CN105211623A - A kind of preparation method of feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of feed stripped, particularly a kind of biological manufacture method of raising the activated feed of many stomaches domestic animal; The present invention is by brewer's yeast and other materials mix and blend, and add microorganism pulse family Sesbania cannabina rhizobium, spontaneous fermentation forms.The domestic animal of this feed cattle and sheep classification can be used, eliminate the pollution of brewery to environment, the fixing high-quality activated feed that cattle and sheep are had is sufficient, change the situation of many stomaches feed strippeds such as the cattle and sheep that market does not have, without any chemical additive in the process of producing feed, be All Pure Nature, production process of the present invention can reach zero-emission.

Description

A kind of preparation method of feed

Technical field: the technology of preparing that the present invention relates to feed, particularly relates to a kind of agriculture and industry waste and animal and plant feedstuff of mainly utilizing and prepares inexpensive and method that the is feed of full price.

Background technology: exploitation feed, especially at Pingba staple food grain district and the inexpensive grain-saving type monogastric animal feed of Mountain Debelopment, is the important technology economic condition of these regional development animal husbandry.Deep development and utilize the discarded object (particularly those are containing the much higher fiber feedstuff resource of crude fibre) in existing industrial or agricultural postpartum, produce the feed that nutrition is high, digestibility is high, be the important shortcut developing inexpensive grain-saving feed, this point is noticed always, payes attention to.But, although so far people to multifilament feed resource-stalk resource, forage grass resource, woods leaf resource, industrial slag grain resource have employed some physics, chemistry, microorganism or the process means of daily ration collocation to overcome these resources especially content of lignin is high, protein content is low as limiting factor during feed and crude fibre.The defect of digestibility and palatability difference, then due to the single of processing method or be simply one, the combination of binomial, though have made some progress, and unresolved price is high, comprehensively and reasonably problem is owed in nutrition, not yet reaches full price and the low effect of expense." stalk health-care feed " that Chongqing county of Sichuan Province one feed factory is produced, only make chemical tendering fermentation process, water content reaches more than 80%, 500g price 0.07-0.08 unit, amount to into dry one kilogram and close 0.8 yuan, add and separately purchase feed addictive, its price, expense are higher, and feeding cost is difficult to reduce.Chinese patent application CNt037070a discloses a kind of steam HTHP that adopts and to splash compound stalk, the crude fibre contained by it and lignin is made conversion to occur and make the method for feed, though this method can improve nutritive value and the palatability of feed, but right not comprehensive nutrition, rationally appointed by the feed made, protein equal size is low, need add protein feed, energy material, mineral material etc. again, cost is still very high.

Given this, the object of this invention is to provide one, mainly to utilize industrial or agricultural discarded object in postpartum to prepare price low, and the method for the feed of nutrition full price, reaches effect of province's grain, full price, epidemic prevention with the Feed Energy that the method is made.

Summary of the invention: to achieve these goals, solution of the present invention comprises system process industrial or agricultural such as adopting machinery, physical chemistry, biotechnology, reinforcement technique and discards feedstuff, makes it finally to become inexpensive grain-saving type complete feed.Specifically, the present invention includes and first the vegetality feedstuff drying high containing crude fibre is played the part of broken, again flour is dropped into the splashing process carrying out steam or machinery in splashing machine, make the cellulose in plant cell type, hemicellulose, this quality is separated, then decompose or decomposed, an ancient unit of weight material processes through high pressure (steam) splashing according to surveying and determination, crude fibre can decline 5% by 20% containing putting, to splashing process, a certain amount of grain germination powder and/or barley germination powder is added in premix, and this premix-germination is played the part of mixture add water connect to sprout kind after drop into fermentation vat in the lump and (in tank >, carry out anaerobic fermentation, containing multiple catabolic enzyme body and abundant nutrient in germination powder, enzyme physical efficiency strengthening material component is in the conversion of sweat, nutrient can improve vigor and the reproductive capacity of microorganism, by fermentation, cultivate mycoprotein, greatly improve the protein content of fermentation material, material also obtains good softening by fermentation.Some carbohydrate become low-grade carboxylic acid, and a small amount of cellulose and hemicellulose become carbohydrate; After fermentation, discharging is carried out fermenting and dehydrate and be finely ground into the air-dry material of powdery, its nutritional labeling of sampling Detection, then strengthening operation is entered, according to livestock and poultry do not plant kind, child-bearing period raise and train requirement, carry out adjusting, balancing, add animal fodder, mineral additive and epidemic prevention drug, be made into complete feed.This complete feed, is mainly transformed into by multifilament feedstuff, less with grain, and the complete feed based on grain is compared, and price is low, has more epidemic prevention, disease-resistant effect simultaneously.

