CN105272390A - Cow and sheep manure fermentation method - Google Patents
Cow and sheep manure fermentation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105272390A CN105272390A CN201510695527.5A CN201510695527A CN105272390A CN 105272390 A CN105272390 A CN 105272390A CN 201510695527 A CN201510695527 A CN 201510695527A CN 105272390 A CN105272390 A CN 105272390A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cow and sheep manure fermentation method. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), screening; (2), primary fermentation; (3), fermentation; (4), detection. Cow and sheep manure is completely fermented with the cow and sheep manure fermentation method, the phenomenon that seedlings are dewatered due to secondary fermentation of the cow and sheep manure applied to soil is avoided, besides, a product seldom contains sick worm eggs, bacteria and weed seeds, harmless treatment of the cow and sheep manure is realized basically, and the quality and the yield of crops are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of fermentation process, particularly relate to a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method.
Background technology:
Existing cattle and sheep manure fermentation method mainly contains bar buttress formula fermentation process and static buttress formula fermentation process, bar buttress formula fermentation process raw mixture is piled long strip shape or a buttress, natural ventilation is coordinated to maintain the aerobic state piled in body by the regular turning of artificial or mechanical mode, decomposing under aerobic conditions, is a kind of common aerobic fermentation method; But, existing bar buttress formula fermentation process Problems existing is that relative stacking height is inadequate, in buttress, temperature is slow, small-sized turnover throwing machine is turning in throwing process and completely stacking skin and stacking edge cattle and sheep excrement can not ploughed under stacking central authorities, make fermentation uniformity coefficient inadequate, there are disease worm's ovum, bacterium, weed seed etc. in the cattle and sheep excrement after fermentation, ferments not thorough, easily there is soil-borne disease after using in crop, affects crops quality and output.Compared with piling up neatly formula fermentation process with bar, static buttress formula fermentation process does not carry out the turning of material in composting process, more effectively can guarantee that heap body reaches a high temperature and pathogen reduction, composting cycle shortens, but, static buttress formula fermentation process processing power is limited, is difficult to the maximization process meeting cattle and sheep manure fermentation.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method.
The present invention is implemented by following technical scheme: a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method, and it comprises the steps: (1) to screen; (2) just fermentation; (3) ferment; (4) detect.
Further, (1) described step screens: select sediment concentration to be less than the cattle and sheep excrement of 15% as raw material, sediment concentration can affect the reproduction speed of microorganism, and the reproduction speed of sediment concentration more high microorganism is slower, and the time therefore needed for cattle and sheep manure fermentation is longer; Sediment concentration height directly can affect the fermentation calefaction in later stage, affects the harmless treatment of described cattle and sheep excrement;
Described step is just fermentation (2): amassed by the described cattle and sheep dunghill screened, and add natural pond liquid to described cattle and sheep excrement, until moisture content reaches 40%-50%, carries out just fermentation; Every 3-5 days, polishing working is turned over to described cattle and sheep excrement, and carry out thermometric monitoring, until described cattle and sheep excrement reaches and carries out described step after more than 30 DEG C and (3) ferment; Carry out under physical environment, main dependence is turned in throwing process and is inputted oxygen, and aerobic microbiological has carried out oxygen metabolism and produced heat when oxygen abundance;
(3) described step ferments: the described cattle and sheep excrement after described just fermentation is piled into the wide 4.7m-5.3m of buttress, the long pile of height of embankment 1.8m-2.2m carries out fermentation and thermometric is monitored; Carry out turning over polishing working, to ensure the sufficient supplies of oxygen, until temperature reaches 40 DEG C when monitoring described cattle and sheep excrement temperature and declining; Then every day throwing is turned over once to described cattle and sheep excrement, until buttress temperature rise is to 60-70 DEG C, ensure that oxygen supply makes microorganism Fast-propagation, microorganism amount reproduction produces heat, make buttress temperature rise to 60-70 DEG C, and then reach the object of killing weed seed, pathogenic micro-organism, roundworm egg, realize harmless treatment; Within every two days afterwards, turn over throwing once to described cattle and sheep excrement, until temperature drops to less than 20 DEG C, moisture will drop to less than 30%, and can also kill the residual microorganism of part;
(4) described step detects: first carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence to the described cattle and sheep excrement in described step (3) fermenting process and detect, and three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproof continuations and ferment; Again carry out described organoleptic detection, described Physico-chemical tests and described rate of emergence after fermentation ends to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detect the underproof cattle and sheep of interpolation again excrement raw material, (2) repeating said steps just ferments, described step is (3) fermented and (4) described step detects; Described organoleptic detection: it is qualified that the color detecting the described cattle and sheep excrement after described fermentation is black or black gray expandable, odorless is organoleptic detection; Described Physico-chemical tests: detect moisture and organic matter in the described cattle and sheep excrement after described fermentation according to NY525-2012, Physico-chemical tests is qualified when sample moisture content≤30% of each sampling spot, organic deviation≤1%; Described rate of emergence detects and adopts than more sensitive Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed as Tests Seeds, by fermentation complete described cattle and sheep excrement take 10g add in 50ml distilled water soak 12 hours, extract supernatant liquor in plate, add 20 seeds, cultivate under 25 DEG C of constant temperature and observe for 48 hours, described rate of emergence reaches more than 50%, and to be germination percentage test qualified, illustrates that stacking becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, achieve harmless treatment, to the germination toxicological harmless effect of seed.
Advantage of the present invention: the cattle and sheep manure fermentation utilizing a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation of the present invention method to ferment is thorough, there will not be Secondary Fermentation and then generation to burn the phenomenon of seedling after product is manured into soil; And the sick worm's ovum of product, bacterium, weed seed are few, substantially reach the harmless treatment of cattle and sheep excrement, effectively can improve the Quality and yield of crop.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation of the present invention method schematic diagram.
Embodiment:
embodiment 1: a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method, it comprises the steps: (1) to screen; (2) just fermentation; (3) ferment; (4) detect.
(1) step screens: select sediment concentration to be less than the cattle and sheep excrement of 15% as raw material, sediment concentration can affect the reproduction speed of microorganism, and the reproduction speed of sediment concentration more high microorganism is slower, and the time therefore needed for cattle and sheep manure fermentation is longer; Sediment concentration height directly can affect the fermentation calefaction in later stage, affects the harmless treatment of cattle and sheep excrement;
Step is just fermentation (2): amassed by the cattle and sheep dunghill screened, and add natural pond liquid to cattle and sheep excrement, until moisture content reaches 50%, carries out just fermentation; Every 5 days, polishing working is turned over to cattle and sheep excrement, and carry out thermometric monitoring, until cattle and sheep excrement reaches and carries out step after more than 30 DEG C and (3) ferment; Carry out under physical environment, main dependence is turned in throwing process and is inputted oxygen, and aerobic microbiological has carried out oxygen metabolism and produced heat when oxygen abundance;
(3) step ferments: the cattle and sheep excrement after just fermentation is piled into the wide 5.3m of buttress, the long pile of height of embankment 2.2m carries out fermentation and thermometric is monitored; Carry out turning over polishing working, to ensure the sufficient supplies of oxygen, until temperature reaches 40 DEG C when monitoring cattle and sheep excrement temperature and declining; Then every day throwing is turned over once to cattle and sheep excrement, until buttress temperature rise is to 60-70 DEG C, ensure that oxygen supply makes microorganism Fast-propagation, microorganism amount reproduction produces heat, make buttress temperature rise to 60-70 DEG C, and then reach the object of killing weed seed, pathogenic micro-organism, roundworm egg, realize harmless treatment; Within every two days afterwards, turn over throwing once to cattle and sheep excrement, until temperature drops to less than 20 DEG C, moisture will drop to less than 30%, and can also kill the residual microorganism of part.
First carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence to the cattle and sheep excrement in step (3) fermenting process to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproof continuations and ferment; Again carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence after fermentation ends to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproofly again to add cattle and sheep excrement raw material, and repeating step (2) just fermentation, step is (3) fermented and (4) step detects; Organoleptic detection: it is qualified that the color detecting the cattle and sheep excrement after fermentation is black or black gray expandable, odorless is organoleptic detection; Physico-chemical tests: according to the moisture in the cattle and sheep excrement after NY525-2012 detection fermentation and organic matter, Physico-chemical tests is qualified when sample moisture content≤30% of each sampling spot, organic deviation≤1%; Rate of emergence detects and adopts than more sensitive Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed as Tests Seeds, by fermentation complete cattle and sheep excrement take 10g add in 50ml distilled water soak 12 hours, extract supernatant liquor in plate, add 20 seeds, cultivate under 25 DEG C of constant temperature and observe for 48 hours, rate of emergence reaches more than 50%, and to be germination percentage test qualified, illustrates that stacking becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, achieve harmless treatment, to the germination toxicological harmless effect of seed.
embodiment 2: a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method, it comprises the steps: (1) to screen; (2) just fermentation; (3) ferment; (4) detect.
(1) step screens: select sediment concentration to be less than the cattle and sheep excrement of 15% as raw material, sediment concentration can affect the reproduction speed of microorganism, and the reproduction speed of sediment concentration more high microorganism is slower, and the time therefore needed for cattle and sheep manure fermentation is longer; Sediment concentration height directly can affect the fermentation calefaction in later stage, affects the harmless treatment of cattle and sheep excrement;
Step is just fermentation (2): amassed by the cattle and sheep dunghill screened, and add natural pond liquid to cattle and sheep excrement, until moisture content reaches 45%, carries out just fermentation; Every 4 days, polishing working is turned over to cattle and sheep excrement, and carry out thermometric monitoring, until cattle and sheep excrement reaches and carries out step after more than 30 DEG C and (3) ferment; Carry out under physical environment, main dependence is turned in throwing process and is inputted oxygen, and aerobic microbiological has carried out oxygen metabolism and produced heat when oxygen abundance;
(3) step ferments: the cattle and sheep excrement after just fermentation is piled into the wide 5m of buttress, the long pile of height of embankment 2m carries out fermentation and thermometric is monitored; Carry out turning over polishing working, to ensure the sufficient supplies of oxygen, until temperature reaches 40 DEG C when monitoring cattle and sheep excrement temperature and declining; Then every day throwing is turned over once to cattle and sheep excrement, until buttress temperature rise is to 60-70 DEG C, ensure that oxygen supply makes microorganism Fast-propagation, microorganism amount reproduction produces heat, make buttress temperature rise to 60-70 DEG C, and then reach the object of killing weed seed, pathogenic micro-organism, roundworm egg, realize harmless treatment; Within every two days afterwards, turn over throwing once to cattle and sheep excrement, until temperature drops to less than 20 DEG C, moisture will drop to less than 30%, and can also kill the residual microorganism of part;
First carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence to the cattle and sheep excrement in step (3) fermenting process to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproof continuations and ferment; Again carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence after fermentation ends to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproofly again to add cattle and sheep excrement raw material, and repeating step (2) just fermentation, step is (3) fermented and (4) step detects; Organoleptic detection: it is qualified that the color detecting the cattle and sheep excrement after fermentation is black or black gray expandable, odorless is organoleptic detection; Physico-chemical tests: according to the moisture in the cattle and sheep excrement after NY525-2012 detection fermentation and organic matter, Physico-chemical tests is qualified when sample moisture content≤30% of each sampling spot, organic deviation≤1%; Rate of emergence detects and adopts than more sensitive Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed as Tests Seeds, by fermentation complete cattle and sheep excrement take 10g add in 50ml distilled water soak 12 hours, extract supernatant liquor in plate, add 20 seeds, cultivate under 25 DEG C of constant temperature and observe for 48 hours, rate of emergence reaches more than 50%, and to be germination percentage test qualified, illustrates that stacking becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, achieve harmless treatment, to the germination toxicological harmless effect of seed.
embodiment 3: a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method, it comprises the steps: (1) to screen; (2) just fermentation; (3) ferment; (4) detect.
(1) step screens: select sediment concentration to be less than the cattle and sheep excrement of 15% as raw material, sediment concentration can affect the reproduction speed of microorganism, and the reproduction speed of sediment concentration more high microorganism is slower, and the time therefore needed for cattle and sheep manure fermentation is longer; Sediment concentration height directly can affect the fermentation calefaction in later stage, affects the harmless treatment of cattle and sheep excrement;
Step is just fermentation (2): amassed by the cattle and sheep dunghill screened, and add natural pond liquid to cattle and sheep excrement, until moisture content reaches 40%, carries out just fermentation; Every 5 days, polishing working is turned over to cattle and sheep excrement, and carry out thermometric monitoring, until cattle and sheep excrement reaches and carries out step after more than 30 DEG C and (3) ferment; Carry out under physical environment, main dependence is turned in throwing process and is inputted oxygen, and aerobic microbiological has carried out oxygen metabolism and produced heat when oxygen abundance;
(3) step ferments: the cattle and sheep excrement after just fermentation is piled into the wide 4.3m of buttress, the long pile of height of embankment 1.8m carries out fermentation and thermometric is monitored; Carry out turning over polishing working, to ensure the sufficient supplies of oxygen, until temperature reaches 40 DEG C when monitoring cattle and sheep excrement temperature and declining; Then every day throwing is turned over once to cattle and sheep excrement, until buttress temperature rise is to 60-70 DEG C, ensure that oxygen supply makes microorganism Fast-propagation, microorganism amount reproduction produces heat, make buttress temperature rise to 60-70 DEG C, and then reach the object of killing weed seed, pathogenic micro-organism, roundworm egg, realize harmless treatment; Within every two days afterwards, turn over throwing once to cattle and sheep excrement, until temperature drops to less than 20 DEG C, moisture will drop to less than 30%, and can also kill the residual microorganism of part;
First carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence to the cattle and sheep excrement in step (3) fermenting process to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproof continuations and ferment; Again carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence after fermentation ends to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproofly again to add cattle and sheep excrement raw material, and repeating step (2) just fermentation, step is (3) fermented and (4) step detects; Organoleptic detection: it is qualified that the color detecting the cattle and sheep excrement after fermentation is black or black gray expandable, odorless is organoleptic detection; Physico-chemical tests: according to the moisture in the cattle and sheep excrement after NY525-2012 detection fermentation and organic matter, Physico-chemical tests is qualified when sample moisture content≤30% of each sampling spot, organic deviation≤1%; Rate of emergence detects and adopts than more sensitive Plantula Brassicae chinensis seed as Tests Seeds, by fermentation complete cattle and sheep excrement take 10g add in 50ml distilled water soak 12 hours, extract supernatant liquor in plate, add 20 seeds, cultivate under 25 DEG C of constant temperature and observe for 48 hours, rate of emergence reaches more than 50%, and to be germination percentage test qualified, illustrates that stacking becomes thoroughly decomposed completely, achieve harmless treatment, to the germination toxicological harmless effect of seed.
Utilize the cattle and sheep excrement of embodiment 1/2/3 and the fermentation of traditional cattle and sheep excrement stack type fermentation process to carry out rate of emergence detection, correlation data is as table 1.
The cattle and sheep excrement rate of emergence of table 1 embodiment 1/2/3 and the fermentation of traditional cattle and sheep excrement stack type fermentation process detects synopsis
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Control group |
| Rate of emergence (%) | 79.64 | 70.00 | 69.44 | 42.75 |
Claims (2)
1. a cattle and sheep manure fermentation method, is characterized in that, screening that it comprises the steps: (1); (2) just ferment; (3) ferment; (4) detect.
2. a kind of cattle and sheep manure fermentation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described step (1) is screened: select sediment concentration to be less than the cattle and sheep excrement of 15% as raw material;
Described step (2) is just fermented: amassed by the described cattle and sheep dunghill screened, and adds natural pond liquid to described cattle and sheep excrement, until moisture content reaches 40%-50%, carries out just fermentation; Every 3-5 days, polishing working is turned over to described cattle and sheep excrement, and carry out thermometric monitoring, until described cattle and sheep excrement reaches after more than 30 DEG C carry out described step (3) fermentation;
Described step (3) fermentation: the described cattle and sheep excrement after described just fermentation is piled into the wide 4.7m-5.3m of buttress, the long pile of height of embankment 1.8m-2.2m carries out fermentation and thermometric is monitored; Carry out turning over polishing working, until temperature reaches 40 DEG C when monitoring described cattle and sheep excrement temperature and declining; Then every day throwing is turned over once to described cattle and sheep excrement, until buttress temperature rise is to 60-70 DEG C; Within every two days afterwards, throwing is turned over once to described cattle and sheep excrement, until temperature drops to less than 20 DEG C;
Described step (4) detects: first carry out organoleptic detection, Physico-chemical tests and rate of emergence to the described cattle and sheep excrement in described step (3) fermenting process and detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detects underproof continuations and ferment; Again carry out described organoleptic detection, described Physico-chemical tests and described rate of emergence after fermentation ends to detect, three to detect all qualified warehouse-in stand-by, detect the underproof cattle and sheep of interpolation again excrement raw material, repeating said steps (2) is just fermented, described step (3) is fermented and described step (4) detects.
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| CN201510695527.5A CN105272390A (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2015-10-21 | Cow and sheep manure fermentation method |
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Citations (7)
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| CN102180718A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-09-14 | 李庆康 | Rapid production process of organic fertilizer |
| CN102887797A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-23 | 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
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| CN103396176A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 杭州萧山汇仁复合有机肥料有限公司 | Production process for converting poultry excrement into commercial organic fertilizer |
| CN104003764A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-27 | 天津市农业资源与环境研究所 | Fermentation device for rapid thorough decomposition of livestock excrements and using method thereof |
| CN104926533A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Compost and preparing method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-10-21 CN CN201510695527.5A patent/CN105272390A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1702059A (en) * | 2005-03-08 | 2005-11-30 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for manufacturing fertilizer by utilizing organic waster materials from cattle farm |
| CN102180718A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-09-14 | 李庆康 | Rapid production process of organic fertilizer |
| CN102887797A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-01-23 | 青岛嘉禾丰肥业有限公司 | Method for preparing organic fertilizer |
| CN103145463A (en) * | 2013-04-06 | 2013-06-12 | 郑晓华 | Organic fertilizer with livestock and poultry manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN103396176A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-11-20 | 杭州萧山汇仁复合有机肥料有限公司 | Production process for converting poultry excrement into commercial organic fertilizer |
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| CN104926533A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Compost and preparing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160127 |