CN105198515A - Three-time fermentation method of medium raw material - Google Patents
Three-time fermentation method of medium raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105198515A CN105198515A CN201510612812.6A CN201510612812A CN105198515A CN 105198515 A CN105198515 A CN 105198515A CN 201510612812 A CN201510612812 A CN 201510612812A CN 105198515 A CN105198515 A CN 105198515A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of edible fungus medium raw materials and provides a fermentation method. According to the fermentation method, a medium raw material is converted and degraded into micromolecule nutrient matter even single-molecule mineral salt to be absorbed by mushroom easily. According to the technical scheme, cottonseed hulls, straw, mushroom residues, corn powder and bran are fermented through a three-time fermentation method of the medium raw material, and the method includes the following steps that pre-fermentation is carried out, a certain proportion of mineral elements are added after the cottonseed hulls and the mushroom residues are mixed, then EM fungus raw liquid is added and stirred, the water content is adjusted, and sealing fermentation is carried out for 15-20 days; a product is dried or smashed after being dried, and the pre-fermented material is obtained; primary fermentation is carried out, the pre-fermented material is mixed with the straw, the corn powder and the bran to serve as a primary fermentation raw material, EM fungus raw liquid and salt are added and evenly mixed, the water content is adjusted, and sealing fermentation is carried out for 7-10 days; secondary fermentation is carried out, dried cow dung and dried chicken manure are added into the primary fermentation product, and fermentation continues to be carried out for 10-15 days.
Description
Technical field
Three fermentation process of a kind of culture medium raw material of the present invention, belong to culture medium of edible fungus raw material technical field.
Background technology
Mushroom is a kind of saprophytic fungus, and solar energy can not be utilized to carry out photosynthesis, relies on the nutritive substance in substratum to grow completely.Being most important with carbonaceous material in nutritive substance, is secondly nitrogenous substances and inorganic salt.
The carbonaceous material that mushroom needs, is organic compound substantially, from plant materials, is supplied by straw.Containing abundant hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen in straw.Also containing compositions such as Mierocrystalline celluloses in animal manure.But these materials only have and could be absorbed by mycelia when it resolves into the material of solubility.When hemicellulose is after being transformed into glucose, fructose, semi-lactosi, wood sugar etc., first utilize by mushroom, Mierocrystalline cellulose after changing sucrose, maltose, lactose etc. into, then utilize by mushroom, xylogen is just utilized subsequently.
The nitrogenous substances that mushroom needs has ammonia-state nitrogen and organic nitrogen and urea etc.Ammonia-state nitrogen and organic nitrogen can increase the output of mushroom, but it is excessive to use ammonia-state nitrogen, then have great harm to the growth of mycelia.The utilization of ammonium salt, depends mainly on the potential of hydrogen of culture material, uses and too much cause sour environment, can postpone mushroom growth.Protein directly can not utilize for mushroom, but it can be utilized to decompose later amino acid and peptide class etc.Urea, except having good effect to Compost fermentation, is also required nutritive substance to formation sporophore.
The mineral elements such as potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulphur are also that mushroom is indispensable.Little potassium just can meet the requirement of mushroom.When calcium exists, the effect of potassium is more obvious, but excessive potassium is then harmful to the growth of mycelia.Phosphorus is that mushroom mycelium grows necessary element.The vital role of calcium, can promote the growth of mushroom mycelium, helps mushroom to form sporophore; When potassium, magnesium, sodium, phosphoric storage are too much, calcium can offset their harmful effects for mushroom nutritional-physiological; Calcium also can make soil ulmin colloid become coagulated state after Compost fermentation, thus makes the unlikely thickness of substratum form rarefaction.Magnesium, to the effect of enzyme, is reinforced due to the existence of calcium.Sulphur is the element of mushroom growth necessity, and because of gypsuming in culture material, wherein content is enough, does not also need additional.Iron is the required element of growth of mushroom mycelia, but is harmful on the contrary when consumption is too much.Zinc is that mushroom completes the necessary element of assimilation.Copper is a kind of ultimate constituent of some enzyme, seemingly has the effect stimulating mushroom growth.Molybdenum forms nitrogenous substances to mushroom and plays an important role.Iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum trace element, works with trace, general containing enough trace elements in culture material, for mushroom growth.But when adopting based on the synthetic culture material of straw Deng He pavilion, except adding various chemical fertilizer, also should add various trace element, to meet the needs of mushroom growth.
All multielements that mushroom is required in process of growth, can find in the basic raw material of substratum is as stalk, Semen Maydis powder, wood powder, wheat bran and cotton seed hulls etc., why some mineral elements also need to add in addition is exactly because lean on the Decomposition of mushroom self, is difficult to catch up with growth needs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and technical problem to be solved is to provide the fermentation process that a kind of mushroom culture medium commonly uses raw material, is transformed by culture medium raw material and is degraded to small molecules nutritive substance, and even unit molecule mineral salt, is beneficial to mushroom and absorbs.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprise cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically ferment according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5; Described straw is the stalk of rice class, wheat class, Chinese sorghum, grain, broomcorn millet, glutinous millet, buckwheat etc.;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 55-60%, sealing and fermenting 15-20d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: be first fermentation raw material after pre fermentation material is mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, interpolation 0.05-0.1%EM bacterium stoste and 1-2% salt mix, and add clear water and water content is adjusted to 55%-60%, sealing and fermenting 7-10d;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 35-40% and the dried poultrymanure (or dry sheep excrement) of 5-10%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, continue fermentation 10-15 days, tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
Preferred scheme, the filtrate of Secondary Fermentation product can be beneficial to, be preferred for Substitute For Partial clear water in the first fermentation of next batch culture medium raw material three fermenting processs, the effect of filtrate to provide part EM bacterium, bring the nutritive ingredient that EM bacterium needs simultaneously into, be conducive to the cycle shortening first fermentation.
The fermented product that method according to the present invention obtains is ground into coarse, adds after clear water soaks and can directly use as the substratum of edible mushrooms.
Have the edible fungus species of particular requirement, also available fermented product is ground into powder or coarse grain, and use as alternative materials in conventional culture medium of edible fungus, it is for belonging to whole raw materials of Semen Maydis powder, corn cob, stalk, wood powder four kinds of compositions in substitutive medium.
Compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect.
1, the present invention is by multi-level fermentation, effective utilization has been carried out to edible fungi residue, the composition that is disadvantageous or unfavorable to HUMAN HEALTH and that may be absorbed by edible mushrooms to edible fungi growth in raw material is carried out degrade or kill, raw material containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline cellulose and Protein components is carried out biological degradation simultaneously, change the nutritive ingredient easily absorbed into, improve the nutritive value of substratum.
2, product of the present invention is as substratum or the Some substitute product as culture medium raw material, alleviates the difficulty of edible mushrooms degraded and absorbed to a great extent, is conducive to the growth accelerating edible mushrooms, shortens production life cycle.
3, product of the present invention can also be used for the Some substitute product of high-cellulose and high protein raw material in substitutive medium raw material, instead of Substitute For Partial, product of the present invention is beneficial to the fast-germination of getting up early mycelia and the early growth of sporophore, in these two sections of processes, high-cellulose and high protein raw material are also progressively degraded, thus become the raw material of subsequent growth.
4, according to same packed amount, the present invention can support that the edible mushrooms of more batches is gathered in, and decreases the replacement frequency of substratum.
5, adopt product of the present invention as substratum, in the bacterium slag after discarded, mycelium content is higher, can as animal protein feed after detoxification, than the processing requirements of conventional bacterium slag and difficulty all much lower, benefit is also better.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, the culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprises cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically ferments according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5; Described straw is the stalk of rice class, wheat class, Chinese sorghum, grain, broomcorn millet, glutinous millet, buckwheat etc.;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 55%, sealing and fermenting 15d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: being first fermentation raw material after being mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran by pre fermentation material, is 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds 0.05%EM bacterium stoste and 2% salt mixes, and adding clear water by water content is adjusted to 55%, sealing and fermenting 10d;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 36% and the dried poultrymanure of 6%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, continues fermentation 14 days, and tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
Embodiment 2
Three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, the culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprises cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically ferments according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5; Described straw is the stalk of rice class, wheat class, Chinese sorghum, grain, broomcorn millet, glutinous millet, buckwheat etc.;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 58%, sealing and fermenting 18d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: be first fermentation raw material after pre fermentation material is mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, interpolation 0.06%EM bacterium stoste and 1.6% salt mix, and add clear water and water content is adjusted to 58%, sealing and fermenting 9d;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 37% and the dry sheep excrement of 5%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, continues fermentation 15 days, and tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
Embodiment 3
Three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, the culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprises cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically ferments according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5; Described straw is the stalk of rice class, wheat class, Chinese sorghum, grain, broomcorn millet, glutinous millet, buckwheat etc.;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 56%, sealing and fermenting 20d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: be first fermentation raw material after pre fermentation material is mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, interpolation 0.08%EM bacterium stoste and 1.3% salt mix, water content is adjusted to 56%, sealing and fermenting 8d by the filtrate and the clear water that add Secondary Fermentation product in embodiment 1;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 35% and the dry sheep excrement of 10%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, continues fermentation 10 days, and tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
Embodiment 4
Three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, the culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprises cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically ferments according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5; Described straw is the stalk of rice class, wheat class, Chinese sorghum, grain, broomcorn millet, glutinous millet, buckwheat etc.;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 60%, sealing and fermenting 16d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: be first fermentation raw material after pre fermentation material is mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, interpolation 0.1%EM bacterium stoste and 1% salt mix, water content is adjusted to 60%, sealing and fermenting 7d by the filtrate and the clear water that add Secondary Fermentation product in embodiment 2;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 40% and the dried poultrymanure of 8%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, continues fermentation 13 days, and tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
The present invention can summarize with other the specific form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention or principal character.Therefore, no matter from which point, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only be thought explanation of the present invention and can not limit invention, claims indicate scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore, any change in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (5)
1. three fermentation process of culture medium raw material, is characterized in that: the culture medium raw material for fermenting is the raw material that crude protein and crude fiber content are high, comprising cotton seed hulls, straw, bacterium slag, Semen Maydis powder and wheat bran, specifically fermenting according to following steps:
Fermentation batches mass ratio is cotton seed hulls: straw: bacterium slag: Semen Maydis powder: wheat bran=1:3:3:1.5:0.5;
Pre fermentation: after cotton seed hulls and the mixing of bacterium slag, be 100% by mixture weight, add the FeSO of 0.5%
4, 1% CuSO
4, 1% ZnSO
4, 0.25% MnSO
4, 1% the mineral element of CaO, mixing is mixed thoroughly, and the EM bacterium stoste then adding 0.05% is mixed thoroughly, adds clear water to water content 55-60%, sealing and fermenting 15-20d; Product dries or dries rear pulverizing, obtains pre fermentation material;
First fermentation: be first fermentation raw material after pre fermentation material is mixed with straw, Semen Maydis powder, wheat bran, be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, interpolation 0.05-0.1%EM bacterium stoste and 1-2% salt mix, and add clear water and water content is adjusted to 55%-60%, sealing and fermenting 7-10d;
Secondary Fermentation: be 100% by first fermentation raw material weight, adds the dry cow dung of 35-40% and the dried poultrymanure of 5-10%, no longer seals in first fermentation product, and continue fermentation 10-15 days, tunning is squeezed into pie or bulk, dries or dry in the shade after filtering.
2. three fermentation process of a kind of culture medium raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described dried poultrymanure replaces with dry sheep excrement.
3. three fermentation process of a kind of culture medium raw material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the filtrate of Secondary Fermentation product is used for Substitute For Partial clear water in the first fermentation of next batch culture medium raw material three fermenting processs.
4. three fermentation process of a kind of culture medium raw material according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the fermented product obtained is ground into coarse, add clear water and soak the rear direct substratum as edible mushrooms and use.
5. three fermentation process of a kind of culture medium raw material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the fermented product obtained is ground into powder, use as alternative materials in conventional culture medium of edible fungus, it is for belonging to whole raw materials of Semen Maydis powder, corn cob, stalk, wood powder in substitutive medium.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105815610A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-03 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for aquaculture and preparation method of culture medium |
| CN105884451A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for freshwater shrimp and crab breeding and preparation method of culture medium |
| CN105884426A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for freshwater shrimp culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106565381A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 刘炳贤 | Manufacturing method for oyster mushroom culture medium |
| CN109836194A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 朝阳鑫源农副产品开发有限公司 | A kind of edible mushroom efficient antipollution compost and preparation method |
| CN110881581A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-17 | 湖南先伟实业有限公司 | Functional fermented fiber feed for breeding poultry and preparation method thereof |
| CN112293159A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 青海泓辉生物科技有限公司 | Coprinus comatus culture medium subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment and culture method |
-
2015
- 2015-09-24 CN CN201510612812.6A patent/CN105198515A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105815610A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-03 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for aquaculture and preparation method of culture medium |
| CN105884451A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for freshwater shrimp and crab breeding and preparation method of culture medium |
| CN105884426A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 张家港鸿蚓生物科技有限公司 | Culture medium for freshwater shrimp culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106565381A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-04-19 | 刘炳贤 | Manufacturing method for oyster mushroom culture medium |
| CN109836194A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 朝阳鑫源农副产品开发有限公司 | A kind of edible mushroom efficient antipollution compost and preparation method |
| CN110881581A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-17 | 湖南先伟实业有限公司 | Functional fermented fiber feed for breeding poultry and preparation method thereof |
| CN112293159A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 青海泓辉生物科技有限公司 | Coprinus comatus culture medium subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment and culture method |
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Application publication date: 20151230 |