CN105246331A - 施用五氟磺草胺和苯并双环酮或者异噁草酮和苯并双环酮带来的协同杂草防治 - Google Patents
施用五氟磺草胺和苯并双环酮或者异噁草酮和苯并双环酮带来的协同杂草防治 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105246331A CN105246331A CN201480028260.8A CN201480028260A CN105246331A CN 105246331 A CN105246331 A CN 105246331A CN 201480028260 A CN201480028260 A CN 201480028260A CN 105246331 A CN105246331 A CN 105246331A
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-GLCFPVLVSA-K tartrazine Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=NN(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 UJMBCXLDXJUMFB-GLCFPVLVSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/10—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N29/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing halogenated hydrocarbons
- A01N29/04—Halogen directly attached to a carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
本申请披露除草组合物,其包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。本申请还披露防治稻子中不需要植被的方法,所述方法包括向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其中(a)和(b)各自的使用量足以产生协同除草效果。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求了2013年3月15日提交的美国临时专利申请序列号61/788,672的权益,将其披露内容明确地引入本申请中以作参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及除草组合物,其包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。本公开内容还涉及防治稻子中不需要植被的方法。
背景技术
农业中许多反复出现的问题包括控制可能例如抑制作物生长的不需要植被的生长。为帮助防治不需要植被,研究者已经制备出多种有效防治这种有害生长的化学品和化学制剂。但是,仍需要有效控制不需要植被的生长的新型组合物和方法。
发明内容
很多类型的除草剂已经在文献中公开,大量化学除草剂已经在商业中使用。在一些情形中,除草活性成分已经发现在组合时比单独施用时更为有效,这称之为“协同(synergy)”或“协同增效(synergism)”。本发明基于以下发现,(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,以及(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐当组合施用时显示协同除草效果。
因此,本发明涉及除草组合物,其包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,以及(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。在一些实施方式中,(a)包括五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐。在这些情形中,(a)比(b)的重量比可以为1:80至50:1(例如,1:30至1.6:1,1:10至1:2.5)。在一些实施方式中,(a)包括异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐。在这些情形中,(a)比(b)的重量比可以为1:4至50:1(例如,1:3至28:1或者1.12:1至2.24:1)。
在一些实施方式中,所述组合物还包括另外的农药(例如,吡草酮(benzofenap),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop),香草隆(daimuron),戊噁唑草(pentoxazone),禾草畏(esprocarb),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron),丁草胺(butachlor),丙草胺(pretilachlor),双醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),呋草磺(benfuresate),甲基磺草酮(mesotrione),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone),以及它们的农用盐或酯,或它们的组合)。在一些实施方式中,所述组合物还包括除草剂安全剂、农用辅料或载体或者它们的组合。在某些实施方式中,所述组合物作为除草剂浓缩物提供。
本发明还涉及防治稻子中不需要植被的方法,所述方法包括向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其中(a)和(b)各自的使用量足以产生协同除草效果。在一些实施方式中,同时施用(a)和(b)。
不需要植被可以是例如阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草(grassweed)、莎草科杂草(sedgeweed)或其组合。在一些实施方式中,不需要植被包括香附子(purplenutsedge)或早稗(earlywatergrass)。在某些实施方式中,可以在对例如除草剂、病原体和/或昆虫具有抗性的稻子中防治所述不需要植被。
在一些实施方式中,(a)包括五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐。在一些这些实施方式中,(a)的施用量可以为5–50克活性成分/公顷(gai/ha)。在一些实施方式中,(b)的施用量为20–400gai/ha。五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)(a)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)(b)施用的重量比可以为1:80至2.5:1(例如,1:30至1.6:1,1:15至1:1或者1:10至1:2.5)。
在一些实施方式中,(a)包括异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐。在一些这些实施方式中,(a)的施用量可以为100–1000gai/ha。在一些实施方式中,(b)的施用量为20–400gai/ha。异噁草酮(clomazone)(a)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)(b)施用的重量比可以为1:4至50:1(例如,1:3至28:1,1:2至10:1,或者1.12:1至2.24:1)。
以下说明书详细说明书本公开内容的一个或多个实施方式。其它特征、目的和优点根据本说明书和权利要求将是显然的。
具体实施方式
本公开内容涉及除草组合物,其包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,以及(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。本公开内容还涉及防治稻子中不需要植被的方法。
如本申请使用,术语“除草剂”表示杀死、防治或以其它方式不利地更改植物的生长的活性成分。“除草有效量”是引起“除草效果”即不利更改效应和包括引起离开天然发展、杀死、产生调节、引起脱水和引起延迟等的活性成分的量。术语“植物”和“植被”可以包括例如发芽的种子,新出现的幼苗,和长成的植被。
五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)
本公开内容的组合物和方法可以包括五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)(即2-(2,2-二氟乙氧基)-N-(5,8-二甲氧基[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-c]嘧啶-2-基)-6-三氟甲基)苯磺酰胺)或其农用盐。如下所示的五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)是三唑并嘧啶磺酰胺除草剂,其提供对许多一年生、二年生和多年生杂草的广谱防治。五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)以及制备五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)的方法在本领域已知。例如参见授予Loughner等的美国专利5,858,924。
在一些实施方式中,五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)可以作为五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)的农用盐提供。五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)的示例性农用盐包括但不限于,钠盐、钾盐、铵盐或取代的铵盐,特别是单-,二-和三-C1-C8–烷基铵盐例如甲基铵、二甲基铵和异丙基铵,单-,二-和三-羟基-C2-C8-烷基铵盐例如羟基乙基铵、二(羟基乙基)铵、三(羟基乙基)铵、羟基丙基铵、二(羟基丙基)铵和三(羟基丙基)铵盐、乙醇胺盐(olaminesalt)和二甘醇胺盐(diglycolaminesalt)。
五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)可以用于防治稻子中的禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草,以及防治谷类、灌木和藤本和高粱作物中的阔叶杂草,以及防治草地(例如,住宅、工业和公共机构)、高尔夫球场、公园、墓地、运动场、sodfarms、牧场和牧地、道路周围、路旁和其它作物和非作物用途中的禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草和莎草科杂草。其除草活性描述于Tomlin,C.D.S.,Ed.ThePesticideManual:AWorldCompendium,15thed.;BCPC:Alton,2009(以下称之为“ThePesticideManual,FifteenthEdition,2009”)。五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)可市售或者已经市售,例如以商标 和得自DowAgroSciences,LLC,以及以商标得自SePROCorporation。
五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐可以施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量足以引起除草效果。在一些实施方式中,向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为5克活性成分/公顷(gai/ha)或更大(例如,10gai/ha或更大,15gai/ha或更大,20gai/ha或更大,25gai/ha或更大,30gai/ha或更大,35gai/ha或更大,40gai/ha或更大,45gai/ha或更大,50gai/ha或更大,60gai/ha或更大,70gai/ha或更大,80gai/ha或更大,90gai/ha或更大,或者95gai/ha或更大)。在一些实施方式中,向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为100gai/ha或更小(例如,95gai/ha或更小,85gai/ha或更小,75gai/ha或更小,65gai/ha或更小,55gai/ha或更小,50gai/ha或更小,45gai/ha或更小,40gai/ha或更小,35gai/ha或更小,30gai/ha或更小,25gai/ha或更小,20gai/ha或更小,15gai/ha或更小,或者10gai/ha或更小)。
可以向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam),以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为任何上述最小值至任何上述最大值。在一些实施方式中,向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为5–100gai/ha(例如,5–95gai/ha,5–50gai/ha,6–75gai/ha,6–45gai/ha,7–65gai/ha,7–40gai/ha,8–50gai/ha,8–35gai/ha,9–40gai/ha,9–30gai/ha,10–30gai/ha,10–25gai/ha,11–25gai/ha,11–20gai/ha,或者12–20gai/ha)。
异噁草酮(clomazone)
本发明的组合物和方法可以包括异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐。如下所示的异噁草酮(clomazone)(即2-[(2-氯苯基)甲基]-4,4-二甲基-3-异噁唑烷酮,也称之为dimethazone)是异噁唑烷酮除草剂,可以用于防治稻子中的禾本科杂草。异噁草酮(clomazone)可以用于防治豆、甘蓝、棉花、黄瓜、甜瓜、豌豆、辣椒、稻子、大豆、南瓜属植物、甘蔗、甘薯、烟草、块茎和球茎蔬菜以及化学休耕小麦田(chemicalfallowwheatfield)中的不需要植被。其除草活性描述于ThePesticideManual,FifteenthEdition,2009。
在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)可以作为异噁草酮(clomazone)的农用盐提供。异噁草酮(clomazone)的示例性农用盐包括但不限于,钠盐、钾盐、铵盐或取代的铵盐,特别是单-,二-和三-C1-C8–烷基铵盐例如甲基铵、二甲基铵和异丙基铵,单-,二-和三-羟基-C2-C8-烷基铵盐例如羟基乙基铵、二(羟基乙基)铵、三(羟基乙基)铵、羟基丙基铵、二(羟基丙基)铵和三(羟基丙基)铵盐、乙醇胺盐和二甘醇胺盐。
异噁草酮(clomazone)可市售或者已经市售,例如以商标(得自FMCCorp.),(得自CheminovaA/S),(得自FertiagroPte.Ltd.),(得自MakhteshimAganGroup),(得自PilarAgriScience(Canada)Corp.),(得自InsecticidasInternacionales),(得自Proficol),(得自SharpFormulatorsCo.,Ltd.),WOPRO-异噁草酮(得自B.V.Industrie-&HandelsondernemingSimonis)以及(得自Wilbur-EllisCo.)。
异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐可以以足以引起除草效果的量使用。在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为100克活性成分/公顷(gai/ha)或更大(例如,125gai/ha或更大,150gai/ha或更大,200gai/ha或更大,250gai/ha或更大,300gai/ha或更大,350gai/ha或更大,400gai/ha或更大,450gai/ha或更大,500gai/ha或更大,550gai/ha或更大,600gai/ha或更大,650gai/ha或更大,700gai/ha或更大,750gai/ha或更大,800gai/ha或更大,850gai/ha或更大,900gai/ha或更大,或者950gai/ha或更大)。在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为1000gai/ha或更小(例如,950gai/ha或更小,900gai/ha或更小,850gai/ha或更小,800gai/ha或更小,750gai/ha或更小,700gai/ha或更小,650gai/ha或更小,600gai/ha或更小,550gai/ha或更小,500gai/ha或更小,450gai/ha或更小,400gai/ha或更小,350gai/ha或更小,300gai/ha或更小,250gai/ha或更小,200gai/ha或更小,150gai/ha或更小,125gai/ha或更小,或者105gai/ha或更小)。
异噁草酮(clomazone)可以施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为任何上述最小值至任何上述最大值。在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为100–1000gai/ha(例如,200-900gai/ha,300-800gai/ha,400-700gai/ha,440-680gai/ha,500-650gai/ha,或者525-625gai/ha)。
苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)
本发明的组合物和方法可以包括苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。如下所示的苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)(即3-(2-氯-4-甲磺酰基苯甲酰基)-2-苯基硫基双环[3.2.1]辛-2-烯-4-酮)是4-羟基苯基-丙酮酸加双氧酶(4-HPPD)抑制剂,可以用于直接播种或移植稻子中的一年生和多年生稻田杂草。其除草活性描述于ThePesticideManual,FifteenthEdition,2009。苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)可市售或者已经市售,例如得自SDSBiotechK.K.(Tokyo,Japan)。
在一些实施方式中,苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)可以作为苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)的农用盐提供。苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)的示例性农用盐包括但不限于,钠盐、钾盐、铵盐或取代的铵盐,特别是单-,二-和三-C1-C8–烷基铵盐例如甲基铵、二甲基铵和异丙基铵,单-,二-和三-羟基-C2-C8-烷基铵盐例如羟基乙基铵、二(羟基乙基)铵、三(羟基乙基)铵、羟基丙基铵、二(羟基丙基)铵和三(羟基丙基)铵盐、乙醇胺盐和二甘醇胺盐。
苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐可以以足以引起除草效果的量使用。在一些实施方式中,苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为20克活性成分/公顷(gai/ha)或更大(例如,25gai/ha或更大,50gai/ha或更大,75gai/ha或更大,100gai/ha或更大,125gai/ha或更大,150gai/ha或更大,175gai/ha或更大,200gai/ha或更大,225gai/ha或更大,250gai/ha或更大,275gai/ha或更大,300gai/ha或更大,325gai/ha或更大,350gai/ha或更大,或者375gai/ha或更大)。在一些实施方式中,苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为400gai/ha或更小(例如,375gai/ha或更小,350gai/ha或更小,325gai/ha或更小,300gai/ha或更小,275gai/ha或更小,250gai/ha或更小,225gai/ha或更小,200gai/ha或更小,175gai/ha或更小,150gai/ha或更小,125gai/ha或更小,100gai/ha或更小,75gai/ha或更小,50gai/ha或更小,或者25gai/ha或更小)。
苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)可以施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为为任何上述最小值至任何上述最大值。在一些实施方式中,苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐施用于植被或与所述植被相邻的区域或者施用于土壤或水,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其量为20–400gai/ha(例如,100–350gai/ha,或者200–300gai/ha)。
除草混合物或组合物
(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐混合,或者组合施用,其量足以引起协同除草效果。
在一些实施方式中,(a)和(b)的使用量足以引起协同除草效果,同时仍然显示良好的作物相容性(即,它们用于作物不会导致对作物损伤增加,与单独施用除草化合物(a)或(b)相比)。如HerbicideHandbookoftheWeedScienceSocietyofAmerica,NinthEdition,2007,p.429所述,“‘协同作用’为两种或更多种因素的相互作用,使得组合时的效果比基于响应于单独施用的每种因素的预期效果更好”。除草剂上下文中的“协同”可指,与单独使用(a)或(b)可能的杂草防治效果相比,如上限定的(a)与(b)的使用导致增加的杂草防治效果。在一些实施方式中,当与未处理的对照植被相比,利用0%至100%的等级来评价由本申请中披露的组合物和方法引起的对不需要植被的损害或损伤,其中0%表示未损害不需要植被,100%表示完全破坏不需要植被。在一些实施方式中,应用Colby方程确定组合使用(a)与(b)是否显示协同效果:S.R.Colby,CalculatingSynergisticandAntagonisticResponsesofHerbicideCombinations,WEEDS15,p.22(1967)
E=X+Y-X*Y/100
其中
X=使用在施用率为a的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐的效果%;
Y=使用在施用率为b的(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的效果%;
E=使用在施用率为a和b的(a)+(b)的预期效果(以%计)。
在Colby方程中,E值对应于如果单个化合物的活性为加和的待预期的效果(植物损害或损伤)。如果所观察到的效果比根据Colby方程计算的E值高,则存在根据Colby方程的协同效果。
在一些实施方式中,本申请中披露的组合物和方法通过Colby方程定义是协同的。在一些实施方式中,(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的联合作用导致对不需要植被提高的活性(经由协同作用),即使施用率低于在自身具有除草效果的杀虫剂所常用的施用率时也如此。在一些实施方式中,基于单个组分以较低的施用率使用本申请中披露的组合物和方法,可实现与在正常施用率的单个组分产生的效果相当的除草效果。在一些实施方式中,本申请中披露的组合物和方法提供对于不需要植被的加速损害作用(即,与施用单个除草剂相比,其更迅速地实施对不需要植被的损害)。
本申请提供组合物和制剂,其包含(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐,其重量比足以引起协同除草效果。在一些实施方式中,所述组合物或制剂可以包含(a)和(b),其重量比为至少1:80(例如,至少1:70,至少1:60,至少1:50,至少1:40,至少1:30,至少1:20,至少1:19,至少1:18,至少1:17.5,至少1:17,至少1:16,至少1:15,至少1:14,至少1:13,至少1:12.5,至少1:12,至少1:11,至少1:10,至少1:9,至少1:8,至少1:7.5,至少1:7,至少1:6,至少1:5,至少1:4,至少1:3,至少1:2.5,至少1:2,至少1:1.75,至少1:1.5,至少1:1,至少2:1,至少5:1,至少10:1,至少15:1,至少20:1,至少25:1,至少30:1,至少35:1,至少40:1,或者至少45:1)。在一些实施方式中,所述组合物或制剂包含(a)和(b),其重量比小于50:1(例如,小于45:1,小于40:1,小于35:1,小于30:1,小于25:1,小于20:1,小于15:1,小于10:1,小于5:1,小于2:1,小于1:1,小于1:1.25,小于1:1.5,小于1:1.75,小于1:2,小于1:2.5,小于1:3,小于1:4,小于1:5,小于1:6,小于1:7,小于1:7.5,小于1:8,小于1:9,小于1:10,小于1:11,小于1:12,小于1:12.5,小于1:13,小于1:14,小于1:15,小于1:16,小于1:17,小于1:17.5,小于1:18,小于1:19,小于1:20,小于1:30,小于1:40,小于1:45,小于1:50,小于1:60,或者小于1:70)。
组合物和制剂可以包含(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐比(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的重量比为任何上述最小比例至任何上述最大值。在一些实施方式中,组合物或制剂包含(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的重量比足以引起协同除草效果,为1:80至5:1(例如,1:80至2.5:1,1:40至1:2.5,1:10至1:20,1:30至1.6:1,1:15至1:1.5,或者1:10至1:2.5)。
还提供组合物和制剂,其包含(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的重量比足以引起协同除草效果。在一些实施方式中,组合物或制剂可以包含(a)和(b),其重量比为至少1:4(例如,至少1:3.5,至少1:3,至少1:2.5,至少1:2.25,至少1:2,至少1:1.9,至少1:1.8,至少1:1.75,至少1:1.7,至少1:1.6,至少1:1.5,至少1:1.4,至少1:1.3,至少1:1.25,至少1:1.2,至少1:1.1,至少1:1,至少1.1:1,至少1.2:1,至少1.25:1,至少1.3:1,至少1.4:1,至少1.5:1,至少1.6:1,至少1.7:1,至少1.75:1,至少1.8:1,至少1.9:1,至少2:1,至少2.1:1,至少2.2:1,至少2.3:1,至少2.4:1,至少2.5:1,至少2.75:1,至少3:1,至少3.25:1,至少3.5:1,至少3.75:1,至少4:1,至少4.5:1,至少5:1,至少6:1,至少7:1,至少8:1,至少9:1,至少10:1,至少15:1,至少20:1,至少25:1,至少30:1,至少35:1,至少40:1,或者至少45:1)。在一些实施方式中,组合物或制剂包含(a)和(b),其重量比小于50:1(例如,小于45:1,小于40:1,小于30:1,小于25:1,小于20:1,小于15:1,小于12.5:1,小于10:1,小于7.5:1,小于5:1,小于4.5:1,小于4:1,小于3.5:1,小于3.25:1,小于3:1,小于2.75:1,小于2.5:1,小于2.4:1,小于2.3:1,小于2.2:1,小于2.1:1,小于2:1,小于1.9:1,小于1.8:1,小于1.75:1,小于1.7:1,小于1.6:1,小于1.5:1,小于1.4:1,小于1.3:1,小于1.25:1,小于1.2:1,小于1.1:1,小于1:1,小于1:1.1,小于1:1.2,小于1:1.25,小于1:1.3,小于1:1.4,小于1:1.5,小于1:1.6,小于1:1.7,小于1:1.75,小于1:1.8,小于1:1.9,小于1:2,小于1:2.25,小于1:2.5,小于1:3,或者小于1:3.5)。
组合物和制剂可以包含(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的重量比为任何上述最小比例至任何上述最大值。在一些实施方式中,组合物或制剂包含(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的重量比足以引起协同除草效果,为1:4至50:1(例如,1:3.5至40:1,1:3.3至30:1,1:3至28:1,1:2至20:1,1:1.5至3.5:1,1:1至3:1,1:1至4.5:1,或者1.12:1至2.24:1)。
制剂
本发明还涉及本申请所述的组合物的制剂和方法。在一些实施方式中,制剂可为包括(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐两者的单一包装制剂形式。在一些实施方式中,制剂可为包括(a)与(b)两者和进一步包括至少一种添加剂的单一包装制剂形式。在一些实施方式中,制剂可为双包装制剂形式,其中一个包装包含(a)和任选的至少一种添加剂,而另一包装包含(b)和任选的至少一种添加剂。在双包装制剂的一些实施方式中,在施用之前将包括(a)和任选的至少一种添加剂的制剂与包括(b)和任选的至少一种添加剂的制剂混合,然后同时施用。在一些实施方式中,作为桶混合物进行混合(即,在用水稀释之前立即或用水稀释时混合制剂)。在一些实施方式中,不是将包括(a)的制剂与包括(b)的制剂混合,而是将其彼此先后(连续)施用,例如,立即或在1小时内、在2小时内、在4小时内、在8小时内、在16小时内、在24小时内、在2天内、或在3天内。
在一些实施方式中,(a)与(b)的制剂以悬浮、乳化或溶解形式存在。示例性制剂包括但不限于,水溶液,粉剂(powders),悬浮剂,以及高度浓缩的水性、油性或其它悬浮剂或分散剂,水性乳剂,水性微乳剂,水性悬乳剂,油性分散剂,糊剂,粉剂(dusts),和用于铺展的材料或粒剂。
在一些实施方式中,(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐和/或(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐为使用前可稀释的水溶液。在一些实施方式中,(a)和/或(b)提供为高强度制剂如浓缩物。在一些实施方式中,浓缩物为稳定的,在贮藏和装运期间保持其效能。在一些实施方式中,浓缩物为透明、均匀的液体,其在54℃或更高的温度是稳定的。在一些实施方式中,浓缩物在-10℃或更高的温度不显示任何的固体沉淀。在一些实施方式中,浓缩物在低温不显示任何组分的分离、沉淀或结晶。例如,浓缩物在低于0℃(例如,低于-5℃、低于-10℃、低于-15℃)的温度保持透明的溶液。在一些实施方式中,即使在低至5℃的温度,浓缩物也显示小于50厘泊(50兆帕)的粘度。
本申请中披露的组合物和方法也可与添加剂混合在一起或与添加剂一起施用。在一些实施方式中,添加剂可在水中稀释或可浓缩。在一些实施方式中,将添加剂按顺序添加。在一些实施方式中,将添加剂同时添加。在一些实施方式中,将添加剂与五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐预混合。在一些实施方式中,将添加剂与苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐预混合。在一些实施方式中,将添加剂与五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐以及苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐预混合。
在一些实施方式中,添加剂为其它农药。示例性另外的除草剂包括但不限于,2,4-滴(2,4-D),乙草胺(acetochlor),苯草醚(aclonifen),氨唑草酮(amicarbazone),4-氨基吡啶甲酸类除草剂,例如氟氯吡啶酯(halauxifen),氟氯吡啶酯(halauxifen-methyl),4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)-5-氟吡啶-2-羧酸或其农用酯或盐,如描述于Balko等人的美国专利7,314,849和7,432,227中的那些,酰嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron),环丙嘧啶酸(aminocyclopyrachlor),氯氨吡啶酸(aminopyralid),氨基三唑(aminotriazole),硫氰酸铵(ammoniumthiocyanate),莎稗磷(anilofos),磺草灵(asulam),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),莠去津(atrazine),氟丁酰草胺(beflubutamid),草除灵(benazolin),呋草黄(benfuresate),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),灭草松钠(bentazon-sodium),吡草酮(benzofenap),甲羧除草醚(bifenox),双草醚(bispyribac-sodium),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),除草定(bromacil),溴苯腈(bromoxynil),丁草胺(butachlor),氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil),仲丁灵(butralin),丁苯草酮(butroxydim),双酰草胺(carbetamide),唑草胺(cafenstrole),唑酮草酯(carfentrazone),唑草酯(carfentrazone-ethyl),矮壮素(chlormequat),二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid),氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron),氯麦隆(chlortoluron),吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl),烯草酮(clethodim),炔草酸(clodinafop-propargyl),氯甲酰草胺(clomeprop),异噁草松(clomazone),氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl),氰草津(cyanazine),cyclopyrimorate,环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron),噻草酮(cycloxydim),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl),杀草隆(daimuron),麦草畏(dicamba),敌草腈(dichlobenil),精2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop-P),禾草灵(diclofop-methyl),双氯磺草胺(diclosulam),吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican),氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr),噁唑隆(dimefuron),二甲草胺(dimethachlor),敌草快(diquat),敌草隆(diuron),N,N-二丙基硫代氨基甲酸-S-乙基酯(S-ethyldipropylcarbamothioate)(茵草敌(EPTC)),戊草丹(esprocarb),乙氧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron),乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid),噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop),噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-ethyl),噁唑禾草灵+双苯噁唑酸(fenoxaprop-ethyl+isoxadifen-ethyl),精噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-p-ethyl),fenoxasulfone,fenquinotrione,四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide),啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron),双氟磺草胺(florasulam),吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop),精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P-butyl),flucarbazone,氟唑磺隆(flucabazone-sodium),氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)(LGC-42153),氟噻草胺(flufenacet),唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam),丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin),flupyrsulfuron,氟咯草酮(flurochloridone),氯氟吡氧乙酸(fluroxypyr),氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯(fluroxypyr-meptyl),呋草酮(flurtamone),glufosinate,草铵膦(glufosinate-ammonium),草甘膦(glyphosate),氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron-methyl),氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-methyl),高效氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-R-methyl),环嗪酮(hexazinone),咪草酸(imazamethabenz),甲氧咪草烟(imazamox),甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic),咪唑烟酸(imazapyr),咪唑喹啉酸(imazaquin),咪唑乙烟酸(imazethapyr),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),茚草酮(indanofan),茚嗪氟草胺(indaziflam),iodosulfuron,乙基碘磺隆酸钠(iodosulfuron-ethyl-sodium),iofensulfuron,碘苯腈(ioxynil),ipfencarbazone,异丙隆(isoproturon),异噁酰草胺(isoxaben),异噁唑草酮(isoxaflutole),乳氟禾草灵(lactofen),利谷隆(linuron),2甲4氯(MCPA),2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB),精2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop-P),苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet),甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron),mesosulfuron-ethylsodium,硝磺草酮(mesotrione),噁唑草酰胺(metamifop),吡唑草胺(metazochlor),嗪吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),磺草唑胺(metosulam),嗪草酮(metribuzin),甲磺隆(metsulfuron),甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl),禾草敌(molinate),甲基胂酸钠(MSMA),敌草胺(napropamide),napropamide-M,氟草敏(orfurazon),嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron),氨磺乐灵(oryzalin),丙炔噁草酮(oxadiargyl),噁草酮(oxadiazon),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone),乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen),百草枯(paraquat),二甲戊灵(pendimethalin),五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam),环戊噁草酮(pentoxazone),pethoxamid,氨氯吡啶酸(picloram),氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen),吡唑草酯(pinoxaden),哌草磷(pretilachlor),氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron),氟唑草胺(profluazol),扑灭通(profoxydim),敌稗(propanil),喔草酯(propaquizafop),丙嗪嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron),丙苯磺隆(propoxycarbazone),炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide),苄草丹(prosulfocarb),氟磺隆(prosulfuron),双唑草腈(pyraclonil),吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl),磺酰草吡唑(pyrasulfotole),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron-ethyl),吡唑特(pyrazolynate),嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)(LGC-40863),稗草丹(pyributicarb),哒草特(pyridate),环酯草醚(pyriftalid),pyrimisulfan,啶磺草胺(pyroxsulam),派罗克杀草砜(pyroxasulfone),二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac),喹草酸(quinmerac),喹禾灵(quizalofop-ethyl-D),精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P-ethyl),喹禾糠酯(quizalofop-P-tefuryl),砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron),烯禾定(sethoxydim),西玛津(simazine),磺草酮(sulcotrione),甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone),甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron),草硫膦(sulfosate),磺酰磺酮(sulfosulfuron),丁噻隆(tebuthiuron),双硫磷(tefuryltrione),吡喃草酮(tepraloxidim),特草定(terbacil),特丁津(terbuthylazine),特丁净(terbutryn),噻吩草胺(thenylchlor),噻唑烟酸(thiazopyr),噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron),噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron-methyl),禾草丹(thiobencarb),苯唑草酮(topramezone),三甲苯草酮(tralkoxydim),(triafamone),醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron),苯磺隆(tribenuron),苯磺隆(tribenuron-methyl),氟酮磺草胺(triafamone),三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr),和氟乐灵(trifluralin),以及其农用盐、胆碱盐、酯和混合物。在某些实施方式中,另外的农药包括吡草酮(benzofenap),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)(例如,氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)-butyl),香草隆(daimuron),戊噁唑草(pentoxazone),禾草畏(esprocarb),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron),丁草胺(butachlor),丙草胺(pretilachlor),双醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),呋草磺(benfuresate),甲基磺草酮(mesotrione),磺草酮(sulcotrione),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone),triafamone,cyclopyrimorate,pyrimisulfan,嗪咪唑嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron),双唑草腈(pyraclonil),ipfencarbazone,iofensulfuron,fenoxasulfone,fenquinotrione,napropamide-M,咪草啶酸(imazamox),甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic),咪草烟(imazethapyr)甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam),及其农用盐或酯,或者它们的组合。在某些实施方式中,另外的农药包括吡草酮(benzofenap),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop),香草隆(daimuron),戊噁唑草(pentoxazone),禾草畏(esprocarb),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron),丁草胺(butachlor),丙草胺(pretilachlor),双醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),呋草磺(benfuresate),甲基磺草酮(mesotrione),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone)以及它们的农用盐或酯以及它们的组合。在某些实施方式中,另外的农药包括三氯吡氧乙酸胆碱盐(triclopyrcholinesalt)。
在一些实施方式中,将五氟磺草胺或其农用盐以与其它农药的预混合的制剂提供。在一些实施方式中,将五氟磺草胺或其农用盐与氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl),乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen),三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr),或其组合预混合在一起。可商购或已商购的五氟磺草胺或其农用盐或酯与添加剂的示例性预混合物包括但不限于,(并入氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)的预混合物,由DowAgroSciencesLLC提供),(并入氰氟草酯的预混合物,由DowAgroSciencesLLC提供),PINDAR(并入乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)的预混合物,由DowAgroSciencesLLC提供),和XTRA(并入三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr)的预混合物,由DowAgroSciencesLLC提供)。
在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐与其它农药的预混合的制剂提供。在一些实施方式中,异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐或酯与吡草酮(benzofenap),克草胺(dimethachlor),丁氟消草(ethalfluralin),吡草胺(metazachlor),敌草胺(napropamide),敌稗(propanil)或其组合预混合在一起。可商购或已商购的异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐或酯与添加剂的示例性预混合物包括但不限于,(并入吡草酮(benzofenap)的预混合物,由BayerCropScience提供),COLZOR(并入克草胺(dimethachlor)和敌草胺(napropamide)的预混合物,由Syngenta提供),(并入丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)的预混合物,由LovelandProducts,Inc.提供),(并入吡草胺(metazachlor)的预混合物,由BASFCorporation提供),(并入敌稗(propanil)的预混合物,由SharpFormulatorsCo.,Ltd.提供),以及(并入敌稗(propanil)的预混合物,由RiceCo,LLC提供)。
在一些实施方式中,将苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐以与其它农药的预混合的制剂提供。
在一些实施方式中,添加剂包括农用辅料。示例性农用辅料包括但不限于,抗冻剂、消泡剂、相容剂、螯合剂、中和剂与缓冲剂、腐蚀抑制剂、着色剂、添味剂、渗透助剂(penetrationaids)、润湿剂、铺展剂、分散剂、增稠剂、冻结点抑制剂、抗微生物剂、作物油、安全剂、粘合剂(例如,用于种子制剂),表面活性剂、保护胶体、乳化剂、增粘剂及其混合物。示例性农用辅料包括但不限于,作物油浓缩物(矿物油(85%)+乳化剂(15%))或更低,壬基苯酚乙氧基化物或更低,苄基酯椰油烷基二甲基季铵盐或更低,石油烃(petroleumhydrocarbon)、烷基酯、有机酸和阴离子表面活性剂的共混物或更低,C9-C11烷基糖苷(C9-C11alkylpolyglycoside)或更低,磷酸酯醇乙氧基化物(phosphatealcoholethosxylate)或更低,天然伯醇(C12-C16)乙氧基化物(naturalprimaryalcohol(C12-C16)ethoxylate)或更低,二-叔丁基苯酚EO-PO嵌段共聚物或更低,聚硅氧烷-甲基封端物(polysiloxane-methylcap)或更低,壬基苯酚乙氧基化物+尿素硝酸铵或更低,乳化甲基化种子油或更低,十三醇(合成的)乙氧基化物(8EO)或更低,牛油胺乙氧基化物(15EO)或更低,和PEG(400)二油酸酯-99。
在一些实施方式中,所述添加剂是安全剂,所述安全剂是当与除草剂一起施用时得到更好的作物植物相容性的有机化合物。在一些实施方式中,所述安全剂自身具有除草活性。在一些实施方式中,所述安全剂充当作物植物中的解毒剂或拮抗剂,并且能够减轻或防止对作物植物的损害。示例性的安全剂包括,但不限于,解草达(AD-67)(MON4660),解草嗪(benoxacor),禾草丹(benthiocarb),芸薹素内酯(brassinolide),解草酯(cloquintocet(mexyl)),解草胺腈(cyometrinil),环丙磺酰胺(cyprosulfamide),杀草隆(daimuron),烯丙酰草胺(dichlormid),dicyclonon,增效磷(dietholate),哌草丹(dimepiperate),乙拌磷(disulfoton),解草唑(fenchlorazole),解草唑(fenchlorazole-ethyl),解草啶(fenclorim),解草胺(flurazole),氟草肟(fluxofenim),解草噁唑(furilazole),harpin蛋白,双苯噁唑酸(isoxadifen-ethyl),解草烷(jiecaowan),解草烯(jiecaoxi),mefenpyr,吡唑解草酯(mefenpyr-diethyl),mephenate,萘二甲酸酐(naphthalicanhydride),2,2,5-三甲基-3-(二氯乙酰基)-1,3-噁唑烷(2,2,5-trimethyl-3-(dichloroacetyl)-1,3-oxazolidine),4-(二氯乙酰基)-1-氧杂-4-氮杂螺[4.5]癸烷(4-(dichloroacetyl)-1-oxa-4-azaspiro[4.5]decane),解草腈(oxabetrinil),R29148,和N-苯基-磺酰苯甲酸酰胺(N-phenyl-sulfonylbenzoicacidamides),和其农用盐,以及(条件是其具有羧基时)其农用衍生物。在一些实施方式中,安全剂可为cloquintocet或其酯或盐,如解草酯(cloquintocet(mexyl))。例如,cloquintocet可以用于对抗所述组合物对稻子和谷物的有害效果。
示例性表面活性剂(例如,润湿剂、增粘剂、分散剂、乳化剂)包括但不限于,芳族磺酸(例如木质素磺酸、苯酚磺酸、萘磺酸和二丁基萘磺酸)的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,脂肪酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,烷基磺酸盐和烷基芳基磺酸盐,烷基硫酸盐,月桂基醚硫酸盐和脂肪醇硫酸盐,以及硫酸化十六醇、十七醇和十八醇的盐,还有以下物质的盐:脂肪醇乙二醇醚,磺化萘及其衍生物与甲醛的缩合物,萘与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合物,聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚,乙氧基化异辛基-、辛基-或壬基酚,烷基苯基或三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇,异十三醇,脂肪醇/环氧乙烷缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯烷基醚或聚氧丙烯烷基醚,月桂醇聚乙二醇醚乙酸酯,山梨糖醇酯,亚硫酸纸浆废液和蛋白质,变性蛋白质,多糖(例如,甲基纤维素),疏水改性淀粉,聚乙烯醇,聚羧酸酯,聚烷氧基化物(polyalkoxylates),聚乙烯胺,聚乙烯亚胺,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,及其共聚物。
示例性增稠剂包括但不限于,多糖如黄原胶,有机和无机层状矿物,以及其混合物。
示例性消泡剂包括但不限于,有机硅乳液、长链醇、脂肪酸、脂肪酸的盐、有机氟化合物及其混合物。
示例性抗微生物剂包括但不限于,基于双氯酚和苄醇半缩甲醛的杀菌剂,以及异噻唑啉酮衍生物,如烷基异噻唑啉酮和苯并异噻唑啉酮及其混合物。
示例性抗冻剂包括但不限于,乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素、甘油及其混合物。
示例性着色剂包括但不限于,已知名称为RhodamineB的染料、颜料蓝15:4、颜料蓝15:3、颜料蓝15:2、颜料蓝15:1、颜料蓝80、颜料黄1、颜料黄13、颜料红112、颜料红48:2、颜料红48:1、颜料红57:1、颜料红53:1、颜料橙43、颜料橙34、颜料橙5、颜料绿36、颜料绿7、颜料白6、颜料棕25、碱性紫10、碱性紫49、酸性红51、酸性红52、酸性红14、酸性蓝9、酸性黄23、碱性红10、碱性红108及其混合物。
示例性粘合剂包括但不限于,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯乙酸酯、聚乙烯醇、羟乙基纤维素及其混合物。
在一些实施方式中,添加剂包括载体。在一些实施方式中,添加剂包括液体或固体载体。在一些实施方式中,添加剂包括有机或无机载体。示例性液体载体包括但不限于,石油馏分或烃如矿物油、芳香族溶剂和石蜡油(paraffinicoils)等,植物油如豆油、菜子油、橄榄油、蓖麻油、葵花籽油、椰子油、玉米油、棉子油、亚麻子油、棕榈油、花生油、红花油、芝麻油和桐油等,以上植物油的酯,一元醇或二元、三元或其它低级多元醇(包含4-6个羟基)的酯,如硬脂酸2-乙基己酯、油酸正丁酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、二油酸丙二醇酯、琥珀酸二辛酯、乙二酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯等,一元、二元和多元羧的酯等,甲苯,二甲苯,石脑油,作物油,丙酮,甲乙酮,环己酮,三氯乙烯,全氯乙烯,乙酸乙酯,乙酸戊酯,乙酸丁酯,丙二醇单甲基醚和二乙二醇单甲醚,甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇,戊醇,乙二醇,丙二醇,甘油,N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,N,N-二甲基烷基酰胺,二甲亚砜和液体肥料等,和水,及其混合物。示例性固体载体包括但不限于,硅石、硅胶、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、胶块土、黄土、粘土、白云土、硅藻土(diatomaceousearth)、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁、研磨的合成材料、叶蜡土、凹凸棒石粘土(attapulgusclay)、硅藻土(kieselguhr)、碳酸钙、膨润土、漂白土、棉子壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉(woodflour)、核桃壳粉、木素、硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、尿素、谷物粉、树皮粉、木粉(woodmeal)和果壳粉、纤维素粉及其混合物。
在一些实施方式中,乳剂、糊剂或油分散剂可通过使(a)与(b)借助于润湿剂、增稠剂、分散剂或乳化剂在水中均质化来制备。在一些实施方式中,制备包含(a)、(b)、润湿剂、增稠剂和分散剂或乳化剂的适合于用稀释水的浓缩物。
在一些实施方式中,粉末或用于铺展的材料和粉剂可通过混合或伴随研磨(a)与(b)和任选的安全剂与固体载体来制备。
在一些实施方式中,粒剂(例如涂布粒剂、浸渍粒剂和均质粒剂)可通过将(a)与(b)粘合于固体载体来制备。
本申请中披露的制剂可包含协同的、除草有效量的(a)与(b)。在一些实施方式中,在制剂中(a)与(b)的浓度可改变。在一些实施方式中,制剂含有1%至95%的(a)与(b)总重量(例如,5%至95%、10%至80%、20%至70%、30%至50%)。在一些实施方式中,可独立地以根据核磁共振(NMR)光谱的纯度90%至100%(例如,95%至100%)采用(a)与(b)。在一些实施方式中,在制剂中(a)、(b)和其它农药的浓度可改变。在一些实施方式中,制剂含有1%至95%的(a)、(b)和其它农药的总重量(例如,5%至95%、10%至80%、20%至70%、30%至50%)。在一些实施方式中,可独立地以根据NMR光谱的纯度90%至100%(例如,95%至100%)采用(a)、(b)和其它农药。
施用方法
本申请中披露的组合物可利用施用除草剂的任何已知技术施用。示例性施用技术包括但不限于,喷雾,雾化,喷粉,铺展,或直接施用至水中(水中施用(in-water))。施用方法可取决于预期目的而改变。在一些实施方式中,可选择施用方法以确保本申请中披露组合物的最可能微细的分布。
可将本申请中披露的组合物在芽前(不需要植被发芽之前)或芽后(即,不需要植被发芽期间和/或发芽之后)施用。可将组合物施用至制备,例如水中施用至淹水稻田。
在组合物用于作物时,可在播种之后且作物植物发芽之前或发芽之后施用组合物。在一些实施方式中,本申请中披露的组合物即使在作物已发芽时也显示良好的作物耐受性,并且可在作物植物发芽期间或发芽之后施用。在一些实施方式中,在组合物用于作物时,可在作物植物播种之前施用组合物。
在一些实施方式中,将本申请中披露的组合物通过喷雾(例如,叶面喷施或者喷雾至淹水稻田的水中)施用至植被或与植被相邻的区域或施用至土壤,或者施用至水中,例如施用至淹水稻田,以预防植被的发芽或生长。在一些实施方式中,喷雾技术例如使用水作为载体和喷液率为10升/公顷(L/ha)至2000L/ha(例如,50L/ha至1000L/ha、或100至500L/ha)。在一些实施方式中,将本申请中披露的组合物通过低量或超低量法来施用,其中以微粒剂的形式施用。在一些实施方式中,本申请披露的组合物可以作为干制剂(例如颗粒、WDG)施用至水中。
在一些实施方式中,在生长的任何阶段或种植或发芽之前将其直接地施用至植物或施用至植物的所在地时,协同性混合物的配混物显示出除草活性。所观察到的效果可取决于待防治不需要植被的类型、不需要植被的生长阶段、稀释和喷雾液滴大小的施用参数、固体组分粒度、使用时的环境条件、所采用的特定化合物、所采用的特定辅料和载体及土壤类型等,以及化学品施用量。在一些实施方式中,可调整这些和其它因素以促进非选择性或选择性除草作用。
本申请中披露的组合物和方法可用于防治各种作物和非作物应用中的不需要植被。在一些实施方式中,本申请中披露的组合物和方法可用于防治稻子(例如,直接播种稻子、水中播种稻子,移植稻子或者,种植稻种或者稻子移植之前的稻子苗床)中的不需要植被。
本申请描述的组合物和方法可以例如与下述某些物质联合使用:草甘膦(glyphosate),EPSP合酶抑制剂,草铵膦(glufosinate),谷氨酰胺合酶抑制剂,麦草畏,苯氧基茁长素,吡啶氧基茁长素,人工茁长素,茁长素运输抑制剂,芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯,环己烷二酮,苯基吡唑啉,ACCase抑制剂,咪唑啉酮,磺脲,嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯,三唑并嘧啶,磺酰基氨基羰基三唑啉酮,ALS或AHAS抑制剂,HPPD抑制剂,番茄红素脱氢酶抑制剂,类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂,PPO抑制剂,纤维素生物合成抑制剂,有丝分裂抑制剂,微管抑制剂,极长链脂肪酸抑制剂,脂肪酸和脂质生物合成抑制剂,光合系统I抑制剂,光合系统II抑制剂,三嗪,和溴苯腈,用于防治以下作物中不期望的植被:草甘膦耐受作物,5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合酶抑制剂耐受作物,草铵膦耐受作物,谷氨酰胺合酶抑制剂耐受作物,麦草畏耐受作物,苯氧基茁长素耐受作物,吡啶氧基茁长素耐受作物,人工茁长素耐受作物,茁长素运输抑制剂耐受作物,芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯耐受作物,环己烷二酮耐受作物,苯基吡唑啉耐受作物,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂耐受作物,咪唑啉酮耐受作物,磺脲耐受作物,嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯耐受作物,三唑并嘧啶耐受作物,磺酰基氨基羰基三唑啉酮耐受作物,乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制剂或乙酰羟基酸合酶(AHAS)抑制剂耐受作物,4-羟基苯基-丙酮酸加双氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂耐受作物,番茄红素脱氢酶抑制剂耐受作物,类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制剂耐受作物,纤维素生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,有丝分裂抑制剂耐受作物,微管抑制剂耐受作物,极长链脂肪酸抑制剂耐受作物,脂肪酸和脂质生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,光合系统I抑制剂耐受作物,光合系统II抑制剂耐受作物,三嗪耐受作物,溴苯腈耐受作物(例如,但不限于,大豆、棉花、低酸油菜籽/油菜、稻子、谷物、高粱、向日葵、甜菜、甘蔗、草皮等)。所述组合物和方法可以用于防治具有赋予对多种化学物质和/或多种作用模式的抑制剂具有耐受性的多重或叠加的特性的作物中的不期望的植被。在一些实施方式中,包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的除草组合物与下述除草剂组合使用,所述除草剂对于待处理的作物具有选择性并且补充由这些化合物按使用的施用率所防治的杂草谱。在一些实施方式中,本申请所述的组合物和其它补充除草剂或作为组合制剂或作为罐混合物在相同的时间施用,或者先后施用。
组合物和方法可以用于防治下述作物中的不需要植被,所述作物具有农业压力耐受性(agronomicstresstolerance)(包括但不限于干旱,寒冷,热量,盐,水,养分,肥力,pH),害虫耐受性(包括但不限于昆虫,真菌和病原体)和作物改良性状(cropimprovementtraits)(包括但不限于产量;蛋白质、糖类、或油含量;蛋白质、糖类、或油组成;植物成长状况和植物结构)。
在一些实施方式中,本申请披露的组合物可以用于防治不需要植被,包括禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草、莎草科杂草及其组合。在一些实施方式中,本申请提供的方法用于防治稻子中的不需要植被。在某些实施方式中,不需要植被是宽叶臂形草(Brachiariaplatyphylla(Groseb.)Nash或Urochloaplatyphylla(Nash)R.D.Webster)(阔叶信号草(broadleafsignalgrass),BRAPP),马唐(Digitariasanguinalis(L.)ScoP.)(红色马唐(largecrabgrass),DIGSA),稗品种(Echinochloaspecies(ECHSS)),稗草(Echinochloacrus-galli(L.)P.Beauv.)(稗(barnyardgrass),ECHCG),孔雀稗(Echinochloacrus-pavonis(Kunth)Schult.)(孔雀稗(gulfcockspur),ECHCV),光头稗(Echinochloacolonum(L.)LINK)(光头稗(junglerice),ECHCO),水田稗(Echinochloaoryzoides(Ard.)Fritsch)(早稗(earlywatergrass),ECHOR),Echinochloaoryzicola(Vasinger)Vasinger(晚稗(latewatergrass),ECHPH),水稗(Echinochloaphyllopogon(Stapf)Koso-PoL.)(稻子稗(ricebarnyardgrass),ECHPH),多穗稗(Echinochloapolystachya(Kunth)Hitchc.)(creepingrivergrass,ECHPO),田间鸭嘴草(IschaemumrugosumSalisb.)(saramollagrass,ISCRU),千金子(Leptochloachinensis(L.)Nees)(中国千金子(Chinesesprangletop),LEFCH),丛生千金子(Leptochloafascicularis(Lam.)Gray)(有芒千金子(beardedsprangletop),LEFFA),类黍千金子(Leptochloapanicoides(PresL.)Hitchc.)(亚马逊千金子(Amazonsprangletop),LEFPA),稻属品种(Oryzaspecies)(红色杂草型稻(redandweedyrice),ORYSS),洋野黍(Panicumdichotomiflorum(L.)Michx.)(fallpanicum,PANDI),毛花雀稗(PaspalumdilatatumPoir.)(dallisgrass,PASDI),筒轴茅(Rottboelliacochinchinensis(Lour.)W.D.Clayton)(itchgrass,ROOEX),莎草属品种(Cyperusspecies)(CYPSS),异型莎草(CyperusdifformisL.)(小花具节莎草(smallflowerflatsedge),CYPDI),CyperusdubiusRottb.(MAPDU),油莎草(CyperusesculentusL.)(黄色坚果莎草(yellownutsedge),CYPES),碎米莎草(CyperusiriaL.)(riceflatsedge,CYPIR),香附子(CyperusrotundusL.)(purplenutsedge,CYPRO),水莎草(CyperusserotinusRottb./C.B.Clarke)(tidalmarshflatsedge,CYPSE),荸荠品种(Eleocharisspecies)(ELOSS),水虱草(Fimbristylismiliacea(L.)Vahl)(globefringerush,FIMMI),蔺草品种(Schoenoplectusspecies)(SCPSS),萤蔺(SchoenoplectusjuncoidesRoxb.)(日本纸草(Japanesebulrush),SPCJU),三棱草(Bolboschoenusmaritimus(L.)Palla或SchoenoplectusmaritimusL.Lye)(seaclubrush,SCPMA),SchoenoplectusmucronatusL.(稻田纸草(ricefieldbulrush),SCPMU),合萌品种(Aeschynomenespecies)(jointvetch,AESSS),喜旱莲子草(Alternantheraphiloxeroides(Mart.)Griseb.)(alligatorweed,ALRPH),泽泻水生车前草属(Alismaplantago-aquaticaL.)(普通水生车前草(commonwaterplantain),ALSPA),苋品种(Amaranthusspecies),(藜(pigweeds)和苋属植物(amaranths),AMASS),红水苋(AmmanniacoccineaRottb.)(redstem,AMMCO),竹叶菜(CommelinabenghalensisL.)(孟加拉鸭跖草Benghaldayflower,COMBE),旱莲草(Ecliptaalba(L.)Hassk.)(醴肠(Americanfalsedaisy),ECLAL),沼生异蕊花(Heterantheralimosa(SW.)Willd。/Vahl)(ducksalad,HETLI),HeterantherareniformisR.&P.(roundleafmudplantain,HETRE),番薯品种(Ipomoeaspecies)(morningglories,IPOSS),裂叶牵牛(Ipomoeahederacea(L.)Jacq.)(ivyleafmorningglory,IPOHE),美洲母草(Linderniadubia(L.)Pennell)(lowfalsepimpernel,LIDDU),草龙品种(Ludwigiaspecies)(LUDSS),草龙(LudwigialinifoliaPoir.)(southeasternprimrose-willow,LUDLI),毛草龙(Ludwigiaoctovalvis(Jacq.)Raven)(longfruitedprimrose-willow,LUDOC),雨久花(MonochoriakorsakowiiRegel&Maack)(monochoria,MOOKA),鸭舌草(Monochoriavaginalis(Burm.F.)C.PreslexKuhth)(monochoria,MOOVA),裸花水竹叶(Murdannianudiflora(L.)Brenan)(doveweed,MUDNU),宾夕法尼亚蓼属(PolygonumpensylvanicumL.)(宾夕法尼亚荨麻(Pennsylvaniasmartweed),POLPY),春蓼(PolygonumpersicariaL.)(ladysthumb,POLPE),杠板归(PolygonumhydropiperoidesMichx.)(mildsmartweed,POLHP),节节菜(Rotalaindica(Willd.)Koehne)(Indiantoothcup,ROTIN),慈姑品种(Sagittariaspecies)(arrowhead,SAGSS),Sesbaniaexaltata(Raf.)Cory/Rydb.ExHill(大麻田菁属(hempsesbania),SEBEX),或尖瓣花(SphenocleazeylanicaGaertn.)(gooseweed,SPDZE)。
包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐的除草组合物可以用于防治对除草剂具有抗性或耐受性的杂草。利用本申请所述组合物的组合的方法也可以用于防治对除草剂具有抗性或耐受性的杂草。示例性的抗性或耐受性杂草包括但不限于,对以下物质具有抗性或耐受性的生物型:乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制剂或乙酰羟基酸合酶(AHAS)抑制剂(例如,咪唑啉酮,磺脲,嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯,三唑并嘧啶,磺酰基氨基羰基三唑啉酮),光合系统II抑制剂(例如,氨基甲酸苯基酯,哒嗪酮,三嗪,三嗪酮,尿嘧啶,酰胺,脲,苯并噻二嗪酮,腈,苯基哒嗪),乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂(例如,芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯,环己烷二酮,苯基吡唑啉),人工茁长素(例如,苯甲酸,苯氧基羧酸,吡啶羧酸,喹啉羧酸),茁长素运输抑制剂(例如,phthalamates,半卡巴腙),光合系统I抑制剂(例如,二吡啶(bipyridyliums)),5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合酶抑制剂(例如,草甘膦),谷氨酰胺合酶抑制剂(例如,草铵膦,bialafos),微管组装抑制剂(例如,苯甲酰胺,苯甲酸,二硝基苯胺,氨基磷酸酯,吡啶),有丝分裂抑制剂(例如,氨基甲酸酯),极长链脂肪酸(VLCFA)抑制剂(例如,乙酰胺,氯乙酰胺,氧乙酰胺,四唑啉酮),脂肪酸和脂质生物合成抑制剂(例如,磷硫酰,硫代氨基甲酸酯,苯并呋喃,氯碳酸),原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制剂(例如,二苯基醚,N-苯基邻苯二甲酰亚胺,二唑,唑烷二酮,苯基吡唑,嘧啶二酮,噻二唑,三唑啉酮),类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂(例如,异草酮(clomazone),杀草强(amitrole),苯草醚(aclonifen)),番茄红素脱氢酶(PDS)抑制剂(例如,酰胺,anilidex,呋喃酮,苯氧基丁烷酰胺,哒嗪酮,吡啶),4-羟基苯基-丙酮酸加双氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂(例如,红千层属(callistemones),异唑,吡唑,三酮),纤维素生物合成抑制剂(例如,腈,苯甲酰胺,二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac),三唑并甲酰胺),具有多种作用模式的除草剂例如二氯喹啉酸,和未分类的除草剂例如芳基氨基丙酸、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、茵多酸(endothall)和有机砷物质。示例性的抗性或耐受性杂草包括但不限于,对多种除草剂具有抗性或耐受性的生物型,对多种化学品类别具有抗性或耐受性的生物型,对多种除草剂作用模式具有抗性或耐受性的生物型,以及具有多种抗性或耐受性机理(例如,目标位点抗性或代谢抗性)的生物型。
在某些情形中,可以通过(a)和(b)的组合防治的不需要植被选自水田稗(Echinochloaoryzoides)(早稗(earlywatergrass),ECHOR),香附子(Cyperusrotundus)(purplenutsedge,CYPRO)或其组合。
通过非限定性说明的方式,下面给出本公开某些实施方式的实施例。
实施例
施用五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)以及异噁草
酮(clomazone)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)的组合的协同杂草防治评价
将所需测试植物品种的杂草种子或果核种植在淤泥土(泥浆)中,该淤泥土通过将细碎的未灭菌的矿质土壤(50.5%淤泥,25.5%粘土,和24%沙子,其pH为约7.6和有机物质含量为约2.9%)和水按1:1的体积比混合制备。将制备的泥浆按365mL等分分配到16-盎司(oz.)表面积为86.59平方厘米(cm2)的无穿孔的塑料壶中,在每个壶中顶部空间空出3厘米(cm)。在塑料塞盘子中,将稻子种子种植在SunGro306种植混合物中,该混合物的pH通常为6.0至6.8和有机物质含量为约30%。在施用除草剂四天之前,将处于生长的第二或第三真叶期的秧苗移植到包含在表面积为86.59cm2的32-oz.无穿孔的塑料壶中的860mL泥浆中。通过用水填满壶的2.5至3cm顶部空间来产生稻田。当需要确保良好的萌芽和健康的植物时,施用杀真菌剂处理物和/或其它化学或物理处理物。将植物在温室中生长4-22天,该温室具有约14h光周期,该温室在白天保持在约29℃,在夜晚保持在26℃。以2g每16-oz.壶和4g每32-oz.壶添加营养物Osmocote(17:6:10,N:P:K+少量营养物)。有规律地添加水以保持稻田淹没,当需要时,使用空中金属卤化物1000-瓦灯提供补充照明。当植物达到第一至第四真叶期时,将它们用于测试。
五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)的处理物由五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)组成,单独地或者组合施用。异噁草酮(clomazone)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)的处理物由异噁草酮(clomazone)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)组成,单独地或者组合施用。五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)以SC配制,异噁草酮(clomazone)以3ME配制,苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)以3.5%可流动(3.5%flowable)或者作为技术等级材料配制。
基于以下计算各化合物或除草组分的处理物需要量:待测试的施用率,制剂中活性成分或酸等价物的浓度,2mL每种组分每壶的施用体积,以及86.59cm2每壶的施用面积。
对于配制的化合物,将测量量的所述化合物放进单个100或200mL玻璃小瓶中,并将其溶解于一定体积的1.25%(v/v)作物油浓缩物中,以获得施用溶液。如果测试化合物不容易溶解,则将混合物加热和/或超声。
对于技术等级化合物,可将称量量的所述化合物放进单个100至200mL玻璃小瓶中,并将其溶解于一定体积的丙酮中,以获得浓缩的原料溶液。如果测试化合物不容易溶解,则可将混合物加热和/或超声。将所得浓缩原料溶液用等体积的包含2.5%(v/v)作物油浓缩物的含水混合物稀释,由此最终施用溶液包含1.25%(v/v)作物油浓缩物。
将处理的植物和对照植物在施用22天之后随机定级(ratedblindly)不需要植被的视觉伤害。如上所述,定级基于0-100%的等级,其中0%表示对不需要植被无伤害,100%表示彻底防治不需要植被。
如上所述,Colby方程用于确定混合物所预期的除草效果。在使用组合物之后22天测定的结果在表1(五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon))和表2(异噁草酮(clomazone)和苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon))提供。
试验显示预料不到的协同,在p-值检验下发现那些结果在统计上是显著的。下面给出试验的除草剂桶混合物组合、采用的施用率与比率、试验的植物物种、和结果。
表1.在温室的移植稻子中水中单独或组合施用五氟磺草胺和苯并双环酮的协同杂草防治活性
表2.在温室的移植稻子中水中单独或组合施用异噁草酮和苯并双环酮的协同杂草防治活性
所附权利要求的组合物和方法不限于通过本申请中所述的特定组合物和方法的范围,其意在对权利要求一些方面的说明,功能等同的任何组合物和方法都意在落入权利要求的范围内。除本申请中所示和所述的那些之外,组合物和方法的各种改进都意在落入所附权利要求的范围内。此外,尽管具体描述了仅在本申请中披露的某些代表性组合物和方法步骤,但即使未具体详述,组合物和方法步骤的其它组合也都意在落入所附权利要求范围内。因此,本申请可明确述及步骤、元素、组分或成分的组合,然而,尽管未明确述及,但是也包括步骤、元素、组分和成分的其它组合。本申请中使用的术语“包含”及其变型与术语“包括”及其变型在用法上是同义的,都是开放性、非限定性术语。尽管本申请使用术语“包含”和“包括”描述各种实施方式,但是术语“基本上由.....组成”和“由.....组成”可用于替换“包含”和“包括”以提供本申请也公开的更具体实施方式。除了在实施例中之外,或另有说明,在说明书和权利要求中使用的用于表达成分和反应条件等的所有数字都要理解为“至少”,其并非意图限制与权利要求范围等同原则的应用,要根据有效数字的位数和通常的舍入方法进行解释。
Claims (38)
1.一种除草组合物,其包含协同除草有效量的(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中(a)包括五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐。
3.权利要求2的组合物,其中(a)比(b)的重量比为1:80至2.5:1。
4.权利要求2的组合物,其中(a)比(b)的重量比为1:30至1.6:1。
5.权利要求1或2的组合物,其中(a)包括异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐。
6.权利要求5的组合物,其中(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐比(b)的重量比为1:4至50:1。
7.权利要求5的组合物,其中(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐比(b)的重量比为1.3至28:1。
8.权利要求1-7中任一项的组合物,其还包括另外的农药。
9.权利要求8的组合物,其中所述另外的农药包括选自以下的一种或多种农药:吡草酮(benzofenap),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop),香草隆(daimuron),戊噁唑草(pentoxazone),禾草畏(esprocarb),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron),丁草胺(butachlor),丙草胺(pretilachlor),双醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),呋草磺(benfuresate),甲基磺草酮(mesotrione),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone),以及它们的农用盐或酯。
10.权利要求1-9中任一项的组合物,其还包括除草剂安全剂。
11.权利要求1-10中任一项的组合物,其还包括农用辅料或载体。
12.权利要求1-11中任一项的组合物,其通过Colby方程确定是协同的。
13.权利要求1-12中任一项的组合物,其中所述组合物作为除草剂浓缩物提供。
14.一种防治稻子中不需要植被的方法,所述方法包括向植被或与所述植被相邻的区域,或者向土壤或水施用(a)五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐或者异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐,和(b)苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)或其农用盐,以防止植被的发芽或生长,其中(a)和(b)各自的使用量足以产生协同除草效果。
15.权利要求14的方法,其中同时施用(a)和(b)。
16.权利要求14的方法,其中先后施用(a)和(b)。
17.权利要求14-16中任一项的方法,其中向水施用(a)和(b),以防止不需要植被的发芽。
18.权利要求14-17中任一项的方法,其中(a)包括五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)或其农用盐。
19.权利要求18的方法,其中(a)比(b)的重量比为1:80至2.5:1。
20.权利要求18的方法,其中(a)比(b)的重量比为1:30至1.6:1。
21.权利要求18-20中任一项的方法,其中(a)的施用量为5–50gai/ha。
22.权利要求14-18中任一项的方法,其中(a)包括异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐。
23.权利要求22的方法,其中(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐比(b)的重量比为1:4至50:1。
24.权利要求22的方法,其中(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐比(b)的重量比为1:3至28:1。
25.权利要求22-24中任一项的方法,其中(a)异噁草酮(clomazone)或其农用盐的施用量为100–1000gai/ha。
26.权利要求14-25中任一项的方法,其中(b)的施用量为20–400gai/ha。
27.权利要求14-26中任一项的方法,还包括施用另外的农药。
28.权利要求27的方法,其中所述另外的农药包括选自以下的一种或多种农药:吡草酮(benzofenap),氰氟草酯(cyhalofop),香草隆(daimuron),戊噁唑草(pentoxazone),禾草畏(esprocarb),吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron),丁草胺(butachlor),丙草胺(pretilachlor),双醚氯吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron),苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron-methyl),唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron),四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron),溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide),呋草磺(benfuresate),甲基磺草酮(mesotrione),噁嗪草酮(oxazichlomefone)以及它们的农用盐或酯。
29.权利要求14-28中任一项的方法,还包括施用除草剂安全剂。
30.权利要求14-29中任一项的方法,还包括施用农用辅料或载体。
31.权利要求14-30中任一项的方法,其中(a)和(b)通过Colby方程确定是协同的。
32.权利要求14-31中任一项的方法,其中在水中播种或移植的稻子中防治所述不需要植被。
33.权利要求14-32中任一项的方法,其中所述不需要植被包括阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草、莎草科杂草或其组合。
34.权利要求14-33中任一项的方法,其中在以下作物中防治不需要植被:草甘膦耐受作物,5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合酶抑制剂耐受作物,草铵膦耐受作物,谷氨酰胺合酶抑制剂耐受作物,麦草畏耐受作物,苯氧基茁长素耐受作物,吡啶氧基茁长素耐受作物,人工茁长素耐受作物,茁长素运输抑制剂耐受作物,芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯耐受作物,环己烷二酮耐受作物,苯基吡唑啉耐受作物,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂耐受作物,咪唑啉酮耐受作物,磺脲耐受作物,嘧啶基硫代苯甲酸酯耐受作物,三唑并嘧啶耐受作物,磺酰基氨基羰基三唑啉酮耐受作物,乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制剂或乙酰羟基酸合酶(AHAS)抑制剂耐受作物,4-羟基苯基-丙酮酸加双氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂耐受作物,番茄红素脱氢酶抑制剂耐受作物,类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制剂耐受作物,纤维素生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,有丝分裂抑制剂耐受作物,微管抑制剂耐受作物,极长链脂肪酸抑制剂耐受作物,脂肪酸和脂质生物合成抑制剂耐受作物,光合系统I抑制剂耐受作物,光合系统II抑制剂耐受作物,三嗪耐受作物,或溴苯腈耐受作物。
35.权利要求34的方法,其中所述耐受作物具有赋予对多种除草剂或多种作用模式的耐受性的多重或叠加的特性。
36.权利要求14-35中任一项的方法,其中所述不需要植被包括抗除草剂或耐受除草剂的杂草。
37.权利要求36的方法,其中所述抗性或耐受性杂草是生物型,对多种除草剂、多种化学品种类、多种除草剂作用模式、或经多种抗性机理具有抗性或耐受性。
38.权利要求36或37的方法,其中所述抗性或耐受性杂草是对以下物质具有抗性或耐受性的生物型:乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制剂或乙酰羟基酸合酶(AHAS)抑制剂,光合系统II抑制剂,乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACCase)抑制剂,人工茁长素,茁长素运输抑制剂,光合系统I抑制剂,5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸(EPSP)合酶抑制剂,微管组装抑制剂,脂肪酸和脂质合成抑制剂,原卟啉原氧化酶(PPO)抑制剂,类胡萝卜素生物合成抑制剂,极长链脂肪酸(VLCFA)合成抑制剂,番茄红素脱氢酶(PDS)抑制剂,谷氨酰胺合酶抑制剂,4-羟基苯基-丙酮酸加双氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂,有丝分裂抑制剂,纤维素生物合成抑制剂,具有多种作用模式的除草剂,二氯喹啉酸,芳基氨基丙酸,野燕枯,茵多酸,或有机砷。
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