Premix in above-mentioned conversion process-germination powder mixture adds the a-amylase agent having and account for 3-5wt% in mixture before carrying out anaerobic fermentation, β-glucanase the agent of 3-4wt% and the carbohydrase agent of 10-15wt%, carry out fermentation preferment pretreatment (throw and carry out in enzymolysis spherical tank) or enzymolysis and fermentation simultaneously, three fermentoid agent be 4-5wt% containing enzyme amount.By ferment treatment, impel that the shallow lake in mixture is played the part of, fiber is converted into glucose, also impel some composition saccharification, improve sugar content; By ferment treatment also for the microorganism in sweat provides cost-effective carbon source, accelerate the breeding of microorganism, improve the protein content of fermentation material.

The splashing pressure of the splashing process in above-mentioned preparation method is 12-15 kilograms/cm ²temperature is 150-180 DEG C, and steam is splashed to turn to and asked that disconnected input is expected, asks to be 35-50 minutes when being detained splashing in the middle of it; Machinery splash turn to enter continuously, discharge, its splashing extrusion time is 2-4 seconds.

In above-mentioned preparation method, the grain germination powder added in premix and/or barley germination powder, its addition is 25-35wt% (weight ratio).

In above-mentioned preparation method, before fermentation, the bacterial classification that connects is lactic acid bacteria.

The anaerobic fermentation time in above-mentioned preparation method is 4-6 days, and temperature is 27-35 DEG C.

In above-mentioned preparation method, the animal fodder added in strengthening operation is all or part of animality waste material one skin, plumage, angle, hoof, bone slag etc. through soaking 24 hours with the watery hydrochloric acid of 2-3%, thereafter be filtered dry and send in pressure vessel, at steam pressure 6-8 kilogram/cm ², heat-treat 40-70 minutes at temperature 150-180 DEG C, and then dry, fine grinding is obtained.

The epidemic prevention drug added in above-mentioned strengthening operation is that Chinese medicine hundred taste developed by Chinese medicine slag falls apart.

Complete feed prepared by the present invention, can extrude granulating type by comminutor, then bag distribution packaging.

Compared with the present invention is prepared with the existing complete feed based on grain, there is (1) and make full use of agriculture and industry waste, hew out a large amount of feed resources, and add Appropriate application, industrialization can be realized and transform production; (2) reinforcement technique in the enzyme engineering in bioengineering and the technology of splashing physically, allotment is applied, thoroughly destroy the lignin being difficult to digest and assimilate, cracking cellulose and hemicellulose, improve sugared part content and protein, amino acid whose kind and content etc.; (3) improve nutritional labeling and digestion, absorptivity, Feed Energy per ton saves 200 kilograms, feed grain, through intensive treatment, become complete feed, its per kilogram product cost, less than 0.6 yuan, is only equivalent to rice bran, wheat bran or single corn price, feeding under condition on an equal basis with other daily rations, can reduce feeding cost more than one times, pig grows soon, fatten soon, laying hen egg yield is stablized; (4) after intensive treatment, in the process of feeding, can dietary function be played, strengthen immunocompetence, the generation of prevention poultry, avian disease, and dam can be improved give milk and put; (5) applicability is strong, can be promoted in family, rural culture, feed lot, animal farm or pasture, opens a useful way both for multifilament feed resource.

The present invention is further illustrated below with embodiment.

Case study on implementation

By various multifilament waste material (as straw kind, chaff shell class, slag grain class, blade of grass class) impurity elimination, removing Ai, corruption, rotten raw material, selected feeding is pulverized through pulverizer, grinding particle size specification is without starting requirement, after pulverizing, its powder is dropped into splashing in splashing machine, splashing machine is advisable with 1 ton/hour, and splashing pressure is 12-15 kilogram/cm ², temperature is 150-l80 DEG C, and steam is changed to be interrupted throws in material, middle asks to be 35-50 minutes when being detained, machinery splash turn to enter continuously, discharge, the splashing extrusion process time is 2-4 seconds; Splashing can impel crude fibre be converted into into nonruminant utilize nutrient, and improve digestibility, as chaff shell, vinasse class contain the crude fibre put greatly, in crude fibre, this lignin content is especially high, the digestibility of nonruminant is about 4.5-8.1%, after splashing cracking, be 24.5-25.6% thick protein 31.2-36.8% crude fat 59.5-60% to the digestibility of dry, crude fibre 4.8%, solubility reach 17.5-21% digestibility improve more than two times without Gas element thing 36.10%, crude ash content 0.041% total digestibilities, quality is soft, loose, be not with fume stink, palatability is fine.After splashing process, in premix, add corn or the barley germination powder of 25-35wt% (air-dry weight ratio); Then to vanish compound dry amount ratio by premix one powder that germinates; add water about 40-50%, then add a-amylase agent 3-5%(weight ratio) β-glucanase agent 3-4%, carbohydrase agent 10-15%; containing enzyme amount in three kinds of agent is 4-5wt%; all the other are Bran thing, inoculate the brewer yeast bacterium that moans, again fully mix-and drop into fermentation vat; the very useful plastic film sealing in pond; carry out anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time 4-6 days, temperature 27-35 DEG C; Realizing suitability for industrialized production as having ready conditions, before fermentation, can drop into adding the compound having various enzyme agent in enzymolysis spherical tank the ferment treatment carried out separately under normal temperature, being just fed in fermentation tank after ferment treatment and carrying out anaerobic fermentation.After having fermented, discharging dehydrates, baking temperature is no more than 80 DEG C and is advisable, dry thing is worn into fine powder, after sampling Detection, enter strengthening operation again, according to detection data, allocate, add mineral feed and the animal fodder of powdery, full Zou of animal fodder or part be animality waste material-skin, hair, plumage, angle hoof, bone slag etc., through screening impurity elimination, use the watery hydrochloric acid soak degreasing 24 hours of 2-3% respectively, be filtered dry, send in pressure dissolving device respectively, heat-treat further degreasing, come unstuck, its steam pressure is 6-8/cm ²kilogram temperature 130-150 DEG C, 40-70 minutes time, is disposed, enters dry chamber, dry respectively with 60-75 DEG C of wind-warm syndrome, finally abrasive dust respectively, detects obtained.And antibiotic, antioxidant and mould inhibitor etc. loose with Chinese medicine hundred taste of Chinese medicine slag development are also added with, last pelletizing of raw material, packaging warehouse-in in strengthening operation.

To raise pigs good effect with complete feed prepared by said method.Feed doping is joined for first group (control group) with commercially available, with product of the present invention for second group, do feeding comparative trial, often organize 4 pigs, though it is 186.5 kilograms that first group raises the original gross weight of pig, put down and know to be 46.4 kgs/head, second group gross weight 188.8 kilograms, balance bite Gu 47.2 kgs/head, identical raise and train condition under, feed 30 days, off-test is weighed, and it is 266.8 kilograms that first group raises pig gross weight, and on average every daily gain is 0.66 kilogram, wherein one is moved Xi and resembles, and hair color is smooth not as second group pig; Second group gross weight is 289 kilograms, and average daily gain is 0.835 kilogram, and without any ill phenomenon, very well, skin is ruddy, and hair color is smooth, and feed cost have dropped 30% for spirit.Product of the present invention raises chicken, also has excellent effect, and chicken growth is very fast, and egg production is stablized, and its feeding experiment is carried out.Feed prepared by visible the present invention belongs to high-quality, inexpensive grain-saving type complete feed.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of a feed, a kind of particularly method agriculture and industry waste being converted into animal complete feed, it comprises and first will contain the high vegetality feedstuff drying and crushing of crude fibre, again flour is dropped in splashing machine and carry out splashing process, it is characterized in that in the premix after splashing process, add a certain amount of cereal sends out powder and/or barley germination powder fragrant, this premix-germination powder mixture is added water to drop in the lump in fermentation vat (tank) after connecing bacterial classification and carry out anaerobic fermentation, after fermentation, discharging is carried out dehydrating and be finely ground into powdery airing materials, and then enter strengthening operation, as required, animal fodder is added in air-dry powder after fermentation, the adjustment such as mineral additive and epidemic prevention drug, balance and be made into complete feed.

2. the preparation method of feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that premix-germination powder mixture add before entering anaerobic fermentation account for the a-amylase agent of mixture dry matter 3-5Wt%, the carbohydrase agent of the β-glucanase agent of 3-4wt% and 10-15wt% carries out the pretreatment of fermentation preferment or ferment treatment and fermentation and carries out simultaneously, three described fermentoid agent purity are very low, and pure enzyme content is 4-5wt%.