CN105432379A - Integrated weed control technique for alfalfa field - Google Patents
Integrated weed control technique for alfalfa field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432379A CN105432379A CN201410496947.6A CN201410496947A CN105432379A CN 105432379 A CN105432379 A CN 105432379A CN 201410496947 A CN201410496947 A CN 201410496947A CN 105432379 A CN105432379 A CN 105432379A
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Abstract
The invention provides an integrated weed control technique for an alfalfa field, belonging to the field of agriculture, and specifically relates to a weed control technique for the alfalfa field. The integrated weed control technique for the alfalfa field provided by the invention controls weeds through cooperation of a variety of manners, realizes thorough weed control, and does not generate secondary growth. The integrated weed control technique for the alfalfa field is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1, selection of sowing time, wherein sowing of alfalfa in summer has good soil temperature and moisture conditions, while a great amount of weed seeds germinate to unearth, so alfalfa seedlings are prone to depression and fail in establishment; 2, measures of crop rotation, wherein a crop rotation manner is an effective measure for control of the weeds, specifically some of the weeds difficult to control, and a method of crop rotation can be selected if other methods do not work; 3, burning, wherein through stubble-burning and grass-burning methods, a control rate of annual weeds reaches 78.49%, and the control rate of winter-annual weeds reaches 100%; and 4, chemical methods, wherein a chemical method for weed control has the advantages of labor and time conversation, high efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, especially relate to a kind of weeds placement technique of clover field.
Background technology
Clover is annual or herbaceos perennial; Pinniform 3 leaflet, leaflet is little, and have little tooth, vein stretches into increment; Stipule and petiole symphysis; Spend little, the short racemes that composition armpit is raw or capitulum; Calyx tooth is closely equal; Corolla is yellow or purple, vexil obovate or Long Circle, and base portion is gradually narrow, nearly stockless, and keel are blunt, shorter than ala; Stamen 10, disome (9+1); Ovary has ovule most, and style is short, flat or taper; Pod circumvolution, normal is conchoidal or curved falciform, does not ftracture, and level and smooth or spinosity, has seed 1 to several.Can be used as food, it scalded in the hot water, cold and dressed with sauce, taste is splendid.Therefore, the kind of clover is implanted with very large economic benefit, and in Heilongjiangdistrict, main harm period of clover field weed is spring and summer, 5 namely annual-August.Sowing then, the repeating transmission phase of weeds, seedling of alfalfa phase poor growth, competitive ability was more weak compared with weeds, and be easy to the invasion harm being subject to weeds, the lighter reduces hay yield and quality, and severe one even causes planting failure and ruins kind in the seedling of alfalfa phase.The planting alfalfa ground of more than 1 year, the obvious reduction of weeds occurrence degree planting more then, but weeds still threaten the growth of clover, and particularly after the end of spring and the beginning of summer first planting clover results, moisture and temperature are all conducive to the growth of weeds, are easy to form crop smothering.The harm thinking little of weeds obviously declines causing the quality of alfalfa hay.External import clover price is far away higher than the clover of domestic production, and its main cause is exactly that domestic alfalfa hay weeds content is high, crude protein content is low.Set up clover field weed Synthetical control system, utilize various effectively preventing approach, comprise the many kinds of measures such as physics, chemistry, biology, cultivation management technology and resistive breeding, reasonable balance uses, and makes the hazards identification of weeds and economic loss drop to minimum.
Also there are some problems in existing weeds processing method, such as processing mode is single, easily occurs that cleaning is thorough and process the problems such as rear diauxic growth.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly for the problems referred to above, provides one to coordinate in several ways and carries out process weeds, makes weeds process thoroughly and can not a kind of clover field weed integrated control technique of diauxic growth.
Clover field weed integrated control technique, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps.
One, select sowing time, the sowing of Heilongjiangdistrict clover is main in spring and summer, and spring, sowing was on the occasion of the peak period of weed germination growth, and along with the rising of temperature and moisture, weed growth speed, faster than clover, is easy to work the mischief to emerging of clover.Summer sowing clover soil temperature, moisture condition are better, and summer, weed seed was sprouted unearthed in a large number, seedling of alfalfa be very easily subject to weeds strongly fragrant we cause planting failure.Therefore, during summer sowing preferably in advance two weeks wholely, water, induction suppressing weed seed germination is unearthed, and then uses weed killer herbicide or adopt the method for weeding by machine to go out to cut weeds, and sows afterwards again.
Two, crop rotation measure, takes crop rotation method to be the effective measures of management of weeds, particularly cuts weeds to some difficulties, can select the method for crop rotation when additive method difficulty is proved effective.The Tanaka of long-term planting clover, due to the result of chemical herbicide and ecological choice, the quantity of broadleaf weed increases gradually, clover Tanaka, broadleaf weed prevent and kill off comparatively monocotyledon weed want difficulty, if with monocot crops crop rotation, the broadleaf weed in wheatland is relatively easily prevented and kill off, so just greatly reduce the quantity of broadleaf weed in soil seed bank, soil seed pool, thus alleviate the harm of broadleaf weed to clover.Heilongjiangdistrict sowing clover preferably select with the intertillage crop such as soybean, corn be before the soil of stubble.The tillage control measure repeatedly putting on soil owing to planting such crop field can eliminate most weeds, and clover is sowed on the basis of this kind of front stubble, and its weeds in field stubble field weed before other that compares wants much less.Take into full account the front stubble in planting clover field, before utilizing, the cultivation management of stubble restricts management of weeds, is one of important measures of preventing and kill off seedling of alfalfa phase weeds.
Three, burn the grass on waste land, prepare the plot of sowing clover, if front stubble is deteriorate grassland, extensive management, weeds are more, in the higher or withered strain of weeds of stubble with or have the weed seed contaminated soil landed, particularly old-field is often due to weedy, residual a large amount of weed seeds, can prevent and kill off the annual and perennial weed of major part by burning the grass on waste land.Facts have proved, employing burning stubble, the prevent and kill off rate of method to annual weed of burning the grass on waste land reach 78.49%, are 100% to the rate of preventing and kill off of winter annual weeds.Burning the grass on waste land is a cost-effective weeding measure, together burns, can burn a large amount of weed seeds and sick polypide to death when burning the grass on waste land together with limit, field and with the plot that field is adjoined mutually.Weed eradication of burning the grass on waste land should select suitable period, in central and west regions, Heilungkiang should when dry, the weeds of early and middle ten days soil surface drying in April start to sprout effect better.Burn stubble spring to burn the grass on waste land and can make the explosion of ground grass-seed, the weeds bud of turning green can be burnt.
Four, chemical method, chemical method management of weeds saving of work and time, efficiency is high, and cost is low.Due to the large-area applications of chemical weed control method, decrease the farming number of times in farmland, alleviate hand labor intensity.Therefore to a certain extent, chemical weed control level is a modern mark of National agricultural.But herbicide spraying, as long as crop smothering to be reduced to the object that just should reach under economic injury level and administer crop smothering, not to overemphasize and is all removed by the weeds in ground.
As a kind of preferred version, clover broadcasts front soil treatment.In soil surface herbicide spraying before sowing behind whole ground, and then sow clover.Spray trefanocide after watering as whole, shallow earthing after dispenser, can sow clover after 2 weeks, this to annual gramineous weed and most of annual broadleaf weed effective.Unfortunately this technical requirement dispenser and sowing have certain time interval, otherwise are easy to cause poisoning, and require the certain humidity of soil conservation, competence exertion drug effect simultaneously.
As another preferred version, clover broadcasts rear seedling pre-treatment.After clover sowing, time of about 1 week just can emerge, and sprays medicament during this period of time before utilizing clover to emerge.Keep ground moistening, the soil before clover after planting emerges sprays glyphosate, this kind of medicament of paraquat, can kill indiscriminate for aerial plant, and to the sprouting of alfalfa seed with come up, grow without poisoning effect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention.
Use the present invention to make weeds process more thorough by the weeds processing mode of different modes, because method of the present invention just processes from plantation, make weeds rare, increase the growth rate of clover and the nutrition of clover.And after carrying out weeds removing by method of the present invention, also there is very large benefit to the crop in next season.
Embodiment
Clover field weed integrated control technique, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps.
One, select sowing time, the sowing of Heilongjiangdistrict clover is main in spring and summer, and spring, sowing was on the occasion of the peak period of weed germination growth, and along with the rising of temperature and moisture, weed growth speed, faster than clover, is easy to work the mischief to emerging of clover.Summer sowing clover soil temperature, moisture condition are better, and summer, weed seed was sprouted unearthed in a large number, seedling of alfalfa be very easily subject to weeds strongly fragrant we cause planting failure.Therefore, during summer sowing preferably in advance two weeks wholely, water, induction suppressing weed seed germination is unearthed, and then uses weed killer herbicide or adopt the method for weeding by machine to go out to cut weeds, and sows afterwards again.
