CN105440897A - 一种钢琴用阻燃黑色胶衣及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种钢琴用阻燃黑色胶衣及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105440897A
CN105440897A CN201510951439.7A CN201510951439A CN105440897A CN 105440897 A CN105440897 A CN 105440897A CN 201510951439 A CN201510951439 A CN 201510951439A CN 105440897 A CN105440897 A CN 105440897A
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gel coat
flame retardant
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郑耕清
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Shandong Yangxin Hualong Textile Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钢琴用阻燃黑色胶衣及其制备方法，该胶衣主要由阻燃型的环氧乙烯基树脂为树脂基体、色浆、触变剂、填料、促进剂、交联单体、流平剂等制备通过分步骤搅拌，滚压，抽真空等步骤制备而成。该彩色胶衣具有良好的阻燃性能，有良好的触变性能，粘度适中，后固化时间较短，适用于喷射工艺，不流挂，制品有良好的抗刮耐候等优良的性能。

Description

一种钢琴用阻燃黑色胶衣及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阻燃胶衣及制备方法，具体地说涉及一种钢琴面板用的黑色胶衣及制备方法。
背景技术
乙烯基树脂（VinylEsterResins）是国际公认的高度耐蚀树脂。标准型双酚A环氧乙烯基树脂是由甲基丙烯酸与双酚A环氧树脂通过反应合成的乙烯基树脂，已溶于苯乙烯溶液，该类型树脂具有以下特点：
1、在分子链两端的双键极其活泼，使乙烯基树脂能迅速固化，很快得到使用强度，得到具有高度耐腐蚀性聚合物；
2、采用甲基丙烯酸合成，酯键边的甲基可起保护作用，提高耐水解性；
3、树脂含酯键量少，每摩尔比耐化学聚酯（双酚A-富马酸UPR）少35-50%，使其耐碱性能提高；
4、较多的仲羟基可以改善对玻璃纤维的湿润性与粘结性，提高了层合制品的力学强度；
5、由于仅在分子两端交联。
阻燃乙烯基树脂一般采用溴化环氧树脂合成，由于树脂中含溴，因此阻燃乙烯基树脂在具有耐化学性的同时，又可以阻燃。
钢琴是昂贵的乐器，钢琴面板有多种材质，其中玻璃钢面板就有很大一类。钢琴外壳主要是装饰作用：中档钢琴现基本用复合材料或高强度纤维板生产外壳，除特殊材料或设计的，其生产成本相差不大，外壳油漆一般为不饱和聚酯漆，后期基本是手工打磨机械辅助抛光而成。胶衣位于外层，所以胶衣的品质与玻璃钢板的结合度觉得钢琴面板的档次。
胶衣英文名称gelcoat，它是不饱和聚酯（UP）中加入颜料和触变剂等分散而成的玻璃钢（FRP）及台面面漆用来开发的着色触变性产品。目前国内生产的胶衣树脂按基体树脂的类型可分为邻苯型、邻苯(新戊二醇型、间苯型、间苯)新戊二醇型和乙烯基酯型等；按照胶衣功能和用途又可分为制品胶衣、模具胶衣、阻燃胶衣、船用胶衣、高弹性胶衣、食品级胶衣等。胶衣树脂在品种和性能上的不断提升，使胶衣树脂的应用领域不断扩大。
国内市场上现有的阻燃胶衣树脂，大多数是采用由HET酸或四溴苯酐等含卤酸类合成的，反应型不饱和聚酯树脂为基体配制的，虽然它们有较满意的阻燃性，但是耐候性能都不十分理想，在阳光下短时间的暴晒后就明显变黄，很难达到生产白色或浅色玻璃钢制品的要求。因此研究开发耐候性优良、老化变黄度小的阻燃胶衣树脂品种，是树脂生产厂家和玻璃钢生产企业十分关注的课题。通过对许多含卤化合物的化学键能和反应活性的对比分析研究，结合试验探索，采用一种特殊化学结构的新型含溴化合物与二元醇、饱和二元酸(酐)，以及不饱和二元酸(酐)的缩聚反应，合成一种具有老化变黄度小、阻燃性良好的不饱和聚酯树脂，并以这种树脂为基体树脂，配合独特的协合添加剂和助剂，是当前树脂方面的重要课题。
发明内容
本发明是通过阻燃乙烯基树脂、色浆、触变剂、促进剂、交联单体通过如下步骤：
①先将色浆和触变剂进行三辊研磨机进行研磨，30分钟；
②再将研磨后的①与阻燃型树脂、促进剂进行高速搅拌，搅拌30分钟；
③缓慢将交联单体加入②中，搅拌45分钟即的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣。
发明中选用放热峰为190℃以上，粘度为400mpa.s以下，热变形温度105℃以上、氧指数大于28的阻燃型乙烯基树脂作为胶衣的基体，是因为高放热峰代表树脂放映活性较大，固化后能够形成力学优良的热固性材料；低粘度能够防止加完触变剂之后的树脂粘度太大，不利于施工，并且可以添加更多的触变剂从而提高触变指数，流平性好，防止流挂；热变形温度高，有助于交易层的热稳定性，防止变形；氧指数高能够使得胶衣具有更好的助燃性能。由于该类乙烯基树脂颜色为深褐色，不适合制备其他颜色的胶衣，所以制作钢琴黑色胶衣正好。
发明中选用间苯新戊二醇的色浆基体制得的色浆，具有良好的耐候性，并且能够与乙烯基树脂很好的相容。
发明中选用气相二氧化硅和纳米蒙脱土的混合物作为触变剂，能够制备高触变低粘度，低收缩的胶衣。
发明中选用异辛酸钴作为促进剂，而非市场上常用的8%有效成分的异辛酸钴溶液，是因为本发明通过多道研磨和分散步骤，能够将促进剂很好的分散在固液体系中，这样可以减少促进剂的用量，从而降低成本。
发明中选用丙烯酸，而不选用苯乙烯做交联单体，是根据相似相溶原理，能够更好的分散在环氧乙烯基树脂中，加入单体可以起到稀释作用，调节胶衣的粘度，从而适应下游工艺的要求。
附图说明
图1本发明制备的黑色胶衣
图2本发明胶衣应用的钢琴制品。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详述本申请，但本申请并不局限于这些实施例。
实施案例1样品1#~样品3#的制备
制备步骤：①先将色浆和触变剂进行三辊研磨机进行研磨，30分钟；
②再将研磨后的①与阻燃型树脂、促进剂进行高速搅拌，搅拌30分钟；
③缓慢将交联单体加入②中，搅拌45分钟即的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣。
以上所述，仅是本申请的几个实施例，并非对本申请做任何形式的限制，虽然本申请以较佳实施例揭示如上，然而并非用以限制本申请，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本申请技术方案的范围内，利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许的变动或修饰均等同于等效实施案例，均属于技术方案范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征在于由以下几种组分分不同步骤制成：
阻燃乙烯基树脂100份，色浆3~20份，触变剂1.5~3份，促进剂0.05~~1份，交联单体3~15份。
2.根据权利要求书1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征是在于：所述的阻燃乙烯基树脂为反应型与添加型的阻燃型乙烯基树脂，放热峰高于190℃，粘度低于400mpa.s，热变形温度高于105℃。
3.根据权利要求书1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征是在于：所述的色浆为间苯二甲酸和新戊二醇反应的饱和树脂与黑色色粉研磨后的色浆。
4.根据权利要求书1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征是在于：所述触变剂为气相二氧化硅和蒙脱土5:1混合物。
5.根据权利要求书1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征是在于：所述促进剂为异辛酸钴原钴。
6.根据权利要求书1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其特征是在于：所述交联单体为丙烯酸。
7.权利要求1所述的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣，其制备方法特征在于具有如下步骤：
①先将色浆和触变剂进行三辊研磨机进行研磨，30分钟；
②再将研磨后的①与阻燃型树脂、促进剂进行高速搅拌，搅拌30分钟；
③缓慢将交联单体加入②中，搅拌45分钟即的钢琴用阻燃型黑色胶衣。
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