CN103749401B - Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application - Google Patents
Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103749401B CN103749401B CN201310636434.6A CN201310636434A CN103749401B CN 103749401 B CN103749401 B CN 103749401B CN 201310636434 A CN201310636434 A CN 201310636434A CN 103749401 B CN103749401 B CN 103749401B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sch
- ant
- female
- gene
- male
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling the male ratio. In the method, a sex-limited ant color system under the control of an sch mutant gene carried on Z chromosome of silkworm and a +sch gene translocated on a W chromosome is taken as a donor, and a Z<sch> gene and a W<+sch> gene of the donor can transferred onto a receptor through hybridization in which an ordinary ant color practical silkworm variety is taken as the receptor. In the method, the genetic regularity of key genes (namely, the Z<sch> gene and the W<+sch> gene) for controlling the male ratio are organically combined with a classical silkworm breeding method, thereby forming a practical silkworm variety method capable of controlling the male ratio in rapid breeding is constructed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Perspective of Animal Breeding Methods, particularly Silkworm varieties is cultivated.
Technical background
Silkworm is a kind of important economic insects, for human use has the historical origin of more than 5000 year.Silkworm is multiplied by sexual reproduction, and the individual ratio of offspring's male and female is impartial, forms a kind of balance of nature, is convenient to derive offspring without interruption.Silkworm is female and malely have different features respectively, needs female or malely to control in production in order to reach certain target.
The sex chromosome of silkworm is ZW type, and W chromosome has female decisive action.Scientists utilizes this feature by chromosome engineering, and successively obtain the systems such as speckle is sex-limited, ovum look sex-limited and ant look sex-limited, these all can distinguish male and female according to morphological markers, expects the object realizing female-male proportion thus.Speckle is sex-limited needs the grown silkworm phase to differentiate male and female, at this moment in raising, has dropped into a large amount of manpower and materials, and uneconomic shortcoming is given prominence to.Ovum look sex-limited differentiates male and female in the ovum phase, the ant look sex-limited newly-hatched silkworm body colour according to just hatching differentiates male and female, though this two type systematic largely avoid the excessively late puzzlement brought of speckle sex-limited resolution phase, but the individual body profile that male and female differentiate the phase is very little, from the colony of male and female equal distribution, the difficulty of safe separating male and female individuality is very large, operability is very poor, and manual operations can not adapt to produce upper a large amount of demand used at all.
Silkworm is that sperm and ovum are combined into dliploid and develop into individuality.Silkworm male moth can produce 1,400,000-200 ten thousand enpyrene spermatozoons, and a female moth generally only produces 300-600 grain ovum; Male moth can with multiple female moth mating, multiple female moth normal fertilization can be made.Female proportion shared in colony is key or the bottleneck of silkworm procreation.During silkworm egg is produced, male moth usually can with 2-3 the normal mate and oviposit of female moth, if controlled, male silkworm supports female silkworm, the female silkworm of raising shared ratio in colony is made to improve 70% by 50%, produce the silkworm egg of same quantity, original seed raising scale will reduce 1/3 in theory, and namely cost will reduce by 1/3.In addition, raw cocoon production utilizes silkworm sex linked balanced lethal line to breed male silkworm crossbreed in producing, with female-male proportion can not regulate and control, male and female silkworm ratio remains the female moth of conventional Silkworm varieties of 1: 1 always and the male moth mating production of hybrid seeds of silkworm sex linked balanced lethal line, breeds 4 times that a male silkworm crossbreed is a breeding Common corn hybrid production cost; If with speckle sex limited race in the grown silkworm phase eliminate male individuality select and remain female individuality and silkworm sex linked balanced lethal line hero individuality hybridize, the production cost of breeding a male silkworm crossbreed is 1.75 times of a breeding Common corn hybrid; If with female-male proportion be 1: 0 single female Silkworm varieties as breeding male silkworm crossbreed female parent, the production cost of male silkworm crossbreed will significantly reduce, contribute to social production accept extensively raise single male silkworm.
Parthenogenesis is the effective way getting rid of the single female individuals of male acquisition.The parthenogenesis method that Application comparison is many is the lukewarm water facture that former Soviet Union Astaurov proposes, main operation takes out ovum in the female moth body of sprouting wings, foreign material are removed in clear water, place in 25 DEG C of environment after 10-12 hour with 46 DEG C of warm water leaching ovum 18min, put into room temperature water 3-5min again, take out ovum dry after 15-17 DEG C, place 3d under RH80% damp condition, some parthenogenesis can be obtained and grow ovum.China Wang Yong is material with bivoltine race by force, and suitable parthenogenesis lukewarm water inductive condition is leaching temperature 44--46 DEG C, ovum, leaching ovum time 14--18 minute to think current race.There is very big-difference (34.2%-87.6%) between parthenogenesis incidence kind, average originating rate is 51.13%; The incubation rate that ovum is grown in parthenogenesis is quite low, and some kinds only have 1 or 2 larvae hatch.By the directive breeding of more than 10 years, the parthenogenesis incidence of some strain can reach 90%, and the incubation rate that some strain grows ovum can reach 80%.The common lopsided silkworm of the larva that parthenogenesis hatches, health is poor, difficulty is foster.We raise the individual and female individuality of sexual reproduction of the parthenogenesis of same kind, result parthenogenesis individuality have grow slow, through long, cocoon weight with cocoon shell weight is low, health is poor, difficult foster shortcoming.These female silkworm application illustrating that parthenogenesis obtains are produced exists many difficulties really.
Silkworm sex-linkage red ant sch (1-21.5) gene pairs Normal appearances is recessive inheritance, and namely heterozygote newly-hatched silkworm body colour shows as conventional black ant, homozygote newly-hatched silkworm body colour shows as red ant mutant character.Huang Junting utilizes chromosome engineering by the+sch fragment of normal silkworm Z chromosome (namely corresponding to the normal chromosomal fragment of sch gene) swivel base on W chromosome, obtains sex-limited ant colour system system.The genotype of this system hero is Z
schz
sch, two allelomorph isozygoty and show as red ant; Female genotype is Z
schw
+ sch, W chromosome has the dominant normal gene that sch is corresponding, performance dominant gene proterties is normal black ant.Common silkworm Z chromosome is normal (i.e.+sch) without sch mutator gene, and male and female newly-hatched silkworm all shows as black ant, and wherein the genotype of female individuality is Z
+ schw, male individual genotype is Z
+ schz
+ sch.
Summary of the invention
Object one of the present invention is the breeding method of the practical Silkworm varieties providing a kind of male ratio controlled.
Object one of the present invention is realized by following measures:
A breeding method for the practical Silkworm varieties that male ratio is controlled, (is called for short Z afterwards silkworm Z chromosome to carry sch mutator gene
sch, correspondence is normally called for short Z
+ sch) and W chromosome on by swivel base have+sch gene (be called for short W
+ sch) the sex-limited ant colour system system of co-controlling is as donor parents, with common ant look practical Silkworm varieties, (female genotype is for Z
+ schw, shows as black ant, and male genotype is Z
+ schz
+ sch, show as black ant) and carry out gene transfer as receptor parent, by the Z of donor parents
schgene and W
+ schgene transfer is to receptor parent.
The breeding method of the practical Silkworm varieties that above-mentioned male ratio is controlled, described gene transfer procedure comprises the following steps: first respectively by Z
schgene and W
+ schgene transfer, to receptor parent, sets up Z respectively
schgene transfer system and W
+ schgene transfer system, then by Z
schgene transfer system and W
+ schz in gene transfer system
schgene and W
+ schgene fusion, to a system, completes the Z of donor parents
schgene and W
+ schgene transfer is to receptor parent.Practical Silkworm varieties as receptor parent should be that growth is neat, health is good, detection d cube is excellent, integral economic trait is better, have the Silkworm varieties of one or more advantage.At Z
schgene and W
+ schgene shifts and finally in the whole process that merges respectively, the selection of the economical and practical proterties of silkworm and raising and stablely all adopt conventional breeding method of mulberry silkworm.
Above-mentioned W
+ schw is set up in gene transfer
+ schgene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, carries out W with the female of donor parents and the male mating of receptor parent
+ schthe first time transfer hybridization of gene; Step 2., the offspring produced by previous step in pupa time the select and remain male mating of female individuality and receptor parent again carry out W
+ schgene transfer is hybridized; Repeat step 2. m time, m>=1.So, W
+ schgene often needs to receptor parent transfer hybridization once, just to select and remain in pupa time the male mating of female individuality and receptor parent with the offspring of previous step generation, until W
+ schthe economic form proterties of gene transfer system and quantitative character reach realistic scale.2+m+1 walks, and the offspring that 2+m step produces carries out selfing and stablizes, and completes donor parents W
+ schgene is to the transfer of receptor parent.As shown in Figure 1.The W completed
+ schthe female genotype of gene transfer system is Z
+ schw
+ sch, show as black ant, male genotype is Z
+ schz
+ sch, show as black ant.
Silkworm Z chromosome is sex crisscross inheritance, and sch is to being normally recessive inheritance, and after sch gene pure body red ant food mulberry, body colour mutant character fades away, and plays silkworm 2 ages and starts and general black newly-hatched silkworm no significant difference.Need male and female sex to be combined with newly-hatched silkworm body colour phenotype in gene transfer procedure to carry out selecting and remain Z
schgene.The second, in order to gene transfer system obtains more polyceptor parental cell cytoplasmic inheritance material, improve its economic achievement fast, complete Z
schgene transfer, at Z
schin gene transfer procedure, use the female hybridization of receptor parent as far as possible.Based on these two principles, above-mentioned Z
schz is set up in gene transfer
schgene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, is carried out first time with the female of receptor parent with the hero of donor parents and shifted hybridization; 2., filial generation is female shows as red ant in first time transfer, and hero shows as black ant for step, collects ants to eliminate when raising that the female black ant of selecting and remain of red ant is male shifts hybridization with the female second time of carrying out of receptor parent; 3., second time transfer filial generation hero has 2 kinds of genotype to step, and phenotype is all black ants, and female have 2 kinds of genotype, and phenotype divides the black ant of red ant 2 kinds, collects ants to eliminate the select and remain hero of red ant and receptor parent of black ant when raising and carry out third time and shift hybridization; Step 4., third time offspring's male and female of transfer hybridization only have a kind of genotype and the black ant phenotype of one respectively, male individual female with receptor parent of selecting and remain pupa time carries out shifting for the 4th time and hybridizes cocoon.4. 3. step form a Z with step
schthe operation cycle of gene transfer hybridization, so circulates through n (n>=0) secondary, until Z
schthe economic form proterties of gene transfer system and quantitative character reach realistic scale.4+2n+1 walks, offspring's hero that 4+2n step produces has 2 kinds of genotype, phenotype is all black ants, female have 2 kinds of genotype, phenotype divides the black ant of red ant 2 kinds, and collect ants when raising and separately raised by black for red ant ant, red ant is female individuality entirely, in black ant, male and female individuality all has, and to eliminate pupa time in black ant individuality female selects and remain hero in black ant individuality and the female selfing subculture of red ant for cocoon; 4+2n+2 walks, the offspring that 4+2n+1 step produces has 2 kind of groups, and a types of populations is that in a moth ovum, male and female all only have a kind of genotype, all only has the black ant of a kind of phenotype, this kind of groups does not have target gene type and phenotype, eliminates this kind of groups during hatching according to the phenotype of newly-hatched silkworm; Femalely in one moth ovum there are 2 kinds of black ants of the red ant of genotype, 2 kinds of phenotypes in another kind of colony, and hero also has 2 kinds of black ants of the red ant of genotype, 2 kinds of phenotypes, and the male and red ant of red ant is female is Z
schthe target individual of gene transfer demand, eliminate during hatching black ant select and remain red ant raise, selfing subculture; 4+2n+3 walks, and offspring's male and female that 4+2n+2 step produces are all red ants, and selfing is stablized.So far, donor parents Z is completed
schgene is to the transfer of receptor parent.As shown in Figure 2.The Z completed
schthe female genotype of gene transfer system is Z
schw, shows as red ant, and male genotype is Z
schz
sch, also show as red ant.
Above-mentioned W
+ schgene transfer system and Z
schthe fusion of gene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, uses W
+ schfemale (the black ant) of gene transfer system and Z
schthe hero hybridization of gene transfer system; 2., the female genotype of the offspring that 1. step produces is Z to step
schw
+ sch, phenotype is black ant, and male genotype is Z
schz
+ sch, phenotype is black ant, cocoon to eliminate pupa time hero select and remain female again with Z
schthe hero hybridization of gene transfer system; 3., the female genotype of the offspring that 2. step produces is Z to step
schw
+ sch, phenotype is black ant, and male genotype is Z
schz
sch, phenotype is red ant, and selfing is stablized, and completes W
+ schgene and Z
schgene fusion is to a system.As shown in Figure 3.This is a new sex-limited ant colour system system, and hero has temperature sensitive lethal embryonic period, embryonic phase, and does not femalely have temperature sensitive lethal embryonic period, embryonic phase.So far, the Z of donor parents is completed
schgene and W
+ schgene transfer, to receptor parent, obtains the practical Silkworm varieties that male ratio is controlled.
In gene transfer procedure, gene transfer hybridizes 1 time in theory, and the genetic material of receptor parent accounts for 50% in gene transfer system, and gene transfer hybridizes 2 times, and the genetic material of receptor parent accounts for 75% in gene transfer system; Hybridize 3 times, the genetic material of receptor parent accounts for 87.5% in gene transfer system; The like, hybridize n time, the genetic material of receptor parent accounts for [1-(1/2) in gene transfer system
n)] * 100%.If gene transfer hybridization 4 ~ 5 times, then the genetic material of receptor parent accounts for 93.75 ~ 96.875% in gene transfer system, and namely the genetic material of donor parents only accounts for 3.125 ~ 6.25% in gene transfer system.The more, the ratio that the genetic material of receptor parent is shared in gene transfer system is larger, but hybridization number of times is more, needs more from generation to generation, must extend breeding cycle or increase breeding cost for gene transfer hybridization number of times.In fact binomial probability distribution is obeyed containing receptor parent blood relationship composition individuality in filial generation, hybridization number of times is few, and the probability of defect individual of selecting and remain is less, and hybridization number of times is more, the probability of defect individual selected and remain is larger, is to select in the offspring that reserves seed for planting containing how many excellent genes key.At certain experimental size or under dynamics is eliminated in certain selection, hybridize 3 ~ 4 times, defect individual of selecting and remain is feasible.Whether gene transfer continues hybridization after hybridizing 3 ~ 4 times, can determine according to the Economic Characters of gene transfer system.
The controlled practical Silkworm varieties conventional environment of above-mentioned male ratio hastens the hatching of silkworms, and male and female newly-hatched silkworm hatch rate (the red ant hatch rate of black ant) is approximately 1: 1.
The object of the invention two is to provide the method adopting the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of above-mentioned male ratio to control male ratio.
The object of the invention two is realized by following measures:
Adopt the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of above-mentioned male ratio to control the method for male ratio, hasten the hatching of silkworms in conventional Incubation environment to oneself
2~ oneself
3 +during embryo, with the humidity environment process 24-60 hour of 28 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C temperature, RH50% ~ 60%, then in conventional Incubation environment protection to hatching.It is 1: 1 balance that this method breaks the male and female silkworm ratio of hatching.Obtaining female-male proportion if wish is the colony of 2: 1 ~ 3: 1, just with the low-intensity process controlling male ratio; Obtain female-male proportion if wish close to the colony of 1: 0, just adopt the high strength process controlling male ratio.Give the process intensity of the male ratio of different control, male and female hatch ratio difference, the newly-hatched silkworm female-male proportion that can realize hatching be 2: 1 or 3: 1 even close to 1: 0 all kinds of female-male proportion colonies.Freely can control male and female silkworm ratio like this, meet multiple needs.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention is key gene (the i.e. Z by controlling male ratio
schgene and W
+ schgene) genetic development and silkworm breeding classical way organically combine, build the method forming the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of a kind of quick breeding male ratio.Advantage of the present invention:
1. can obtain the Silkworm varieties that the male ratio that reaches production application requirement is controlled.Original sex-limited ant colour system system is a genetic operating system, and economic characters are very poor, can not directly apply to production at all.With the Z that the original sex-limited ant colour system that the present invention can be economic characters are very poor, very wild is united
schgene and W
+ schgene transfer is to practical Silkworm varieties (receptor parent), replace with the genetic constitution of practical Silkworm varieties to original sex-limited ant colour system system and transform in other words, acquisition economic form proterties (as cocoon shape, cocoon look etc.) and quantitative character (as cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight etc.) are close to practical parent, reach realistic scale, the practical Silkworm varieties that the male ratio of the multiple project check of the multiple index of sericultural production and requirement is controlled can be met.
2. can obtain the practical Silkworm varieties that the male ratio of the multiclass with different characteristics is controlled.The requirement of (if the spring is with Silkworm varieties, Xia Qiu Silkworm varieties etc.) and raising region (as Silkworm region in the north China, southern silkworm district) is raised season according to difference, select the practical Silkworm varieties with corresponding feature to make receptor parent, can obtain with the present invention and adapt to differently raise season and raise the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of the male ratio of multiclass in region.
3. can to the controlled practical utilization of Silkworm varieties advantage of male ratio and the transformation of shortcoming.Can by the combination of advantages of Silkworm varieties controlled for certain male ratio to another excellent common silkworm variety with the present invention, obtain the Silkworm varieties that higher level, male ratio that production capacity is stronger are controlled; For certain shortcoming of the controlled Silkworm varieties of male ratio, can transform with the common silkworm variety with attendant advantages with the present invention, obtain the practical Silkworm varieties that all excellent male ratio of each characteristic index is controlled.
4. grow normal, health is good, occurs (parthenogenesis has lopsided silkworm to occur, difficult foster) without lopsided silkworm.
5. easy and simple to handle, incidence is high.Conventional male and female moth mating pattern is adopted to breed with the practical Silkworm varieties that the male ratio of the present invention's acquisition is controlled of future generation, the silkworm seed of the female moth output of post-coitum is nearly all fertilized egg, body one by one can be developed under each fertilized egg normal condition, easy and simple to handle, incidence is high, almost 100% (parthenogenesis takes out silkworm seed from virgin moth abdomen, give specific condition again and become two times of growth individualities by it, complex operation, incidence average about 50%, after 10 generation successive selection, some kind incidence can reach 90%, and incidence is low.)。
6. incubation rate is high.The practical Silkworm varieties that the male ratio obtained with the present invention is controlled, under conventional incubation condition, male and female silkworm incubation rate is all more than 90%.Male hatching is controlled by the method for the male ratio of control provided by the invention, can ensure that the incubation rate of female silkworm is more than 90%, incubation rate is high, (incubation rate of parthenogenesis growth ovum is quite low to reach production real requirement, some kinds only have 1 or 2 larvae hatch, and after the directive breeding of more than 10 year, the incubation rate of some breed development ovum can reach 80%.)。
7. arbitrarily control male and female and hatch ratio, meet multiple demand.The practical Silkworm varieties that the male ratio obtained with the present invention is controlled, sch gene pure body (i.e. Z
schz
schhomozygote hero and Z
schw homozygote is female) red ant has temperature sensitive lethal feature embryonic period, embryonic phase, and (genotype is Z to the red ant hero of sex-limited ant colour system system
schz
sch) there is temperature sensitive lethal embryonic period, embryonic phase, and female (the genotype Z of black ant
schw
+ sch) there is no temperature sensitive lethal embryonic period, embryonic phase.Hasten the hatching of silkworms under conventional incubation condition, the male and female silkworm ratio of hatching is approximately 1: 1.With the controlled temperature range of male ratio provided by the invention, time range and humidity range process, under the female hatching of guarantee reaches the condition of realistic scale, the male of practical Silkworm varieties that selective temperature intensity and time intensity arbitrarily can control male ratio controlled hatches ratio, freely regulate and control male and female silkworm ratio, meet multiple demand (parthenogenesis only has female silkworm).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 W
+ schgene transfer flow chart; For eliminating genotype individuals in wire frame; × representative hybridization,
represent selfing.
Fig. 2 Z
schgene transfer flow chart; For eliminating genotype individuals in wire frame; × representative hybridization,
represent selfing.
Fig. 3 W
+ schgene transfer system and Z
schgene transfer system merges flow chart; For eliminating genotype individuals in wire frame; × representative hybridization,
represent selfing.
The controlled practical Silkworm varieties cyanines pine W of the male ratio of Fig. 4
+ sch, 871W
+ schand the photo of parent's cocoon.
The controlled practical Silkworm varieties cyanines pine W of the male ratio of Fig. 5
+ sch, 871W
+ schand the photo of parent's ovum.
Fig. 6 controls male percentage effect and represents photo; Red arrow instruction male (red ant); A is low-intensity control effects, and B is high strength control effects.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is; following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, these those skilled in the art can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The sex-limited ant colour system system Silkworm Variety Resource W-01 adopting Biotechnology Institute of Southwestern University to preserve, this system is a genetic operating system, and economic characters very poor (specifically in table 1, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5), can not be applied to production.We make donor parents with W-01, are used in the practical Silkworm varieties cyanines pine of the high-quality Chinese system producing the application of upper large-scale popularization, 871 etc. as receptor parent, utilize the flow process of Fig. 1 (m=2), Fig. 2 (n=1), Fig. 3, by the Z of W-01 system
schgene and W
+ schgene proceeds to wherein, and the cyanines pine Silkworm varieties obtaining male ratio controlled (is called for short cyanines pine W
+ sch) and controlled 871 Silkworm varieties of male ratio (be called for short 871W
+ sch).
A. the practical effect of economic characters
Unite compared with W-01 with original sex-limited ant colour system, the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of male ratio is grown slightly slow, but grow neat, economic form proterties homogeneous, there are cocoon shape and the ovum look feature (see Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) of obvious Chinese system receptor parent, economic quantities proterties is greatly improved, close with receptor parent, reaches realistic scale (see table 1).Investigate developmental duration to pass through for 5 length of times and to pass through full age, investigate health with worm pupa rate, investigate with single moth egg amount and breed proterties, with cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and Cocoon layer ratio investigation Cocoon Quality Traits, the loose W of the controlled practical Silkworm varieties cyanines of male ratio
+ schand 871W
+ sch, corresponding receptor parent cyanines pine and 871 and donor parents W-01, developmental duration, the health of raising autumn in 2013, breed achievement and cocoon quality achievement as table 1.As known from Table 1, though the controlled practical Silkworm varieties of male ratio is grown slightly slower than donor parents, fast than receptor parent, and at health, breed far beyond donor parents in performance and cocoon quality achievement etc., close with receptor parent.From Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the controlled practical Silkworm varieties economic form proterties of male ratio is as cocoon shape, cocoon body size, ovum look and produce attached etc. similar to receptor parent, and economic form is well neat and well spaced, meets production application requirement.
Table 1 main rearing autumn in 2013 (single moth ovum number, cocoon quality achievement are sampling 10 individual average achievements)
B. the controlled effect of male ratio
The instant pickling kind of the controlled Silkworm varieties of male ratio that autumn in 2013 obtains, controls the specially treated of male ratio, obtains corresponding male and female newly-hatched silkworm and hatch ratio in embryo development procedure.
1. controlling female-male proportion is the effect of 2: 1--3: 1
When embryo is developed to oneself in conventional Incubation environment
2 +or oneself
3period, with 28 DEG C, the condition process of RH60% 24 hours, and then in conventional Incubation environment protection to hatching.Hatching investigation result is as table 2.871W
+ schvarietal Investigation 2153, wherein black ant is female has hatched 1058, and red ant hero has hatched 401, the red ant ratio of black ant and female-male proportion are about 2.6: 1, can meet seed station and breed the female ratio needs more than hero of original seed; Be 1: 1 by male and female in total ovum grain number, the female incubation rate of black ant is 98.26%, arrives Practical Hatchability of Silkworm Eggs required standard more than 88%.Cyanines pine W
+ schkind has 3972 ovum, and black ant is female has hatched 1923, and the female incubation rate of black ant is 96.87%, and red ant hero has hatched 631, and the male and female ratio of hatching is about 3: 1, male rate control effect and realistic scale and 871W
+ schkind is similar.Hatching represents photo and sees Fig. 6.
Table 2 controls male ratio makes female-male proportion be 2: 1--3: 1 experimental investigation result
2. control the male effect making colony be similar to single female silkworm
When embryo is developed to oneself in conventional Incubation environment
2 +or oneself
3period, with 32 DEG C, the condition process of RH60% 48 hours, then in conventional Incubation environment protection to hatching.Hatching investigation result is as table 3.At 2402 871W
+ schsilkworm seed in, have 1116 female hatchings of black ant, the hatching of 57 red ant heros, the female incubation rate of black ant is 96.87%, and the ratio that in newly-hatched silkworm, black ant is female is 95.14%; 1857 cyanines pine W of process
+ schin silkworm seed, black ant is female has hatched 873, and the female incubation rate of black ant is 92.92%, and red ant hero has hatched 10, and the ratio that in newly-hatched silkworm, black ant is female is 98.97%.The female incubation rate of two kinds all reaches realistic scale, and female silkworm ratio is all more than 95%, can be described as single female silkworm.Fig. 6 is shown in hatching representative.
Table 3 controls male ratio makes colony be similar to the experimental investigation result of single female silkworm
Illustrate: 871W
+ schwith cyanines pine W
+ schtwo kinds, except newly-hatched silkworm body colour is by except homologous genes control, other genetic background widely different (871 is dual-purpose kinds in spring and autumn, and cyanines pine is spring Silkworm varieties), therefore they react slightly difference to the treatment conditions of male rate control.
C. the controlled Silkworm varieties of male ratio obtained grows normally, and health is good, occurs without lopsided silkworm; Easy and simple to handle, incidence is high, reaches 100%; Incubation rate is high, reaches more than 90%, reaches production real requirement.
Claims (2)
1. a breeding method for the practical Silkworm varieties that male ratio is controlled, so that silkworm Z chromosome to carry
schmutator gene, is called for short Z
sch , correspondence is normally called for short Z
+
sch , and on W chromosome by swivel base have+
schgene, is called for short W
+
sch , the sex-limited ant colour system of co-controlling is united as donor parents, with female genotype for Z
+
sch w, Biao Xian Wei ?ant, male genotype is Z
+
sch z
+
sch , Biao Xian Wei ?the common ant look practical Silkworm varieties of ant carry out gene transfer as receptor parent, by the Z of donor parents
sch gene and W
+
sch gene transfer is to receptor parent; Described gene transfer comprises the following steps: first respectively by Z
sch gene and W
+
sch gene transfer, to receptor parent, sets up Z respectively
sch gene transfer system and W
+
sch gene transfer system, then by Z
sch gene transfer system and W
+
sch z in gene transfer system
sch gene and W
+
sch gene fusion, to a system, completes the Z of donor parents
sch gene and W
+
sch gene transfer is to receptor parent;
W
+
sch w is set up in gene transfer
+
sch gene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, carries out W with the female of donor parents and the male mating of receptor parent
+
sch the first time transfer hybridization of gene; Step 2., the offspring produced by previous step in pupa time the select and remain male mating of female individuality and receptor parent carry out W
+
sch the hybridization of transfer again of gene; Repeat step 2. m time, m≤1; 2+m+1 walks, and the offspring that 2+m step produces carries out selfing and stablizes, and completes donor parents W
+
sch gene is to the transfer of receptor parent; The W completed
+
sch the female genotype of gene transfer system is Z
+
sch w
+
sch , Biao Xian Wei ?ant, male genotype is Z
+
sch z
+
sch , Biao Xian Wei ?ant;
Z
sch z is set up in gene transfer
sch gene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, is carried out first time with the female of receptor parent with the hero of donor parents and shifted hybridization; 2., filial generation is female shows as red ant in first time transfer, and hero shows as black ant for step, collect ants to eliminate when raising red ant female Xuan Liu ?ant is male shifts hybridization with the female second time of carrying out of receptor parent; 3., second time transfer filial generation hero has 2 kinds of genotype to step, and phenotype is all black ants, and female have 2 kinds of genotype, and phenotype divides the black ant of red ant 2 kinds, collect ants Tao Tai when raising ?the select and remain hero of red ant and receptor parent of ant carry out third time and shift hybridization; Step 4., third time offspring's male and female of transfer hybridization only have a kind of genotype and the black ant phenotype of one respectively, male individual female with receptor parent of selecting and remain pupa time carries out shifting for the 4th time and hybridizes cocoon; 4. 3. step form a Z with step
sch the operation cycle of gene transfer hybridization, so circulates through n time, n≤0, until Z
sch the economic form proterties of gene transfer system and quantitative character reach realistic scale; 4+2n+1 walks, offspring's hero that 4+2n step produces has 2 kinds of genotype, phenotype is all black ants, female have 2 kinds of genotype, phenotype divides the black ant of red ant 2 kinds, and collect ants when raising and separately raised by black for red ant ant, red ant is female individuality entirely, in black ant, male and female individuality all has, and to eliminate pupa time in black ant individuality female selects and remain hero in black ant individuality and the female selfing subculture of red ant for cocoon; 4+2n+2 walks, the offspring that 4+2n+1 step produces has 2 kind of groups, and a types of populations is that in a moth ovum, male and female all only have a kind of genotype, all only has the black ant of a kind of phenotype, this kind of groups does not have target gene type and phenotype, eliminates this kind of groups during hatching according to the phenotype of newly-hatched silkworm; Femalely in one moth ovum there are 2 kinds of black ants of the red ant of genotype, 2 kinds of phenotypes in another kind of colony, and hero also has 2 kinds of black ants of the red ant of genotype, 2 kinds of phenotypes, and the male and red ant of red ant is female is Z
sch the target individual of gene transfer demand, eliminate during hatching black ant select and remain red ant raise, selfing subculture; 4+2n+3 walks, and offspring's male and female that 4+2n+2 step produces are all red ants, and selfing is stablized; So far, donor parents Z is completed
sch gene to the transfer of receptor parent, the Z completed
sch the female genotype of gene transfer system is Z
sch w, shows as red ant, and male genotype is Z
sch z
sch , also show as red ant;
W
+
sch gene transfer system and Z
sch the fusion of gene transfer system comprises the following steps: 1. step, uses W
+
sch female and the Z of gene transfer system
sch the hero hybridization of gene transfer system; 2., the female genotype of the offspring that 1. step produces is Z to step
sch w
+ sch, phenotype is black ant, and male genotype is Z
sch z
+
sch , phenotype is black ant, cocoon to eliminate pupa time hero select and remain female again with Z
sch the hero hybridization of gene transfer system; 3., the female genotype of the offspring that 2. step produces is Z to step
sch w
+
sch , phenotype is black ant, and male genotype is Z
sch z
sch , phenotype is red ant, and selfing is stablized, and completes W
+
sch gene and Z
sch gene fusion is to a system.
2. adopt the breeding method of the practical Silkworm varieties that male ratio is controlled described in claim 1, hasten the hatching of silkworms in conventional Incubation environment to oneself
2~ oneself
3 +during embryo, with the humidity environment process 24-60 hour of 28 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C temperature, RH50% ~ 60%, then in conventional Incubation environment protection to hatching.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310636434.6A CN103749401B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310636434.6A CN103749401B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103749401A CN103749401A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN103749401B true CN103749401B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
Family
ID=50516860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310636434.6A Expired - Fee Related CN103749401B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103749401B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110352918A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-22 | 重庆三峡农业科学院(重庆市万州区甘宁蚕种场) | A kind of raising quality of silkworm eggs method |
| CN114216870B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-10-03 | 辽宁省蚕业科学研究所 | Screening method of tussah breeding material and application thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1419821A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-28 | 成都天友生物科技股份有限公司 | Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method |
-
2013
- 2013-12-02 CN CN201310636434.6A patent/CN103749401B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1419821A (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-28 | 成都天友生物科技股份有限公司 | Temp-sensitive lethality male silkworm breeding method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| sch基因在家蚕性别控制及单养雄蚕品种选育上的应用研究;朱勇等;《蚕业科学》;20011231;第27卷(第4期);第253页左栏第3段，右栏第1-3段及图1 * |
| 家蚕Z→W染色体易位的诱导及其基因组成的分析;黄君霆等;《遗传学报》;19860331;第13卷(第1期);第49页第1段，第50页第1段，第53页第2段及图1-2 * |
| 家蚕胚胎期伴性温敏性与伴性赤蚁sch基因及亲本的关系研究;陈萍;《蚕业科学》;20070630;第33卷(第2期);第284-287页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103749401A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102301968B (en) | Method for cultivating new variety of hybridized and backcrossed Argopecten purpuratus | |
| CN102318571B (en) | Culture method of hybrid new variety of Argopecten irradias and Argopecten purpuratus | |
| CN102308770B (en) | Breeding method for new marine backcrossed scallop variety | |
| CN100405899C (en) | Method for culturing cenospecies of apis cerana fabricius and apis mellifera linneae | |
| CN102301971B (en) | Method for breeding novel hybrid scallop variety of Argopecten purpuratus and Argopecten irradians irradians | |
| CN105494264B (en) | A kind of selection of excellent honeybee kind for protected crop pollination | |
| CN101361468A (en) | Common intertidal shellfish high-yield anti-adversity seed selection method | |
| CN106234267B (en) | A kind of selection of the miscellaneous sea backcrossing low temperature resistant strain of scallop | |
| CN107667976A (en) | A kind of producing method for seed of the high yield type reed catkins feather layer of green-shell egg of automatic sexing | |
| CN104186388B (en) | The construction method of the purple scallop hybrid three series mating breeding system in sea and application | |
| CN102405886B (en) | Method for selecting long-term domestic silkworm pupa new material by crossing domestic silkworms and wild silkworms | |
| CN104160996B (en) | The construction method of purple black scallop hybrid maintainer and application | |
| CN101427667B (en) | Breeding method for cultivated silkworm breed variety of fluorine resistant larva and non-palea perfect insect wing | |
| CN103355080B (en) | A kind of cultural method of perennial forage maize | |
| CN101926293A (en) | Breeding method of clam fast growth strain | |
| CN103749401B (en) | Practical silkworm variety cultivation method capable of controlling male ratio and application | |
| CN104823889B (en) | A kind of breeding method of scallop hybrid breeding | |
| CN101965815A (en) | Fine breeding method for large yellow croaker | |
| CN106069956B (en) | A kind of selection of the miscellaneous backcrossing low temperature resistant strain of scallop in sea | |
| CN101766137A (en) | Method for establishing core selecting group of common intertidal shellfish | |
| CN104160998B (en) | The construction method of purple extra large scallop hybrid male sterile line and application | |
| CN107821342B (en) | Breeding method of silkworm with multiple silks and capable of resisting blood type pyosis | |
| CN104206325B (en) | The construction method of purple extra large scallop hybrid three series mating breeding system and application | |
| Xu et al. | Genetic analyses of six quantitative traits of a doubled haploid population of Porphyra haitanensis Chang et Zheng (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) | |
| CN103355161B (en) | Create the female backcross method of silkworm sex linked balanced lethal line |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150527 Termination date: 20151202 |
|
| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |