CN105410304B - 一种紫薯凝胶糖果及其加工工艺 - Google Patents
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- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/42—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the carbohydrates used, e.g. polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种紫薯凝胶糖果及其加工工艺,紫薯凝胶糖果包括质量百分数计的以下组分:紫薯糖浆25%~35%,蔗糖50~58%,复合胶14‑16%,复合酸0.5‑0.8%,柠檬酸钠0.14‑0.18%,维生素C 0.05‑0.06%。以紫薯粉为原料,采用酶法进行液化、糖化、转苷,再经浓缩处理制作含低聚异麦芽糖的紫薯糖浆;然后将紫薯糖浆和蔗糖加热溶解,再依次加入海藻酸钠、明胶熬煮,近结束时加入维生素C、柠檬酸、葡萄糖酸‑δ‑内酯、柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀,然后冷却浇模,静置成型,切块、干燥、真空或充氮包装。制作出的紫薯凝胶糖果色泽紫红,质地均匀一致,薯香浓郁,有弹性、酸甜适中,咀嚼性良好,不黏牙。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,特别是一种紫薯凝胶糖果及其加工方法。
技术背景
紫薯(Solanum tuberdsm),又名紫番薯、黑薯等,除具有普通红薯的营养成分外,还富含花青素、硒元素、铁元素。研究发现,花青素是维护人类健康最直接、最有效、最安全的自由基清除剂,其清除自由基的能力是VC的20倍、VE的50倍,而且花青素是唯一能透过血脑屏障清除自由基保护大脑细胞的物质。紫薯防癌、抗癌能力居各种食物之首,还具有保护心血管、增强人体免疫能力以及美容抗衰老之功效,是集药用和保健于一身的健康食品。因此,紫薯是人们制作健康食品的首选原料。利用紫薯为原料开发的食品产品主要有紫薯粉、紫薯乳品、紫薯饮料、紫薯休闲食品等。在紫薯软糖生产上,目前均是以鲜紫薯、紫薯全粉为主要原料直接生产。由于紫薯淀粉中直链淀粉含量较高,以此为原料直接生产产品,可能会带来产品易老化回生的问题,口感也会受到影响。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种颜色紫红,质地均一,有薯香味,有弹性、酸甜适中,咀嚼性良好、不黏牙的紫薯凝胶糖果。
本发明的另一目的是提供紫薯凝胶糖果的加工工艺,方法简便,重复性好,可大规模工业化生产,所得的紫薯凝胶糖果干燥失重少。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案予以实现的:
一种紫薯凝胶糖果,包括:紫薯糖浆25%~35%,蔗糖50~58%,复合胶14-16%(明胶:海藻酸钠=8~10:1,质量比),复合酸(柠檬酸:葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯=10:1,质量比)0.5-0.8%,柠檬酸钠0.14-0.18%,维生素C 0.05-0.06%。添加量均为质量百分数(W/W)。所述的紫薯糖浆是紫薯粉经酶法进行液化、糖化、转苷,再经浓缩处理得到的含低聚异麦芽糖的糖浆。
一种紫薯凝胶糖果的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)紫薯糖浆制作:称取紫薯粉水分散均匀,糊化,调pH为6.5,加入α-淀粉酶、96℃加热10-15min液化,再煮沸5min,冷却至50-60℃离心(离心速度5000r/min,离心时间15-20min),得上层液体,调pH6.4,按每克淀粉加入160U的加酶量加入β-淀粉酶、每克淀粉180U的加酶量加入α-葡萄糖转苷酶、每克淀粉48U的加酶量加入普鲁兰酶: 50℃酶解30hr,然后煮沸5min,再真空浓缩至水分含量≤30%,微波杀菌(至中心温度≥80℃时止),密封、冷却贮藏待用。
为了便于添加量的控制,按下式将加入的酶量进行单位转化(从国际单位U到克):
Ma(g)= X× XC ×Es/Ea
上式中,Ma-加酶量(g),X-紫薯粉质量(g),XC-紫薯粉中淀粉的百分含量(%),Es-每克淀粉需酶量(U/g),Ea-酶活(U/g);其中Es(β-淀粉酶)=160U,Es(α-葡萄糖转苷酶)=180U,Es(普鲁兰酶=)48U。
所述的糊化是在100℃加热10min糊化或者采用蒸汽喷射糊化;
(2)紫薯凝胶糖果的制作:将紫薯糖浆、蔗糖加入配料锅中,加热,搅拌,待蔗糖完全溶解且产生香味时,加入50-70℃海藻酸钠溶液,加热至95-100℃,再加入50-60℃明胶溶液,继续熬煮至含水量17-18%时停止加热。待膏状糖体温度下降至90℃以下时,加入葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,待糖膏冷却至75-80℃左右,加入柠檬酸、维生素C和柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀后,冷却倒模,低温静置胶凝成型,脱模,切块,烘干,冷却至室温,包裹防粘物如海藻糖、糯米纸等,灭菌,包装。
所述的低温静置是在5-15℃静置4-8小时;
烘干是将切割后的凝胶糖块于40℃-50℃干燥12 h-16h;
所述的灭菌是过70℃-80℃热空气隧道1-2 min、迅速冷却,或将包裹防粘物后的糖块过紫外线隧道10-20min,再真空包装或充氮包装。
所用包装纸均经过紫外杀菌或100℃热风杀菌或是臭氧杀菌;
所制作的凝胶糖果花青素含量≥4.0mg/100ɡ;还原糖含量≥11%;干燥失重<15%。
本发明具有以下特点:
(1)采用液化、酶解、转苷等工艺,将紫薯淀粉转化为糊精、麦芽糖、低聚异麦芽糖等,低聚异麦芽糖是功能性低聚糖,甜度低,具有预防龋齿、促双歧杆菌生长,抑制人体内的腐败菌及有害物质产生等作用;
(2)制备的紫薯凝胶糖果含紫薯淀粉转化成分的紫薯糖浆,甜度低口感好,能提高产品的营养功能和口感,也避免了产品回生问题和口感不佳等问题。
(3)复合胶是凝胶糖果的主要辅料。明胶是以牛、猪等动物骨和皮等为原料水解其中胶原蛋白而制得的产品,含有18种氨基酸,并含有一般蛋白质所不常见的羟基脯氨酸和羟基赖氨酸。胶原蛋白经过水解,其分子量降低、溶解度增大, 更易被人体吸收利用,此外,明胶蛋白不含脂肪、糖类,是一种低热值营养物质,有滋阴润燥补血生血、护肤美容之功能,因此食品明胶不仅是一种高蛋白的营养食品,而且是一种具有疗效的医药滋补品。海藻酸钠(sodium alginate)是一种以海带、海藻为原料深加工而制成的产品,属于功能性食品添加剂,广泛地用于农业、食品加工、药品和工业产品中。本发明按照先添加海藻酸钠溶液、再加入明胶溶液的顺序进行,两者发挥协同效应;柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠构成的缓冲体系,对胶体的凝胶性能有保护作用,因而产品柔韧有弹性,干燥失重小。柠檬酸、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯构成的复合酸酸味柔和、味质好。
因此,本发明以紫薯糖浆为原料生产紫薯糖果,不仅大大提高了凝胶糖果的营养和保健功能;而且改良了口感和保藏性,所得糖果甜酸适口、薯香浓郁,色香味俱佳,无回生现象。
具体实施方式:
以下将以结合实施例具体说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1-5所采用的原料质量百分数(%)如表1所示:
表1
实施例1所采用的工艺如下:
(1)紫薯糖浆的制作:称取紫薯粉,加约4-6倍水,使紫薯粉完全分散均匀。然后100℃10min糊化。将糊化好的浆液调pH为6.5,加入α-淀粉酶、96℃10-15min液化,再煮沸5min,冷却至50-60℃,5000r/min离心15-20min,得上层液体,调pH6.4,按每克淀粉加入160U的加酶量加入β-淀粉酶、每克淀粉180U的加酶量加入α-葡萄糖转苷酶、每克淀粉48U的加酶量加入普鲁兰酶,50℃酶解30hr,然后煮沸5min,再浓缩至水分含量≤30%,微波灭菌2分钟,密封贮藏待用。
具体加酶量Ma(g)可按下列公式计算:
Ma(g)= X× XC ×Es/Ea
式中,Ma-加酶量(g),X-紫薯粉质量(g),XC-紫薯粉中淀粉的百分含量(%),Es-每克淀粉需酶量(U/g),Ea-酶活(U/g)。
(2)紫薯凝胶糖果的制作
按照配方量将紫薯糖浆、蔗糖加入配料锅中,边搅拌边加热,待蔗糖完全溶解且产生香味时,加入50℃海藻酸钠溶液,边加边搅拌,至温度达95℃,再加入50℃明胶溶液、迅速搅拌混匀,并注意防止气泡混入,继续熬煮搅拌至水分含量约17%时止。待膏状糖体温度下降至90℃时,加入葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,迅速搅拌混匀,待糖膏冷却至75℃左右,加入柠檬酸、维生素C和柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀后,冷却倒模,5℃静置约4h胶凝成型。然后脱模,切成约3㎝*2㎝的糖块,也可根据需要切块,40℃干燥16 h,冷却至室温,包裹防粘物如海藻糖、糯米纸等,过70℃热空气隧道2 min、迅速冷却,或过紫外线隧道10min,再真空包装或充氮包装。所用包装纸均经过紫外杀菌或100℃热风杀菌或是臭氧杀菌。
实施例2-4所采用的工艺,与实施例1的工艺不同之处如下:
紫薯凝胶糖果制作步骤:
按照配方量将紫薯糖浆、蔗糖加入配料锅中,边搅拌边加热,待蔗糖完全溶解且产生焦香味时,加入60℃海藻酸钠溶液,边加边搅拌,至温度达95℃,再加入60℃明胶溶液、迅速搅拌混匀,并注意防止气泡混入,继续熬煮搅拌至水分含量约18%时止。待膏状糖体温度下降至85℃时,加入葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,迅速搅拌混匀,待糖膏冷却至75℃左右,加入柠檬酸、维生素C和柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀后,冷却倒模,10℃静置约6小时胶凝成型。然后脱模,切成约3㎝×2㎝的糖块,也可根据需要切块,50℃干燥12 h,冷却至室温,包裹防粘物如海藻糖、糯米纸等,过80℃热空气隧道1min、迅速冷却,或过紫外线隧道10min,再真空包装或充氮包装。所用包装纸均经过紫外杀菌或100℃热风杀菌或是臭氧杀菌。
实施例5所采用的工艺不同于实施例1的内容如下:
紫薯凝胶糖果的制作步骤:
按照配方量将紫薯糖浆、蔗糖加入配料锅中,边搅拌边加热,待蔗糖完全溶解且产生焦香味时,加入70℃海藻酸钠溶液,边加边搅拌,至温度达95℃,再加入60℃明胶溶液、迅速搅拌混匀,并注意防止气泡混入,继续熬煮搅拌至水分含量约17%时止。待膏状糖体温度下降至90℃时,加入葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,迅速搅拌混匀,待糖膏冷却至75℃左右,加入柠檬酸、维生素C和柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀后,冷却倒模,15℃静置约8小时胶凝成型、脱模,切成约3㎝×2㎝的糖块,也可根据需要切块,45℃干燥14 h,冷却至室温,包裹防粘物如海藻糖、糯米纸等,过80℃热空气隧道1.5min、迅速冷却,或过紫外线隧道15min,再真空包装或真空充氮包装。所用包装纸均经过紫外杀菌或100℃热风杀菌或是臭氧杀菌。
Claims (2)
1.一种紫薯凝胶糖果,其特征在于,包括如下组分:紫薯糖浆25%~35%,蔗糖50~58%,复合胶14-16%,复合酸0.5-0.8%,柠檬酸钠0.14-0.18%,维生素C 0.05-0.06%,添加量均以质量百分数计;
所述的紫薯糖浆是紫薯粉经酶法进行液化、糖化、转苷,再经浓缩处理得到的含低聚异麦芽糖的糖浆;
所述的复合胶包括明胶与海藻酸钠,两者的质量比为8~10:1;
所述的复合酸包括柠檬酸与葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,两者的质量比为10:1。
2.权利要求1所述的紫薯凝胶糖果的加工工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤(1)紫薯糖浆制作:称取紫薯粉,加水分散均匀,糊化,调pH为6.5,加入α-淀粉酶,加热液化,煮沸,冷却至50-60℃离心,得上层液体,调pH6.4,按每克淀粉加入160U的加酶量加入β-淀粉酶、每克淀粉180U的加酶量加入α-葡萄糖转苷酶、每克淀粉48U的加酶量加入普鲁兰酶;然后酶解,酶解中止后真空浓缩、杀菌,密封、冷却贮藏待用;
所述的糊化是在100℃加热10min糊化或者采用蒸汽喷射糊化;离心速度5000r/min,离心时间15-20min;
步骤(2)紫薯凝胶糖果的制作:将紫薯糖浆、蔗糖加入配料锅中,加热,搅拌,待蔗糖完全溶解且产生香味时,加入50-70℃海藻酸钠溶液,加热至95-100℃,再加入50-60℃明胶溶液,继续熬煮至含水量17-18%时停止加热;待膏状糖体温度下降至90℃以下时,加入葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯,待糖膏冷却至75-80℃,加入柠檬酸、维生素C和柠檬酸钠,搅拌均匀后,冷却倒模,低温静置胶凝成型,脱模,切块,烘干,冷却至室温,包裹防粘物,灭菌,包装;
所述的低温静置是在5-15℃静置4-8小时;
烘干是将切割后的凝胶糖块于40℃-50℃干燥12 h-16h;
灭菌是过70℃-80℃热空气隧道1-2min或将包裹防粘物后的糖块过紫外线隧道10-20min。
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