CN105506592A - 一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法 - Google Patents

一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法 Download PDF

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CN105506592A
CN105506592A CN201510932726.3A CN201510932726A CN105506592A CN 105506592 A CN105506592 A CN 105506592A CN 201510932726 A CN201510932726 A CN 201510932726A CN 105506592 A CN105506592 A CN 105506592A
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alloy powder
plating
joined
nickel
ultrasonic agitation
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袁茂凯
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TIANJIN AITIAN AUTO PARTS Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/31Coating with metals
    • C23C18/32Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
    • C23C18/34Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
    • C23C18/36Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/17Metallic particles coated with metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
    • C23C18/1633Process of electroless plating
    • C23C18/1635Composition of the substrate
    • C23C18/1637Composition of the substrate metallic substrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/18Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C18/1803Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
    • C23C18/1824Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
    • C23C18/1837Multistep pretreatment
    • C23C18/1844Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)

Abstract

本发明创造提供了一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,所述镀液组成为硫酸镍20~50g/L,氯化铵25~50g/L,次磷酸钠43~58g/L,焦磷酸钠50~85g/L,三乙醇胺92~115g/L,柠檬酸三钠4~12g/L,其余为溶剂水。其制备方法为:将铝合金粉末粗化、敏化、活化,然后将活化后的铝合金粉末化学镀镍。本发明通过将多种络合剂配合使用,可以得到厚度均匀且紧密镀层完整的化学镀层,化学镀液稳定性高,降低生产成本。

Description

一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化学镀技术领域,尤其涉及一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法。
背景技术
化学镀是靠基体表面的自催化活性中心引发金属沉积的工艺方法,因此具有镀层晶粒细小孔隙率低的优点,并且镀层与基体的结合力一般优于电镀中镀层与基体的结合力,现有技术中对块体材料表面化学镀工艺研究较多,然而因为粉体相比于块体比表面积大,在溶液中易于团聚,而且大量粉末的存在容易引起镀液的分解,因此粉体表面的化学镀工艺更加困难对粉体表面化学镀工艺研究主要集中在无机非粉体表面化学镀工艺研究,通过镀层来改善无机非粉体与金属的界面结合,如在粉体表面化学镀的研究已经取得一定成果,而针对粉表面化学镀的研究的报道甚少目前,化学镀的研究主要集中在镀液组成和施镀工艺上,如主盐浓度还原剂浓度单一络合剂浓度温度和值对镀液稳定性及镀速的影响研究发现主盐还原剂浓度在一定范围内镀速较高并且镀液稳定,可以选用的络合剂种类较多,不同络合剂对镀层的影响不同,现有技术中,铝合金粉末表面化学镀镍镀液常用的络合剂有柠檬酸三钠、三乙醇胺、焦磷酸钠其中之一,但是镀液不稳定,工艺上可操作性差,得到的镍层不完整,工业上应用成本高。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明创造旨在提出一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,以铝合金粉末表面化学镀液不稳定、工艺可操作性差的问题,为达到上述目的,本发明创造的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,包括如下步骤:将铝合金粉末进行粗化、敏化、活化,然后将活化后的铝合金加入到镀液中,在PH=8~10,温度在30~45℃下,超声搅拌10~20min,静置得到浑浊液,最后将浑浊液进行离心真空干燥得到表面镀镍的铝合金粉末。
进一步的,所述镀液组成为硫酸镍20~50g/L,氯化铵25~50g/L,次磷酸钠43~58g/L,焦磷酸钠50~85g/L,三乙醇胺92~115g/L,柠檬酸三钠4~12g/L,其余为溶剂水。
进一步的,所述铝合金粉末和硫酸镍的质量比为3/8。
进一步的,铝合金粉末粗化工艺为:将铝合金粉末加入到20~40mL/L的盐酸溶液中常温超声搅拌10~13h;敏化工艺为:将粗化的铝合金粉末加入到28~32g/L的氯化亚锡,45~58mL/L的盐酸溶液中,常温下超声搅拌4~8min;活化工艺为:将敏化的铝合金粉末加入到0.3~0.8g/L的氯化钯、7~12mL/L的盐酸溶液中,常温超声搅拌43~56min。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
将铝合金粉末10g加入到100mL浓度为20mL/L的盐酸溶液中常温超声搅拌10h,然后将粗化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为28g/L的氯化亚锡和浓度为45mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温下超声搅拌4min,最后将敏化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为0.3g/L的氯化钯、7mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温超声搅拌43min;将硫酸镍10g,氯化铵13g,次磷酸钠22g,焦磷酸钠25g,三乙醇胺46g,柠檬酸三钠2g,加入去离子水中,充分搅拌然后加去离子水镀液定容为500mL,调节镀液PH值为8,然后将活化后的铝合金粉末末加入到所述的镀液中,在30℃的温度下,超声搅拌10min,静置得到浑浊液,最后将浑浊液进行离心真空干燥,得到表面镀镍的铝合金粉末,镍层不完整、表面不均匀且表面粗糙。
实施例2:
将铝合金粉末10g加入到100mL浓度为40mL/L的盐酸溶液中常温超声搅拌12h,然后将粗化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为32g/L的氯化亚锡和浓度为58mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温下超声搅拌6min,最后将敏化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为0.8g/L的氯化钯、12mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温超声搅拌56min;将硫酸镍25g,氯化铵25g,次磷酸钠29g,焦磷酸钠43g,三乙醇胺58g,柠檬酸三钠6g,加入去离子水中,充分搅拌然后加去离子水镀液定容为500mL,调节镀液PH值为10,然后将活化后的铝合金粉末末加入到所述的镀液中,在45℃的温度下,超声搅拌20min,静置得到浑浊液,最后将浑浊液进行离心真空干燥,得到表面镀镍的铝合金粉末,镍层完整、表面不均匀且表面粗糙,并且有游离的镍颗粒。
实施例3:
铝合金粉末10g加入到100mL浓度为30mL/L的盐酸溶液中常温超声搅拌12h,然后将粗化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为30g/L的氯化亚锡和浓度为50mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温下超声搅拌6min,最后将敏化的铝合金粉末加入到100mL浓度为0.5g/L的氯化钯、10mL/L的盐酸混合溶液中,常温超声搅拌50min;将硫酸镍15g,氯化铵18g,次磷酸钠23g,焦磷酸钠30g,三乙醇胺50g,柠檬酸三钠4g,加入去离子水中,充分搅拌然后加去离子水镀液定容为500mL,调节镀液PH值为10,然后将活化后的铝合金粉末末加入到所述的镀液中,在40℃的温度下,超声搅拌20min,静置得到浑浊液,最后将浑浊液进行离心真空干燥,得到表面镀镍的铝合金粉末,镍层完整、表面均匀且光滑,没有游离镍颗粒。
以上所述仅为本发明创造的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明创造,凡在本发明创造的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:将铝合金粉末进行粗化、敏化、活化,然后将活化后的铝合金加入到镀液中,在PH=8~10,温度在30~45℃下,超声搅拌10~20min,静置得到浑浊液,最后将浑浊液进行离心真空干燥得到表面镀镍的铝合金粉末。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,其特征在于所述镀液组成为硫酸镍20~50g/L,氯化铵25~50g/L,次磷酸钠43~58g/L,焦磷酸钠50~85g/L,三乙醇胺92~115g/L,柠檬酸三钠4~12g/L,其余为溶剂水。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,其特征在于:所述铝合金粉末和硫酸镍的质量比为3/8。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种铝合金粉末表面镀镍的方法,其特征在于铝合金粉末粗化工艺为:将铝合金粉末加入到20~40mL/L的盐酸溶液中常温超声搅拌10~13h;敏化工艺为:将粗化的铝合金粉末加入到28~32g/L的氯化亚锡,45~58mL/L的盐酸溶液中,常温下超声搅拌4~8min;活化工艺为:将敏化的铝合金粉末加入到0.3~0.8g/L的氯化钯、7~12mL/L的盐酸溶液中,常温超声搅拌43~56min。
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106350789A (zh) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 电子科技大学 一种电磁屏蔽膜用金属层的制备方法
CN107523815A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-12-29 长安大学 一种三维多孔泡沫镍及其制备方法
CN109030148A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2018-12-18 中南大学 一种铁基合金粉末ebsd检测试样的制备方法
CN110344037A (zh) * 2018-04-07 2019-10-18 天津艾普斯工业铝型材股份有限公司 一种铝型材表面处理方法
CN110696539A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 武汉工控艺术制造有限公司 一种基于3d打印的青铜器艺术品的制造方法
CN112207276A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-12 西安工程大学 一种微米镀镍铝粉的制备方法
CN113145857A (zh) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-23 广东工业大学 一种铜银锡三元核壳纳米材料及其制备方法和应用
CN118272796A (zh) * 2024-05-31 2024-07-02 江苏九为新材料有限公司 一种用于铝合金模板表面镀覆的控制方法及系统

