CN105494264A - Breeding method for good bee species for facility crop pollination - Google Patents
Breeding method for good bee species for facility crop pollination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105494264A CN105494264A CN201510968531.4A CN201510968531A CN105494264A CN 105494264 A CN105494264 A CN 105494264A CN 201510968531 A CN201510968531 A CN 201510968531A CN 105494264 A CN105494264 A CN 105494264A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bee
- honeybee
- coughing
- vomiting
- group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 208
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000256843 Apis mellifera ligustica Species 0.000 claims description 52
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 claims description 52
- 206010047700 Vomiting Diseases 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 39
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000256837 Apidae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008774 maternal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009399 inbreeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012631 food intake Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 101150079123 Bad gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940109850 royal jelly Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029264 phototaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010138 bee pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009402 cross-breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019988 mead Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/70—Invertebrates
- A01K2227/706—Insects, e.g. Drosophila melanogaster, medfly
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the bee keeping technology, provides a breeding method for a good bee species for facility crop pollination, and aims at solving the problems that an existing good bee species for facility crop pollination is fewer, poor in quality and poor in pollination effect. The method comprises the steps that local Apis mellifera is bred, a Jolnalof bee species is introduced and bred, a single cross or backcross mode is adopted, and a good variety (strain) which meets the biological property of bees and can be used for effective pollination of facility crops is bred through many times of artificial insemination hybridization. The good properties of being high in collection, high in spawning rate, high in stress resistance, high in disease resistance, docile in temper, low in fodder consumption and the like are achieved, the movement enthusiasm of the pollination bees in a facility crop environment is remarkably improved, crop pollination is effectively achieved, and the pollination effect of the crops is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to apiculture technology, the method for specifically a kind of seed selection of the excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination.
Background technology
Bee colony has the ability stablizing living condition in oneself nest of highly developed creation.In the weather factors affecting honeybee life, temperature is topmost.Apis mellifera flies more than 10 DEG C, turns out for work in a large number for 16 DEG C, and 35 DEG C is optimum collecting temperature, when temperature reaches more than 40 DEG C, almost stops field collecting work.Capping in bee colony is sub 37 DEG C time, although the worker bee puberty shortens 3 days, mortality, and occurs many undergrown honeybees.Industrialized agriculture is rural area NPD projects most active now, in the anti-season and trans-regional plantation of China vegetables and other Important Economic crops, play very important effect.According to " the 4th national industrialized agriculture annual meeting " report in 2004, all kinds of installment agriculture growth area of current China reached 2,100,000 hectares, accounts for 70% of world's facility cultivation area.Under protected crop cultivation condition, the airtight meeting in canopy room causes high temperature in spring and summer stubble canopy, the low temperature that the improper meeting of Insulation causes autumn and winter stubble, survives the winter in stubble and Winter-Spring stubble canopy.Therefore, in facility plastic greenhouse hot environment become current honeybee be protected crop pollination in a large barrier factors.
The fine-variety breeding of honeybee and applying, be the important measures improving beekeeping level, increase production, increase income, it comprises the approach such as Systematic selection, crossbreeding and heterotic utilization.The country of apiculture prosperity, all attaches great importance to the work of honeybee good varieties selection, and according to the nectar source weather conditions of locality, selects excellent honeybee kind, extensively utilize hybrid vigour, establish specialized benign epilepsy.Carry out after Si Talai mattress using artificial insemination techniques famous in the world selects 4 Apis mellifera inbred line hybridizing the double cross hybrid cultivated, the resistance to special using artificial insemination techniques of Mead cultivates double cross hybrid honeybee after Apis mellifera and Caucasia honeybee select 4 inbred line.U.S. Ka Er cultivates the honeybee for clover pollination, through the seed selection of several generation, has cultivated and has had to clover the clover honeybee highly gathering power.China's honeybee fine-variety breeding work is started late compared with the country of apiculture prosperity, in early 1960s, just formally starts the research work of honeybee heredity and honeybee fine-variety breeding aspect.Succeed along with to application Artificial Insemination For Honey Bees technology, various places utilize the west honeybee kind introduced to carry out breed improvement, and have therefrom selected new high-yielding strain.Many places also utilize the honeybee kind of introduction to make material, carry out cross experiment, have made the hybrid combination that some are excellent.On the whole, the honeybee breeding that China breeds has high yield honey type (as " No. 1, Song Dan " etc.), high-yield pulp type (as " No. 1, Zhejiang agriculture " etc.), honey slurry high yield type (as " No. 1, Mount Huang " etc.), anti-mite type (as No. 1, Beijing etc.), sweet glue-type (as No. 1, sweet glue etc.).