Two, crop rotation measure, takes crop rotation method to be the effective measures of management of weeds, particularly cuts weeds to some difficulties, can select the method for crop rotation when additive method difficulty is proved effective.The Tanaka of long-term planting clover, due to the result of chemical herbicide and ecological choice, the quantity of broadleaf weed increases gradually, clover Tanaka, broadleaf weed prevent and kill off comparatively monocotyledon weed want difficulty, if with monocot crops crop rotation, the broadleaf weed in wheatland is relatively easily prevented and kill off, so just greatly reduce the quantity of broadleaf weed in soil seed bank, soil seed pool, thus alleviate the harm of broadleaf weed to clover.Heilongjiangdistrict sowing clover preferably select with the intertillage crop such as soybean, corn be before the soil of stubble.The tillage control measure repeatedly putting on soil owing to planting such crop field can eliminate most weeds, and clover is sowed on the basis of this kind of front stubble, and its weeds in field stubble field weed before other that compares wants much less.Take into full account the front stubble in planting clover field, before utilizing, the cultivation management of stubble restricts management of weeds, is one of important measures of preventing and kill off seedling of alfalfa phase weeds.
Three, burn the grass on waste land, prepare the plot of sowing clover, if front stubble is deteriorate grassland, extensive management, weeds are more, in the higher or withered strain of weeds of stubble with or have the weed seed contaminated soil landed, particularly old-field is often due to weedy, residual a large amount of weed seeds, can prevent and kill off the annual and perennial weed of major part by burning the grass on waste land.Facts have proved, employing burning stubble, the prevent and kill off rate of method to annual weed of burning the grass on waste land reach 78.49%, are 100% to the rate of preventing and kill off of winter annual weeds.Burning the grass on waste land is a cost-effective weeding measure, together burns, can burn a large amount of weed seeds and sick polypide to death when burning the grass on waste land together with limit, field and with the plot that field is adjoined mutually.Weed eradication of burning the grass on waste land should select suitable period, in central and west regions, Heilungkiang should when dry, the weeds of early and middle ten days soil surface drying in April start to sprout effect better.Burn stubble spring to burn the grass on waste land and can make the explosion of ground grass-seed, the weeds bud of turning green can be burnt.
Four, chemical method, chemical method management of weeds saving of work and time, efficiency is high, and cost is low.Due to the large-area applications of chemical weed control method, decrease the farming number of times in farmland, alleviate hand labor intensity.Therefore to a certain extent, chemical weed control level is a modern mark of National agricultural.But herbicide spraying, as long as crop smothering to be reduced to the object that just should reach under economic injury level and administer crop smothering, not to overemphasize and is all removed by the weeds in ground.
As a kind of preferred version, clover broadcasts front soil treatment.In soil surface herbicide spraying before sowing behind whole ground, and then sow clover.Spray trefanocide after watering as whole, shallow earthing after dispenser, can sow clover after 2 weeks, this to annual gramineous weed and most of annual broadleaf weed effective.Unfortunately this technical requirement dispenser and sowing have certain time interval, otherwise are easy to cause poisoning, and require the certain humidity of soil conservation, competence exertion drug effect simultaneously.
As another preferred version, clover broadcasts rear seedling pre-treatment.After clover sowing, time of about 1 week just can emerge, and sprays medicament during this period of time before utilizing clover to emerge.Keep ground moistening, the soil before clover after planting emerges sprays glyphosate, this kind of medicament of paraquat, can kill indiscriminate for aerial plant, and to the sprouting of alfalfa seed with come up, grow without poisoning effect.
Claims (3)
1. clover field weed integrated control technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps;
One, select sowing time, the sowing of Heilongjiangdistrict clover is main in spring and summer, and spring, sowing was on the occasion of the peak period of weed germination growth, and along with the rising of temperature and moisture, weed growth speed, faster than clover, is easy to work the mischief to emerging of clover; Summer sowing clover soil temperature, moisture condition are better, and summer, weed seed was sprouted unearthed in a large number, seedling of alfalfa be very easily subject to weeds strongly fragrant we cause planting failure; Therefore, during summer sowing preferably in advance two weeks wholely, water, induction suppressing weed seed germination is unearthed, and then uses weed killer herbicide or adopt the method for weeding by machine to go out to cut weeds, and sows afterwards again;
Two, crop rotation measure, takes crop rotation method to be the effective measures of management of weeds, particularly cuts weeds to some difficulties, can select the method for crop rotation when additive method difficulty is proved effective; The Tanaka of long-term planting clover, due to the result of chemical herbicide and ecological choice, the quantity of broadleaf weed increases gradually, clover Tanaka, broadleaf weed prevent and kill off comparatively monocotyledon weed want difficulty, if with monocot crops crop rotation, the broadleaf weed in wheatland is relatively easily prevented and kill off, so just greatly reduce the quantity of broadleaf weed in soil seed bank, soil seed pool, thus alleviate the harm of broadleaf weed to clover; Heilongjiangdistrict sowing clover preferably select with the intertillage crop such as soybean, corn be before the soil of stubble; The tillage control measure repeatedly putting on soil owing to planting such crop field can eliminate most weeds, and clover is sowed on the basis of this kind of front stubble, and its weeds in field stubble field weed before other that compares wants much less; Take into full account the front stubble in planting clover field, before utilizing, the cultivation management of stubble restricts management of weeds, is one of important measures of preventing and kill off seedling of alfalfa phase weeds;
Three, burn the grass on waste land, prepare the plot of sowing clover, if front stubble is deteriorate grassland, extensive management, weeds are more, in the higher or withered strain of weeds of stubble with or have the weed seed contaminated soil landed, particularly old-field is often due to weedy, residual a large amount of weed seeds, can prevent and kill off the annual and perennial weed of major part by burning the grass on waste land; Facts have proved, employing burning stubble, the prevent and kill off rate of method to annual weed of burning the grass on waste land reach 78.49%, are 100% to the rate of preventing and kill off of winter annual weeds; Burning the grass on waste land is a cost-effective weeding measure, together burns, can burn a large amount of weed seeds and sick polypide to death when burning the grass on waste land together with limit, field and with the plot that field is adjoined mutually; Weed eradication of burning the grass on waste land should select suitable period, in central and west regions, Heilungkiang should when dry, the weeds of early and middle ten days soil surface drying in April start to sprout effect better; Burn stubble spring to burn the grass on waste land and can make the explosion of ground grass-seed, the weeds bud of turning green can be burnt;
Four, chemical method, chemical method management of weeds saving of work and time, efficiency is high, and cost is low; Due to the large-area applications of chemical weed control method, decrease the farming number of times in farmland, alleviate hand labor intensity; Therefore to a certain extent, chemical weed control level is a modern mark of National agricultural; But herbicide spraying, as long as crop smothering to be reduced to the object that just should reach under economic injury level and administer crop smothering, not to overemphasize and is all removed by the weeds in ground.
2. clover field weed integrated control technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: clover broadcasts front soil treatment; In soil surface herbicide spraying before sowing behind whole ground, and then sow clover; Spray trefanocide after watering as whole, shallow earthing after dispenser, can sow clover after 2 weeks, this to annual gramineous weed and most of annual broadleaf weed effective; Unfortunately this technical requirement dispenser and sowing have certain time interval, otherwise are easy to cause poisoning, and require the certain humidity of soil conservation, competence exertion drug effect simultaneously.
3. clover field weed integrated control technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: clover broadcasts rear seedling pre-treatment; After clover sowing, time of about 1 week just can emerge, and sprays medicament during this period of time before utilizing clover to emerge; Keep ground moistening, the soil before clover after planting emerges sprays glyphosate, this kind of medicament of paraquat, can kill indiscriminate for aerial plant, and to the sprouting of alfalfa seed with come up, grow without poisoning effect.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410496947.6A CN105432379A (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | Integrated weed control technique for alfalfa field |
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| CN201410496947.6A CN105432379A (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | Integrated weed control technique for alfalfa field |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171491A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 林晶 | A kind of method preventing Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae weed in seedbed |
| CN107969436A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 曾亮维 | Composition for controlling weeds and method for controlling weeds |
| CN109042096A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of planting and establishing method of establishment of alfalfa grassland and the implantation methods of establishment of alfalfa grassland |
-
2014
- 2014-09-25 CN CN201410496947.6A patent/CN105432379A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106171491A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-07 | 林晶 | A kind of method preventing Folium Stevlae Rebaudianae weed in seedbed |
| CN107969436A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 曾亮维 | Composition for controlling weeds and method for controlling weeds |
| CN109042096A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of planting and establishing method of establishment of alfalfa grassland and the implantation methods of establishment of alfalfa grassland |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |