CN105492734A - 发动机冷却系统 - Google Patents

发动机冷却系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105492734A
CN105492734A CN201480047025.5A CN201480047025A CN105492734A CN 105492734 A CN105492734 A CN 105492734A CN 201480047025 A CN201480047025 A CN 201480047025A CN 105492734 A CN105492734 A CN 105492734A
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radiator
engine
cooling system
cooling
rankine cycle
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本田拓
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
    • F01P9/06—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00 by use of refrigerating apparatus, e.g. of compressor or absorber type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
    • F01P9/02—Cooling by evaporation, e.g. by spraying water on to cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2304/00—Optimising design; Manufacturing; Testing
    • B60Y2304/03—Reducing weight
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P2003/001—Cooling liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/18—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers
    • F01P2003/185—Arrangements or mounting of liquid-to-air heat-exchangers arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2050/00—Applications
    • F01P2050/22—Motor-cars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/02—Intercooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/16—Outlet manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种能够抑制因搭载朗肯循环而引起的车重增加、且能够提高朗肯循环的性能的发动机冷却系统。发动机冷却系统具备：朗肯循环(31)，使制冷剂(30)在制冷剂泵(25)、蒸发器(26)、膨胀器(28)及冷凝器(29)中依次循环而构成；发动机主体(10)，在吸气通路(5)中设置有涡轮增压器(6)；以及散热器(3)，在该散热器(3)中循环着发动机主体用冷却水(18)；其中，与散热器(3)并列地设置副散热器(2)，将被涡轮增压器(6)压缩后的压缩空气(8)用作蒸发器(26)的加热源，并且将副散热器(2)的出口侧冷却水(32)用作冷凝器(29)的冷却源。

