CN105409847A - Ecological mixed breeding method of pond mainly used for breeding Sepia esculenta - Google Patents
Ecological mixed breeding method of pond mainly used for breeding Sepia esculenta Download PDFInfo
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- CN105409847A CN105409847A CN201510876530.7A CN201510876530A CN105409847A CN 105409847 A CN105409847 A CN 105409847A CN 201510876530 A CN201510876530 A CN 201510876530A CN 105409847 A CN105409847 A CN 105409847A
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- pond
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- golden cuttlefish
- exopalaemon carinicauda
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides an ecological mixed breeding method of a pond mainly used for breeding Sepia esculenta. The ecological mixed breeding method comprises the following steps: pond preparation: excavating a deep ditch in the middle of the pond, adding gentle slopes on the inner side of the periphery of the pond, covering each gentle slope by using a layer of geotechnical cloth, and paving PVC oxygenation pipelines on the bottom of the pond; stocking Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus seedlings in the pond when the temperature of water in the pond reaches 7-8 DEG C in the spring; stocking Exopalaemon carinicauda and shrimps with eggs when the temperature of the water in the pond rises to be 12-13 DEG C; stocking Sepia esculenta larvae after the temperature of the water in the pond rises to be 14-16 DEG C; and then feeding with baits in a combined manner. According to the ecological mixed breeding method provided by the invention, mixed breeding is implemented by ecological complementarity of the Sepia esculenta, the Exopalaemon carinicauda and the Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus, the Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus purifies water, the Sepia esculenta can eat the Exopalaemon carinicauda, the pond has Exopalaemon carinicauda groups in different stages, and requirements of the Sepia esculenta to live baits are met; and the Sepia esculenta eats sick and weak Exopalaemon carinicauda individuals, and spreading of shrimp diseases is controlled effectively, so that the purposes of high yield, high efficiency and environmental protection are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the polyculture method of a kind of golden cuttlefish, particularly the ecological polyculturing method of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish.
Background technology
Golden cuttlefish (
sepiaesculenta) have another name called inkfish, snakeheaded fish, be distributed in Bohai and Yellow Seas, the East Sea, the South Sea, Japanese Science Society and the Philippines marine site.Golden cuttlefish is one of economic species important in world Sepiidae, annual production occupies the 2nd in world's Sepiidae kind, it is the cuttlefish that in Japanese Science Society marine site, output is maximum, also be the cuttlefish that in northern China marine site, economic worth is maximum, once being called China's tradition one of four large fishery together with large yellow Crocker, little yellow croaker, hairtail, is important fished species.But since the eighties in 20th century, due to the many reasons such as destruction of overfishing and marine environment, its stock number obviously fails, and output sharply declines, and current golden cuttlefish disappeares in many marine sites.
At present, golden cuttlefish just starts coastal the propagating artificially of northern China.Golden cuttlefish likes live bait of ingesting, and Chi Shui is necessarily limpid, significantly limit the popularization of this kind, and society is badly in need of a kind of golden cuttlefish aquaculture model of high-yield, efficient, environmentally friendly and solves bait in golden cuttlefish breeding process and quality problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of method design reasonable, the ecological polyculturing method of the Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish that output is high.
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is realized by following technical scheme.The present invention is the ecological polyculturing method of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish, is characterized in, its step is as follows:
(1) level pond: the zanjon of the wide 6 ~ 8m of excavation, dark 2 ~ 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 3 ~ 6m, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline;
(2) put clam seedling in a suitable place to breed: when spring, pond water temperature reached 7 ~ 8 DEG C, put clam seedling in pond in a suitable place to breed, the specification of clam seedling seed is 1000 ~ 2000/kg, and throwing in density is 5 ~ 100,000/mu;
(3) Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums is put in a suitable place to breed: when pond water temperature rise in spring is to 12 ~ 13 DEG C, put Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums in pond in a suitable place to breed, Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 150 ~ 250 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1 ~ 2kg/ mu;
(4) put the golden cuttlefish young in a suitable place to breed: after pond water temperature rise is to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, put the golden cuttlefish young in pond in a suitable place to breed, golden cuttlefish young seed size is 500 ~ 1000/kg, and throwing in density is 2000 ~ 3000/mu;
(5) bait combination is thrown something and fed: before the golden cuttlefish young is put in a suitable place to breed, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding to pond; Put backward pond in a suitable place to breed to throw something and feed blue clam and prawn manufactured feed; When autumn pond water temperature drop gather in the crops golden cuttlefish to when 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and gather in the crops by-product clam and Exopalaemon carinicauda.
In the ecological polyculturing method technical scheme of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish of the present invention, preferred technical characteristic is further: step (1) is leveled in pond: the zanjon of the wide 7m of excavation, dark 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 5m.
In the ecological polyculturing method technical scheme of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish of the present invention, preferred technical characteristic is further: step (2) is put in a suitable place to breed in clam: described seed size is 1400 ~ 1600/kg, and throwing in density is 7 ~ 80,000/mu.
In the ecological polyculturing method technical scheme of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish of the present invention, preferred technical characteristic is further: step (3) is put in a suitable place to breed in Exopalaemon carinicauda: Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 180 ~ 220 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1.4 ~ 1.6kg/ mu.
In the ecological polyculturing method technical scheme of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish of the present invention, further preferred technical characteristic is: step (4) is put in a suitable place to breed in golden cuttlefish: golden cuttlefish put seed size 700 ~ 800/kg in a suitable place to breed, throwing in density is 2400 ~ 2600/mu.
Technical solution of the present invention be utilize golden cuttlefish and Exopalaemon carinicauda, the integrated ecosystem of clam raises together with, clam can purify water, and meets the requirement to water quality in golden cuttlefish breeding process; Golden cuttlefish can ingest Exopalaemon carinicauda, and due to Exopalaemon carinicauda fertility very strong, within 1 year, repeatedly can breed, there is in pond the Exopalaemon carinicauda colony of different phase, meet the demand of golden cuttlefish to live bait; And golden cuttlefish ingests is mostly that sick and weak Exopalaemon carinicauda is individual, effectively control spreading of prawn disease, thus realize the target of high-yield, efficient, environmentally friendly.Be embodied as:
(1) golden cuttlefish can ingest the sick and weak individuality of Exopalaemon carinicauda, is conducive to controlling prawn disease and propagates; Meanwhile, Exopalaemon carinicauda is also the bait of golden cuttlefish eating.
(2) increase by 3 ~ 6m gentle slope by inner side around pond, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, can be golden cuttlefish and the place perched is provided, be conducive to golden cuttlefish rest on daytime and hide night ingesting.
(3) lay the oxygenation of PVC oxygenation pipeline, oxygenation at the bottom of pond, break water body oxygen spring layer, improve pond culture capacity, and can provide certain to golden cuttlefish and conceal space, and be conducive to the high density breeding of Exopalaemon carinicauda.
(4) by excavation zanjon in the middle of pond, the artificial water temperature reducing megathermal period breeding water body, the generation of prevention golden cuttlefish and Exopalaemon carinicauda disease;
(6) to arrange in pairs or groups in bait a certain proportion of clam, one be clam in the seawater the time-to-live long, ensure that the freshness of bait and not polluted water; Two is that golden cuttlefish and Exopalaemon carinicauda can freely be ingested, and remaining blue clam does not also ruin water quality, reduces the loss of bait.
Embodiment
Below further describe concrete technical scheme of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art understands the present invention further, and do not form the restriction to its right.
Embodiment 1, the ecological polyculturing method of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish, its step is as follows:
(1) level pond: the zanjon of the wide 6m of excavation, dark 2m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 3m, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline;
(2) put clam seedling in a suitable place to breed: when spring, pond water temperature reached 7 ~ 8 DEG C, put clam seedling in pond in a suitable place to breed, the specification of clam seedling seed is 1000/kg, and throwing in density is 50,000/mu;
(3) Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums is put in a suitable place to breed: when pond water temperature rise in spring is to 12 ~ 13 DEG C, put Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums in pond in a suitable place to breed, Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 150 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1kg/ mu;
(4) put the golden cuttlefish young in a suitable place to breed: after pond water temperature rise is to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, put the golden cuttlefish young in pond in a suitable place to breed, golden cuttlefish young seed size is 500/kg, and throwing in density is 2000/mu;
(5) bait combination is thrown something and fed: before the golden cuttlefish young is put in a suitable place to breed, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding to pond; Put backward pond in a suitable place to breed to throw something and feed blue clam and prawn manufactured feed; When autumn pond water temperature drop gather in the crops golden cuttlefish to when 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and gather in the crops by-product clam and Exopalaemon carinicauda.
Embodiment 2, the ecological polyculturing method of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish, its step is as follows:
(1) level pond: the zanjon of the wide 8m of excavation, dark 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 6m, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline;
(2) put clam seedling in a suitable place to breed: when spring, pond water temperature reached 7 ~ 8 DEG C, put clam seedling in pond in a suitable place to breed, the specification of clam seedling seed is 2000/kg, and throwing in density is 100,000/mu;
(3) Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums is put in a suitable place to breed: when pond water temperature rise in spring is to 12 ~ 13 DEG C, put Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums in pond in a suitable place to breed, Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 250 tails/kg, and injected volume is 2kg/ mu;
(4) put the golden cuttlefish young in a suitable place to breed: after pond water temperature rise is to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, put the golden cuttlefish young in pond in a suitable place to breed, golden cuttlefish young seed size is 1000/kg, and throwing in density is 3000/mu;
(5) bait combination is thrown something and fed: before the golden cuttlefish young is put in a suitable place to breed, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding to pond; Put backward pond in a suitable place to breed to throw something and feed blue clam and prawn manufactured feed; When autumn pond water temperature drop gather in the crops golden cuttlefish to when 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and gather in the crops by-product clam and Exopalaemon carinicauda.
Embodiment 3, the ecological polyculturing method of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish, its step is as follows:
(1) level pond: the zanjon of the wide 7m of excavation, dark 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 5m, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline;
(2) put clam seedling in a suitable place to breed: when spring, pond water temperature reached 7 ~ 8 DEG C, put clam seedling in pond in a suitable place to breed, the specification of clam seedling seed is 1400 ~ 1600/kg, and throwing in density is 7 ~ 80,000/mu;
(3) Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums is put in a suitable place to breed: when pond water temperature rise in spring is to 12 ~ 13 DEG C, put Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums in pond in a suitable place to breed, Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 180 ~ 200 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1.4 ~ 1.6kg/ mu;
(4) put the golden cuttlefish young in a suitable place to breed: after pond water temperature rise is to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, put the golden cuttlefish young in pond in a suitable place to breed, golden cuttlefish young seed size is 700 ~ 800/kg, and throwing in density is 2400 ~ 2600/mu;
(5) bait combination is thrown something and fed: before the golden cuttlefish young is put in a suitable place to breed, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding to pond; Put backward pond in a suitable place to breed to throw something and feed blue clam and prawn manufactured feed; When autumn pond water temperature drop gather in the crops golden cuttlefish to when 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and gather in the crops by-product clam and Exopalaemon carinicauda.
Embodiment 4, the ecological polyculturing method experiment of a kind of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish:
Experimental period place: 2015, place is the large slab bridge Tu Chi in Lianyun District, Lianyungang.
Experimentation:
1, golden cuttlefish raises together with the prawn culturing Tu Chi that the pool is 1 area 8 mu, and the zanjon of the wide 7m of excavation, dark 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases 5m gentle slope, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline.
2, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed of clam seedling be spring water temperature be elevated to 7.5 DEG C, seed size is 1500/kg, throw in density be 80,000/mu.
3, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed of Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums be spring water temperature be elevated to 12 DEG C, shrimp with ovums specification is 200 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1.5kg/ mu.
4, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed of the golden cuttlefish young is water temperature 16 DEG C, seed size 1000/kg, and throwing in density is 3000/mu.
5, the golden cuttlefish young is put front pond in a suitable place to breed and throws something and feeds to conventional shrimp manufactured feed, puts rear pond in a suitable place to breed and to throw something and feed blue clam+prawn manufactured feed.
Result shows, autumn gathers in the crops golden cuttlefish, golden cuttlefish average weight 175g, survival rate 80% when water temperature drops to 15 DEG C, increases production Exopalaemon carinicauda 220kg/ mu, clam 260kg/ mu simultaneously.Utilize golden cuttlefish and Exopalaemon carinicauda in breeding process, the integrated ecosystem of clam raises together with, increase the space layering of cultivating pool ecologic structure, improve the stability of cultivating pool environment, solve bait and the quality problem of golden cuttlefish in breeding process, thus realize the target of high-yield, efficient, environmentally friendly.
Claims (5)
1. an ecological polyculturing method for Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish, is characterized in that, its step is as follows:
(1) level pond: the zanjon of the wide 6 ~ 8m of excavation, dark 2 ~ 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 3 ~ 6m, gentle slope covers one deck geotextiles, and pond bottom lays PVC oxygenation pipeline;
(2) put clam seedling in a suitable place to breed: when spring, pond water temperature reached 7 ~ 8 DEG C, put clam seedling in pond in a suitable place to breed, the specification of clam seedling seed is 1000 ~ 2000/kg, and throwing in density is 5 ~ 100,000/mu;
(3) Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums is put in a suitable place to breed: when pond water temperature rise in spring is to 12 ~ 13 DEG C, put Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums in pond in a suitable place to breed, Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 150 ~ 250 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1 ~ 2kg/ mu;
(4) put the golden cuttlefish young in a suitable place to breed: after pond water temperature rise is to 14 ~ 16 DEG C, put the golden cuttlefish young in pond in a suitable place to breed, golden cuttlefish young seed size is 500 ~ 1000/kg, and throwing in density is 2000 ~ 3000/mu;
(5) bait combination is thrown something and fed: before the golden cuttlefish young is put in a suitable place to breed, prawn manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding to pond; Put backward pond in a suitable place to breed to throw something and feed blue clam and prawn manufactured feed; When autumn pond water temperature drop gather in the crops golden cuttlefish to when 14 ~ 16 DEG C, and gather in the crops by-product clam and Exopalaemon carinicauda.
2. the ecological polyculturing method of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (1) is leveled in pond: the zanjon of the wide 7m of excavation, dark 2.5m in the middle of pond, around pond, inner side increases the gentle slope of 5m.
3. the ecological polyculturing method of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (2) is put in a suitable place to breed in clam: described seed size is 1400 ~ 1600/kg, and throwing in density is 7 ~ 80,000/mu.
4. the ecological polyculturing method of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (3) is put in a suitable place to breed in Exopalaemon carinicauda: Exopalaemon carinicauda shrimp with ovums specification is 180 ~ 220 tails/kg, and injected volume is 1.4 ~ 1.6kg/ mu.
5. the ecological polyculturing method of Farmed as Main Species in Ponds golden cuttlefish according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (4) is put in a suitable place to breed in golden cuttlefish: golden cuttlefish put seed size 700 ~ 800/kg in a suitable place to breed, throw in density be 2400 ~ 2600/mu.
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