At natural world, honeybee is most important, the optimal Pollinating Insect of crops, and output can be made to significantly improve by honeybee pollination, quality is significantly improved, and is the most effective increasing yield and improving quality measure except conventional Means To Increase Production in agricultural production.According to the statistical confirmation of FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (FAO), chemical fertilizer is to the contribution rate of increases in grain production or amount of increase in production average out to about 40%, agricultural chemicals is about 20%, and honeybee pollination then reaches more than 45%, and visible honeybee pollination is to the great function of agricultural production and income.The acquired patent relevant to honeybee pollination of current China has: a kind of bee colony special for pollination (CN201110393119.6), a kind of bee raising box (CN201010224537.8), a kind of special bee pollination strength control box (CN201010505038.6) etc. for protected crop pollination, mainly carry out improveing and innovating from pollination honeybee casing, relate to seed selection and be also in space state at present for the patent of protected crop pollination honeybee kind.Xu Xi lotuses in 2008 etc. adopt the Apis mellifera easily laid eggs and the noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee of resisting cold to hybridize, utilized by heterosis, hybrid vigor, the special bee colony of the pollination cultivated, improves the delivery and feed infant power of canopy room queen bee and the enthusiasm of worker honeybees foraging activity nectar, but does not improve in honeybee resistance and disease and insect resistance.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem that excellent honeybee kind is few, quality is weak, Pollination Effect is not good of existing utility crop pollination, the invention provides a kind of selection of the excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination, select have high to gather, height is laid eggs, strong stress resistance, premunition are strong, disposition is docile, food consumption is low excellent honeybee kind, pollinate for protected crop.
Technical scheme:
For a selection for the excellent honeybee kind of protected crop pollination, comprise the following steps:
(1) screening of Italian Bee is purified with processing:
According to fecundity, gather the performance indications such as power, docility, maintenance group force, investigate the economic characters of Italian Bee, productivity and Main Morphology index, compare analysis, filter out that delivery and feed infant power is strong, collection power is strong, disposition is docile, and the healthy Italian Bee E of inheritance stability.
The inbreeding means adopting mother and sons' mating and female father to backcross, carry out the purification of honeybee kind, form kind of the Italian Bee bee colony that property is purer, as female group Em.
In Italian Bee E, select 1 strong group, with queen partition, the queen bee of cutting wing is limited in egg reproduction in hive, the case that continues is as Yu Wang district.In Yu Wang district, put the sub-spleen of ripe capping that 2 have powder honey, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee E is to the worker bee larvae spleen of lair capping in the 10th day, and put 2 larva spleens, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee E is to the worker bee larvae spleen of the non-capping of lair in the 4th day, larva spleen is placed in the middle, and composition Italian Bee educates Wang Qun Ey.
(2) the maternal Eb of Italian Bee virgin Wang Zuowei is cultivated:
First install 2 ~ 3 layers in king's frame and educate king's bar educating, eachly to educate on king's bar sticky 5 ~ 6 paraffin bowls, in each paraffin bowl, drip royal jelly or the honey of upper 1 dilution, put into and educate Wang Qun Ey and allow honeybee clear up 2 ~ 3 hours.In clean, bright, temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C, relative moisture 80 ~ 90% indoor, propose 1 frame small grub spleen from the female group Em of Italian Bee, the of the right age larva wherein hatched within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look) is moved in paraffin bowl.Move after worm terminates, be added in educate in Wang Qun Ey between larva spleen educating king's frame, continuously stimulating feeding between the lights.After 12 days, small grub sprouts wings room and be virgin king, select individual large, belly is large and long, the maternal Eb of the virgin Wang Zuowei taking action sane.
(3) according to indexs such as resistance, premunition, food consumption, collection power, docility, fertility, the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee of selection resistance, premunition, low consumption, collection power, fertility, maintenance group gesture excellent ability is for introducing a fine variety object, introduce Lixian County, Hunan bee-keeping research institute gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee breeding queen bee, namely through golden noise made in coughing or vomiting drone fertilization, product or the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K in laying eggs is waited out.
The golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K introduced is concentrated in the selected seed farm of this breeding and raises, carry out seed selection and raising, form kind of the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee bee colony that property is purer, as father group Kf;
(4) golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind is cultivated with drone as male parent Kj:
In golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf, by 1 high-quality, the empty honeycomb of drone that the first half is equipped with sweet powder feed is added between 2 larva spleens, this larva spleen is the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova that produces of golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K to the non-capping of lair in the 4th day.Control golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K and produce unfertilized egg on drone honeycomb, keep temperature 34 ~ 35 DEG C, relative moisture 70 ~ 80%.It is large larval stage that the unfertilized egg that drone ovum and golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K produce grows by the 7th day, and the honeybee road of both sides widened by mobile drone honeycomb; Grow after drone honeycomb capping in the 11st day, add honey comb gradually and expand bee colony.The bee colony cultivating drone remains that feed is sufficient, and under the condition of feed abundance, every day carries out stimulating feeding pollen and honey feed at dusk.Within after drone goes out room about 8 days, start nest to circle in the air, sexual maturity in about 13 days, select quicker, that belly the is solid drone of action to be male parent Kj.
(5) tissue mating group:
The 7th day after the 10th day after step (2) moves worm or royal cell capping, get out mating group, this mating group lured into virgin king for specializing in, and allowed its mating, the Italian Bee group of laying eggs.The sweet powder spleen 1 ~ 2 honeycomb having honey or pollen is put in each mating group, the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova to about the 20th day that 1 sub-spleen of ripe capping soon going out room and Italian Bee queen bee produce, with the young honeybee spleen of 1 ~ 2 sufficient frame (often open honeycomb two sides and all climb full honeybee), composition mating group.
(6) tissue maternal Eb and male parent Kj carries out artificial insemination hybridization:
Operating under the honeybee artificial insemination instrument device of laboratory, adopt single cross or the mode that backcrosses, through repeatedly hybridizing, selecting the ideal type simple group and the hybrid bee colony F1 that meet breeding objective, eliminate bad bee colony combination, cultivate the excellent combination of getting off of selecting and remain.
(7) in the second filial generation that drone hybridization produces in the virgin Wang Yuqun of hybrid bee colony F1, select that collection power, fecundity, premunition, docility are strong, the simple group that consumes little, proterties stable and consistent and hybrid bee colony (F2), cultivate virgin king and drone equally, get drone mixed semen manually to virgin Wang Shoujing.After new queen to lay eggs, the bee colony F3 of third generation hybrid system just becomes a new lines.
(8) the new lines bee colony (F3) that step (7) is cultivated is adopted inbreeding means, traversed by or backcross, make bad gene pure, be convenient to eliminate, make excellent gene pure, proterties reaches unanimity, and forms the honeybee new lines with genetic stability basis.
In technique scheme: cultivate in the process of Italian Bee virgin king in described step (2), adopt compound method of moving worm, namely worm is moved after 24 hours the 1st time, king's frame is educated in taking-up, takes off royal cell, and larva abandoned by tweezer, in position immediately again shift-in one from Italian Bee female group Em larva spleen the of the right age larva of hatching within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look), the virgin king brought out like this is physically fit, and fecundity is high.Described step (4) cultivates golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind with drone as in the process of male parent Kj, spring, gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf was minimumly no less than 7 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and climb full honeybee), and summer, gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf answered more than 10 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and climb full honeybee).
In technique scheme: the new lines honeybee kind of cultivating in described step (8), body colour is purplish red, and afterbody is black, is specially: three, the 4th backboard plate point is black, and the 5th backboard 1/5 is black, and the 6th backboard 2/3 is black.
In the present invention, the biological property of father and mother group honeybee kind is as follows:
Italian Bee delivery and feed infant power is strong, and it is mild to educate worm joint rate, and after early spring, queen bee started to lay eggs, the impact of the natural conditions such as its egg laying amount climate, nectar source is little.Swarmming property is weak, easily maintains jumpbogroup.Strong to the collection power in large nectar source, but poor to the Utilization ability in fragmentary sweet powder source, large to the collection capacity of pollen.Feed consumption is large, and disposition is docile, and do not keep in dark place, directive force is poor, is easily confused nest, and the property stolen is strong, and clear nest habit is strong.Survive the winter with the form of strong group, overwintering feed consumption is large, and in high and cold area, hibernating ability is poor.Premunition is more weak.
Gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee and yellow noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee are the yellow honeybee kinds utilizing its natural variation to separate from black honeybee kind Ka Nialan honeybee.The worker bee life-span that gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee brings out is long, and this is a very large advantage, so golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee can maintain group's gesture of 16 sufficient frames, and declines little through excessive wash with watercolours honey phase group gesture.The rate of attendance of gold noise made in coughing or vomiting worker bee is higher than Italian Bee by more than 32.3%.Gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee fecundity is strong, can maintain jumpbogroup, and large area nectar source gathers power by force, again can be heat-resisting etc.Gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee comparatively excels at leveraging fragmentary nectar source, comparatively saves feed.Gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee has stronger resistivity to several intractable infectious disease.Gold noise made in coughing or vomiting not only resists cold, but also heat-resisting, is the desirable insect of pollination.
Above-mentioned honeybee kind has the characteristic being suitable for actively pollination under protected crop growing environment, and use of advantage, can improve the activity enthusiasm under protected crop environment, effectively realize the pollination of crop after hybrid combination, improves crop Pollination Effect.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts Italian Bee and Jin Ka honeybee to hybridize, and use of advantage has filtered out and both met biology of bee characteristic, can be used for again the improved seeds (strain) that protected crop is effectively pollinated.The feature of the honeybee new varieties (new lines) selected is: one is under the high and cold high thermal environment condition of protected crop, and honeybee worker honeybees foraging activity power and pollination ability obtain effective raising; Two is under the condition of canopy room, and honeybee disposition is docile and phototaxis is weak, and the probability that such honeybee hits canopy will reduce, and loss reduces; Three is under hot and humid environment, and the resistance of honeybee, the ability of disease and insect resistance are strengthened, and honeybee loss also reduces greatly.
Through investigating test to the economic characters of pollination honeybee new varieties (strain), result shows: under protected crop environmental condition, the new lines honeybee cultivated gathers force rate Italian Bee and improves 10 ~ 30%, metahomomorphisms on groups is similar to the Italian Bee of this area or a little more than Italian Bee, high-temp resisting high-humidity resisting energy force rate Italian Bee improves 20 ~ 25%, honeybee resistance against diseases improves 10 ~ 20% than Italian Bee, feed conversion ratio Italian Bee reduces by 20 ~ 30%, the worker bee life-span grows 6 ~ 8 days at Harvest time average specific Italian Bee, there is strong stress resistance, disposition is docile, phototaxis is weak waits good characteristic.Therefore, the present invention is cultivated by hybrid combination, and the activity enthusiasm of the honeybee that pollinates under significantly improving protected crop environment, effectively realizes the pollination of crop, improves crop Pollination Effect.
Embodiment
For a selection for the excellent honeybee kind of protected crop pollination, comprise the following steps:
(1) screening of Italian Bee is purified with processing:
According to fecundity, gather the performance indications such as power, docility, maintenance group force, investigate the economic characters of Italian Bee, productivity and Main Morphology index, compare analysis, filter out that delivery and feed infant power is strong, collection power is strong, disposition is docile, and the healthy Italian Bee E of inheritance stability.
The inbreeding means adopting mother and sons' mating and female father to backcross, carry out the purification of honeybee kind, form kind of the Italian Bee bee colony that property is purer, as female group Em.
In Italian Bee E, select 1 strong group, with queen partition, the queen bee of cutting wing is limited in egg reproduction in hive, the case that continues is as Yu Wang district.In Yu Wang district, put the sub-spleen of ripe capping that 2 have powder honey, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee E is to the worker bee larvae spleen of lair capping in the 10th day, and put 2 larva spleens, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee E is to the worker bee larvae spleen of the non-capping of lair in the 4th day, larva spleen is placed in the middle, and composition Italian Bee educates Wang Qun Ey.
(2) the maternal Eb of Italian Bee virgin Wang Zuowei is cultivated:
First install 2 ~ 3 layers in king's frame and educate king's bar educating, eachly to educate on king's bar sticky 5 ~ 6 paraffin bowls, in each paraffin bowl, drip royal jelly or the honey of upper 1 dilution, put into and educate Wang Qun Ey and allow honeybee clear up 2 ~ 3 hours.In clean, bright, temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C, relative moisture 80 ~ 90% indoor, propose 1 frame small grub spleen from the female group Em of Italian Bee, the of the right age larva wherein hatched within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look) is moved in paraffin bowl.Move after worm terminates, be added in educate in Wang Qun Ey between larva spleen educating king's frame, continuously stimulating feeding between the lights.After 12 days, small grub sprouts wings room and be virgin king, select individual large, belly is large and long, the maternal Eb of the virgin Wang Zuowei taking action sane.
(3) according to indexs such as resistance, premunition, food consumption, collection power, docility, fertility, the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee of selection resistance, premunition, low consumption, collection power, fertility, maintenance group gesture excellent ability is for introducing a fine variety object, introduce Lixian County, Hunan bee-keeping research institute gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee breeding queen bee, namely through golden noise made in coughing or vomiting drone fertilization, product or the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K in laying eggs is waited out.
The golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K introduced is concentrated in the selected seed farm of this breeding and raises, carry out seed selection and raising, form kind of the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee bee colony that property is purer, as father group Kf;
(4) golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind is cultivated with drone as male parent Kj:
In golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf, by 1 high-quality, the empty honeycomb of drone that the first half is equipped with sweet powder feed is added between 2 larva spleens, this larva spleen is the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova that produces of golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K to the non-capping of lair in the 4th day.Control golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K and produce unfertilized egg on drone honeycomb, keep temperature 34 ~ 35 DEG C, relative moisture 70 ~ 80%.It is large larval stage that the unfertilized egg that drone ovum and golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee K produce grows by the 7th day, and the honeybee road of both sides widened by mobile drone honeycomb; Grow after drone honeycomb capping in the 11st day, add honey comb gradually and expand bee colony.The bee colony cultivating drone remains that feed is sufficient, and under the condition of feed abundance, every day carries out stimulating feeding pollen and honey feed at dusk.Within after drone goes out room about 8 days, start nest to circle in the air, sexual maturity in about 13 days, select quicker, that belly the is solid drone of action to be male parent Kj.
(5) tissue mating group:
The 7th day after the 10th day after step (2) moves worm or royal cell capping, get out mating group, this mating group lured into virgin king for specializing in, and allowed its mating, the Italian Bee group of laying eggs.The sweet powder spleen 1 ~ 2 honeycomb having honey or pollen is put in each mating group, the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova to about the 20th day that 1 sub-spleen of ripe capping soon going out room and Italian Bee queen bee produce, with the young honeybee spleen of 1 ~ 2 sufficient frame (often open honeycomb two sides and all climb full honeybee), composition mating group.
(6) tissue maternal Eb and male parent Kj carries out artificial insemination hybridization:
Operating under the honeybee artificial insemination instrument device of laboratory, adopt single cross or the mode that backcrosses, through repeatedly hybridizing, selecting the ideal type simple group and the hybrid bee colony F1 that meet breeding objective, eliminate bad bee colony combination, cultivate the excellent combination of getting off of selecting and remain.This Crossing system of tool is as shown in table 1, table 2:
Table 1: single cross
Table 2: backcross
(7) in the second filial generation that drone hybridization produces in the virgin Wang Yuqun of hybrid bee colony F1, select that collection power, fecundity, premunition, docility are strong, the simple group that consumes little, proterties stable and consistent and hybrid bee colony (F2), cultivate virgin king and drone equally, get drone mixed semen manually to virgin Wang Shoujing.After new queen to lay eggs, the bee colony F3 of third generation hybrid system just becomes a new lines.Concrete Crossing system is as shown in table 3:
Table 3:
(8) the new lines bee colony (F3) that step (7) is cultivated is adopted inbreeding means, traversed by or backcross, make bad gene pure, be convenient to eliminate, make excellent gene pure, proterties reaches unanimity, and forms the honeybee new lines with genetic stability basis.Concrete traversed by mode is as shown in table 4:
Table 4: traversed by
In the above-described embodiment: cultivate in the process of Italian Bee virgin king in described step (2), adopt compound method of moving worm, namely worm is moved after 24 hours the 1st time, king's frame is educated in taking-up, takes off royal cell, and larva abandoned by tweezer, in position immediately again shift-in one from Italian Bee female group Em larva spleen the of the right age larva of hatching within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look), the virgin king brought out like this is physically fit, and fecundity is high.Described step (4) cultivates golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind with drone as in the process of male parent Kj, spring, gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf was minimumly no less than 7 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and climb full honeybee), and summer, gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group Kf answered more than 10 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and climb full honeybee).
In the above-described embodiment: the new lines honeybee kind of cultivating in described step (8), body colour is purplish red, and afterbody is black, is specially: three, the 4th backboard plate point is black, and the 5th backboard 1/5 is black, and the 6th backboard 2/3 is black.
