学特性。
表3:制剂的药代动力学数据(N=6;剂量=0.5mg/Kg,对照制剂包含在柠檬酸盐缓冲液中的肽1)
*%Fr表示与对照4A比较时制剂的生物利用度。
正如从与示例性的肽-1的离子配合物的对比药代动力学研究中显而易见的,C-max显著减小(1100ng/mL的肽1Cmax与使用配合物3D观察到的228ng/mL)。本发明的许多另外的离子配合物与肽-1相比展示出类似范围的减弱的C-max。除此之外,T-max在使用几种这些离子配合物时也显著增加(肽-1的T-max为0.5hrs与使用许多所述离子配合物的几小时的T-max)。
将本文引述的所有专利、公布的申请和其中引述的参考文献完整地引入本文作为参考。
尽管具体显示并且参照其实施例实施方案描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员可以理解,可以在不脱离由待批权利要求涵盖的本发明范围的情况下对其中进行各种形式和内容上的各种改变。
Claims (56)
1.离子配合物,其包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;磷脂;及其组合。
2.权利要求1的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子肽与所述阴离子赋形剂的摩尔比约为1∶1-约1∶10。
3.权利要求1-2的任意一项的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子赋形剂是脂肪酸,其选自:月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、肉豆蔻烯酸、棕榈油酸、sapienicacid、油酸、反油酸、异油酸、亚油酸、反式亚麻酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和植烷酸。
4.权利要求3的离子配合物,其中所述脂肪酸是硬脂酸。
5.权利要求1-2任意一项的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子赋形剂是磷脂。
6.权利要求5的离子配合物,其中所述磷脂选自:L-α-磷脂酸、1-油酰基溶血磷脂酸、L-α-磷脂酰甘油、1,2-二-O-十四烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-L-丝氨酸、1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸、1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸、mPEG-2,000-DSPE、mPEG-5,000-DSPE、1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-4,5-二磷酸三钠盐和1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸四钠盐、1-棕榈酰基-2-油酰基磷脂酰甘油、1-棕榈酰基-2-花生四烯酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸甘油、DSPG、DPPG、DEPG、DOPG、DEPA、DOPA、DSPS、DPPS、DEPS、DOPS、L-α-溶血磷脂酰丝氨酸、L-α-溶血磷脂酰基肌醇、十四烷基膦酸、L-α-磷脂酰肌醇-4-磷酸、L-α-磷脂酰肌醇-4,5-二磷酸、1,2-二植烷酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸、1,2-二-O-十四烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1′-rac-甘油)、mPEG-2,000-DSPE、mPEG-5,000-DSPE及其混合物。
7.权利要求5的药物组合物,其中所述磷脂选自:L-α-磷脂酸、1-油酰基溶血磷脂酸、十四烷基膦酸、L-α-磷脂酰甘油、L-α-磷脂酰肌醇、L-α-磷脂酰丝氨酸、1,2-二-O-十四烷基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-(1’-rac-甘油)、1,2-二肉豆蔻酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-L-丝氨酸、1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸-L-丝氨酸、二硬脂酰基磷脂酰甘油、二棕榈酰基磷脂酰甘油、1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸(DPPA)、1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸、mPEG-2,000-DSPE、mPEG-5,000-DSPE、1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-4,5-二磷酸三钠盐和1-(1,2-双十六酰基磷脂酰基)肌醇-3,4,5-三磷酸四钠盐及其混合物。
8.权利要求5的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子脂质是1,2-二棕榈酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷脂酸。
9.权利要求5的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子脂质是mPEG-2,000-DSPE,其中DSPE是1,2-二硬脂酰基-sn-甘油-3-磷酸氨基乙醇。
10.权利要求1-2的任意一项的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子赋形剂是PEG-羧酸。
11.权利要求10的离子配合物,其中所述PEG-羧酸选自:PEG-10,000-一羧酸、PEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-1,000-一羧酸、mPEG-2,000-一羧酸、mPEG-5,000-一羧酸、mPEG-10,000-一羧酸、mPEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-30,000-一羧酸、mPEG-40,000-一羧酸、PEG-1,000-二羧酸、PEG-2,000-二羧酸、PEG-3,500-二羧酸、PEG-5,000-二羧酸、PEG-7,500-二羧酸、PEG-10,000-二羧酸和Y-形PEG-40,000-一羧酸。
12.权利要求11的离子配合物,其中所述PEG-羧酸选自:PEG-5000-一羧酸、PEG-10,000-一羧酸、PEG-20,000-一羧酸、mPEG-5000-一羧酸、mPEG-10,000-一羧酸、mPEG-20,000-一羧酸、PEG-5000-二羧酸和PEG-10,000-二羧酸。
13.权利要求1的离子配合物,其包含阴离子赋形剂的组合。
14.权利要求13的离子配合物,其中所述阴离子赋形剂的组合选自:硬脂酸和mPEG-2,000-DSPE;DPPA和PEG-10,000-二羧酸;DPPA和mPEG-2,000-DSPE;mPEG-2,000-DSPE和CMC;和mPEG-2,000-DSPE。
15.权利要求1的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽具有1、2、3、4、5、6或6个以上的正电荷。
16.权利要求1的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为结构式(I):
或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
R1是-H或C1-C6酰基;
R2是-NR3R4或-OR5,其中R3、R4和R5彼此独立地是H或C1-C6烷基;
A1是选自Arg、Lys、Orn、His、Nle、Phe、Val、Leu、Trp、Tyr、Ala、Ser、Thr、Gln、Asn、Asp、Glu或TzAla的氨基酸残基;或
A1不存在;或
A1是选自如下的部分:任选取代的C1-C12烷基、任选取代的C6-C18芳基、任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基、芳烷基,其中所述芳基部分是任选取代的C6-C18芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基,或杂芳烷基,其中所述杂芳基部分是任选取代的C5-C18杂芳基,且所述烷基部分是任选取代的C1-C12烷基;
A2和A8是彼此独立地选自Cys、hCys、Pen、Asp、Glu、Lys、Orn、Dbu或Dpr的氨基酸残基,其中A2和A8配对选择以便能够在其相应的侧链之间形成共价键;
A3是选自Ala、Tle、Val、Leu、Ile、Cha、Pro、Ser、Thr、Lys、Arg、His、Phe、Gln、Sar、Gly、Asn或Aib的氨基酸残基或不存在;
A4不存在或是选自任选取代的His、Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基,其中X是表示为如下结构式的氨基酸:
A5是任选取代的Phe、任选取代的1-Nal或任选取代的2-Nal;
A6是Arg;且
A7是Trp,
其中任意的氨基酸残基是L-或D-构型,
条件是A3和A4不是都不存在。
17.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中A3是D-氨基酸。
18.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中A4是L-氨基酸。
19.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中A4不存在。
20.权利要求16-19的任意一项的离子配合物,其中A5是任选取代的D-Phe。
21.权利要求16-20的任意一项的离子配合物,其中A5在任意5个芳族碳上任选地被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3的取代基取代。
22.权利要求16-20的任意一项的离子配合物,其中A5是选自如下的D-氨基酸残基:
Phe、Phe(2’-F)、Phe(2’-Cl)、Phe(2’-Br)、Phe(2’-I)、Phe(2’-CN)、Phe(2’-CH3)、Phe(2’-OCH3)、Phe(2’-CF3)、Phe(2’-NO2)、Phe(3’-F)、Phe(3’-Cl)、Phe(3’-Br)、Phe(3’-I)、Phe(3’-CN)、Phe(3’-CH3)、Phe(3’-OCH3)、Phe(3’-CF3)、Phe(3’-NO2)、Phe(4’-F)、Phe(4’-Cl)、Phe(4’-Br)、Phe(4’-I)、Phe(4’-CN)、Phe(4’-CH3)、Phe(4’-OCH3)、Phe(4’-CF3)、Phe(4’-NO2)、Phe(4’-t-Bu)、Phe(2’,4’-二F)、Phe(2’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(2’,4’-二Br)、Phe(2’,4’-二I)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(2’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(2’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二F)、Phe(3’,4’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,4’-二Br)、Phe(3’,4’-二I)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,4’-二-CH3)、Phe(3’,4’-二-OCH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二F)、Phe(3’,5’-二Cl)、Phe(3’,5’-二Br)、Phe(3’,5’-二I)、Phe(3’,5’-二-CN)、Phe(3’,5’-二CH3)、Phe(3’,5’-二-OCH3)或Phe(3’,4’,5’-三F)。
23.权利要求16-18和20-22的任意一项的离子配合物,其中A4是任选地在任意可取代的位置上被选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CH3、-OH、-CN、胺、-NO2或-OCH3的取代基取代的His。
24.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
25.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
26.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
27.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式是:
或其药学上可接受的盐。
28.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中A4是选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp或残基X的氨基酸残基。
29.权利要求28的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(3-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:6);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2;(SEQIDNO:7)
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:8);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:9);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:10);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Arg-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH(SEQIDNO:11);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Tyr-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:12);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-D-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:13);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:14);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Pro-D-Phe(p-F)-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:15);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Atc-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:16);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-QAla-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:17);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-sChp-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:18);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-X-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:19),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
30.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:20);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:21);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen]-NH2(SEQIDNO:22);
Ac-Arg-环[Glu-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dpr]-NH2(SEQIDNO:23);
Ac-Arg-环[Glu-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Dpr]-NH2(SEQIDNO:24);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Aib-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:25);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Sar-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:26);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Val-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:27);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Val-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:28);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:29);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:30);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pen]-NH2(SEQIDNO:31);
Ac-Arg-环[D-Pen-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:32);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:33);
Ac-Arg-环[Pen-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-hCys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:34);
Ac-Arg-环[D-hCys-D-Ala-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:35);
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2C或
Ac-Arg-环[hCys-D-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:37),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
31.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中:
A3是选自Tle、Val、Leu、Ile、Cha、Pro、Ser、Thr、Lys、Arg、His、Phe、Gln、Sar、Gly、Asn或Aib的氨基酸残基;且
A4是选自Atc、Ala、QAla、Aib、Sar、Ser、Thr、Pro、Hyp、Asn、Gln、取代的His、Trp、Tyr、Lys、Arg、sChp的氨基酸残基或残基X。
32.权利要求31的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-Val-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:38);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:39);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:40),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
33.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-TzAla-环[Cys-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:41);或
Ac-Glu-环[Cys-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:42),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
34.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:7);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:9);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:10),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
35.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:84);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:85);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-2-Nal-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:86),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
36.权利要求16的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-His(1-Me)-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:87);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Gln-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:88);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ala-Asn-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-OH(SEQIDNO:89),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
37.权利要求1的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽表示为如下结构式的任意一种:
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Leu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:2);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Ile-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:3);
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Tle-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:4);或
Ac-Arg-环[Cys-D-Val-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-NH2(SEQIDNO:5),
或其药学上可接受的盐。
38.权利要求1的离子配合物,其中所述阳离子多肽选自:亮丙瑞林;布舍瑞林;组氨瑞林;戈舍瑞林;地洛瑞林;那法瑞林;曲普瑞林;阿伏瑞林;阿巴瑞克;西曲瑞克;地加瑞克;加尼瑞克;奥曲肽;兰瑞肽;伐普肽;帕瑞肽;胰高血糖素;白糊精;普兰林肽;胰岛素;胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1);GLP-1激动剂;人生长激素;艾塞那肽;甲状旁腺激素;促肾上腺皮质素;肉毒毒素;淀粉样蛋白肽;缩胆囊肽;降钙素;芋螺毒素;阿坎酸;肠抑胃肽;胰岛素样生长因子;生长激素释放因子;抗微生物因子;格拉默;Hematide;Nasiritide;ANF肽;血管紧张素肽;ACTH;黑皮质素;阿片样肽;强啡肽;缩宫素;缩宫素类似物;加压素;加压素类似物;生长抑素;和生长抑素类似物。
39.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-38任意一项的离子配合物和药学上可接受的载体。
40.权利要求39的药物组合物,其中所述药学上可接受的载体选自PEG、多元醇、乙醇、DMSO、NMP、DMF、苄醇、水、pH稳定缓冲溶液及其混合物。
41.权利要求40的药物组合物,其中所述药学上可接受的载体是平均分子量为100-5,000的PEG。
42.权利要求40的药物组合物,其中所述多元醇选自丙二醇、三丙二醇、甘油及其混合物。
43.权利要求39的药物组合物,其中阳离子多肽的浓度约为0.01mg/mL-约100mg/mL。
44.权利要求43的药物组合物,其中阳离子多肽的浓度约为1mg/mL-约50mg/mL。
45.权利要求39-44的任意一项的药物组合物,其中基于所述阳离子多肽的电荷与所述阴离子赋形剂的电荷的摩尔比选自约1∶1、约1∶2、约1∶3、约1∶4、约1∶5、约1∶6、约1∶7、约1∶8、约1∶9或约1∶10。
46.权利要求39-45的任意一项的药物组合物,其中所述离子配合物在生理环境中沉淀,形成药物储库。
47.权利要求39-46的任意一项的药物组合物,其中该组合物包含至少一种另外的赋形剂。
48.权利要求47的药物组合物,其中所述另外的赋形剂选自:pH稳定缓冲剂、防腐剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、张度剂、非离子聚合物和离子聚合物。
49.治疗患有对权利要求1-38的任意一项的离子配合物的阳离子多肽具有的药理学活性有响应的疾病或障碍的个体的方法,包括对该个体施用治疗有效量的权利要求1-38的离子配合物。
50.权利要求49的方法,其中所述疾病或障碍对调节MCR受体有响应。
51.权利要求50的方法,其中所述疾病或障碍选自:1型糖尿病、2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征。
52.制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备阴离子赋形剂和水性赋形剂稀释剂的混合物;
b)在足以使赋形剂灭菌的条件下对所述混合物进行高压灭菌;
c)将包含所述阳离子多肽和水性肽稀释剂的无菌肽溶液加入到所述赋形
剂混合物中。
53.权利要求52的方法,其中所述赋形剂混合物是混悬液。
54.权利要求52的方法,其中所述赋形剂混合物是溶液。
55.制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备阴离子赋形剂和水性赋形剂稀释剂的溶液;
b)通过0.2微米滤器过滤步骤a的溶液;
c)将包含所述阳离子多肽和水性肽稀释剂的无菌肽溶液加入到步骤b的赋形剂溶液中。
56.制备离子配合物的方法,所述离子配合物包含阳离子多肽和选自如下的阴离子赋形剂:PEG-羧酸;具有10或以上个碳原子的脂肪酸;磷脂;及其组合,该方法包含:
a)制备包含阴离子赋形剂、水性赋形剂稀释剂和阳离子多肽的溶液;
b)通过经0.2微米滤器过滤对得到的溶液进行灭菌。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211043853.4A CN115957296A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
CN202211043877.XA CN115957297A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361792440P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
US61/792,440 | 2013-03-15 | ||
PCT/US2014/029421 WO2014144842A2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | Pharmaceutical compositions |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211043877.XA Division CN115957297A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
CN202211043853.4A Division CN115957296A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105518021A true CN105518021A (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
Family
ID=50732290
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211043853.4A Pending CN115957296A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
CN201480026783.9A Pending CN105518021A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
CN202211043877.XA Pending CN115957297A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211043853.4A Pending CN115957296A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202211043877.XA Pending CN115957297A (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 药物组合物 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US11129869B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP3778623A1 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP6538025B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102378943B1 (zh) |
CN (3) | CN115957296A (zh) |
AU (4) | AU2014228460B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112015023409B1 (zh) |
CA (2) | CA2906782C (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2970389T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2825076T3 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR21C1059I2 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1220702A1 (zh) |
IL (2) | IL241378B (zh) |
NL (1) | NL301149I2 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO2021051I1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2970389T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2970389T (zh) |
RU (2) | RU2690377C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014144842A2 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111718408A (zh) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-29 | 成都圣诺生物制药有限公司 | 一种Setmelanotide的制备方法 |
WO2023247999A1 (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-12-28 | Mainline Biosciences (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Peptidic pain modulators and methods for producing and using the same |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SI3539551T1 (sl) | 2011-12-29 | 2022-02-28 | Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Postopek zdravljenja motenj povezanih z receptorjem melanokortin-4 v heterozigotnih nosilcih |
AU2014228460B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-11-01 | Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions |
US10196425B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-05 | Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Peptide compositions |
JP2016518358A (ja) * | 2013-04-11 | 2016-06-23 | ヴァンダービルト ユニバーシティーVanderbilt University | ポリプレックス |
WO2016168388A2 (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-20 | Palatin Technologies, Inc. | Therapies for obesity, diabetes and related indications |
AU2016330773A1 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-04-19 | Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin | Method of treating melanocortin-4 receptor pathway-associated disorders |
JP6701572B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-05 | 2020-05-27 | 株式会社リコー | インク、収容容器、画像形成方法及び画像形成装置 |
EP3436054B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2022-07-27 | Allergan, Inc. | Stabilized non-protein clostridial toxin compositions |
MA49883A (fr) | 2017-03-15 | 2021-04-21 | Novo Nordisk As | Composés bicycliques aptes à se lier au récepteur de mélanocortine 4 |
KR102665710B1 (ko) | 2017-08-24 | 2024-05-14 | 노보 노르디스크 에이/에스 | Glp-1 조성물 및 그 용도 |
CN112188898A (zh) * | 2017-11-15 | 2021-01-05 | 节奏制药公司 | 缓释肽配制品 |
US20210221867A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2021-07-22 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Compounds Capable of Binding to Melanocortin 4 Receptor |
WO2020053414A1 (en) | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-19 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Bicyclic compounds capable of acting as melanocortin 4 receptor agonists |
KR102087634B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-03-11 | (주)바이텍 | 항비만용 조성물 |
WO2020142102A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Kineta Chronic Pain, Llc | Conotoxin peptide analogs and uses for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions |
IL294521A (en) | 2020-02-18 | 2022-09-01 | Novo Nordisk As | glp-1 compounds and their uses |
JP2024532294A (ja) * | 2021-08-24 | 2024-09-05 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ ミシガン | Mc4rアゴニストペプチド |
KR20230065921A (ko) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-12 | (주)아이엠디팜 | 신규한 서방성 지질 전구 제제 및 이를 포함하는 서방성 주사용 약학 조성물 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101257916A (zh) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-09-03 | 研究及应用科学协会股份有限公司 | 黑皮质素受体配体 |
CN101439182A (zh) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-05-27 | 北京大学 | 一种生长抑素受体介导的肿瘤靶向药物组合物 |
WO2013033838A1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-14 | Pharmagap Inc. | Liposomal formulations of cationic peptides and uses thereof |
Family Cites Families (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5849704A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1998-12-15 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Pharmaceutical formulation |
WO1994026251A1 (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1994-11-24 | Sequus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Subcutaneous liposome delivery method |
US5795587A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1998-08-18 | University Of Pittsburgh | Stable lipid-comprising drug delivery complexes and methods for their production |
US5731408A (en) | 1995-04-10 | 1998-03-24 | Arizona Board Of Regents On Behalf Of The University Of Arizona | Peptides having potent antagonist and agonist bioactivities at melanocortin receptors |
US5968895A (en) | 1996-12-11 | 1999-10-19 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations for sustained drug delivery |
US20070185032A1 (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 2007-08-09 | Praecis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations for sustained drug delivery |
US7176279B2 (en) * | 2000-06-28 | 2007-02-13 | Palatin Technologies, Inc. | Cyclic peptide compositions and methods for treatment of sexual dysfunction |
JP2005504715A (ja) | 2000-12-29 | 2005-02-17 | アドバンスト インハレーション リサーチ,インコーポレイテッド | 持続放出特性を有する吸入用粒子 |
JP2004534851A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-11-18 | パラチン テクノロジーズ インク. | メラノコルチン受容体に特異的な線状および環状ペプチド |
US20040097419A1 (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2004-05-20 | Holger Petersen | Organic compounds |
FR2851563B1 (fr) | 2003-02-26 | 2005-04-22 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Nouveaux derives de benzimidazole et d'imidazo-pyridine et leur utilisation en tant que medicament |
FR2852957B1 (fr) | 2003-03-31 | 2005-06-10 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Nouveaux derives d'imidazo-pyridine et leur utilisation en tant que medicament |
MXPA05013951A (es) * | 2003-06-19 | 2006-02-24 | Lilly Co Eli | Agonsita del receptor de la melanocortina 4 (mc4) y sus usos. |
FR2862971B1 (fr) | 2003-11-28 | 2006-03-24 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Nouveaux derives de benzimidazole et d'imidazo-pyridine et leur utilisation en tant que medicament |
KR100638041B1 (ko) | 2003-12-24 | 2006-10-23 | 주식회사 삼양사 | 수용성 약물의 경구투여용 나노입자 조성물 및 그의제조방법 |
FR2872165B1 (fr) | 2004-06-24 | 2006-09-22 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Nouveaux derives de pyrimido-benzimidazole |
JP2009500426A (ja) | 2005-07-08 | 2009-01-08 | ソシエテ・ドゥ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・ルシェルシュ・エ・ダプリカーション・シャンティフィック・エス・ア・エス | メラノコルチン受容体のリガンド |
TWI364290B (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2012-05-21 | Ipsen Pharma Sas | Melanocortin receptor ligands modifled with hydantoin |
AR066175A1 (es) | 2007-06-15 | 2009-08-05 | Sod Conseils Rech Applic | Ligandos del receptor de melanocortina de peptidos ciclicos |
AU2008325194B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2012-04-19 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | Use melanocortins to treat insulin sensitivity |
AR072072A1 (es) * | 2008-06-09 | 2010-08-04 | Palatin Technologies Inc | Peptidos especificos del receptor de melanocortina para el tratamiento de la obesidad / 669 |
MX2011000036A (es) * | 2008-06-25 | 2011-02-22 | Endo Pharmaceuticals Solutions | Implante de octreotida que tiene un agente de liberacion. |
MX2011013117A (es) | 2009-06-08 | 2012-05-23 | Palatin Technologies Inc | Peptidos especificos del receptor de melanocortina. |
UY32690A (es) * | 2009-06-08 | 2011-01-31 | Astrazeneca Ab | Péptidos específicos para receptores de melanocortina |
IN2012DN01493A (zh) | 2009-08-05 | 2015-06-05 | Ipsen Pharma Sas | |
WO2011060352A1 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2011-05-19 | Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. | Pharmaceutical compositions of melanocortin receptor ligands |
US20120226018A1 (en) | 2009-11-16 | 2012-09-06 | Ipsen Pharma, S.A.S. | Process for the Synthesis of Ac-Arg-Cyclo(Cys-D-Ala-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Cys)-NH2 |
US9415012B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2016-08-16 | Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. | Sustained-release composition containing peptides as active ingredient |
JP2013046596A (ja) | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | Alpha-Nano-Medica Co Ltd | 新規な複合体、それを含有する医薬及び癌の治療方法 |
EP2705835A1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2014-03-12 | Ipsen Pharma S.A.S. | Aqueous gelling compositions of soluble active pharmaceutical peptides providing modified release |
AU2014228460B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-11-01 | Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical compositions |
US10196425B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-02-05 | Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Peptide compositions |
-
2014
- 2014-03-14 AU AU2014228460A patent/AU2014228460B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 CN CN202211043853.4A patent/CN115957296A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-14 RU RU2015143965A patent/RU2690377C2/ru active
- 2014-03-14 JP JP2016503089A patent/JP6538025B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-14 BR BR112015023409-7A patent/BR112015023409B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2014-03-14 CA CA2906782A patent/CA2906782C/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 EP EP20185463.5A patent/EP3778623A1/en active Pending
- 2014-03-14 DK DK14724574.0T patent/DK2970389T3/da active
- 2014-03-14 CN CN201480026783.9A patent/CN105518021A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-14 ES ES14724574T patent/ES2825076T3/es active Active
- 2014-03-14 PT PT147245740T patent/PT2970389T/pt unknown
- 2014-03-14 RU RU2019116003A patent/RU2019116003A/ru unknown
- 2014-03-14 WO PCT/US2014/029421 patent/WO2014144842A2/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-14 EP EP14724574.0A patent/EP2970389B1/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 CN CN202211043877.XA patent/CN115957297A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-14 CA CA3209602A patent/CA3209602A1/en active Pending
- 2014-03-14 US US14/775,911 patent/US11129869B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 PL PL14724574T patent/PL2970389T3/pl unknown
- 2014-03-14 KR KR1020157029620A patent/KR102378943B1/ko active IP Right Grant
-
2015
- 2015-09-09 IL IL241378A patent/IL241378B/en unknown
-
2016
- 2016-07-20 HK HK16108704.2A patent/HK1220702A1/zh unknown
-
2019
- 2019-01-08 AU AU2019200101A patent/AU2019200101B2/en active Active
- 2019-06-05 JP JP2019104944A patent/JP2019189619A/ja active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 AU AU2021202699A patent/AU2021202699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-08-13 US US17/401,929 patent/US20220160818A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-03 NO NO2021051C patent/NO2021051I1/no unknown
- 2021-12-06 NL NL301149C patent/NL301149I2/nl unknown
- 2021-12-13 IL IL288961A patent/IL288961A/en unknown
- 2021-12-14 FR FR21C1059C patent/FR21C1059I2/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-02-17 JP JP2022023265A patent/JP2022065117A/ja active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-12 AU AU2023204625A patent/AU2023204625A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101257916A (zh) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-09-03 | 研究及应用科学协会股份有限公司 | 黑皮质素受体配体 |
CN101439182A (zh) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-05-27 | 北京大学 | 一种生长抑素受体介导的肿瘤靶向药物组合物 |
WO2013033838A1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-14 | Pharmagap Inc. | Liposomal formulations of cationic peptides and uses thereof |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111718408A (zh) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-29 | 成都圣诺生物制药有限公司 | 一种Setmelanotide的制备方法 |
WO2023247999A1 (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-12-28 | Mainline Biosciences (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Peptidic pain modulators and methods for producing and using the same |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105518021A (zh) | 药物组合物 | |
US12077612B2 (en) | Peptide compositions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160420 |