CN105479866B - 一种复合板材及其生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种复合板材及其生产方法,涉及建材领域,复合板材包括竹木皮面层,之后依次反复为浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,各层之间通过高温高压压合连接,所述竹木皮面层下的第一层浸胶纸层使用大分子量胶水,其余浸胶纸层使用小分子量胶水;复合板材的生产方法,包括以下步骤:将除面层外的竹木皮层进行高温脱糖脱脂处理;将竹木皮面层背面粘上无纺布或玻纤网;将上述第一步、第二步处理后的全部竹木皮层进行干燥平衡处理;将干燥平衡处理后的竹木皮层,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;将竹木皮面层、浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,依次反复分层平铺在压机上,通过压机的压力将各层竹木皮层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸紧密的压合在一起。本发明由于采用上述技术方案,复合板材达到了防水、阻燃、强度高的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建材领域,尤其是涉及一种复合板材及其生产方法。
技术背景
现有的复合板材,如防火板是原纸(钛粉纸、牛皮纸)经过三聚氰胺与酚醛树脂的浸渍工艺,高温高压而成,不是真正的竹木材料,存在不防水、抗冲击力差的缺点;竹木材料、强化地板材料等,就其材质而言,存在着不防水、不阻燃、材质抗冲击力差的缺点,遇水后出现膨胀变形、扭曲,直到破损,吸水后容易吸收污渍,产生霉菌、螨虫等,不利于人体健康;
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明目的是公开一种复合板材及其生产方法,以解决现有复合板材不防水、不阻燃、强度差的问题。
为达到上述发明目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
所述的一种复合板材,包括竹木皮面层,之后依次反复为浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,各层之间通过高温高压压合连接,所述竹木皮面层下的第一层浸胶纸层使用大分子量胶水,其余浸胶纸层使用小分子量胶水。
前述的一种复合板材,所述的除面层外的竹木皮层经过高温脱糖脱脂。
前述的一种复合板材,所述的竹木皮面层背面粘有无纺布或玻纤网。
前述的一种复合板材,所述的全部竹木皮层经过干燥平衡、吸收阻燃剂的处理。
前述的一种复合板材,所述的大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%。
前述的一种复合板材,所述小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%。
所述的一种复合板材的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
第一步,将除面层外的竹木皮层进行高温脱糖脱脂处理;
第二步,将竹木皮面层背面粘上无纺布或玻纤网;
第三步,将上述第一步、第二步处理后的全部竹木皮层进行干燥平衡处理;
第三步,将干燥平衡处理后的竹木皮层,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第四步,将竹木皮面层、浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,依次反复分层平铺在压机上,通过压机的压力将各层竹木皮层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸紧密的压合在一起。
前述的一种复合板材的生产方法,所述高温脱糖脱脂处理时的蒸汽气压控制在2.5-5kg/cm3,处理时间在1-4小时。
前述的一种复合板材的生产方法,所述压合时压机的温度控制在100-300℃,压力控制在1500-5000T,加压时间3-6小时。
本发明由于采用上述技术方案,竹木皮面层下的第一层浸胶纸层采用大分子量的胶水,使胶水不完全渗透面层,便于表面进行后期的油漆处理;其余浸胶纸层采用小分子量的胶水,使胶水完全渗透到牛皮纸或玻纤网层、竹木皮层内部,可以实现复合板材防水的功能;在竹木皮面层的背后粘上无纺布或玻纤网,可以防止面层开裂,可以让生产出来的板材更加平整、更加稳定;在复合板材中加入玻纤网,防止浸胶纸中的胶水熔化后在高压力的作用下渗透到面层以上,增大了复合板材的强度;竹木皮层吸收阻燃剂后,可以实现复合板材阻燃的功能。
附图说明
图1本发明复合板材结构示意图;
图2本发明复合板材结构示意图;
图3本发明复合板材结构示意图;
图4本发明复合板材结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明:
实施例一:如图1所示本发明复合板材结构示意图,为一种厚0.6mm的橡木钢化木。第1层:厚0.45mm橡木面板,背面粘无纺布;第2层:厚0.05m大分 子量胶水浸胶纸;第3层:厚0.2mm牛皮纸;第4层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第5层,厚0.5mm杨木皮,第6层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸。
