CN105175846A - 一种硅橡胶/ldpe共混发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种硅橡胶/ldpe共混发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
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Abstract
本发明属于发泡材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种硅橡胶/低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混材料发泡成型方法。本发明将硅橡胶与LDPE共混后,加入钛酸酯偶联剂、交联剂、Ac发泡剂、氧化锌、硬脂酸、甲基硅油、白炭黑、抗氧剂、无机填料进行发泡,提高了硅橡胶材料的发泡性能。所制的共混发泡材料泡孔均匀,密度低而且可调,力学性能优良,具有良好的弹性,能够耐候、耐温、耐老化。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于发泡材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种硅橡胶/低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)共混材料发泡成型方法。
背景技术
硅橡胶是一种性能优良的工程材料,应用很广,硅橡胶的分子结构以聚有机硅氧烷为主链衍生,具有一般橡胶不具有的优异性能,如:(1)高温性能。硅橡胶显著的特征是高温稳定性,虽然常温下硅橡胶的强度仅是天然橡胶或某些合成橡胶的一半,但在200℃以上的高温环境下,硅橡胶仍能保持一定的柔韧性、回弹性和表面硬度,且力学性能无明显变化。(2)低温性能。硅橡胶的玻璃化温度一般为-70~-50℃,特殊配方可达-100℃,表明其低温性能优异。这对航空、宇航工业的意义重大。(3)耐候性硅橡胶中Si-O-Si键对氧、臭氧及紫外线等十分稳定,在不加任何添加剂的情况下,就具有优良的耐候性。(4)电气性能。硅橡胶具有优异的绝缘性能,耐电晕性和耐电弧性也非常好。(5)物理机械性能。硅橡胶常温下的物理机械性能比通用橡胶差,但在150℃的高温和-50℃的低温下,其物理机械性能优于通用橡胶。(6)耐油及化学试剂性。普通硅橡胶具有中等的耐油、耐溶剂性能。(7)气体透过性能。室温下硅橡胶对空气、氮、氧、二氧化碳等气体的透气性比天然橡胶高出30-50倍。(8)生理惰性。硅橡胶无毒,无味,无嗅,与人体组织不粘连,具有抗凝血作用,对肌体组织的反应性非常少。特别适合作为医用材料。因此,制备硅橡胶泡沫材料应用价值很大。
但是一般的高温硫化型硅橡胶由于分子链是线性的,熔体强度不高,因而发泡性能较差,力学性能也不佳。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于:通过合理的改性工艺,改善硅橡胶的发泡性能,使共混材料泡沫泡孔均匀,泡沫密度低,力学性能优于硅橡胶。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料,为硅橡胶生胶与LDPE的共混物,其中,各组分的重量份数包括:
硅橡胶与低密度聚乙烯难以共同发泡,因此本发明中采用钛酸酯偶联剂来改善这一点,
其中,上述交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯(DCP),上述抗氧剂为1010,上述无机填料为碳酸钙或云母粉,
上述甲基硅油调节硅橡胶的黏度,实际上是调节硅橡胶的分子量及其分布,因为两者相容性好,分子结构相似,加入适量的硅油能够调节硅橡胶的分子量及其分布,这样制备的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料性能可调,
为了提高硅橡胶材料的强度,也可以加入了白炭黑,这样对硅橡胶起到补强作用。
本发明还提供了一种上述硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料的制备方法,具体步骤为:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包5-7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以170~190℃,0~10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10-15分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明将硅橡胶与LDPE共混后发泡,提高了硅橡胶材料的发泡性能;加入钛酸酯偶联剂,降低了发泡难度,使得硅橡胶/LDPE在10/90~50/50比例范围内进行发泡;所制的共混发泡材料泡孔均匀,密度低而且可调,力学性能优良,具有良好的弹性,能够耐候、耐温、耐老化,加入阻燃剂还可以阻燃,可用于包装、汽车、热绝缘、建筑、缓冲衬垫、吸声降噪等领域。
附图说明
图1是本发明的发泡工艺流程图。
图2为实施例3制备的共混泡沫材料的电子显微镜图。
图3为实施例5制备的共混泡沫材料的电子显微镜图。
具体实施方式
本发明以下各实施例中所采用的原料及设备如表1、表2所示,各实施例中的份数均为重量份数:
表1主要原料
原料 | 型号/规格 | 生产厂家 |
低密度聚乙烯(LDPE) | 2102TN26 | 齐鲁石化 |
甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶 | 110-2 | 山东省莱州市鑫泰化工有限公司 |
偶氮二甲酰胺(AC) | Dn≤8 | 上海文华化工颜料有限公司 |
过氧化二异丙苯(DCP) | 工业级 | 市售 |
硬脂酸 | 分析纯 | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
氧化锌 | 分析纯 | 国药集团化学试剂有限公司 |
白炭黑 | 沉淀法 | 上海亮江钛白化工制品有限公司 |
甲基硅油 | 500CS | 常州市科源化工有限公司 |
抗氧剂1010 | 工业级 | 市售 |
表2主要设备
实施例1
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为10份时,还含有:LDPE90份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1份,Ac发泡剂4.5份,氧化锌2.3份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油9份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,钛酸酯偶联剂1份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
性能检测:共混发泡材料表观密度为0.1g.cm-3,拉伸强度为1.0MPa,断裂伸长率为220%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
对比实施例1(相比于实施例1的方案,不添加任何钛酸酯偶联剂)
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为10份时,还含有:LDPE90份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1份,Ac发泡剂4.5份,氧化锌2.3份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油9份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
性能检测:共混发泡材料表观密度为0.6g.cm-3,拉伸强度为0.5MPa,断裂伸长率为160%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
实施例2
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为10份时,还含有:LDPE90份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1份,Ac发泡剂4.5份,氧化锌2.3份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油9份,白炭黑2份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,钛酸酯偶联剂1份,无机填料碳酸钙2份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
测得共混发泡材料表观密度为0.13g.cm-3,拉伸强度为1.3MPa,断裂伸长率为244.8%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
对比实施例2(仅针对无机填料进行改性)
将白炭黑2份、无机填料碳酸钙2份、钛酸酯偶联剂1份混合均匀,搅拌2小时,得到改性过的白炭黑和碳酸钙无机填料;
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为10份时,还含有:LDPE90份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1份,Ac发泡剂4.5份,氧化锌2.3份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油9份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,以及上述改性过的白炭黑和碳酸钙无机填料。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
性能检测:共混发泡材料表观密度为0.73g.cm-3,拉伸强度为0.7MPa,断裂伸长率为190%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
实施例3
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为30份时,还含有:LDPE70份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.5份,Ac发泡剂5.8份,氧化锌2.9份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油27份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,钛酸酯偶联剂1份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
性能检测:共混发泡材料表观密度为0.12g.cm-3,拉伸强度为0.88MPa,断裂伸长率为206.5%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
共混泡沫材料的电子显微镜图如附图2所示。
对比实施例3(相比于实施例3的方案,不添加任何钛酸酯偶联剂)
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为30份时,还含有:LDPE70份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.5份,Ac发泡剂5.8份,氧化锌2.9份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油27份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
性能检测:共混发泡材料表观密度为0.48g.cm-3,拉伸强度为0.39MPa,断裂伸长率为135.2%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
实施例4
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为30份时,还含有:LDPE70份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)1.5份,Ac发泡剂5.8份,氧化锌2.9份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油27份,白炭黑6份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,钛酸酯偶联剂1份,无机填料云母粉2份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
测得共混发泡材料表观密度为0.165g.cm-3,拉伸强度为1.14MPa,断裂伸长率为141.8%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
实施例5
发泡配方为,当甲基-乙烯基硅橡胶生胶为50份时,还含有:LDPE50份,过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)2份,Ac发泡剂7份,氧化锌3.5份,硬脂酸1份,甲基硅油45份,白炭黑10份,抗氧剂1010用0.1份,钛酸酯偶联剂1份,无机填料碳酸钙4份。
工艺:
(1)密炼机温度设为120℃,将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼15min;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于120℃的开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包7次,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压(压平)出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中以180℃,10MPa的压力下进行模压发泡,发泡10分钟后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
测得共混发泡材料表观密度为0.27g.cm-3,拉伸强度为0.92MPa,断裂伸长率为150.4%。密度按GB/T6342)1995测试;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率按GB/T528)1998测试。
共混泡沫材料的电子显微镜图如附图3所示。
Claims (8)
1.一种硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料,其特征在于:所述共混发泡材料各组分的重量份数包括,
2.如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料,其特征在于:所述的交联剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
3.如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料,其特征在于:所述的抗氧剂为1010。
4.如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料,其特征在于:所述的无机填料为碳酸钙或云母粉。
5.如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法为,
(1)将LDPE和硅橡胶生胶两种组分通过密炼机密炼;
(2)将步骤(1)中密炼后的LDPE和硅橡胶生胶混合胶于开炼机中开炼,开炼过程中加入其余组分,且交联剂和AC发泡剂最后加入,打三角包,直到共混料混合均匀,将料片趁热取下,于平板硫化机中定型、冷压出片;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的料片置于模具中,放入硫化压片机中进行模压发泡,发泡后,卸压,取出模具,待冷却后取出发泡材料。
6.如权利要求5所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中所述的密炼机的温度设置为120℃,密炼时间为15min。
7.如权利要求5所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中所述的开炼机的温度设置为120℃。
8.如权利要求5所述的硅橡胶/LDPE共混发泡材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中所述模压发泡的发泡温度为170~190℃,压力为0~10MPa,发泡时间为10—15分钟。
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CN111016043A (zh) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-04-17 | 晋江兴迅新材料科技有限公司 | 一种热塑性弹性体共混物超临界发泡材料的制备方法 |
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