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CN102206818A (zh) * 2011-04-02 2011-10-05 南京工程学院 一种各向异性导电胶用单分散镀银微球的制备方法
CN104357793A (zh) * 2014-12-02 2015-02-18 北京矿冶研究总院 一种耐腐蚀防滑涂层制备方法及涂层结构

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106350789A (zh) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 电子科技大学 一种电磁屏蔽膜用金属层的制备方法
CN106350789B (zh) * 2016-09-18 2019-07-02 电子科技大学 一种电磁屏蔽膜用金属层的制备方法
CN107523815A (zh) * 2017-07-11 2017-12-29 长安大学 一种三维多孔泡沫镍及其制备方法
CN110344037A (zh) * 2018-04-07 2019-10-18 天津艾普斯工业铝型材股份有限公司 一种铝型材表面处理方法
CN109030148A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2018-12-18 中南大学 一种铁基合金粉末ebsd检测试样的制备方法
CN110696539A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2020-01-17 武汉工控艺术制造有限公司 一种基于3d打印的青铜器艺术品的制造方法
CN112207276A (zh) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-12 西安工程大学 一种微米镀镍铝粉的制备方法
CN113145857A (zh) * 2021-03-29 2021-07-23 广东工业大学 一种铜银锡三元核壳纳米材料及其制备方法和应用
CN113145857B (zh) * 2021-03-29 2023-11-10 广东工业大学 一种铜银锡三元核壳纳米材料及其制备方法和应用
CN118272796A (zh) * 2024-05-31 2024-07-02 江苏九为新材料有限公司 一种用于铝合金模板表面镀覆的控制方法及系统

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