大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%;小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%;面层背面粘的无纺布或玻纤网,可以防止面层开裂,无纺布或玻纤网的目数视材种而定,厚0.45mm橡木面板的背面粘上40目无纺布。
按以下步骤进行生产加工:
第一步,高温脱糖脱脂处理:对厚0.5mm的杨木皮进行高温脱糖脱脂处理,蒸汽气压控制在3.1kg/cm3,处理时间在2.5小时;
第二步,在厚0.45mm橡木面板的背面粘上40目无纺布;
第三步,将厚0.5mm杨木皮和厚0.45mm橡木面板进行干燥平衡,含水率控制到8-9%;
第四步,将厚0.5mm杨木皮和厚0.45mm橡木面板,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第五步,将厚0.45mm橡木面板、厚0.5mm杨木皮、牛皮纸和浸胶纸按图1所示,分层平铺在压机上进行压合。压机的温度控制在2250℃,压机压力控制在20000T,加压时间6小时。
采用本实施例技术方案生产的复合板材,成品厚度0.6mm;吸水膨胀率:长向0.18%,横向0.6%,厚向1.25%;阻燃等级:V-2级;压缩比:2.33。
实施例二:如图2所示本发明复合板材结构示意图,为一种厚1.1mm的黑胡桃钢化木。第1层:厚0.5mm黑胡桃面板,背面粘无纺布;第2层:厚0.05m大分子量胶水浸胶纸;第3层:厚0.2mm牛皮纸;第4层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第5层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第6层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第7层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第8层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸。
大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%;小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%;0.5mm黑胡桃面板的背面粘上20目无纺布,可以防止面层开裂。
按以下步骤进行生产加工:
第一步,高温脱糖脱脂处理:对0.8mm的杨木皮进行高温脱糖脱脂处理,蒸汽气压控制在3.5kg/cm3,处理时间在3小时;
第二步,在0.5mm黑胡桃面板的背面粘上20目无纺布;
第三步,将0.8mm的杨木皮和0.5mm黑胡桃面板进行干燥平衡,含水率控制到6-7%;
第四步,将0.8mm的杨木皮和0.5mm黑胡桃面板,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第五步,将0.5mm黑胡桃面板、0.8mm的杨木皮、牛皮纸和浸胶纸按图2所示,分层平铺在压机上进行压合。压机的温度控制在190℃,压机压力控制在25000T,加压时间4小时。
采用本实施例技术方案生产的复合板材,成品厚度1.15mm;吸水膨胀率:长向0.13%,横向1.22%,厚向5.22%;阻燃等级:V-2级。
实施例三:如图3所示本发明复合板材结构示意图,为一种厚2.1mm的黑胡桃钢化木。第1层:厚0.5mm黑胡桃面板,背面粘无纺布;第2层:厚0.05m大分子量胶水浸胶纸;第3层:厚0.2mm牛皮纸;第4层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第5层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第6层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第7层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第8层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第9层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第10层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第11层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第12层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸。
大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%;小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%;厚0.5mm桦木面板的背面粘上20目无纺布,可以防止面层开裂。
按以下步骤进行生产加工:
第一步,高温脱糖脱脂处理:对厚0.8mm的杨木皮进行高温脱糖脱脂处理,蒸汽气压控制在3.0kg/cm3,处理时间在2小时;
第二步,在厚0.5mm桦木面板的背面粘上20目无纺布;
第三步,将厚0.8mm的杨木皮和厚0.5mm桦木面板进行干燥平衡,含水率控制到6-7%;
第四步,将厚0.8mm的杨木皮和厚0.5mm桦木面板,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第五步,将厚0.5mm桦木面板、厚0.8mm的杨木皮、牛皮纸和浸胶纸按图3所示,分层平铺在压机上进行压合。压机的温度控制在210℃,压机压力控制在25000T,加压时间6小时。
采用本实施例技术方案生产的复合板材,成品厚度2.1mm;吸水膨胀率:长向0.2%,横向1.53%,厚向3.53%;阻燃等级:V-2级。
实施例四:如图4所示本发明复合板材结构示意图,为一种厚3.1mm的橡木钢化木。第1层:厚0.5mm橡木面板,背面粘无纺布;第2层:厚0.05m大分子量胶水浸胶纸;第3层:厚0.2mm牛皮纸;第4层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第5层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第6层:厚0.1mm小分子量浸胶纸,第7层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第8层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第9层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第10层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第11层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第12层:0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第13层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第14层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸,第15层:厚0.8mm杨木皮,第16层:厚0.1mm小分子量胶水浸胶纸。
大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%;小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%;厚0.5mm橡木面板的背面粘上40目无纺布,可以防止面层开裂。
按以下步骤进行生产加工:
第一步,高温脱糖脱脂处理:对厚0.8mm的杨木皮进行高温脱糖脱脂处理,蒸汽气压控制在3.2kg/cm3,处理时间在2小时;
第二步,在厚0.5mm橡木面板的背面粘上40目无纺布;
第三步,将厚0.8mm的杨木皮和厚0.5mm橡木面板进行干燥平衡,含水率控制到8-9%;
第四步,将厚0.8mm的杨木皮和厚0.5mm橡木面板,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第五步,将厚0.5mm橡木面板、厚0.8mm的杨木皮、牛皮纸和浸胶纸按图4 所示,分层平铺在压机上进行压合。压机的温度控制在250℃,压机压力控制在25000T,加压时间8小时。
采用本实施例技术方案生产的复合板材,成品厚度3.15mm;吸水膨胀率:长向0.28%,横向1.09%,厚向4.2%;阻燃等级:V-2级。
除上述实施例外,本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种复合板材,包括竹木皮面层,之后依次反复为浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,各层之间通过高温高压压合连接,其特征在于:
竹木皮面层下的第一层浸胶纸层使用大分子量胶水,该大分子量胶水不完全渗透面层,便于表面进行后期的油漆处理,其余浸胶纸层使用小分子量胶水,该小分子量胶水完全渗透到牛皮纸或玻纤网层、竹木皮层内部,以实现复合板材防水;
所述的除面层外的竹木皮层经过高温脱糖脱脂;
所述的竹木皮面层背面粘有无纺布或玻纤网;
所述的全部竹木皮层经过干燥平衡、吸收阻燃剂的处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合板材,其特征在于所述的大分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺50%-55%、增塑剂35%-40%、甲醛3%-5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种复合板材,其特征在于所述小分子量胶水组分中包括三聚氰胺70%-82%、增塑剂5%-12%、甲醛3%-6%。
4.一种如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的复合板材的生产方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
第一步,将除面层外的竹木皮层进行高温脱糖脱脂处理;
第二步,将竹木皮面层背面粘上无纺布或玻纤网;
第三步,将上述第一步、第二步处理后的全部竹木皮层进行干燥平衡处理;
第四步,将干燥平衡处理后的竹木皮层,通过负压的方式,吸收阻燃剂;
第五步,将竹木皮面层、浸胶纸层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸层、竹木皮层,依次反复分层平铺在压机上,通过压机的压力将各层竹木皮层、牛皮纸或玻纤网层、浸胶纸紧密的压合在一起。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合板材的生产方法,其特征在于所述高温脱糖脱脂处理时的蒸汽气压控制在2.5-5kg/cm3,处理时间在1-4小时。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种复合板材的生产方法,其特征在于所述压合时压机的温度控制在100-300℃,压力控制在1500-5000T,加压时间3-6小时。
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