CN105395914A - 一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物。所述中药组合物包括:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份。本发明中药组合物按照中药常规制剂方法可制备成任何一种临床上可接受的口服药物制剂。本发明中药组合物具有清热利尿、行气消胀、通窍排石、温肾助阳、活血化瘀之功效,临床疗效表明本发明中药组合物对于膀胱结石疗效确切可靠,标本兼治,临床应用安全,无任何毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药组合物,尤其涉及一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物及其制备方法和用途,属于膀胱结石的中药治疗领域。
背景技术
膀胱结石是指在膀胱内形成的结石,它可以分为原发性膀胱结石和继发性膀胱结石。前者是指在膀胱内形成的结石,多由于营养不良引起,多发于儿童,随着我国经济的不断发展,儿童膀胱结石现已呈下降趋势;后者则是指来源于上尿路或继发于下尿路梗阻,感染、膀胱异物或神经源性膀胱等因素而形成的膀胱结石,在经济发达地区,膀胱结石主要发生于老年男性,且多患前列腺增生症或尿道狭窄,而在贫困地区,则多见于儿童,女性少见。对于膀胱结石的治疗主要遵循两个原则:一是取出结石,二是纠正形成结石的原因和因素。西医治疗膀胱结石主要采取手术取石和非手术碎石,这些治疗手段都会给患者带来较大的痛苦和一定的风险,而且西药均有不同程度的副作用,疗效不持久,容易复发。中药治疗温和安全,而且有关膀胱结石的中医配方也已有许多,但有些疗效仍待考证和提高。因此,研究疗效显著、副作用低的中成药显得尤为必要。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有的治疗膀胱结石存在的见效慢、疗效不持久、毒副作用大、容易复发等缺陷,提供一种见效快、疗效确切、无毒副作用的治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物;
本发明所要解决的另一个技术问题是提供一种制备上述中药组合物的方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明首先公开了一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,包括以下各组分:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活。
优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份。
最优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份。
菟丝子:为旋花科植物菟丝子或大菟丝子的种子。性味辛甘,平。入肝、肾经。功能主治:补肝肾,益精髓,明目。治腰膝酸痛,遗精,消渴,尿有余沥,目暗。
淡竹叶:为禾本科植物淡竹叶的全草。性味甘淡,寒。入心、肾经。功用主治:清心火,除烦热,利小便。治热病口渴,心烦,小便赤涩,淋浊,口糜舌疮,牙龈肿痛。
马齿苋:为马齿苋科植物马齿苋的全草。性味酸,寒。入大肠,肝、脾经。功能主治:清热解毒,散血消肿。治热痢脓血,热淋,血淋,带下,痈肿恶疮,丹毒,痕疬。用于湿热所致的腹泻、痢疾,常配黄连、木香。内服或捣汁外敷,治痈肿。亦用于便血、子宫出血,有止血作用。
玉米须:为禾本科植物玉蜀黍的花柱。性味甘,平。入膀胱、肝、胆经。功能主治:利尿,泄热,平肝,利胆。治肾炎水肿,脚气,黄疸肝炎,高血压,胆囊炎,胆结石,糖尿病,吐血衄血,鼻渊,乳痈。、
满天星:为泥炭藓科植物细叶泥炭藓的全草。性味淡微苦,平。入肝经功能主治:清热明目,退云翳,消肿。治角膜白斑,目赤肿痛。、
小金钱草:为旋花科植物马蹄金的全草。性味苦辛,凉。入肺、肝经。功用主治:温中,暖肾,降逆。治呃逆,呕吐,反胃,泻痢,心腹冷痛,痃癖,疝气,癣疾。
徐长卿:为萝藦科植物徐长卿的根及根茎或带根全草。性味辛,温。入肝,胃经。功能主治:镇痛,止咳,利水消肿,活血解毒。治胃痛,牙痛,风湿疼痛,经期腹痛,慢性气管炎,腹水,水肿,痢疾,肠炎,跌打损伤,湿疹,荨麻疹,毒蛇咬伤。
紫菀:为菊科植物紫菀的根及根茎。性味苦,温。入肺经。功能主治:温肺,下气,消痰,止咳。治风寒咳嗽气喘,虚劳咳吐脓血,喉痹,小便不利。
独活:为伞形科植物重齿毛当归、毛当归、兴安白芷、紫茎独活、牛尾独活、软毛独活以及五加科植物食用楤木等的根及根茎。性味辛苦,温。入肾、膀胱经。功能主治:祛风,胜湿,散寒,止痛。治风寒湿痹,腰膝酸痛,手脚挛痛,慢性气管炎,头痛,齿痛。
本发明中药组合物是基于发明人对膀胱结石的深层发病机理的研究及其治疗原则,同时依据发明人多年临床经验和药理学研究成果,筛选出清热利尿、行气消胀、通窍排石、温肾助阳、活血化瘀的的原料药,按照一定的重量配比组方而成。
本发明进一步公开了一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,包括以下各组分:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活、柠檬、川贝母、防风。
优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份、柠檬20-30份、川贝母10-20份、防风5-10份。
最优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份、柠檬25份、川贝母15份、防风7份。
柠檬:为芸香科植物黎檬或洋柠檬的果实。性味酸,甘,凉。入肺,胃经。功能主治:生津,止渴,祛暑,安胎。咽痛口干,胃脘胀气,高血压,心肌梗塞,不思饮食。
川贝母:为百合科植物卷叶贝母、乌花贝母或棱砂贝母等的鳞茎。性味苦甘,凉。入肺经。功能主治:润肺散结,止嗽化痰。治虚劳咳嗽,吐痰咯血,心胸郁结,肺痿,肺痈,瘿瘤,廉疬,喉痹,乳痈。
防风:为伞形科植物防风的根。性味辛甘,温。入膀胱、肺、脾经。功能主治:发表,祛风,胜湿,止痛。治外感风寒,头痛,目眩,项强,风寒湿痹,骨节酸痛,四肢挛急,破伤风。
本发明由菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活制备的中药组合物对膀胱结石具有一定的治疗效果,有效率达73.8%。在菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活的基础上分别添加了以下四组药物:(1)萹蓄、泽泻、虎杖;(2)郁金、甘草、石苇;(3)柠檬、川贝母、防风;(4)木通、党参、滑石;将上述4组药物组合物分别制备中药组合物,考察其对膀胱结石的治疗效果。实验结果表明,在菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活基础上添加柠檬、川贝母、防风对病人的有效率高达96.3%,显著高于其它组合。说明菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活与柠檬、川贝母、防风配伍在一起具有确切的协同增效功效,有效提高了治疗膀胱结石的有效率。相比之下,将菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活与其它几种药物配伍在一起后,对于提高膀胱结石治疗效果的作用不明显。
本发明还公开了一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,包括以下各组分:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活、柠檬、川贝母、防风、车前、瞿麦。
优选的,各组分的用量份为:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份、柠檬20-30份、川贝母10-20份、防风5-10份、车前15-25份、瞿麦5-10份。
最优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份、柠檬25份、川贝母15份、防风7份、车前20份、瞿麦7份。
车前:为车前草科植物车前及平车前的全株。性味甘,寒。入肝、脾经。功能主治:利水,清热,明目,祛痰。治小便不通,淋浊,带下,尿血,黄疸,水肿,热肉,泄泻,鼻衄,目赤肿痛,喉痹乳蛾,咳嗽,皮肤溃疡。
瞿麦:为石竹科植物瞿麦或石竹的带花全草。性味苦,寒。入心、肾、小肠、膀胱经。功能主治:清热利水,破血通经。治小便不通,淋病,水肿,经闭,痈肿,目赤障翳,浸淫疮毒。
本发明方中各药配伍在一起起到清热利尿、行气消胀、通窍排石、温肾助阳、活血化瘀之功效。本发明中药组合物对于膀胱结石标本兼治,临床疗效观察证实,本发明中药组合物对于膀胱结石疗效确切可靠、真实。本发明中药组合物无毒无害,安全可靠,服用后无不良反应,临床使用安全。
本发明所用的各味原料药都可以在医药商店购买得到。
本发明药物活性组分可以加入制备不同剂型时所需的各种辅料,例如崩解剂、润滑剂、黏合剂等,以常规的中药制剂方法制备成任何一种适宜的临床口服制剂,所述的口服制剂可以是丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、片剂、口服液、滴丸剂等。
本发明中药组合物的一种制备方法:将本发明的各原料药按所述重量份配比称取后,粉碎,过筛(例如可以是80-300目筛),即得。当然,也可以将各原料药粉碎后,加入制剂成型所需的辅料或赋型剂,按照常规方法制备成胶囊剂、片剂或丸剂。
本发明中药组合物的另一种制备方法:按所述重量份称取各原料药;将各原料药用水煎煮,合并煎煮液,过滤,滤液浓缩成清膏,加入制剂成型的辅料或赋型剂,制剂成型,即得。
本发明中药组合物的用法与用量:本发明的用药量取决于具体剂型、病人的年龄、健康状况等因素。作为指导:用法用量:丸剂,每丸丸剂含0.6克生药,每次口服2至3丸,一日3次。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,这些实施例仅是范例性的,本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子45g、淡竹叶30g、马齿苋30g、玉米须30g、满天星20g、小金钱草20g、徐长卿15g、紫菀10g、独活5g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例2丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子55g、淡竹叶40g、马齿苋40g、玉米须40g、满天星30g、小金钱草30g、徐长卿25g、紫菀20g、独活10g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例3丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子50g、淡竹叶35g、马齿苋35g、玉米须35g、满天星25g、小金钱草25g、徐长卿20g、紫菀15g、独活7g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例4丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子55g、淡竹叶40g、马齿苋40g、玉米须40g、满天星30g、小金钱草30g、徐长卿25g、紫菀20g、独活10g、柠檬20g、川贝母10g、防风5g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例5丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子45g、淡竹叶30g、马齿苋30g、玉米须30g、满天星20g、小金钱草20g、徐长卿15g、紫菀10g、独活5g、柠檬30g、川贝母20g、防风10g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例6丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药;菟丝子50g、淡竹叶35g、马齿苋35g、玉米须35g、满天星25g、小金钱草25g、徐长卿20g、紫菀15g、独活7g、柠檬25g、川贝母15g、防风7g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例7丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子55g、淡竹叶40g、马齿苋40g、玉米须40g、满天星30g、小金钱草30g、徐长卿25g、紫菀20g、独活10g、柠檬20g、川贝母10g、防风5g、车前15g、瞿麦5g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例8丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子45g、淡竹叶30g、马齿苋30g、玉米须30g、满天星20g、小金钱草20g、徐长卿15g、紫菀10g、独活5g、柠檬30g、川贝母20g、防风10g、车前25g、瞿麦10g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实施例9丸剂的制备
按以下重量称取各原料药:菟丝子50g、淡竹叶35g、马齿苋35g、玉米须35g、满天星25g、小金钱草25g、徐长卿20g、紫菀15g、独活7g、柠檬25g、川贝母15g、防风7g、车前20g、瞿麦7g;将上述各原料药加水煎煮二次,第一次加4倍重量的水,煎煮2小时,第二次加5倍重量的水,煎煮1.5小时;将煎煮液合并,滤过,滤液浓缩至相对密度为1.17-1.19(60℃)的清膏;加适量炼蜜,混匀,制备成每粒6g的药丸。
实验例1应用本发明中药组合物治疗膀胱结石的临床疗效观察试验
一、一般资料:
400例患者均符合膀胱结石的诊断标准,将患者随机分成5组,每组80例;5组在性别、年龄、病程及病情严重程度上差异无显著性。诊断标准:1、尿频、尿急、尿痛等尿路刺激症状;2、尿中有血,尿流突然中断;3、B超检查显示有结石影。
二、药物制备
中药组合物1,按照以下重量称取各组分:菟丝子50g、淡竹叶35g、马齿苋35g、玉米须35g、满天星25g、小金钱草25g、徐长卿20g、紫菀15g、独活7g;
中药组合物2:在中药组合物1基础上添加萹蓄30g、泽泻20g、虎杖10g;
中药组合物3:在中药组合物1基础上添加郁金30g、甘草20g、石苇10g;
中药组合物4:在中药组合物1基础上添加柠檬30g、川贝母20g、防风10g;
中药组合物5:在中药组合物1基础上添加木通30g、党参20g、滑石10g;
三、治疗方法
分别用上述中药组合物1-5的丸剂对上述5组膀胱结石患者进行治疗;口服,一次2丸(0.6g生药/丸),一日3次,早中晚各一次,10天为一疗程,共治疗2-3个疗程;服药期间停服其它相关药物及其它治疗。
四、疗效评定标准
痊愈:结石完全排出体外,B超未再发现结石,不适症状、体征消失,无泌尿系感染;
有效:部分结石排出体外,B超显示结石仍有残留但结石数量和体积减少,不适症状、体征好转;
无效:治疗后,结石未排出也无任何改变,不适症状、体征基本无改善。
五、临床观察结果
临床观察结果见表1。
表1不同中药组合物治疗膀胱结石的统计结果
结果表明,由菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活制备的中药组合物1对膀胱结石具有一定的治疗效果,有效率达73.8%。在菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活基础上,添加柠檬、川贝母和防风,对治疗膀胱结石的有效率显著提高,达到96.3%。
以上结果说明,菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活与柠檬、川贝母和防风之间具有显著的协同增效作用,将其配伍在一起能够显著提高治疗膀胱结石的有效率。相比之下,将菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活与其它几种药物配伍在一起后,对于提高膀胱结石治疗效果的作用不明显。安全性观察发现,没有观察到任何临床不良反应,表明本发明中药组合物临床应用安全、无毒副作用。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下各组分组成:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活。
2.按照权利要求1所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份。
3.按照权利要求2所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份。
4.一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下各组分组成:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活、柠檬、川贝母、防风。
5.按照权利要求4所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份、柠檬20-30份、川贝母10-20份、防风5-10份。
6.按照权利要求5所述的中药组合物,其特征在于,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份、柠檬25份、川贝母15份、防风7份。
7.一种治疗膀胱结石的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下各组分组成:菟丝子、淡竹叶、马齿苋、玉米须、满天星、小金钱草、徐长卿、紫菀、独活、柠檬、川贝母、防风、车前、瞿麦;优选的,各组分的用量份为:菟丝子45-55份、淡竹叶30-40份、马齿苋30-40份、玉米须30-40份、满天星20-30份、小金钱草20-30份、徐长卿15-25份、紫菀10-20份、独活5-10份、柠檬20-30份、川贝母10-20份、防风5-10份、车前15-25份、瞿麦5-10份;最优选的,各组分的重量份是:菟丝子50份、淡竹叶35份、马齿苋35份、玉米须35份、满天星25份、小金钱草25份、徐长卿20份、紫菀15份、独活7份、柠檬25份、川贝母15份、防风7份、车前20份、瞿麦7份。
8.一种制备权利要求1-7任何一项所述中药组合物的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、按所述重量配比称取各原料药;
(2)、将各原料药用水煎煮,合并煎煮液,过滤,滤液浓缩成清膏,加入制剂成型的辅料或赋型剂,制剂成型,即得。
9.权利要求1-7任何一项所述中药组合物在制备治疗膀胱结石药物中的用途。
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