CN105437538B - 折边部加工体及折边部加工方法 - Google Patents

折边部加工体及折边部加工方法 Download PDF

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CN105437538B
CN105437538B CN201510601792.2A CN201510601792A CN105437538B CN 105437538 B CN105437538 B CN 105437538B CN 201510601792 A CN201510601792 A CN 201510601792A CN 105437538 B CN105437538 B CN 105437538B
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component
flap
processome
warpage
flex portion
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CN105437538A (zh
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稻见显子
中村计二
坂井健辅
坂本登
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Subaru Corp
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Abstract

本发明涉及折边部加工体及折边部加工方法。提供一种在使用金属板和合成树脂板形成折边部的情况下,使用于固定板材的位置的保持力变高的折边部加工体。折边部加工体具有:第一部件,其具有形成于含有热塑性树脂的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的内侧折曲部;第二部件,其具有形成于含有金属材料的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的外侧折曲部,该外侧折曲部配置为包覆内侧折曲部,端部配置在内侧折曲部的内侧,在内侧折曲部的内面形成脆弱部。

Description

折边部加工体及折边部加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种折边部加工体及折边部加工方法。
背景技术
目前,作为抑制例如车辆的面板部件外观的美观度降低且将缘部的紧固力维持在高的状态的发明,已知具有第一凸缘部、第二凸缘部、第一部位、第二部位等且将各部位的厚度及距离设定在特定的范围而成的面板部件及其制造方法(参照专利文献1的权利要求1、[0050]~[0060]、及图6)。在专利文献1所示的发明中,将钢板等金属板重合,进而通过卷曲或折曲等,将缘部作为折边部进行加工。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2011-245514号公报
发明所要解决的课题
近年来,为实现车辆的轻量化,探讨了使用合成树脂制板状部件代替现有的金属板。
但是,因为金属和树脂的物理性质具有很大不同,所以通过现有的折边部加工体及加工方法可能不能得到牢固保持的折边部。因此,关于折边部,寻求新的加工体及加工方法等。
发明内容
因此,本发明所要解决的课题在于,提供一种在使用金属板和合成树脂板形成折边部的情况下,使用于固定板材位置的保持力变高的折边部加工体及折边部加工方法。
用于解决课题的技术方案
作为用于解决前述课题的技术方案,本发明提供一种折边部加工体,其具有:第一部件,其具有形成于含有热塑性树脂的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的内侧折曲部;第二部件,其具有形成于含有金属材料的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的外侧折曲部,该外侧折曲部配置为包覆内侧折曲部,端部配置在内侧折曲部的内侧,在内侧折曲部的内表面形成脆弱部。
在本发明的折边部加工体中,优选的是,在内侧折曲部的内侧的脆弱部附近,第二部件具有折回而形成的折弯部。
进而,在本发明的折边部加工体中,优选的是,脆弱部为具有加热痕及加压痕的凹部。
在本发明的折边部加工体中,优选的是,热塑性树脂是纤维增强塑料。
作为用于解决上述课题的技术方案,本发明提供一种折边部加工方法,用于制造折边部加工体,折边部加工方法具备:将含有热塑性树脂的板状的第一部件和含有金属材料的板状的第二部件以使各自的端部错位而重合的设置工序;以包覆第一部件的端部的方式折曲第二部件的端部的第一折曲工序;通过对第二部件的端部附近进行加压加热,在第一部件上形成脆弱部的加压加热工序;以脆弱部作为折曲部位折曲第一部件及第二部件使得第一部件成为内侧的第二折曲工序。
发明效果
根据本发明,通过由第一部件夹持第二部件的端部,由第二部件夹持从第一部件的内侧折曲部到端部,使第一部件及第二部件成为相互卷入的状态。由此,可以提供在使用金属板和合成树脂板形成折边部的情况下使用于固定板材的位置的保持力变高的折边部加工体及用于制造该折边部加工体的折边部加工方法。
附图说明
图1是表示使用本发明的折边部加工体的车辆用车门的一部分的概略图。
图2是表示折边部加工体的一实施方式的概略图。图2(A)是表示第二部件具有折弯部的折边部加工体的概略图,图2(B)是表示第二部件不具有折弯部的折边部加工体的概略图。
图3是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的一实施方式的概略图。图3(A)是表示设置工序的一例的概略图,图3(B)是表示第一折曲工序的一例的概略图。
图4是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的一实施方式的概略图。图4(A)是表示加压加热工序的一例的概略图,图4(B)及图4(C)是表示第二折曲工序的一例的概略图。
图5是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的其它实施方式的概略图。
符号说明
1及11:折边部加工体,2:第一部件,21:端部,22:内侧折曲部,23:脆弱部,3及300:第二部件,31及301:外侧折曲部,32及302:端部,33及303:折弯部,34及304:折曲部,101:车辆用车门,102:侧梁,103:车门玻璃,104:内装部件,105:折边部,P:按压部件
具体实施方式
参照附图说明本发明的折边部加工体及折边部加工方法的一实施方式。
(1)车辆的本发明适用部位
本发明的折边部加工体能够适用于例如车辆中车门的缘部。作为可应用本发明的折边部加工体的一实施方式的部位的一例,在图1中以概略图表示车辆车门的一部分。
如图1所示,车辆用车门101为经由铰链等相对于从在车辆前后方向延伸的表层部件的侧梁102向上方延伸而成的中心支柱(未图示)安装而成的部件。车辆用车门101设有内装部件104等,内装部件104搭载有可开闭的车门玻璃103及车辆用车门101开闭用的操作杆、车门玻璃103的开闭按钮等。车辆用车门101的缘部是将作为车室侧的表层部件的内面板和作为车外侧的表层部件的外面板接合而作为折边部105形成的部位。
近年来,为了车辆的轻量化,探讨内面板使用合成树脂制的板状部件。但是,因为目前将铁系材料的钢板或铝系材料的板状部件用于内面板及外面板,所以需要创新合成树脂板的加工方法、与金属板组合时的加工方式等。
因此,本实施方式的折边部加工体能够适用于例如形成于车辆用车门101的缘部的折边部。
(2)折边部加工体
在此,图2表示本发明的折边部加工体的一实施方式。
图2是表示折边部加工体1的概略图。图2(A)是表示第二部件具有折弯部的折边部加工体的概略图,图2(B)是表示第二部件无折弯部的折边部加工体的概略图。
图2(A)所示的折边部加工体1具备第一部件2和第二部件3。
第一部件2是含有热塑性树脂的板状部件,具有形成于将该板状部件的端部21折弯所形成的部位的内侧折曲部22。即,内侧折曲部22形成于通过折曲第一部件2而产生的折痕部分及其周边部分。第一部材2卷入后述的第二部件3的一部分,同时,第一部件2的端部21在适当的部位折回约180°。
此外,在将本实施方式适用于图1所示的车辆用车门101的情况下,第一部件2可以用作内面板。
另外,第一部件2在内侧折曲部22的内面具有脆弱部23。脆弱部23为凹部,由加热痕及加压痕形成。脆弱部23是截面形状为楔形的槽,以第二部件3的一部分陷入其内侧的方式夹持。
该脆弱部23为制造折边部加工体1时形成的部位。对于脆弱部23的形成过程等,在后述的折边部加工体1的制造方法的说明中详细叙述。
第二部件3为含有金属材料的板状部件,具有形成于将该板状部件的端部32折曲所形成的部位的外侧折曲部31。外侧折曲部31配置为包覆内侧折曲部22,第二部件3的端部32配置在内侧折曲部22的内侧。外侧折曲部31形成于通过折曲第二部件3而产生的折痕部分及其周边部分。另外,在内侧折曲部22的内侧的脆弱部23附近,第二部件3在外侧折曲部31到端部32之间具有折弯部33。
此外,在将本实施方式适用于图1所示的车辆用车门101的情况下,第二部件3可以用作外面板。
如图2(A)所示,第二部件3从第二部件3的端部32到脆弱部23附近在折弯部33折回,折回形成折曲部34使得包覆第一部件2的端部21,进而折回形成外侧折曲部31使得包覆第一部件2的内侧折曲部22。
此外,第一部件2及第二部件3的厚度及部件间的间隔只要能够实现本发明的目的,就不限于图2中概略性表示的厚度及间隔,例如只要在应用本发明的车辆等的部位中设定为通常采用的厚度及间隔即可。
图2(A)所示的内侧折曲部22、外侧折曲部31、折弯部33、及折曲部34优选通过在形成折边部的最终阶段牢固地冲压成型而相互密合。由此,例如在作为车辆用车门而应用的情况下,即使受到车辆的行驶、车门的开闭等所产生的振动及冲击等也不容易解除折曲状态。
此外,如果折弯部33形成于脆弱部23的附近,则有无接触不受限制。折弯部33优选为相对于脆弱部23接触,进而被夹在脆弱部23的内侧的方式。由此,折弯部33成为相对于第一部件2牢固地保持的状态。
在本实施方式中,脆弱部23及折弯部33的截面形状形成为楔形,但也可以是由曲面形成的凹部。如本实施方式,形成截面形状为楔形的脆弱部23及折弯部33,通过使用具有尖端的按压部件实现。将脆弱部23及折弯部33形成作为曲面状的凹部,通过使用前端部分由曲面形成的按压部件实现。
此外,在本实施方式中,通过使用适宜的按压部件在第一部件2上形成凹状的脆弱部23,无论按压部件的前端形状如何,都在第二部件3的端部32附近形成与脆弱部23成相同形状的凹状折弯部33。
参照图3及图4,后述脆弱部23及折弯部33的具体形成方法。
目前,在车辆等中用于折边部的部件大多仅为含有金属材料的部件。在将含有金属材料的部件彼此进行加工作为折边部的情况下,使用点焊产生的焊接、粘接剂产生的粘结、铆钉产生的机械接合等来固定多个板状部件。根据该现有的固定方法,用于板状部件彼此固定相互位置的保持力提高。
但是,近年来,车辆轻量化的要求正在提高。鉴于此要求,研究了车辆的外装体或内装体的一部分采用比金属材料轻的树脂材料。作为所使用的树脂材料,考虑到车辆制造时的加工性,认为优选热塑性树脂。
此外,例如在形成折边部的外面板及内面板中的一个使用热塑性树脂,另一个使用金属材料的情况下,因为热塑性树脂和金属材料的物理性质具有很大不同,所以作为两部件的固定方法,很难直接应用现有的焊接、粘接及机械接合等。
不用焊接等现有的固定方法,通过形成内侧折曲部22、外侧折曲部31、折弯部33、及折曲部34等,图2(A)所示的折边部加工体1被夹持为第一部件2的端部21被包覆于第二部件3的折曲部34的内侧,且被夹持为第二部件3的端部32被包覆于第一部件2的内侧折曲部22,进而被夹持为第二部件3的折弯部33进入第一部件2的脆弱部23。由此,因为第一部件2及第二部件3为互为卷入的状态,所以用于固定树脂制的第一部件2和金属制的第二部件3相互位置的保持力是良好的。
其次,图2(B)表示图2(A)所示的实施方式的变形例。
图2(B)所示的折边部加工体11与上述折边部加工体1的区别在于,第二部件的长度及折弯部的有无。
此外,对于第一部件2由于使用了相同的部件,所以省略了第一部件2的详细说明。
图2(B)所示的第二部件300形成为比上述第二部件3短。即,如图2(B)所示,从以将第一部件2的端部21包覆于内侧的方式被折曲的第二部件300的折曲部304到端部302的延伸距离比第二部件3短。第二部件300的端部302延伸到脆弱部23附近,而不折回。因此,在第二部件300上不形成上述折弯部33那样的折回部位。
折边部加工体11不具有被夹入脆弱部23的如上述折弯部33的部位。即使在该情况下,也夹持为使得第一部件2的端部21被包覆于第二部件300的折曲部304的内侧,且夹持为使得第二部件300的端部302被包覆于第一部件2的内侧折曲部22。这样,因为第一部件2及第二部件300为相互卷入的状态,所以用于固定第一部件2与第二部件300的相互位置的保持力是良好的。
(3)各部件的材料
可以使用热塑性树脂作为折边部加工体1中的第一部件2的材料,例如可举出甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚缩醛、聚碳酸酯、改性聚苯醚、聚酰亚胺及聚醚醚酮等。另外,优选纤维增强塑料等含有纤维状物并强化的树脂,更优选使用碳纤维增强塑料。
另外,作为第二部件3的材料,没有特别限制,只要为目前用于各种车辆的外装体的材料即可,例如可举出铁、铁系复合材料、铝、及铝系复合材料等。
(4)折边部加工方法
接着,参照图3及图4对于制造图2(A)所示的折边部加工体1的折边部加工方法进行说明。
本发明的折边部加工方法具备设置工序、第一折曲工序、加压加热工序、第二折曲工序。参照各图说明各工序。
此外,图3是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的一实施方式的概略图。图3(A)是表示设置工序的一例的概略图,图3(B)是表示第一折曲工序的一例的概略图。另外,图4是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的一实施方式的概略图。图4(A)是表示加压加热工序的一例的概略图,图4(B)及图4(C)是表示第二折曲工序的一例的概略图。
首先,图3(A)表示设置工序。具体而言,在图3(A)所示的设置工序中,将含有热塑性树脂的板状的第一部件2和含有金属材料的板状的第二部材3以端部21和端部32错位的方式重合。此时,因为基本上大多将折曲用辊及后述的按压部件P等的位置固定,所以通过第一部件2和第二部件3的错位的大小来决定是否形成折弯部33。
其次,图3(B)表示第一折曲工序。具体而言,在图3(B)所示的第一折曲工序中,将第二部件3的端部32折曲而形成折曲部34,在该折曲部34的内侧包覆第一部件2的端部21。在第一折曲工序中,可以使用辊加工装置等适当的弯曲加工用装置来进行。
作为折曲部34的位置,既可以在折曲部34的内面在与第一部件2的端部21接触的位置折曲第二部件3,也可以在非接触的位置折曲。
图4(A)表示加压加热工序。具体而言,在图4(A)所示的加压加热工序中,通过按压部件P在第二部件3的端部32附近对第二部件3和第一部件2进行加压和加热。
按压部件P为沿折边部的延伸方向延伸的板状部件,且为抵接于形成内侧折曲部22及外侧折曲部31的折曲部位的部件。按压部件P具有对于第一部件2或第二部件3等的抵接部分变尖的形状的尖端。按压部件P的至少尖端部分可升温。按压部件P的升温的温度优选为使作为第一部件2材料的热塑性树脂软化的温度,只要根据第一部件2的材料进行使按压部件P升温的加热装置(未图示)的输出设定等即可。
按压部件P的尖端在加热的状态下压接于第二部件3和第一部件2。由此,第一部件2由于其材料特性而软化、变形,第二部件3因按压产生的应力而变形,因此,按压部件P的尖端被埋没于第二部件3及第一部件2。因此,如图4(A)所示,在第一部件2上形成沿着按压部件P的尖端形状的脆弱部23,同时,在第二部件3上形成沿着按压部件P的尖端形状的折弯部33。
此外,在通过按压部件P进行加压加热时,优选第一部件2的形成脆弱部23的部位的厚度确保在某种程度。在通过按压部件P进行加压加热而形成脆弱部23的时刻,如果第一部件2具有某程度的厚度,则如图4(B)及图4(C)所示,由于在折曲第一部件2时厚度不会变得过小,所以是优选的。此外,对于脆弱部23附近的第一部件2的厚度,根据应用本实施方式的部位所要求的强度决定适宜的范围。
接着所示的图4(B)表示第二折曲工序的一部分。具体而言,在图4(B)所示的第二折曲工序中,折曲第一部件2及第二部件3,以使第一部件2变为内侧。如图4(B)所示,通过折曲第一部件2及第二部件3,开始形成内侧折曲部22及外侧折曲部31。
此外,在第二折曲工序中,可以使用辊加工装置等适当的弯曲加工用装置而进行。另外,在第二折曲工序中也可使用在第一折曲工序中使用的弯曲加工用装置。
此外,在如图4(B)所示的折曲初期阶段,按压部件P优选在维持加压状态及加热状态的同时开始折曲。由此,以图4(A)中形成的脆弱部23及折弯部33为起点,第一部件2及第二部件3易于折曲。
此时,第二部件3的折弯部33卷入第一部件2的脆弱部23的内侧且同时开始夹紧。
通过按压部件P形成的脆弱部23及折弯部33只是为易成为折曲的起点而形成的部位,不是在折边部加工体1的形成中途及使用中容易断裂的部位。
图4(C)表示第二折曲工序的一部分。具体而言,图4(C)表示第二折曲工序完成以形成折边部加工体1的状态。从确保第一部件2及第二部件3的保持力的观点出发,第二折曲工序优选在使第一部件2及第二部件3折回约180°的时刻完成。通过第二折曲工序的完成,从第二部件3的折曲部34经由折弯部33到端部32由第一部件2夹持。
通过以上的图3及图4所示的工序,不用现有的焊接等的固定方法,就能够形成用于第一部件2和第二部件3固定相互位置的保持力良好的折边部加工体1。
图3及图4表示形成具有折弯部33的折边部加工体1的工序。
要形成图2(B)所示的折边部加工体11,不需要形成上述折弯部33。图5表示不形成折弯部33的第二折曲工序的一部分。
图5是表示本发明的折边部加工方法的其他的实施方式的概略图。
在不形成折弯部33的情况下,如图5所示,在第二部件300的端部302附近通过按压部件P仅对第一部件2进行加压加热。此外,因为从折曲部304到端部302的延伸距离比上述的第二部件3小,所以不被按压部件P按压。由此,在第一部件2上形成沿着按压部件P尖端形状的形状的脆弱部23,同时,第二部件300不因按压部件P而变形。
假如在作为第二部件3的材料使用具有例如使折弯部33的形成等加工变困难的程度的硬度的材料、或易产生金属疲劳的材料的情况下,优选采用不形成折弯部33的方式。
另外,如果形成折弯部33,则在内侧折曲部22的内侧夹持两个第二部件3部分。例如在作为形成折边部的部位不具有厚度的情况下,优选采用不形成折弯部33的方式。
即使在不形成折弯部33的情况下,只要各折曲部位通过冲压成形而充分折曲成使第一部件2及第二部件300密合的程度,则因为实现第一部件2及第二部件300相互卷入的状态,因此用于树脂制的第一部件2和金属制的第二部件300固定相互位置的保持力是良好的。
以上,对应用由本发明者开发的发明的实施方式进行了说明,但本发明不受该实施方式的形成本发明的公开的一部分的论述及附图限制。即,本领域技术人员等根据此实施方式所取得的其它实施方式、实施例及应用技术等当然均包含在本发明的范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种折边部加工体,包括:
第一部件,其具有形成于含有热塑性树脂的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的内侧折曲部;
第二部件,其具有形成于含有金属材料的板状部件中的将端部折曲所得到的部位的外侧折曲部,该外侧折曲部配置为包覆内侧折曲部,端部配置在内侧折曲部的内侧,
其中在内侧折曲部的内表面形成有脆弱部,
在内侧折曲部的内侧的脆弱部附近,第二部件具有折回而形成的折弯部,
所述第二部件形成为从所述第二部件的端部到所述脆弱部附近在所述折弯部被折回,进一步在第一折曲部被折回以包覆所述第一部件的端部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的折边部加工体,其中,
所述折弯部具有被夹入所述脆弱部的部位。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的折边部加工体,其中,
脆弱部为具有加热痕及加压痕的凹部。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的折边部加工体,其中,
热塑性树脂是纤维增强塑料。
5.一种折边部加工方法,用于制造折边部加工体,所述折边部加工方法包括:
将含有热塑性树脂的板状的第一部件和含有金属材料的板状的第二部件以使各自的端部错位而重合的设置工序;
以包覆第一部件的端部的方式折曲第二部件的端部的第一折曲工序;
通过对第二部件的端部附近进行加压加热而在第一部件上形成脆弱部的加压加热工序;
以脆弱部作为折曲部位折曲第一部件及第二部件使得第一部件成为内侧的第二折曲工序。
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