Description

发动机冷却系统
技术领域
本发明涉及发动机冷却系统，更详细地讲，涉及抑制了因搭载朗肯循环而引起的车重增加、且提高了朗肯循环的性能的发动机冷却系统。
背景技术
以往，为了回收发动机的废热而改善油耗，例如像日本申请的特开平11-51582号公报(专利文献1)所记载的那样，提出了在车辆中搭载朗肯循环。例如，将被发动机主体加热后的发动机主体用冷却水作为朗肯循环的加热源，并且将被副散热器冷却后的中冷器用冷却水作为冷却源，从而能够将这些冷却水的温度差在压缩机(涡轮机(turbine))中作为动力来回收。
然而，如果在车辆中搭载朗肯循环，则车重会增加，因此，油耗改善的效果可能会被抵消掉。
此外，发动机主体用冷却水的温度充其量为100℃前后，所以冷却水的温度差必然较小，很难充分地发挥朗肯循环的性能而进一步改善油耗。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本申请的特开平11-51582号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
本发明的目的在于，提供一种能够抑制因搭载朗肯循环而引起的车重增加、且能够提高朗肯循环的性能的发动机冷却系统。
解决课题所采用的技术手段
为了实现上述目的的本发明的发动机冷却系统具备：朗肯循环，使制冷剂在制冷剂泵、蒸发器、膨胀器及冷凝器中依次循环而构成；发动机主体，在吸气通路中设置有增压器；以及散热器，在该散热器中循环着所述发动机主体用的冷却水；其特征在于，与所述散热器并列地设置有副散热器，将被所述增压器压缩后的压缩空气用作所述蒸发器的加热源，并且将所述副散热器的出口侧的冷却水用作所述冷凝器的冷却源。
发明的效果：
根据本发明的发动机冷却系统，作为朗肯循环中的蒸发器的加热源，使用温度比以往的发动机主体用冷却水高的压缩空气，因此，能够提高朗肯循环的性能，从而改善油耗。
此外，使用朗肯循环的蒸发器对压缩空气进行冷却，因此不需要现有的中冷器，能够抑制车重的增加。
附图说明
图1是由本发明的实施方式构成的发动机冷却系统的构成图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本发明的实施方式进行说明。图1示出了由本发明的实施方式构成的发动机冷却系统。
该发动机冷却系统具备从车辆1的前面起依次配置的副散热器2及散热器3。这些副散热器2及散热器3在车辆1的行驶时和怠速时，通过利用了车速风和冷却风扇(未图示)的冷却风的空冷来进行冷却。
在作为发动机冷却系统的冷却对象的柴油机4中，吸入到吸气通路5的空气A经过未图示的空气滤清器，被涡轮增压器6的压缩器7压缩而成为压缩空气8后，经由进气歧管9被提供给发动机主体10。
提供给发动机主体10的压缩空气8与燃料混合并燃烧而产生了热能之后，成为燃烧气体11，从排气歧管12向排气通路13排出，而其一部分成为EGR气体18，分流到与中冷器9附近处的吸气通路5连接的EGR通路14。在EGR通路14中，从排气通路13侧起依次配置有水冷式EGR冷却器16、以及用于调整EGR气体15的流量的EGR阀17。
对发动机主体10进行冷却的发动机主体用冷却水18、以及EGR冷却器15中的冷却所使用的EGR冷却器用冷却水19，通过调温器20而被调节流量，通过水泵21而分别与散热器3之间强制地进行循环。
另一方面，在发动机主体10预热时等从调温器19分流的冷却水22不经由散热器3地进行循环。另外，EGR冷却器用冷却水19通常沿用发动机主体用冷却水18的一部分。
未向EGR通路15分流的燃烧气体11对涡轮增压器6的涡轮机23进行了旋转驱动之后，在由DPF或SCR等构成的废气净化装置24中净化掉了有害物质之后，作为废气G排放到大气中。
在这样的发动机冷却系统中，设置有使制冷剂30在制冷剂泵25、蒸发器26、与发电机27连结的膨胀器28、以及冷凝器29中依次循环而构成的朗肯循环31。
该朗肯循环31中的冷凝器29的冷却侧从副散热器2的出口侧通向水泵21的入口侧，流入副散热器2的出口侧冷却水32(冷却后的发动机主体用冷却水18和EGR冷却器用冷却水19的一部分)。
并且，朗肯循环31的蒸发器26的加热侧设置在压缩器7与EGR通路14之间的吸气通路5，流入被压缩器7压缩而成为高温(例如，约160℃)的压缩空气8。
朗肯循环31中循环的制冷剂30被制冷剂泵25压缩，在蒸发器26中被高温的压缩空气8恒压地加热而成为高压的过热蒸汽，通过膨胀器28而隔热膨胀、且对发电机27进行旋转驱动而发电之后，在冷凝器29中被副散热器2的出口侧冷却水32恒压地冷却而恢复为液体。该发电机27所发出的电力被充电至电池(未图示)中，成为车辆1的电装部件的电源。
这样，作为朗肯循环31中的蒸发器26的加热源，不是如以往那样使用发动机主体用冷却水18，而是使用温度更高的压缩空气8，因此，能够提高朗肯循环31中的动力回收相关的性能，能够改善油耗。
例如，由朗肯循环31中的膨胀器28旋转驱动的发电机27中的发电量增加，因此，交流发电机的发电减少，所以对发动机主体10的负荷减少，油耗被改善。
此外，使用朗肯循环31的蒸发器26对压缩空气8进行冷却，因此，不需要现有的中冷器，能够抑制车重的增加。
另外，本发明的发动机冷却系统的冷却对象不限于上述那样的柴油机4，当然也还包含汽油机。
附图标记的说明
1车辆
2副散热器
3散热器
4柴油机
8压缩空气
10发动机主体
18发动机主体用冷却水
25制冷剂泵
26蒸发器
27发电机
28膨胀器
29冷凝器
30制冷剂
31朗肯循环
32(副散热器的)出口侧冷却水

Claims (3)

1.一种发动机冷却系统，具备：
朗肯循环，使制冷剂在制冷剂泵、蒸发器、膨胀器及冷凝器中依次循环而构成；
发动机主体，在吸气通路中设置有增压器；以及
散热器，在该散热器中循环着所述发动机主体用的冷却水，
该发动机冷却系统的特征在于，
与所述散热器并列地设置有副散热器，
将被所述增压器压缩后的压缩空气用作所述蒸发器的加热源，并且将所述副散热器的出口侧的冷却水用作所述冷凝器的冷却源。
2.如权利要求1所述的发动机冷却系统，其特征在于，
使所述散热器的出口侧的冷却水的一部分，经过所述冷凝器后与向所述副散热器返回的冷却水合流。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的发动机冷却系统，其特征在于，
所述膨胀器连结于发电机。
CN201480047025.5A 2013-10-30 2014-10-03 发动机冷却系统 Pending CN105492734A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2013225547A JP2015086779A (ja) 2013-10-30 2013-10-30 エンジン冷却システム
JP2013-225547 2013-10-30
PCT/JP2014/076556 WO2015064302A1 (ja) 2013-10-30 2014-10-03 エンジン冷却システム

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WO (1) WO2015064302A1 (zh)

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