CN105248465A

CN105248465A - Plant-derived pesticide

Info

Publication number: CN105248465A
Application number: CN201410331072.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜蕾
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-07-14
Filing date: 2014-07-14
Publication date: 2016-01-20

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plant-derived pesticide and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant-derived pesticide is obtained by processing the total alkaloid extracted from aconitum leucostomum vorosch root or stem, the total alkaloid, water and a surfactant are prepared into an aqueous emulsion, and the aqueous emulsion can be used after being diluted, provides good prevention and control effects on cotton aphids and pieris rapae linne larvae, and provides good treatment effects on plant pathogenic bacteria. According to the present invention, the plant-derived pesticide has characteristics of easily-available raw materials, simple processing, low cost, safety to environment, insecticidal effect, antimicrobial effect, blending with other pesticides, and the like, and is the plant-derived pesticide suitable for production of pollution-free agricultural products.

Description

A kind of botanical pesticide

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of botanical pesticide, particularly relate to that a kind of to be raw material with Aconitum teucostomum total alkaloid extract have antibacterial and botanical pesticide system that is insecticidal activity concurrently.

Background technology

For many years, chemical pesticide is widely used in worldwide because it is efficient, quick-acting, cheap and easy to use, in plant protection, be in monopoly position.But after the eighties in 20th century, along with masses are to pay attention to day by day that is healthy and environmental problem, chemical pesticide remains because of it, problems such as environmental pollution and enjoy people to query.Botanical pesticide becomes one of ideal substitute products.Botanical pesticide, directly utilize exactly or extract the root of plant, stem, leaf, flower, really, seed etc. or utilize its secondary metabolites to make the active substance with desinsection or bactericidal action.At present, desinsection, the sterilization idiocratic of trifoliate jewelvine, thunder godvine, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, print chinaberry, kuh-seng, Chinese tallow tree, black nightshade, Rhododendron molle, Coriaria sinica, garlic etc. are in succession found and utilize, wherein rotenone, pyrethrins, nimbin etc. studied comparatively successful.

Aconitum teucostomum (.AconitumleucostomumWorosch) is Ranunculaceae Aconitum herbaceos perennial, is mainly distributed in Xinjiang and Northwestern Gansu in China.In recent years, due to the reason such as overgraze, deterioration of grasslands, Aconitum plant spreads on the Yi Li grassland in Xinjiang, and only the distribution area of Aconitum teucostomum just reaches 6,000,000 mu, is local topmost poisonous plant.Take Aconitum teucostomum as the undue growth of the murder by poisoning leather of representative, not only serious harm livestock health but also squeeze the growth of herbage, cause heavy losses to Animal husbandry production.Mainly take manually to excavate to the control of Aconitum poisonous weeds at present, the Aconitum teucostomum of causing harm the most serious is lacked and utilizes.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to invent a kind of botanical pesticide, it is characterized in that: this agricultural chemicals is formulated primarily of Aconitum teucostomum total alkaloid extract interpolation non-ionic surfactant Tween 80.

Its compound method is: naturally dry after being cleaned by Aconitum teucostomum root, get root powder 95% ethanol cold soaking 3 times, each 48 hours after pulverizing and sieving; Merge leaching liquor, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, gained medicinal extract 2% dissolving with hydrochloric acid; After acid liquid petroleum ether degreasing, enriching liquid ammonia alkalinization is to pH9 ~ 10, with chloroform extraction repeatedly, combining extraction liquid reclaim chloroform obtain thickness medicinal extract; With Tween 80 aqueous dissolution O.1% after natural seasoning, be made into the stoste of suitable concn, save backup under room temperature, can according to actual needs during use, thin up becomes variable concentrations to use.More than operate and all can at room temperature carry out.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. environmentally safe, primary raw material derives from plant;

2. raw material is easy to get, and turns bane into boon, and processing is simple, low for equipment requirements;

3. production process organic solvent used is reused as alcohol and chloroform etc. are all recyclable, cost-saving;

4. jointly played a role by multiple aconite alkaloid, insect or disease fungus not easily develop immunity to drugs;

5. have insecticidal and antifungal effect concurrently;

6. can with other biological agricultural chemicals or chemical pesticide mixture, strengthen effect.

Embodiment

Illustrate content of the present invention further below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is not restricted to the scope of following embodiment.

Embodiment one:

Take Aconitum teucostomum root powder 1009, add 500m respectively]., 400m], 300m195% ethanol cold soaking 3 times, each 48 hours; Merge leaching liquor, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, gained medicinal extract 2% dissolving with hydrochloric acid; After acid liquid petroleum ether degreasing, enriching liquid ammonia alkalinization is to pH9 ~ 10, with chloroform extraction repeatedly, combining extraction liquid reclaim chloroform obtain thickness alkaloid medicinal extract.

Embodiment two:

By the Tween 80 aqueous dissolution with 100m1O.1% after the alkaloid medicinal extract natural seasoning in embodiment one, obtain the stoste of 19/ml.

Bacteriostatic activity result

1. the inhibitory action of pair Fungal hyphal growth:

All have certain inhibitory action for the mycelial growth of reagent liquid to Pyricularia oryzae, Italian mould, Melon fusarium Wilt, melon fusarium solani, cucumber phytophthora root rot bacterium 5 kinds of pathogens, and increase inhibiting rate increases in time, holding effect is better.Under 100m crucian carp nll concentration, liquid all reaches 87.72% higher than after 50%, 7d to the inhibiting rate of cucumber phytophthora root rot bacterium to the inhibiting rate of each pathogen, also reaches 70.18% and 69.68% respectively to the inhibiting rate of Pyricularia oryzae and Italian mould; When concentration is 4mg/ml, after 7d to the inhibiting rate of each pathogen also all higher than 25%, 43.50% and 43.83% are respectively to the inhibiting rate of Melon fusarium Wilt and cucumber phytophthora root rot bacterium.

2. the inhibitory action of pair fungus spore germination:

Under 20mg/ml concentration, liquid has strong inhibitory action to melon fusarium solani and cucumber phytophthora root rot bacterium, and inhibiting rate is 100%, but drug effect increases in time and declines; Also good inhibitory action is had to Melon fusarium Wilt.

Insecticidal activity result:

1. the contact toxicity of pair cotten aphid:

Have good contact toxicity for reagent liquid to cotten aphid, lethality improves with the increase of concentration, and under under 200mg/ml concentration, 48h lethality reaches 100%, 100mg/ml concentration, 72h lethality reaches 100%.The corrected mortality of 50mg/ml concentration prescribe medicine rear 48h, 72h and 40% flolimat, 800 times of liquid are without significant difference, but drug action is slower than flolimat, and this is also the popular feature of biopesticide.But in 72h, the lethality of each concentration liquid process increases gradually, shows that liquid virulence constantly strengthens;

2. the antifeedant activity of pair cotten aphid:

When concentration is 4mg/ml, anti-food rate significantly declines, less than 20%.After each concentration prescribe medicine, the anti-food rate of 48hI:1524h increases, but amplification is little.Duration of test does not observe each process liquid has harmful effect to cotton seedling growth.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a botanical pesticide, formulated by the total alkaloid extract of Aconitum teucostomum root or stem, it is characterized in that: this agricultural chemicals is formulated primarily of Aconitum teucostomum total alkaloid extract interpolation non-ionic surfactant Tween 80.

2. the collocation method of botanical pesticide as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: by the Aconitum teucostomum root pulverized or stem powder 95% ethanol cold soaking 3 times, each 48 hours; Merge leaching liquor, reduced pressure concentration reclaims ethanol, gained medicinal extract 2% dissolving with hydrochloric acid; After acid liquid petroleum ether degreasing, enriching liquid ammonia alkalinization is to pH9 ~ 10, with chloroform extraction repeatedly, combining extraction liquid reclaim chloroform obtain thickness medicinal extract; With the Tween 80 aqueous dissolution of 0.1% after natural seasoning, be made into aqueous emulsion stoste, preserve under room temperature.