CN1039871C - Process for preparing biological epidemic-prevention fodder - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing biologic epidemic prevention fodder. A large number of industrial and agriculture waste material, industrial grain stillage, grass dregs from paper mills, bagasse from sugar refineries, fur and hair bits after leather making, the forage fodder of agriculture straws and stalks, bean straws, bean husks and other waste is processed by mechanical processing, puffing, enzymolysis, saccharification, microbe fermentation and reinforcement. Lignin, split cellulose and hemicellulose in fiber are removed, the contents of saccharide and protein are improved, and animal protein, mineral trace elements, hundred of traditional Chinese medicine powder and antibiotic are replenished for supplement. Full-valence fodder which has the advantages of high nutrition and low cost and has the functions of medical treatment and epidemic prevention is prepared.

Description

Agriculture and industry waste is changed into the preparation method of biological epidemic-prevention fodder

The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of feed, particularly relating to a kind of agriculture and industry waste that mainly utilizes is the method for the feed of the inexpensive and full price of animal and plant forage feedstock production.

The exploitation feed especially in Pingba staple food grain district and the inexpensive grain-saving type monogastric animal feed of mountain area exploitation, is the important technology economic condition of developing animal husbandry in these areas.Deep development and utilize the existing industrial or agricultural discarded object (particularly those contain the high multifilament feed resource of crude fibre) in postpartum, produce nutrition height, digestibility high feed, be an important shortcut of the inexpensive grain-saving feed of exploitation.This point is gazed at, is paid attention to by people always.But, although people are to multifilament feed resource-stalk resource so far, forage grass resource, woods leaf resource, the poor resource of industrial slag has adopted some physics, chemistry, processing means microorganism or the daily ration collocation overcome especially content of lignin height of the limiting factor crude fibre of these resources as feed the time, protein content is low, the defective of digestibility and palatability difference, then because processing method single or simply be, the combination of binomial, though obtained some progress, but and unresolved price height, comprehensively and reasonably problem is owed in nutrition, does not reach the low effect of full price and expense as yet." the straw health protection feed " that Chongqing, Sichuan Province county one feed factory is produced, only made the chemical tendering fermentation process, water content reaches more than 80%, 500g price 0.07-0.08 unit, amount to into one kilogram of dry and close 0.8 yuan, add and purchase feed addictive in addition, its price, expense are higher, and feeding cost is difficult to reduce.Chinese patent application CN1037070A discloses a kind of employing steam HTHP and has splashed and turn the thing straw into, its contained crude fibre and lignin take place to be transformed and make the method for feed, though this method can improve the nutritive value and the palatability of feed, but the feed of making is hypotrophy face, reasonable still, the protein equal size is low, need add protein feed, energy material, mineral material etc. again, cost is still very high.

Given this, the objective of the invention is that a kind of mainly to utilize industrial or agricultural discarded object in postpartum to prepare price low in order to provide, the preparation method who agriculture and industry waste is changed into biological epidemic-prevention fodder of nutrition full price, the feed made from the method can reach the effect of province's grain, full price, epidemic prevention.

To achieve these goals, solution of the present invention comprises discarded feedstuff such as the system handles industrial or agricultural of adopting machinery, physical chemistry, biotechnology, reinforcement technique, makes it finally to become inexpensive grain-saving type complete feed.Specifically, the present invention includes and to contain the high vegetality feedstuff drying and crushing of crude fibre earlier, the splashing processing of steam or machinery will be carried out again in splashing of the flour input machine, cellulose, hemicellulose, this quality in the plant cell type are separated, then decompose or the part decomposition, material is through the processing of splashing of high pressure (steam) according to surveying and determination, and crude fiber content can drop to 5% by 20%; After the splashing processing, in splashing material, add grain germination powder and/or barley germination powder, and this splashing material-germination powder mixture is added water connect to drop in the lump in the fermentation vat (jar) behind the bacterial classification and carry out anaerobic fermentation, institute is a saccharomyces cerevisiae by bacterial classification before the fermentation, the anaerobic fermentation time is 4～6 days, temperature is 27～35 ℃, contain multiple catabolic enzyme body and abundant nutrient in the germination powder, the enzyme physical efficiency is strengthened the conversion of material component at sweat, nutrient can improve vigor and the reproductive capacity of microorganism, by fermentation, cultivated mycoprotein, improved the protein content of fermentation material greatly, material also obtains good softening by fermentation, some carbohydrate have become the low-grade carboxylic acid, and a spot of cellulose and hemicellulose have become carbohydrate; Fermentation back discharging dehydrates and the air-dry material of fine grinding powdering, its nutritional labeling of sampling Detection, enter the reinforcement operation then, do not plant kind, educate the poultry raising requirement in the length of time according to livestock and poultry, Chinese medicine hundred flavors that add animal fodder, mineral additive and Chinese medicine slag development loose, and are made into complete feed.This complete feed mainly is to be transformed by the multifilament feedstuff, and is less with grain, compares with the complete feed based on grain, and price is low, has more epidemic prevention, disease-resistant effect simultaneously.

Splashing material one germination powder mixture in the above-mentioned conversion process adds before carrying out anaerobic fermentation the AMS agent that accounts for mixture dry matter 3-5wt%, the β-1 of 3-4wt%, the carbohydrase agent of polydextrose hydrolase agent of 4-Portugal and 10-15wt%, ferment preferment preliminary treatment (throw and carry out) or enzymolysis and fermentation simultaneously in the enzymolysis spherical tank, and the enzyme amount that contains of three fermentoid agent is 4-5wt%.Handle by enzyme, impel starch, fiber in the mixture to be converted into glucose, also impel some composition saccharification, improve sugar content; Handle also for the microorganism in the sweat provides cost-effective carbon source by enzyme, quicken the breeding of microorganism, improve the protein content of fermentation material.

The splashing pressure of the splashing processing among the above-mentioned preparation method is the 1.2-1.5 MPa, and temperature is 150-180 ℃, and steam is splashed to turn to be interrupted and thrown in material, and being detained the splashing time in the middle of it is 35-50 minute; Machinery is splashed and is turned to continuously, discharge, and its splashing extrusion time is 2-4 second.

Among the above-mentioned preparation method, grain germination powder that in splashing material, adds and/or barley germination powder, its addition is 25-35wt% (weight ratio).

Among the above-mentioned preparation method, the animal fodder that adds in strengthening operation is all or part of watery hydrochloric acid immersion through using 2-3% (weight) such as animality waste material-Pi, plumage, angle, hoof, bone slag 24 hours that is, thereafter filter dried sending in the pressure vessel, in steam pressure 0.6-0.8 MPa, heat-treated under temperature 150-180 ℃ 40-70 minute, and then dry, fine grinding makes.

The epidemic prevention medicine that adds in above-mentioned reinforcement operation looses for Chinese medicine hundred flavors by the Chinese medicine slag development.

The complete feed of the present invention's preparation can push granulating type, bag distribution packaging then by comminutor.

The present invention compares with existing complete feed preparation based on grain, has (1) and makes full use of agriculture and industry waste, hews out a large amount of feed resources, and adds rationally and utilize, and can realize that industrialization transforms production; (2) enzyme engineering in the bioengineering and splashing technology physically, the reinforcement technique in the allotment have been used, thoroughly destroyed and be difficult to this quality of digesting and assimilating, cracking cellulose and hemicellulose, improved sugared part content and protein, amino acid whose kind and content etc.; (3) nutritional labeling and digestion, absorptivity have been improved, feed per ton can be saved 200 kilograms in feed grain, through intensive treatment, become complete feed, 0.6 yuan of its per kilogram product cost less than only is equivalent to rice bran, wheat bran or single corn price, feeding on an equal basis under the condition with other daily rations, can reduce feeding cost more than one times, pig only grows soon, fills fertile fast, and laying hen egg yield is stable; (4) after intensive treatment, in the process of feeding, can play dietary function, strengthen immunocompetence, the generation of prevention poultry, avian disease, and can improve the dam output of milk: (5) applicability is strong, can be promoted in family, rural culture, feed lot, animal farm or pasture, both deep development and the utilization for the multifilament feed resource provided an effective way, also opened up a useful way for inexpensive producing of grain-saving type complete feed.

Further specify the present invention with embodiment below.

Embodiment:

With various multifilament waste materials (as straw kind, chaff shell class, the poor class of slag, blade of grass class) impurity elimination, remove detoxification, corruption, rotten raw material, selected material is pulverized through pulverizer, the grinding particle size specification does not have specific (special) requirements, after the pulverizing with splashing in its splashing of powder input machine, splashing machine is advisable with 1 ton/hour, splashing pressure is 1.2～1.5 MPas, temperature is 150-180 ℃, steam is splashed to turn to be interrupted and is thrown in material, the middle holdup time is 35-50 minute, and machinery is splashed and turned to continuously, discharge, and the splashing extrusion process time is 2-4 second; Splashing can promote to make crude fibre to be converted into the nutrient that the single action thing utilizes, and raising digestibility, as sugared shell, the vinasse class contains a large amount of crude fibres, essential cellulose content is high especially in the crude fibre, the digestibility of nonruminant is about 4.5-8.1%, after splashing cracking, is 24.5-25.6% to the digestibility of dry, thick protein 31.2-36.8%, crude fat 59.5-60%, crude fibre 4.8%, solubility does not have nitrogen thing 36.10%, crude ash content 0.041%, total digestibility reaches 17.5-21%, and digestibility improves more than two times, the quality softness, loose, be not with the fume stink, palatability is fine.After the splashing processing, in splashing material, add the corn or the barley germination powder of 25-35wt% (air-dry weight ratio); By splashing material-germination powder mixture dry weight ratio, add the about 40-50% of water then, add AMS agent 3-5% (weight ratio) again, β-1,4-Portugal polydextrose hydrolase agent 3-4%, carbohydrase agent 10-15%, containing the enzyme amount in three kinds of agent is 4-5wt%, all the other are the bran thing, inoculate saccharomyces cerevisiae, fully mix once more-and drop into fermentation vat, the very useful plastic film sealing in pond, carry out anaerobic fermentation, fermentation time 4-6 days, temperature 27-35 ℃; As the realization suitability for industrialized production of having ready conditions, can before fermentation, have the compound of various enzyme agent to drop into the enzyme that carries out separately in the enzymolysis spherical tank under the normal temperature adding and handle, just be fed into after enzyme is handled and carry out anaerobic fermentation in the fermentation tank.After fermentation is finished, discharging dehydrates, baking temperature is no more than 80 ℃ and is advisable, dry thing is worn into fine powder, after the sampling Detection, enter the reinforcement operation again, according to detecting data, allocate, add the mineral forage and the animal fodder of powdery, animal fodder is all or part of to be animality waste material-Pi, hair, plumage, the angle hoof, bone slag etc., through the screening impurity elimination, use the watery hydrochloric acid soak degreasing 24 hours of 2-3% (weight) respectively, filter is done, and sends in the pressure dissolving device respectively, heat-treat further degreasing, come unstuck, its steam pressure is 0.6～0.8 MPa, temperature 130-150 ℃, time 40-70 minute, dispose, enter hothouse, dry respectively with 60-75 ℃ of wind-warm syndrome, distinguish abrasive dust at last, detection makes.Chinese medicine hundred flavors that also are added with in strengthening operation with the Chinese medicine slag development loose and antibiotic, antioxidant and mould inhibitor etc., last pelletizing of raw material, packing warehouse-in.

With the complete feed of the method for preparing good effect of raising pigs.With commercially available mixed feed doping is first group (control group), with product of the present invention is the second group, do the feeding comparative trial, every group of 4 pigs, it is 186.5 kilograms that the first group is raised the only original gross weight of pig, 46.4 kilograms/head of average out to, 188.8 kilograms of second group gross weights, 47.2 kilograms/head of counterpoise is under identical raising condition, fed 30 days, off-test is weighed, and it is 266.8 kilograms that the first group is raised a pig gross weight, and average every daily gain is 0.66 kilogram, wherein one is moved the Xi and resembles, and hair color is only smooth not as second group pig; Second group gross weight is 289 kilograms, and average daily gain is 0.835 kilogram, does not have any ill phenomenon, and spirit is fine, and skin is ruddy, and hair color is smooth, and feed cost has descended 30%.Product of the present invention is raised chicken, also has good effect, and the chicken growth is very fast, and egg production is stable, and its feeding experiment is carried out.As seen the feed of the present invention's preparation belongs to high-quality, inexpensive grain-saving type complete feed.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of preparation method who agriculture and industry waste is changed into biological epidemic-prevention fodder, comprise and to contain the high vegetality feedstuff drying and crushing of crude fibre earlier, again with splashing processing in splashing of the flour input machine, it is characterized in that in the splashing material after splashing processing, adding grain germination powder and/or barley germination powder, this splashing material-germination powder mixture is added water to be connect to drop in the lump behind the bacterial classification and carries out anaerobic fermentation in fermentation vat or the fermentation tank, fermentation back discharging dehydrates and fine grinding powdering airing materials, and then enter the reinforcement operation, promptly add animal fodder in the air-dry powder after fermentation, Chinese medicine hundred flavors of mineral additive and Chinese medicine slag development loose and are made into complete feed, the bacterial classification that connects is a saccharomyces cerevisiae before the fermentation, the time of anaerobic fermentation is 4-6 days, temperature 27-35 ℃.

2, the preparation method who agriculture and industry waste is changed into biological epidemic-prevention fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that splashing material-germination powder mixture adds the AMS agent that accounts for mixture dry matter 3-5wt%, the β-1 of 3-4wt% before entering anaerobic fermentation, ferment preferment preliminary treatment or enzyme of the carbohydrase agent of poly-grape glucose hydrolase agent in 4-Portugal and 10-15wt% handled with fermentation and carried out simultaneously, and pure enzyme content is 4-5wt% in the described three fermentoid agent.

3, the preparation method who agriculture and industry waste is changed into biological epidemic-prevention fodder as claimed in claim 1, the pressure that it is characterized in that splashing processing is 1.2～1.5 MPas, temperature is 150-180 ℃, and steam is splashed to turn to be interrupted and thrown in material, and being detained the splashing time in the middle of it is 35-50 minute; Machinery is splashed and is turned to continuously, discharge, and its splashing extrusion time is 2-4 second.

4, as claimed in claim 1 agriculture and industry waste is changed into the preparation method of biological epidemic-prevention fodder, it is characterized in that grain germination powder and/or the addition of barley germination powder in splashing material are 25-35wt% (weight ratio).

5, the preparation method who agriculture and industry waste is changed into biological epidemic-prevention fodder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that strengthening the animal fodder that adds in the operation all or part of is that the animality waste material soaked 24 hours through 2-3%6 (weight) watery hydrochloric acid, thereafter filter dried sending in the pressure vessel, in steam pressure 0.6～0.8 MPa, heat-treated under temperature 130-150 ℃ 40-70 minute, dry again, fine grinding makes.

6, as claimed in claim 1 agriculture and industry waste is changed into the preparation method of biological epidemic-prevention fodder, it is characterized in that and to drop into pelletizing of raw material in the comminutor through strengthening the complete feed that operation makes, and discharging is packaged into bag.