Claims (4)
1., for a selection for the excellent honeybee kind of protected crop pollination, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) screening of Italian Bee is purified with processing:
According to fecundity, gather the performance indications such as power, docility, maintenance group force, investigate the economic characters of Italian Bee, productivity and Main Morphology index, compare analysis, filter out that delivery and feed infant power is strong, collection power is strong, disposition is docile, and the healthy Italian Bee (E) of inheritance stability;
The inbreeding means adopting mother and sons' mating and female father to backcross, carry out the purification of honeybee kind, form kind of the Italian Bee bee colony that property is purer, as female group (Em);
In Italian Bee (E), select 1 strong group, with queen partition, the queen bee of cutting wing is limited in egg reproduction in hive, the case that continues is as Yu Wang district; In Yu Wang district, put the sub-spleen of ripe capping that 2 have powder honey, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee (E) is to the worker bee larvae spleen of lair capping in the 10th day, and put 2 larva spleens, namely the development of fertilized ova of Italian Bee (E) is to the worker bee larvae spleen of the non-capping of lair in the 4th day, larva spleen is placed in the middle, and composition Italian Bee educates Wang Qun (Ey);
(2) Italian Bee virgin Wang Zuowei female parent (Eb) is cultivated:
First install 2 ~ 3 layers in king's frame and educate king's bar educating, eachly to educate on king's bar sticky 5 ~ 6 paraffin bowls, in each paraffin bowl, drip royal jelly or the honey of upper 1 dilution, put into and educate Wang Qun (Ey) and allow honeybee clear up 2 ~ 3 hours; In clean, bright, temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C, relative moisture 80 ~ 90% indoor, from the female group (Em) of Italian Bee, 1 frame small grub spleen is proposed, the of the right age larva wherein hatched within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look) is moved in paraffin bowl; Move after worm terminates, be added in educate between the interior larva spleen of Wang Qun (Ey) educating king's frame, continuously stimulating feeding between the lights; After 12 days, small grub sprouts wings room and be virgin king, select individual large, belly is large and long, the virgin Wang Zuowei female parent (Eb) of taking action sane;
(3) according to indexs such as resistance, premunition, food consumption, collection power, docility, fertility, the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee of selection resistance, premunition, low consumption, collection power, fertility, maintenance group gesture excellent ability is for introducing a fine variety object, introduce Lixian County, Hunan bee-keeping research institute gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee breeding queen bee, namely through golden noise made in coughing or vomiting drone fertilization, product or the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee (K) in laying eggs is waited out;
The golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee (K) of introducing is concentrated in the selected seed farm of this breeding and raises, carry out seed selection and raising, form kind of the golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee bee colony that property is purer, as father group (Kf);
(4) golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind is cultivated with drone as male parent (Kj):
In golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group (Kf), by 1 high-quality, the empty honeycomb of drone that the first half is equipped with sweet powder feed is added between 2 larva spleens, this larva spleen is the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova that produces of golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee (K) to the non-capping of lair in the 4th day; Control golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee (K) and produce unfertilized egg on drone honeycomb, keep temperature 34 ~ 35 DEG C, relative moisture 70 ~ 80%; It is large larval stage that the unfertilized egg that drone ovum and golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee queen bee (K) are produced grows by the 7th day, and the honeybee road of both sides widened by mobile drone honeycomb, grows after drone honeycomb capping in the 11st day, adds honey comb gradually and expands bee colony; The bee colony cultivating drone remains that feed is sufficient, and under the condition of feed abundance, every day carries out stimulating feeding pollen and honey feed at dusk; Within after drone goes out room about 8 days, start nest to circle in the air, sexual maturity in about 13 days; Quicker, that belly the is solid drone of action is selected to be male parent (Kj);
(5) tissue mating group:
The 7th day after the 10th day after described step (2) moves worm or royal cell capping, get out mating group, this mating group lured into virgin king for specializing in, and allowed its mating, the Italian Bee group of laying eggs; The sweet powder spleen 1 ~ 2 honeycomb having honey or pollen is put in each mating group, the worker bee larvae spleen of the development of fertilized ova to about the 20th day that 1 sub-spleen of ripe capping soon going out room and Italian Bee queen bee produce, with the young honeybee spleen of 1 ~ 2 sufficient frame (often open honeycomb two sides and all climb full honeybee), composition mating group;
(6) tissue maternal (Eb) carries out artificial insemination hybridization with male parent (Kj):
Operate under the honeybee artificial insemination instrument device of laboratory, adopting single cross or the mode that backcrosses, through repeatedly hybridizing, selecting the ideal type simple group and the hybrid bee colony (F1) that meet breeding objective, eliminate bad bee colony combination, cultivate the excellent combination of getting off of selecting and remain;
(7) in the second filial generation that drone hybridization produces in the virgin Wang Yuqun of hybrid bee colony (F1), select that collection power, fecundity, premunition, docility are strong, the simple group that consumes little, proterties stable and consistent and hybrid bee colony (F2), cultivate virgin king and drone equally, get drone mixed semen manually to virgin Wang Shoujing; After new queen to lay eggs, the bee colony (F3) of third generation hybrid system just becomes a new lines.
(8) the new lines bee colony (F3) that described step (7) is cultivated is adopted inbreeding means, traversed by or backcross, make bad gene pure, be convenient to eliminate, make excellent gene pure, proterties reaches unanimity, and forms the honeybee new lines with genetic stability basis.
2. the selection of a kind of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cultivate in the process of Italian Bee virgin king in described step (2), adopt compound method of moving worm, namely worm is moved after 24 hours the 1st time, king's frame is educated in taking-up, take off royal cell, larva abandoned by tweezer, in position immediately again shift-in one from Italian Bee female group (Em) larva spleen the of the right age larva of hatching within 24 hours (larva body is crescent, egg white look), the virgin king brought out like this is physically fit, and fecundity is high.
3. the selection of a kind of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (4) cultivates golden noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee kind with in the process of drone as male parent (Kj), gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group in spring (Kf) is minimumly no less than 7 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and all climb full honeybee), and gold noise made in coughing or vomiting honeybee father group in summer (Kf) answers more than 10 sufficient frame honeybees (often open honeycomb two sides and all climb full honeybee).
4. the selection of a kind of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the new lines honeybee kind of cultivating in described step (8), body colour is purplish red, afterbody is black, be specially: three, the 4th backboard plate point is black, 5th backboard 1/5 is black, and the 6th backboard 2/3 is black.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968531.4A CN105494264B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of selection of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968531.4A CN105494264B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of selection of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105494264A true CN105494264A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
| CN105494264B CN105494264B (en) | 2018-03-30 |
Family
ID=55702882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510968531.4A Active CN105494264B (en) | 2015-12-14 | 2015-12-14 | A kind of selection of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105494264B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508816A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 贵港市桂东南中蜂养殖专业合作社 | Artificial breeding method for queen Chinese honeybees |
| CN107258703A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-20 | 福建农林大学 | Honeybee ovum for microinjection pipettes method |
| CN107889796A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-10 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that honeybee is the pollination of facility Grafted Watermelon Long term cultivation |
| CN108782463A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-13 | 田林县真品农牧种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of queen bee |
| CN109874757A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-14 | 李宗易 | The method of selecting of honeybee kind bee in a kind of cultivation |
| CN113197158A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-03 | 武汉市华明达蜂业有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-temperature-resistant high-yield apis cerana |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1371599A (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2002-10-02 | 王凤鹤 | Method for solving the problem of bee bumping tent and not to pollination in tent |
| RU2004102070A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-06-27 | Михаил Леонидович Цветков (RU) | METHOD FOR FORMING BEES |
| CN1883261A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2006-12-27 | 云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所 | Method for culturing cenospecies of apis cerana fabricius and apis mellifera linneae |
| CN101548660A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-10-07 | 慈溪市畜牧兽医技术推广中心 | Artificial cultivation method of apis cerana queen |
| WO2011001423A2 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | Jonathan Cnaani | System of breeding bumblebees for improved monitoring and increased pollination efficiency |
| CN103283683A (en) * | 2013-05-25 | 2013-09-11 | 兰溪市花言蜜坊农业科技有限公司 | Method for breeding special pollination apis cerana |
| CN103931567A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南蜜蜂哥哥蜂业有限公司 | Elite breeding method for apis cerana in southern area of China |
-
2015
- 2015-12-14 CN CN201510968531.4A patent/CN105494264B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1371599A (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2002-10-02 | 王凤鹤 | Method for solving the problem of bee bumping tent and not to pollination in tent |
| RU2004102070A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-06-27 | Михаил Леонидович Цветков (RU) | METHOD FOR FORMING BEES |
| CN1883261A (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2006-12-27 | 云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所 | Method for culturing cenospecies of apis cerana fabricius and apis mellifera linneae |
| CN101548660A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2009-10-07 | 慈溪市畜牧兽医技术推广中心 | Artificial cultivation method of apis cerana queen |
| WO2011001423A2 (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | Jonathan Cnaani | System of breeding bumblebees for improved monitoring and increased pollination efficiency |
| CN103283683A (en) * | 2013-05-25 | 2013-09-11 | 兰溪市花言蜜坊农业科技有限公司 | Method for breeding special pollination apis cerana |
| CN103931567A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南蜜蜂哥哥蜂业有限公司 | Elite breeding method for apis cerana in southern area of China |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 余习春 等: "金喀蜂及其管理要点", 《中国养蜂》 * |
| 余习春: ""金喀"蜂王诱入中蜂群的一例成功经验", 《蜜蜂杂志》 * |
| 刘显武: ""金喀"和"浆蜂"杂交后代的经济性状表现", 《蜜蜂杂志》 * |
| 徐希莲: "授粉专用蜜蜂的培育技术", 《特种经济动植物》 * |
| 马德风 等: "蜜蜂双交种的选育", 《中国养蜂》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106508816A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 贵港市桂东南中蜂养殖专业合作社 | Artificial breeding method for queen Chinese honeybees |
| CN107258703A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-10-20 | 福建农林大学 | Honeybee ovum for microinjection pipettes method |
| CN107889796A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-10 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | It is a kind of to utilize the method that honeybee is the pollination of facility Grafted Watermelon Long term cultivation |
| CN108782463A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-13 | 田林县真品农牧种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of queen bee |
| CN109874757A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-14 | 李宗易 | The method of selecting of honeybee kind bee in a kind of cultivation |
| CN109874757B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2021-10-01 | 李宗易 | Selection method of breeding apis cerana |
| CN113197158A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-03 | 武汉市华明达蜂业有限公司 | Method for cultivating high-temperature-resistant high-yield apis cerana |
| CN113197158B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2023-09-22 | 武汉市华明达蜂业有限公司 | Cultivation method for high-temperature-resistant and high-yield honeybees |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105494264B (en) | 2018-03-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105494264B (en) | A kind of selection of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination | |
| Reyes-Agüero et al. | Reproductive biology of Opuntia: A review | |
| Mason et al. | Evolution of domesticated animals | |
| Duso et al. | The impact of eriophyoids on crops: recent issues on Aculus schlechtendali, Calepitrimerus vitis and Aculops lycopersici | |
| CN102308770B (en) | Breeding method for new marine backcrossed scallop variety | |
| CN102301968B (en) | Method for cultivating new variety of hybridized and backcrossed Argopecten purpuratus | |
| Velthuis | The historical background of the domestication of the bumble-bee, Bombus terrestris, and its introduction in agriculture | |
| CN101466260A (en) | Lettuce breeding method | |
| CN106954592B (en) | Large-scale breeding method for Alliid lice spikemoss | |
| CN107041340B (en) | Breeding method of high-yield and high-resistance bees | |
| CN107691382A (en) | A kind of apis cerana cultural method | |
| CN109997793A (en) | A kind of queen bee introduces a fine variety hybridization breeding method | |
| CN105746435A (en) | Method for propagating chrysopa pallens larvae through rice moth eggs | |
| CN101595857B (en) | Artificial large-scale feeding method of ophraella communa lesage | |
| WO2010096951A1 (en) | A perennial hybrid seed producing method for annual cotton | |
| Cribb et al. | A comparative study of the effects of using the honeybee as a pollinating agent of glasshouse tomato | |
| JP6783955B2 (en) | Method for producing Lactuca plant seeds using Megachile bees | |
| CN105028182A (en) | Seed preparation method for waxy maize hybrids of Zhenuoyu 7 | |
| CN114651793B (en) | Artificial breeding of trichogramma obscura and method for preventing and treating spodoptera frugiperda by using trichogramma obscura | |
| Gold et al. | Honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos), a multi-purpose tree for the temperate zone | |
| CN109122290A (en) | A kind of method of effective passivation Soviet Union gulf corn germplasm photoperiod sensitivity | |
| Svistunov et al. | Selection of bees of the gray mountain caucasian breed: Apis mellifera caucasica L. of the Krasnaya polyana type | |
| JP4471983B2 (en) | Method of mating lettuce with fruit flies | |
| Velthuis et al. | The breeding, commercialization and economic value of bumblebees | |
| CN103749401B (en) | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |