CN105145217A - Method for planting rice in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method for planting rice in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105145217A CN105145217A CN201510540065.XA CN201510540065A CN105145217A CN 105145217 A CN105145217 A CN 105145217A CN 201510540065 A CN201510540065 A CN 201510540065A CN 105145217 A CN105145217 A CN 105145217A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for planting rice in saline and alkaline land. First, fermented ferns and ardealite are applied into soil to improve the salinity and pH value of the soil, and meanwhile the fermented ferns contain rich organic nutrients needed by growth of the rice, thereby prompting growth of the rice greatly; then, ammonium chloride is applied, and after the rice absorbs NH3+ in the growth process, acid radical ions of the ammonium chloride have the effect of further lowering the pH of the soil. Thus, by means of the planting method, the yield of the rice planted in the saline and alkaline land can be increased by 20-30%, the salinization and alkalinization of the soil are improved, the pH value of the soil is lowered, and the fertility of the soil is improved. Besides, the method is easy to implement, high in routinization, easy to popularize, low in planting cost and capable of reducing disease and pest damage in the growth process of the rice.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the crop cultivating technology in saline land, especially relate to the method for the plantation of a kind of rice in saline-alkali field and fertilising thereof.
Background technology:
China is a big country with 1,300,000,000 populations, and land resources is lower than world average level per capita.Land resources is wretched insufficiency very, and land quality is poor in addition, governs the development of China's agricultural always.China saline land is large in number and widely distributed, and it is 9,913 ten thousand hectares that area reaches, and is mainly distributed in northwest, North China, West of The Northeast China and coastal region, type is various, according to estimates, China still has the saline land of about 80% to be not yet developed, and has huge agricultural production potential.Transformation is administered and these resources of rational exploitation and utilization, and be one of important channel of Agricultural Sustainable Development in China, also to improving the ecological environment, thrust zone economy, society and Ecological Sustainable Development have particular importance meaning.
Paddy rice is one of most important cereal crops of China, and China's rice cultivation is comparatively extensive, is mainly distributed in the South China of China, Central China, Northeast plain area, basin, Sichuan and Shanxi, coastal region etc.The short day crop that Genus Oryza happiness temperature is good wet.Affect paddy rice distribution and the main ecological cause of subregion: 1. heat resources general >=place of 10 DEG C of accumulated temperature 2000 ~ 4500 DEG C is suitable for kind one season rice, the place of 4500 ~ 7000 DEG C is suitable for kind two season rice, 5300 DEG C is the safety margin of double cropping rice, and the triple cropping of rice can be planted in the place of more than 7000 DEG C; 2. moisture effects Rice Distribution, is embodied in the principle of " determining rice with water "; 3. sunshine duration affects rice varieties distribution and production capacity; 4. the change of height above sea level, affects the distribution of paddy rice by temperature Change; 5. good paddy soil should have higher water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, should have certain permeability again, and acid-base value is close to neutral.
Because the plantation of paddy rice is higher to environmental requirement, need according to the feature such as soil, weather, determine the fertilizer variety, fertilizing amount, fertilization time and the fertilizing method that are suitable for.Therefore, still there is technical difficulty in the saline land rice cultivation utilizing soil quality poor, at present, before the rice cultivation of saline land, carry out Rice Cropping, but effect is not very desirable, and output is very low after usually needing to improve saline land.Therefore, probe into a kind of saline land rice cultivation and fertilizing method, improve rice yield, strengthen alkaline land soil resource utilization, improve agricultural performance meaning very great.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention overcomes the defect that prior art is high at saline land rice cultivation cost, yield poorly, provide a kind of saline land rice cultivation and fertilizing method, the damage by disease and insect that not only operating process is simple for the method, effect of increasing production obvious and can reduce in growth process of riceplant, improvement soil salinization and alkalization.
Particularly, described a kind of saline land rice cultivation and fertilizing method, its feature comprises the steps:
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte and the ardealite of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, soaked field 7-10 days.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) regularly spraying fertilizer supplements rice nutrient, until described paddy rice is ripe.
Wherein, the fermentation pteridophyte amount of application described in above-mentioned steps (1) is 80-240kg/ mu; Described ardealite amount of application is 100-300kg/ mu; Ammonium chloride amount of application described in step (2) is 20-80kg/ mu; Particularly:
When soil total salt content is 0.4-0.6%, described fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 80-160kg/ mu; Described ardealite amount of application is 100-200kg/ mu; Described ammonium chloride amount of application is 20-50kg/ mu;
When soil total salt content is 0.6-1.0%, described fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 160-240kg/ mu; Described ardealite amount of application is 200-300kg/ mu; Described ammonium chloride amount of application is 50-80kg/ mu;
Wherein, the supplementary rice nutrient that regularly topdresses described in above-mentioned steps (3), until in described paddy rice maturing step, specifically applied phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
Wherein, described fermentation pteridophyte is long by pteridophyte being cut into 2-4cm, is put in fermentation vat, puts into the maceration extract stack retting that inoculation has cellulolytic enzyme, maceration extract submergence, ferments 30-40 days and the fermentation pteridophyte that obtains.
The present invention is for the usefulness of prior art: a kind of saline land rice cultivation described in (1) and fertilizing method can improve the salinization of soil, reduces soil pH value, increases soil fertility.(2) saline land rice cultivation volume increase 20-30% can be made.(3), this method is simple to operate, sequencing is high, be easy to popularization, and planting cost is low, and can reduce the damage by disease and insect in growth process of riceplant.
For being further elaborated, the present invention also passage divides the property used test to be described beneficial effect of the present invention, and special declaration, the present invention's test is only limitted to the present invention is described, never imposes any restrictions protection scope of the present invention.
Test 1: Different Fertilization method is to the investigation of saline land rice cultivation output, soil property
Investigation method: the saline land choosing total salt content 0.4-0.6% at Guangxi coastal region, as 1-5 field, experimental field, adopt different fertilizing methods respectively, and other conditions such as illumination, moisture is roughly the same, specific as follows:
No. 1 field: use contrast fertile (i.e. local farmers conventional fertilizer application, every mu, base manure 12.5kg phosphorus-ammonium compound fertilizer (N11%, P20544%) and 10kg urea (N46%), the every mu of 7.5kg urea that topdresses/time, topdress altogether 2 times)
No. 2 fields: use fertile (the i.e. local farmers conventional fertilizer application of contrast, every mu, base manure 12.5kg phosphorus-ammonium compound fertilizer (N11%, and 10kg urea (N46%) P20544%), the every mu of 7.5kg urea that topdresses/time, topdress altogether 2 times)+ardealite.
No. 3 fields: of the present inventionly use fertile method (using the pteridophyte+ardealite+ammonium chloride of fermentation).
No. 4 fields: use contrast fertilizer+ardealite+ammonium chloride.
No. 5 fields: the pteridophyte of using contrast fertilizer+fermentation.
Its result of the test is as following table 1:
Table 1: different fertilizing methods is on the impact of saline land rice cultivation output, soil property:
Above-mentioned test shows: No. 5 fields be saline land of the present invention rice cultivation execute kind of a method, from inspection target such as rice yield, alkaline land soil proterties, total salt content, rice pest situations, its successful is better than 1,2,4, No. 5 field, it can make Rice Cropping increase production nearly 29%, and we find No. 3, No. 5 Tian Jun use the pteridophyte of fermentation, its paddy rice is without obvious damage by disease and insect, and the pteridophyte that fermentation is used in prompting has certain prevention effect to damage by disease and insect in rice in saline-alkali field process of growth.
Test example 2: saline land of the present invention rice cultivation fertilising consumption screening test:
(1) saline land choosing total salt content 0.4-0.6% at Guangxi coastal region, as 1-6 field, experimental field, all adopt implantation methods of the present invention, and other conditions such as illumination, moisture is roughly the same, table 2 specific as follows:
Table 2: Different Fertilization amount is on the impact of saline land rice cultivation:
Above-mentioned test shows: No. 1 field and No. 5 fields are too low or too high group of fertilizing amount of the present invention, it improves rice yield and improves alkaline land soil effect unsatisfactory compared with 2-4 field effect, therefore the present invention is preferred, when soil total salt content is 0.4-0.6%, described fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 80-160kg/ mu; Described ardealite amount of application is 100-200kg/ mu; Described ammonium chloride amount of application is 20-50kg/ mu.The follow-up consumption that topdresses specifically applied phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu successively respectively.
(2) choose the saline land of total salt content 0.6-1.2% as 1-6 field, experimental field in Yinchuan of Ningxia Province area, all adopt implantation methods of the present invention, and other conditions such as illumination, moisture be roughly the same, table 3 specific as follows:
Above-mentioned test shows: No. 1 field and No. 5 fields are too low or too high group of fertilizing amount of the present invention, it improves rice yield and improves alkaline land soil effect unsatisfactory compared with 2-4 field effect, therefore the present invention is preferred, when soil total salt content is 0.6-1.2%, described fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 160-240kg/ mu; Described ardealite amount of application is 200-300kg/ mu; Described ammonium chloride amount of application is 50-80kg/ mu.The follow-up consumption that topdresses specifically applied phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu successively respectively.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: total salt content is the method for 0.4-0.6% saline land rice cultivation
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 80kg/ mu, the ardealite 100kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 7 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 20kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 3kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 368.3kg/ mu, analyzes soil, its soil pH decline 0.4-0.6 unit, and total salt content declines 35.8%.
Embodiment 2: total salt content is the method for 0.4-0.6% saline land rice cultivation
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 120kg/ mu, the ardealite 150kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 8 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 35kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 4kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 4kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 4kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 384.5kg/ mu, analyzes soil, its soil pH decline 0.4-0.6 unit, and total salt content declines 41.3%.
Embodiment 3: total salt content is the method for 0.4-0.6% saline land rice cultivation
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 160kg/ mu, the ardealite 200kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 10 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 50kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 5kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 5kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 5kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 380.3kg/ mu, analyzes soil, and its soil pH decline 0.4-0.6 unit, total salt content is 39.8%.
Embodiment 4: total salt content is the method for 0.6-1.2% saline land rice cultivation:
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 160kg/ mu, the ardealite 200kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 7 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 50kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 3kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 334.3kg/ mu, analyzes soil, its soil pH decline 0.5-0.9 unit, and total salt content declines 33.6%.
Embodiment 5: total salt content is the method for 0.6-1.2% saline land rice cultivation:
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 200kg/ mu, the ardealite 250kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 9 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 60kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 4kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 4kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 4kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 347.3kg/ mu, analyzes soil, its soil pH decline 0.5-0.9 unit, and total salt content declines 38.7%.
Embodiment 6: total salt content is the method for 0.6-1.2% saline land rice cultivation:
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte 200kg/ mu, the ardealite 250kg/ mu of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, 9 days, soaked field.
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride 60kg/ mu, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling.
(3) applied phosphate fertilizer 4kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 4kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 4kg/ mu, each applying once, supplements rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
After full crop cycle, harvesting paddy rice, weigh, this saline land rice cultivation quarterly output is 336.3kg/ mu, analyzes soil, its soil pH decline 0.5-0.9 unit, and total salt content declines 37.8%.
Above-mentioned example, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalent transformations of doing according to Spirit Essence of the present invention or modification, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for saline land rice cultivation, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) in the salinization of soil paddy field of the soft soil property be stirred of turning over, throw pteridophyte and the ardealite of putting fermentation, stirring of again turning over, ground, smooth paddy field, and water filling is until exceed smooth native face 5-10 centimetre, soaked field 7-10 days;
(2) discharged by field area water, running water 1 time, dispenser ammonium chloride, again to turn over, smooth, water filling, until exceed water surface 3-7 centimetre, inserts rice seedling;
(3) regularly spraying fertilizer supplements rice nutrient, until described paddy rice is ripe.
2. the method for saline land according to claim 1 rice cultivation, is characterized in that, described step (1) fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 80-240kg/ mu; Ardealite amount of application is 100-300kg/ mu; Ammonium chloride amount of application described in step (2) is 20-80kg/ mu.
3. the method for saline land according to claim 1 and 2 rice cultivation, is characterized in that: when soil total salt content is 0.4-0.6%, and fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 80-160kg/ mu; Ardealite amount of application is 100-200kg/ mu; Ammonium chloride amount of application is 20-50kg/ mu.
4. the method for saline land according to claim 1 and 2 rice cultivation, is characterized in that: when soil total salt content is 0.6-1.0%, and fermentation pteridophyte amount of application is 160-240kg/ mu; Ardealite amount of application is 200-300kg/ mu; Ammonium chloride amount of application is 50-80kg/ mu.
5. the method for the saline land rice cultivation according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: described fermentation pteridophyte is long by pteridophyte being cut into 2-4cm, be put in fermentation vat, put into the maceration extract stack retting that inoculation has cellulolytic enzyme, maceration extract submergence, ferments 30-40 days and the fermentation pteridophyte obtained.
6. the method for saline land according to claim 1 rice cultivation, it is characterized in that: the supplementary rice nutrient that regularly topdresses described in step (3), specifically applied phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu respectively successively every 20-25 days, nitrogenous fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, potash fertilizer 3-5kg/ mu, each applying once, supplement rice nutrient, until paddy rice is ripe.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106171708A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 广西陆川县润润养殖有限公司 | A kind of ecology planting method of non-pollution rice |
CN106376407A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Energy-saving planting method of paddy rice in saline and alkaline land |
CN106386295A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for planting rice in saline-alkali land of Yellow River irrigation district |
CN106489394A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of soda alkaline land rice on honda fertilising |
CN106538127A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-29 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of fertilizing method for improving beach saline land nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice utilization rate |
CN107041264A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-08-15 | 广州市瑞硒康生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich organic scented rice |
CN109601264A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of drought-hit area alkaline earth building sustained release water-fertilizer library plantation Saline Forage |
CN110754311A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-07 | 山东农业大学 | Method for reducing salt and increasing yield of paddy rice planted in saline-alkali soil |
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CN104782358A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-22 | 安徽裕民生态农业有限公司 | Polygonum multiflorum planting method |
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Cited By (9)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN106171708A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 广西陆川县润润养殖有限公司 | A kind of ecology planting method of non-pollution rice |
CN106386295A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Method for planting rice in saline-alkali land of Yellow River irrigation district |
CN106376407A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Energy-saving planting method of paddy rice in saline and alkaline land |
CN106489394A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | A kind of method of soda alkaline land rice on honda fertilising |
CN106538127A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-29 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of fertilizing method for improving beach saline land nitrogen fertilizer for paddy rice utilization rate |
CN107041264A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-08-15 | 广州市瑞硒康生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich organic scented rice |
CN109601264A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method of drought-hit area alkaline earth building sustained release water-fertilizer library plantation Saline Forage |
CN110754311A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-07 | 山东农业大学 | Method for reducing salt and increasing yield of paddy rice planted in saline-alkali soil |
CN110754311B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-03-08 | 山东农业大学 | Method for reducing salt and increasing yield of paddy rice planted in saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20151216 |