CN105336723A - 半导体模块、半导体模块组件及半导体装置 - Google Patents
半导体模块、半导体模块组件及半导体装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及半导体模块、半导体模块组件及半导体装置,其中的一种半导体模块,其包括多个导电顶板、导电基板、设置于导电基板上的多个半导体芯片、第一电源连接板、第二电源连接板及电绝缘外壳元件。多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触;每个半导体芯片包括与导电基板电性耦合的第一电极及与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第二电极;第一电源连接板具有多个凸出部,多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触。第二电源连接板与导电基板电性接触,电绝缘外壳元件用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起,该电绝缘外壳元件开设有至少一个开口。本发明还提供一种半导体模块组件及半导体装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电子技术领域,特别涉及一种半导体模块、半导体模块组件及半导体装置。
背景技术
目前,大部分的石油和天然气开发是在深度为1000米的海域进行。由于渐增的能量需求,近海油气开发正移进更深水域,例如深度为3000米的海底。为了确保有效和安全的生产,电力变换器(powerelectronicconverter)被安装在海底并且需要承受海底的高压力环境。
在目前的近海油气开发中,通常的做法是电力变换器被安装于能够承受处于一定深度的海域之水压力的容器内。然而,随着电力变换器的额定功率的增大以及海底深度的增加,上述容器的壁厚需要增大以承受随着深度增加而增大的海底水压力,然而容器的壁厚增大将导致容器的体积变得庞大以及重量增加,这对于上述容器安装于海底是不利的。上述随深度增加而增大的海底水压力可能会导致电力变换器中的半导体芯片因压力过大而损坏。
另外,为了实现电力变换器与海洋环境的隔离,上述容器需要密封,在一种示例中,可通过密封胶来实现对容器的密封。然而由于海底深度不断增加而导致容器的外部压力不断增大,进而导致容器的内外压力差不断增大;上述增大的内外压力差作用于实现密封功能的密封胶上,容易导致上述密封胶损坏,也即增大了对容器进行密封的难度。
发明内容
现在归纳本发明的一个或多个方面以便于本发明的基本理解,其中该归纳并不是本发明的扩展性纵览,且并非旨在标识本发明的某些要素,也并非旨在划出其范围。相反,该归纳的主要目的是在下文呈现更详细的描述之前用简化形式呈现本发明的一些概念。
本发明的一个方面,在于提供一种半导体模块。该半导体模块包括多个导电顶板,导电基板,多个半导体芯片,第一电源连接板,第二电源连接板及电绝缘外壳元件。多个半导体芯片设置于导电基板上,多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触,每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极。第一电源连接板具有多个凸出部,该多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触。第二电源连接板与导电基板电性接触。电绝缘外壳元件用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起,该电绝缘外壳元件开设有至少一个开口。
本发明的另一个方面,在于提供一种半导体模块组件。该半导体模块组件包括至少两个半导体模块及至少一个电源互连板。每个半导体模块包括多个导电顶板,导电基板,多个半导体芯片,第一电源连接板,第二电源连接板及电绝缘外壳元件。多个半导体芯片设置于导电基板上,多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触。每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极。第一电源连接板具有多个凸出部,多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触。第二电源连接板与导电基板电性接触。电绝缘外壳元件用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起,电绝缘外壳元件开设有至少一个开口。至少一个电源互连板电性接触于至少两个半导体模块中的一个半导体模块所包括的第二电源连接板与至少两个半导体模块中的另外一个半导体模块所包括的第一电源连接板之间。
本发明的另一个方面,在于提供一种半导体装置。半导体装置包括半导体模块。半导体模块包括多个导电顶板,导电基板,多个半导体芯片,第一电源连接板,第二电源连接板及电绝缘外壳元件。
多个半导体芯片设置于导电基板上,多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触,每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极。第一电源连接板具有多个凸出部,多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触。第二电源连接板与导电基板电性接触。电绝缘外壳元件用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起。该半导体装置是密封的,该半导体装置的内部空间充满绝缘液体。当半导体装置的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体装置的温度发生变化时,该半导体装置的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体的体积变化。
本发明提供的半导体模块、半导体模块组件及半导体装置,当半导体装置的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差时,可以通过补偿绝缘液体的体积变化的方式,使得半导体模块的内外压力差达到平衡,可以有效地防止半导体模块因压力过大而损坏。
附图说明
通过结合附图对于本发明的实施方式进行描述,可以更好地理解本发明,在附图中:
图1为一种实施方式的半导体模块的截面侧视图。
图2为一种实施方式的半导体模块组件的截面侧视图。
图3为第一种实施方式的半导体装置的截面侧视图。
图4为第二种实施方式的半导体装置的截面侧视图。
具体实施方式
以下将描述本发明的具体实施方式,需要指出的是,在这些实施方式的具体描述过程中,为了进行简明扼要的描述,本说明书不可能对实际的实施方式的所有特征均作详尽的描述。应当可以理解的是,在任意一种实施方式的实际实施过程中,正如在任意一个工程项目或者设计项目的过程中,为了实现开发者的具体目标,为了满足系统相关的或者商业相关的限制,常常会做出各种各样的具体决策,而这也会从一种实施方式到另一种实施方式之间发生改变。此外,还可以理解的是,虽然这种开发过程中所作出的努力可能是复杂并且冗长的,然而对于与本发明公开的内容相关的本领域的普通技术人员而言,在本公开揭露的技术内容的基础上进行的一些设计,制造或者生产等变更只是常规的技术手段,不应当理解为本公开的内容不充分。
除非另作定义,权利要求书和说明书中使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属技术领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“一个”或者“一”等类似词语并不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同元件,并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电气的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。
请参阅图1,其为一种实施方式的半导体模块100的截面侧视图。半导体模块100包括第一电源连接板10、多个导电顶板12、多个半导体芯片14、导电基板15、第二电源连接板16及电绝缘外壳元件18。
在此需要说明的是,虽然图1中显示多个导电顶板12及多个半导体芯片14的数量均为三个,但是在非限定示例中,多个导电顶板12及多个半导体芯片14的数量均可以是二个或三个以上。
第一电源连接板10具有多个凸出部102。同样地,虽然图1中显示多个凸出部102的数量为三个,但是在非限定示例中,多个凸出部102的数量均可以是二个或三个以上。
多个导电顶板12分别与多个凸出部102电性接触。
多个半导体芯片14设置于导电基板15上。多个半导体芯片14分别与多个导电顶板12接触。在非限定的实施例中,每个半导体芯片14包括第一电极及第二电极,第一电极与对应的导电顶板12电性耦合,第二电极与导电基板15电性耦合。在一种实施方式中,每个导电顶板12及导电基板15均是由铜制成的。
第二电源连接板16与导电基板15电性接触。
电绝缘外壳元件18用于将第一电源连接板12及第二电源连接板16结合在一起。电绝缘外壳元件18开设有两个开口180、182。在其他实施方式中,电绝缘外壳元件18仅开设有一个开口。
两个开口180、182与柔性管25流体相通。在一种非限定的应用示例中,半导体模块100应用于海底的电力变换器中,该海底的深度可以是3000米,相对应地半导体模块100需要承受相当于300个大气压的海底水压力。
半导体模块100的内部空间充满绝缘液体90,绝缘液体90用于实现电绝缘及冷却的功能。在一个非限定的示例中,绝缘液体90包括但不限于硅油、矿物油(mineraloils)、合成油(syntheticoils)及有机脂(organicesters)。
当半导体模块100的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体模块100的温度发生变化时,柔性管25的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体90的体积变化。
具体地,当半导体模块100处于海底的高压力环境(例如处于3000米的海底,相对应的需要承受相当于300个大气压的水压力)时,半导体模块25的外部压力大于内部压力,柔性管25的体积减小,使得绝缘液体90从柔性管25进入半导体模块100的内部空间。又由于绝缘液体90在高压力环境下可以提供1%-2%的形变量,因此,半导体模块100的内部空间所充满的绝缘液体90处于压缩状态,使得半导体模块100的内部压力适当增大;可以抵抗半导体模块100的外部压力,使得半导体模块100的内外压力达到平衡。这样可以避免设置于导电顶板12与导电基板15之间的半导体模块100由于压力过大而损坏。
当半导体模块100由于通电工作导致发热,使得半导体模块100的温度大于预定温度时;该绝缘液体90从半导体模块100的内部空间进入柔性管25,使得柔性管25的体积增大。因此,可以避免半导体模块100的内部空间所充满的绝缘液体90由于温度升高处于膨胀状态而导致损坏半导体模块100。
进一步地,在非限定的实施例中,半导体模块100还包括多个弹簧20、栅极电路板22及绝缘层24。在此需要说明的是,虽然图1中显示多个弹簧20的数量是三个,但是在非限定示例中,多个弹簧20的数量可以是二个或三个以上。另外,弹簧20的数量还可以是一个。
每个半导体芯片14还包括第三电极。在此需要说明的是,第一电极与第三电极之间是非电性连接的,也即绝缘的。
多个弹簧20中的每个弹簧20电性接触于栅极电路板22与多个半导体芯片14中的各自一个半导体芯片14的第三电极之间,绝缘层24设置于第一电源连接板10与栅极电路板22之间。在一个非限定的示例中,绝缘层24通过绝缘螺丝固定于第一电源连接板10上。
多个弹簧20的主要作用是起导电作用,也即每个弹簧20将栅极电路板22与多个半导体芯片14中的各自一个半导体芯片14的第三电极电性连接。多个弹簧20的辅助作用是对栅极电路板22起支撑作用。
在一个非限定的示例中,多个导电顶板12、多个半导体芯片14、导电基板15、多个弹簧20、栅极电路板22及绝缘层24设置于第一电源连接板10与第二电源连接板16之间,导电基板15、每个半导体芯片14、多个导电顶板12中的各自一个导电顶板12在从第二电源连接板16到第一电源连接板10的方向上依次排列。
在非限定的实施例中,每个半导体芯片14可以是绝缘栅双极型晶体管(InsulatedGateBipolarTransistor,IGBT)或者金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MetalOxideSemiconductorFieldEffectTransistor,MOSFET)。每个半导体芯片14以IGBT为例进行说明,第三电极可为栅极,第一电极可为集电极,第二电极可为发射极。当第一电源连接板10连接正极电压,第二电源连接板16连接负极电压,以及栅极电路板22给每个半导体芯片14的第三电极提供栅极驱动电压(也即半导体模块100通电工作)时,每个半导体芯片14呈导通状态。
相类似的,在另外一个非限定的实施例中,半导体模块100不包括栅极电路板22及绝缘层24,相对应地,每个半导体芯片14不包括第三电极;每个半导体芯片14可以是二极管(diode),第一电极可为阳极,第二电极可为阴极。当第一电源连接板10连接正极电压并且第二电源连接板16连接负极电压(也即半导体模块100通电工作)时,每个半导体芯片14呈导通状态。
进一步地,半导体模块100还包括多个第一接合层(firstadhesivelayer)145及多个第二接合层146。在非限定的示例中,每个第一接合层145及每个第二接合层146均为焊锡。在此需要说明的是,虽然图1中显示多个第一接合层145及多个第二接合层146的数量均为三个,但是在非限定示例中,多个第一接合层145及多个第二接合层146的数量均可以是二个或三个以上。
每个第一接合层145设置于多个半导体芯片14中的各自一个半导体芯片14与多个导电顶板12中的各自一个导电顶板12之间,以提高两者之间的电连接性能。
每个第二接合层146设置于导电基板15与多个半导体芯片14中的各自一个半导体芯片14之间,以提高两者之间的电连接性能。
请参阅图2,其为一种实施方式的半导体模块组件200的截面侧视图。该半导体模块组件200包括至少两个半导体模块100及至少一个电源互连板202。上述至少两个半导体模块100中的每个半导体模块100与图1所示半导体模块100是相同的,在此不再赘述。
在此需要说明的是,虽然图2中显示半导体模块100的数量为3个,以及电源互连板202的数量为2个;但是在非限定示例中,半导体模块100的数量可以是2个或者3个以上,电源互连板202的数量可以1个或者2个以上。
至少一个电源互连板202接触于至少两个半导体模块100中的一个半导体模块100所包括的第二电源连接板16与至少两个半导体模块100中的另外一个半导体模块100所包括的第一电源连接板10之间,以实现多个半导体模块的级联。
与图1所示半导体模块100类似,图2所示每个半导体模块100的至少一个开口包括第一开口180及第二开口182,至少两个半导体模块100中的每个半导体模块100所包括的第一开口180及第二开口182与回路式柔性管204流体相通。
每个半导体模块100的内部空间充满绝缘液体90;当每个半导体模块100的外部压力与内部压力之间具有压力差或者每个半导体模块100的温度发生变化时,该回路式柔性管204的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体90的体积变化。
具体地,当每个半导体模块100的外部压力大于内部压力时,该回路式柔性管204的体积减小,使得绝缘液体90从回路式柔性管204进入每个半导体模块的内部空间,以实现半导体模块100的内外压力平衡。
当每个半导体模块100的温度大于预定温度时,该绝缘液体90从每个半导体模块100的内部空间进入回路式柔性管204,使得回路式柔性管204的体积增大,可以避免半导体模块100的内部空间所充满的绝缘液体90由于温度升高处于膨胀状态而导致损坏半导体模块100。
请一并参阅图3,其为第一种实施方式的半导体装置300的截面侧视图。图3所示半导体装置300与图1所示半导体模块100的区别在于:图3所示半导体装置300是密封的,图3所示半导体装置300所包括的电绝缘外壳元件18没有开设两个开口180、182,图3所示半导体装置300还包括柔性件302,该柔性件302设置于电绝缘外壳元件18上。
在非限定的示例中,柔性件302可以由金属或其他可以发生形变的材料制成。金属可以是质地偏软的金属,容易发生形变。其他材料可以是复合材料,例如塑料。
半导体装置300的内部空间充满绝缘液体90;当半导体装置300的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体装置300的温度发生变化时,该半导体装置300的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体90的体积变化。
具体地,当半导体装置300的外部压力大于内部压力时,该柔性件302发生形变,使得半导体装置300的体积减小,进而导致绝缘液体90的体积被压缩(绝缘液体90在高压力环境下可以提供1%-2%的形变量);使得半导体装置300的内部压力适当增大;可以抵抗半导体装置300的外部压力,使得半导体装置300的内外压力达到平衡。这样可以避免设置于导电顶板12与导电基板15之间的半导体芯片14由于压力过大而损坏。
当半导体装置300由于通电工作导致发热,使得半导体装置300的温度大于预定温度时;该柔性件302发生形变,使得半导体装置300的体积增大。因而,可以避免半导体装置300的内部空间所充满的绝缘液体90由于温度升高处于膨胀状态而导致损坏半导体装置300。
请一并参阅图4,其为第二种实施方式的半导体装置400的截面侧视图。图4所示半导体装置400与图1所示半导体模块100的区别在于:图4所示半导体装置400是密封的,图4所示半导体模块100a所包括的电绝缘外壳元件18仅开设有一个开口185,图4所示半导体装置400还包括柔性单元402,该柔性单元402与开口185流体相通。
在非限定的示例中,柔性单元402可由金属制成。金属可以是质地偏软的金属,容易发生形变。
半导体装置400的内部空间充满绝缘液体90;当半导体装置400的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体装置400的温度发生变化时,该半导体装置400的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体90的体积变化。
具体地,当半导体装置400的外部压力大于内部压力时,该柔性单元402的体积减小,使得绝缘液体90从柔性单元402进入半导体模块100a的内部空间;使得半导体模块100a内的绝缘液体90被压缩,从而可以避免设置于导电顶板12与导电基板15之间的半导体芯片14由于压力过大而损坏。
当半导体装置400的温度大于预定温度时,该绝缘液体90从半导体模块100a的内部空间进入柔性单元402,使得柔性单元402的体积增大。因而,可以避免半导体装置400的内部空间所充满的绝缘液体90由于温度升高处于膨胀状态而导致损坏半导体装置400。
虽然结合特定的实施方式对本发明进行了说明,但本领域的技术人员可以理解,对本发明可以作出许多修改和变型。因此,要认识到,权利要求书的意图在于覆盖在本发明真正构思和范围内的所有这些修改和变型。
Claims (14)
1.一种半导体模块,其包括:
多个导电顶板;
导电基板;
设置于导电基板上的多个半导体芯片,该多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触;每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极;
第一电源连接板,其具有多个凸出部;该多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触;
第二电源连接板,其与导电基板电性接触;及
电绝缘外壳元件,用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起,该电绝缘外壳元件开设有至少一个开口。
2.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于:该半导体模块的内部空间充满绝缘液体,该至少一个开口与柔性管流体相通;当半导体模块的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体模块的温度发生变化时,该柔性管的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体的体积变化。
3.如权利要求2所述的半导体模块,其特征在于:当半导体模块的外部压力大于内部压力时,该柔性管的体积减小,使得绝缘液体从柔性管进入半导体模块的内部空间;当半导体模块的温度大于预定温度时,该绝缘液体从半导体模块的内部空间进入柔性管,使得柔性管的体积增大。
4.如权利要求1所述的半导体模块,其特征在于:该半导体模块还包括栅极电路板、绝缘层及一个或多个弹簧,每个半导体芯片还包括第三电极,该一个或多个弹簧中的每个弹簧电性接触于栅极电路板与多个半导体芯片中的各自一个半导体芯片的第三电极之间,该绝缘层设置于第一电源连接板与栅极电路板之间。
5.如权利要求4所述的半导体模块,其特征在于:该多个导电顶板、导电基板、多个半导体芯片、栅极电路板、绝缘层及一个或多个弹簧设置于第一电源连接板与第二电源连接板之间。
6.一种半导体模块组件,其包括:
至少两个半导体模块;及
至少一个电源互连板;
每个半导体模块包括:
多个导电顶板;
导电基板;
设置于导电基板上的多个半导体芯片,该多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触;每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极;
第一电源连接板,其具有多个凸出部;该多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触;
第二电源连接板,其与导电基板电性接触;及
电绝缘外壳元件,用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起,该电绝缘外壳元件开设有至少一个开口;
其中,至少一个电源互连板电性接触于至少两个半导体模块中的一个半导体模块所包括的第二电源连接板与至少两个半导体模块中的另外一个半导体模块所包括的第一电源连接板之间。
7.如权利要求6所述的半导体模块组件,其特征在于:每个半导体模块的至少一个开口包括第一开口及第二开口,该至少两个半导体模块中的每个半导体模块所包括的第一开口及第二开口与回路式柔性管流体相通。
8.如权利要求7所述的半导体模块组件,其特征在于:每个半导体模块的内部空间充满绝缘液体;当每个半导体模块的外部压力与内部压力之间具有压力差或者每个半导体模块的温度发生变化时,该回路式柔性管的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体的体积变化。
9.如权利要求8所述的半导体模块组件,其特征在于:当每个半导体模块的外部压力大于内部压力时,该回路式柔性管的体积减小,使得绝缘液体从回路式柔性管进入每个半导体模块的内部空间;当每个半导体模块的温度大于预定温度时,该绝缘液体从每个半导体模块的内部空间进入回路式柔性管,使得回路式柔性管的体积增大。
10.如权利要求6所述的半导体模块组件,其特征在于:每个半导体模块还包括栅极电路板、绝缘层及一个或多个弹簧;每个半导体芯片还包括第三电极,该一个或多个弹簧中的每个弹簧电性接触于栅极电路板与多个半导体芯片中的各自一个半导体芯片的第三电极之间;该绝缘层设置于第一电源连接板与栅极电路板之间。
11.一种半导体装置,其包括:
半导体模块,该半导体模块包括:
多个导电顶板;
导电基板;
设置于导电基板上的多个半导体芯片,该多个半导体芯片分别与多个导电顶板接触;每个半导体芯片包括与对应导电顶板电性耦合的第一电极及与导电基板电性耦合的第二电极;
第一电源连接板,其具有多个凸出部;该多个凸出部分别与多个导电顶板电性接触;
第二电源连接板,其与导电基板电性接触;及
电绝缘外壳元件,用于将第一电源连接板及第二电源连接板结合在一起;
该半导体装置是密封的,该半导体装置的内部空间充满绝缘液体;当半导体装置的外部压力和内部压力之间具有压力差或者半导体装置的温度发生变化时,该半导体装置的体积被改变以用于补偿绝缘液体的体积变化。
12.如权利要求11所述的半导体装置,其特征在于:该半导体装置还包括柔性单元;该电绝缘外壳元件开设有开口,该开口与柔性单元流体相通;当半导体装置的外部压力大于内部压力时,该柔性单元的体积减小,使得绝缘液体从柔性单元进入半导体模块的内部空间;当半导体装置的温度大于预定温度时,该绝缘液体从半导体模块的内部空间进入柔性单元,使得柔性单元的体积增大。
13.如权利要求11所述的半导体装置,其特征在于:该半导体装置还包括柔性件,该柔性件设置于电绝缘外壳元件上;当半导体装置的外部压力大于内部压力时,该柔性件发生形变,使得半导体装置的体积减小;当半导体装置的温度大于预定温度时,该柔性件发生形变,使得半导体装置的体积增大。
14.如权利要求11所述的半导体装置,其特征在于:该半导体模块还包括栅极电路板、绝缘层及一个或多个弹簧,每个半导体芯片还包括第三电极,一个或多个弹簧中的每个弹簧电性接触于栅极电路板与多个半导体芯片中的各自一个半导体芯片的第三电极之间;该绝缘层设置于第一电源连接板与栅极电路板之间。
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