CN105359906A - Technical method for ridging, film-covering, hill-seeding and seedling cultivation of ulmuspumila - Google Patents

Technical method for ridging, film-covering, hill-seeding and seedling cultivation of ulmuspumila Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105359906A
CN105359906A CN201510667615.4A CN201510667615A CN105359906A CN 105359906 A CN105359906 A CN 105359906A CN 201510667615 A CN201510667615 A CN 201510667615A CN 105359906 A CN105359906 A CN 105359906A
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seed
seedling
soil
growth
covering
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徐发辉
何敏
黄汉爱
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a technical method for ridging, film-covering, hill-seeding and seedling cultivation of ulmuspumila, and the method comprises the steps that (1) seeds are collected, wherein a strong and healthy tree with growth duration of 15-30 years is selected as a seed tree, the seeds are sun-cured indoors in a ventilated and light-pervious environment for 15 days, and the seeds shall be sowed timely after thorough after-ripening, or a germination rate is reduced; (2) a seedling cultivation land is selected and treated by soil preparation; (3) the seeds are processed; (4) the seeds are sowed; and (5) seedling management is carried out and mainly comprises four measures including thinning, irrigation and fertilization, bud picking and pruning, and prevention and control of diseases and pests. According to the technical method for ridging, film-covering, hill-seeding and seedling cultivation of the ulmuspumila, due to ridging and firm covering, a seedling survival rate can be increased;, a seedling growth amount also can be increased, and a growth period can be prolonged. The technical method has huge values for generalization.

Description

A kind of American elm ridging overlay film program request seedling growing process method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a Plants program request seedling growing process, be specifically related to a kind of American elm ridging overlay film program request seedling growing process method.
Background technology
American elm seed seedling-raising generally adopts land for growing field crops earthing to broadcast sowing and drilling, although output of seedling is large, seedling growth amount is little, and nursery stock is irregular.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to realize American elm nursery stock Fast-propagation, high standard high quality of production.In production process, by the program request of American elm seed ridging overlay film, propose a kind of American elm ridging overlay film program request seedling growing process method.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is: a kind of American elm ridging overlay film program request seedling growing process method, and its method adopts following steps to realize.
(1) seed collection: in arid and semiarid region of Northwest China, American elm seed mid-May to early June is ripe.Time ripe, samara becomes light yellow or yellow-white from green, and middle part is swelled, and now should collect seed in time.The stalwartness tree that seed collecting elite stand selects 15-30a raw as well.In the indoor airing 15 days of ventilation and penetrating light, ensure sowing in time after the abundant after-ripening of seed, otherwise reduce germination rate.(2) selection of nursery and whole: nursery should select water source, draining good, thicker soil, fertile sandy loam or loam ground.First autumn in year is ploughed deeply 20-30cm, organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg/666.7m in nursery wholely 2, diammonium phosphate 15-18kg/667m 2.Irrigation before seeding, ridge culture of getting up, row spacing 50cm, ridge height 15-18cm, ridge length is determined according to plot, accomplishes that soil is in small, broken bits smooth, sprays the copperas solution 18-22kg/667m of 3% before ridge culture of getting up 2carry out soil disinfection, and overlay film, in order to sowing.(3) seed treatment: American elm seed generally need not process, can directly sow.But for improving emergence rate and amount of growth, available ABT6 root-inducing powder 50ppm aqueous solution seed soaking 1-2 hour, pulls seed draining out and dries, can sow.(4) sow: time before sowing, complete covering film and drilling process with machine for punching overlay film is disposable, specification is, aperture 1-1.5cm, pitch-row 10cm, sown scope 10cm.Rear employing artificial seeding, is sprinkled into 4-5 grain seed, after planting covers the fine sand of one deck 1-2cm in each hole, and covers the thick crops straw of 2-3cm, reduces soil water evaporation, increases soil moisture in seedbed, and the direct projection of the prevention fine day sun, affects seed and root.(5) seedling management: 1. thinning: broadcasting rear general 5-7d can germinate, when the coming up of 40%-50%, removes the crops straw that bed surface covers in batches.During height of seedling 5-7cm, carry out the 1st thinning, every cave retains 2-3 strain.As height of seedling 10-15cm, carry out the 2nd thinning and final singling, every cave retains 1 strain, to reduce the nutrition contention between nursery stock, improves amount of growth.2. irrigation fertilization: before emerging, can not water cover-head flood during soil drought, in order to avoid soil compaction or wash away seed.When the seedbed soil moisture content of lid grass is not enough, moisture in the soil can be mended directly to watering on covering.After thinning, watering and topdress can in conjunction with carrying out, and the general 6-7 month can impose composite fertilizer 8-12kg/667m 2, topdress continuously 2-3 time (apply fertilizer every minor tick 15 days).3. bud picking pruning American elm nursery stock easily sends many side shoots then, after seedling-height growth enters Fast-growing stage, produces lateral bud in a large number, and extracts side shoot out, can carry out 2-3 bud picking, to reduce the consumption of nutrient, increases high girth growth, improves seedling quality.Can bud picking be stopped at the beginning of 8 months, reserve part side shoot, be beneficial to top tip lignification; 4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: American elm is subject to Tyrrhalta aenescens harm, can spray 0.067% beta-cypermethrin control.Easily there is damping off in Seedling Stage, can spray 0.167% carbendazim prevention, every 15 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3 times.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: American elm seed seedling-raising adopts ridging overlay film to improve plant percent, but also can improve the amount of growth of nursery stock, extends vegetative period.American elm ridging overlay film nursery nursery stock average survival can reach 94.7%, improves 5.4% and 13.1% respectively than large field tectorial membrane nursery and field seedling raising; Height increment of seedlings improves 37.1% and 52% respectively, and height growth improves 32.8% and 53.5% respectively; The seedling growth phase extends 8 days and 13 days respectively.
Embodiment
(1) seed collection: in arid and semiarid region of Northwest China, American elm seed mid-May to early June is ripe.Time ripe, samara becomes light yellow or yellow-white from green, and middle part is swelled, and now should collect seed in time.Seed collecting elite stand selects the stalwartness tree of life in 15 ~ 30 years as well.In the indoor airing 15 days of ventilation and penetrating light, ensure sowing in time after the abundant after-ripening of seed, otherwise reduce germination rate.(2) selection of nursery and whole: nursery should select water source, draining good, thicker soil, fertile sandy loam or loam ground.First autumn in year is ploughed deeply 20-30cm, organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg/666.7m in nursery wholely 2, diammonium phosphate 15-18kg/667m 2.Irrigation before seeding, ridge culture of getting up, row spacing 50cm, ridge height 15-18cm, ridge length is determined according to plot, accomplishes that soil is in small, broken bits smooth, sprays the copperas solution 18-22kg/667m of 3% before ridge culture of getting up 2carry out soil disinfection, and overlay film, in order to sowing.(3) seed treatment: American elm seed generally need not process, can directly sow.But for improving emergence rate and amount of growth, available ABT6 root-inducing powder 50ppm aqueous solution seed soaking 1-2 hour, pulls seed draining out and dries, can sow.(4) sow: time before sowing, complete covering film and drilling process with machine for punching overlay film is disposable, specification is, aperture 1-1.5cm, pitch-row 10cm, sown scope 10cm.Rear employing artificial seeding, is sprinkled into 4-5 grain seed, after planting covers the fine sand of one deck 1-2cm in each hole, and covers the thick crops straw of 2-3cm, reduces soil water evaporation, increases soil moisture in seedbed, and the direct projection of the prevention fine day sun, affects seed and root.(5) seedling management: 1. thinning: broadcasting rear general 5-7d can germinate, when the coming up of 40%-50%, removes the crops straw that bed surface covers in batches.During height of seedling 5-7cm, carry out the 1st thinning, every cave retains 2-3 strain.As height of seedling 10-15cm, carry out the 2nd thinning and final singling, every cave retains 1 strain, to reduce the nutrition contention between nursery stock, improves amount of growth.2. irrigation fertilization: before emerging, can not water cover-head flood during soil drought, in order to avoid soil compaction or wash away seed.When the seedbed soil moisture content of lid grass is not enough, moisture in the soil can be mended directly to watering on covering.After thinning, watering and topdress can in conjunction with carrying out, and the general 6-7 month can impose composite fertilizer 8-12kg/667m 2, topdress 2-3 time continuously, apply fertilizer every minor tick 15 days; 3. bud picking is pruned: American elm nursery stock easily sends many side shoots then, after seedling-height growth enters Fast-growing stage, produces lateral bud in a large number, and extracts side shoot out, can carry out 2-3 bud picking, to reduce the consumption of nutrient, increases high girth growth, improves seedling quality.Can bud picking be stopped at the beginning of 8 months, reserve part side shoot, be beneficial to top tip lignification; 4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: American elm is subject to Tyrrhalta aenescens harm, can spray 0.067% beta-cypermethrin control.Easily there is damping off in Seedling Stage, can spray 0.167% carbendazim prevention, every 15 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3 times.

Claims (2)

1. an American elm ridging overlay film program request seedling growing process method, is characterized in that: described seedling growing process method adopts following steps to realize:
(1) seed collection: in arid and semiarid region of Northwest China, American elm seed mid-May to early June is ripe, time ripe, samara becomes light yellow or yellow-white from green, and middle part is swelled, and now should collect seed in time, the stalwartness tree that seed collecting elite stand selects 15-30 raw as well, in the indoor airing 15 days of ventilation and penetrating light, ensure sowing in time after the abundant after-ripening of seed, otherwise reduce germination rate;
(2) selection of nursery and whole: nursery should select water source, draining good, thicker soil, fertile sandy loam or loam ground; First autumn in year is ploughed deeply 20-30cm, organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg/666.7m in nursery wholely 2, diammonium phosphate 15-18kg/667m 2; Irrigation before seeding, ridge culture of getting up, row spacing 50cm, ridge height 15-18cm, ridge length is determined according to plot, accomplishes that soil is in small, broken bits smooth, sprays the copperas solution 18-22kg/667m of 3% before ridge culture of getting up 2carry out soil disinfection, and overlay film, in order to sowing; Seed treatment: American elm seed generally need not process, can directly sow, but for improving emergence rate and amount of growth, available ABT6 root-inducing powder 50ppm aqueous solution seed soaking 1-2 hour, pulls seed draining out and dry, can sow; Sowing: time before sowing, complete covering film and drilling process with machine for punching overlay film is disposable, specification is, aperture 1-1.5cm, pitch-row 10cm, sown scope 10cm, rear employing artificial seeding, be sprinkled into 4-5 grain seed in each hole, after planting cover the fine sand of one deck 1-2cm, and cover the thick crops straw of 2-3cm, reduce soil water evaporation, increase soil moisture in seedbed, the direct projection of the prevention fine day sun, affects seed and roots.
2. seedling management: 1. thinning: broadcasting latter general 5-7 days can germinate, when the coming up of 40%-50%, the crops straw that bed surface covers is removed in batches, during height of seedling 5-7cm, carries out the 1st thinning, every cave retains 2-3 strain, as height of seedling 10-15cm, carry out the 2nd thinning and final singling, every cave retains 1 strain, to reduce the nutrition contention between nursery stock, improve amount of growth; 2. irrigation fertilization: before emerging, can not water cover-head flood during soil drought, in order to avoid soil compaction or wash away seed, when the seedbed soil moisture content of lid grass is not enough, moisture in the soil can be mended, after thinning directly to watering on covering, watering and topdress can in conjunction with carrying out, and the general 6-7 month can impose composite fertilizer 8-12kg/667m 2, topdress 2-3 time continuously, apply fertilizer every minor tick 15 days; 3. bud picking is pruned, American elm nursery stock easily sends many side shoots then, after seedling-height growth enters Fast-growing stage, produces lateral bud in a large number, and extract side shoot out, can 2-3 bud picking be carried out, to reduce the consumption of nutrient, increase high girth growth, improve seedling quality, can bud picking be stopped at the beginning of 8 months, reserve part side shoot, be beneficial to top tip lignification; 4. the extermination of disease and insect pest: American elm is subject to Tyrrhalta aenescens harm, can spray 0.067% beta-cypermethrin control, easily there is damping off in Seedling Stage, can spray 0.167% carbendazim prevention, every 15 days 1 time, continuous spraying 3 times.
CN201510667615.4A 2015-10-16 2015-10-16 Technical method for ridging, film-covering, hill-seeding and seedling cultivation of ulmuspumila Pending CN105359906A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107155668A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-09-15 段银凤 A kind of breeding method of the small micro- potted landscape of elm crab rooting
CN108966995A (en) * 2018-06-18 2018-12-11 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 A kind of tribute mandarin orange seeding growing seedlings method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130152465A1 (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Zhan-Wen Liao Methods for Rapidly Growing A Tree
CN104396668A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-11 苏州市吴中区光福香雪苗圃 Planting method for elms

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130152465A1 (en) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 Zhan-Wen Liao Methods for Rapidly Growing A Tree
CN104396668A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-11 苏州市吴中区光福香雪苗圃 Planting method for elms

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘亚民: "白榆播种育苗与造林技术", 《河北林业科技》 *
徐发辉: "祁连山区白榆起垄覆膜点播育苗技术", 《农林科技》 *
韩永志: "平原农区白榆播种育苗技术", 《山西林业》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107155668A (en) * 2017-05-22 2017-09-15 段银凤 A kind of breeding method of the small micro- potted landscape of elm crab rooting
CN108966995A (en) * 2018-06-18 2018-12-11 钟山佳园生态农业有限公司 A kind of tribute mandarin orange seeding growing seedlings method

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Application publication date: 20160302