CN105121441B - 用于防除动物害虫的取代嘧啶鎓化合物和衍生物 - Google Patents
用于防除动物害虫的取代嘧啶鎓化合物和衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105121441B CN105121441B CN201480020609.3A CN201480020609A CN105121441B CN 105121441 B CN105121441 B CN 105121441B CN 201480020609 A CN201480020609 A CN 201480020609A CN 105121441 B CN105121441 B CN 105121441B
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- DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N pyrisoxazole Chemical compound C1([C@@]2(C)CC(ON2C)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=CN=C1 DHTJFQWHCVTNRY-OEMAIJDKSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetracopper;hexahydroxide;sulfate Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LITQZINTSYBKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 125000005942 tetrahydropyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Chemical class CC(N)=S YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolclofos-methyl Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=C1Cl OBZIQQJJIKNWNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009261 transgenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CSC1=NC(C(C)(C)C)=NN1C(=O)N(C)C NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1C=NN=N1 FFSJPOPLSWBGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazolopyrimidine Chemical class BrC1=CC=CC(C=2N=C3N=CN[N+]3=C(NCC=3C=CN=CC=3)C=2)=C1 YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazoxide Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2[N+]([O-])=NC=1N1C=CN=C1 IQGKIPDJXCAMSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPEZWDDRWXDXOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class CCCCOP(=S)(OCCCC)OCCCC PPEZWDDRWXDXOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000003982 trichinellosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000007588 trichinosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- SSVQZCMLYFMJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethyl hypofluorite Chemical compound ClC(OF)(Cl)Cl SSVQZCMLYFMJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCVUKOYZUCWLQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 MCVUKOYZUCWLQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl orthoformate Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)OCC GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N triflumizole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(/COCCC)=N/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1C(F)(F)F HSMVPDGQOIQYSR-KGENOOAVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004205 trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac-ethyl Chemical group O=C1CC(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 RVKCCVTVZORVGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFHRNKANAAGQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylstannane Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1[SnH](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHRNKANAAGQOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000052613 viral pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000664 voltage gated sodium channel blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002578 wasp venom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003021 water soluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005943 zeta-Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048462 zinc phosphide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zineb Chemical compound [Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N {2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)propyl]-2,4,4-trimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl}(imidazol-1-yl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C(C)(C)COC1(C)CCCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 FJBGIXKIXPUXBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
- C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物、其立体异构体、盐、互变异构体和N‑氧化物以及包含该类化合物的组合物。本发明还涉及这些取代嘧啶化合物及其组合物防除和防治动物害虫的方法和用途。此外,本发明还涉及施用这类取代嘧啶化合物的杀害虫方法。本发明的取代嘧啶化合物由下列通式(I)定义,其中X、Y、Z、R1、R2、A和Het如说明书中所定义。
Description
本发明涉及杀虫的取代嘧啶鎓化合物和/或用于防除无脊椎动物害虫的包含该类化合物的组合物。本发明还涉及如本发明所述取代嘧啶鎓化合物及其立体异构体、盐、互变异构体和N-氧化物以及包含它们的组合物的杀害虫方法、用途和应用。
无脊椎动物害虫以及尤其是昆虫、节肢动物和线虫破坏生长和收获的作物且袭击木质居住和商业结构体,从而对食物供应和财产造成大的经济损失。尽管已知大量杀害虫试剂,但由于目标害虫能够对所述试剂产生耐药性,仍然需要用于防除无脊椎动物害虫如昆虫、蜘蛛和线虫的新试剂。因此,本发明的目的是要提供具有良好杀害虫活性且对大量不同无脊椎动物害虫,尤其是难以防治的昆虫、蜘蛛和线虫显示宽活性谱的化合物。
已经发现这些目的可以通过如下所定义的通式(I)的取代嘧啶鎓化合物,包括其立体异构体,其盐,尤其是其可农用盐或可兽用盐,其互变异构体及其N-氧化物实现。
因此,在第一方面,本发明提供了式(I)的取代嘧啶鎓化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体或N-氧化物或包含至少一种式(I)的取代嘧啶鎓化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体或N-氧化物的组合物:
其中
X、Y各自独立地为O或S;
Z为直接键、O、S(O)m、NRb、C(RaRaa)O、C(=X1)、C(=X1)Y1或Y1C(=X1);
X1为O、S或NRb;
Y1为O、S或NRc;
A为CH或N且其中该嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成4-7员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多3个独立地选自至多2个O、至多2个S和至多3个N(Rc)p的杂原子,其中至多2个碳原子环成员独立地选自C(=O)和C(=S)并且硫原子环成员独立地选自S(=O)m,其中各环可以被至多3个Ra取代;
Het为3-10员杂环或7-11员杂环体系,各环或环体系成员选自碳原子和至多4个独立地选自至多2个O、至多2个S和至多4个N(Rc)p的杂原子,其中至多3个碳原子环成员独立地选自C(=O)和C(=S)并且硫原子环成员独立地选自S(=O)o(=NRb)q,各环或环体系任选被至多5个Ra取代;
o、q各自独立地为0、1或2,条件是总和(o+q)对各环为0、1或2;
R1为氢、C1-C8烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C10环烷基、C4-C10环烯基、C5-C14环烷基环烷基或者R1可以形成可以含有1-4个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的3-11员饱和或部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环或环体系,其中S可以被氧化,并且其中上述基团和碳环或杂环体系可以未被取代、部分或完全被Ra取代;或者
R1为C(=O)Rb、C(=O)ORe、NRbRc、C(=O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、SO2NRbRc、OC(=O)Rc、OC(=O)ORe、OC(=O)NRbRe、N(Rc)C(=O)Rc、N(Rc)C(=O)ORe、N(Rc)C(=O)NRbRc、NRcSO2Rb、NRcSO2NRbRc、Si(Rd)3、C(=NRc)Rc、C(=NORc)Rc、C(=NNRbRc)Rc、C(=NN(C(=O)Rb)Rc)Rc、C(=NN(C=O)ORc)(Rc)2、S(=O)o(=NRb)qRc或N=CRbRc;
Ra各自独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、C(=O)(O)pRc、OC(=O)(O)pRe、C(=O)NRbRc、OC(=O)NRbRe、NRbC(=O)(O)pRe、NRbC(=O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、S(O)mRb、SO2NRbRc、OSO2Rc、OSO2NRbRc、NRbSO2Rc、NRbSO2NRbRc、N=S(=O)pRcRc、S(=O)o(=NRb)qRc、SF5、OCN、SCN、Si(Rd)3或可以含有1-3个选自N-(Rc)p、O和可以被氧化的S的杂原子的3-6员饱和或部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环,并且其中上述基团和碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被Raa取代,或者
两个孪位键合的基团Ra可以一起形成选自=O、=S、=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团;
Raa各自独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基;
Rb各自独立地为氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基或可以含有1-3个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的3-6员饱和或部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环,其中S可以被氧化且该碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被Raa取代;
Rc各自独立地为氢、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基、C1-C6环烷基或可以含有1-3个选自N(Raa)p、O和S的杂原子的3-6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环,其中S可以被氧化且其中该碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被Raa取代;
其中两个孪位键合的基团RbRb、RcRb或RcRc与它们所键合的原子一起可以形成可以含有1-2个选自N、O、S、NO、SO和SO2的杂原子或杂原子基团的3、4、5、6或7员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环并且其中该碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被R3取代;
Rd各自独立地为氢、苯基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8环烷基或C1-C6烷氧基烷基,其中上述基团可以被一个或多个卤素取代;
Re各自独立地为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基、C1-C6环烷基或可以含有1-3个选自N(Raa)p、O和S的杂原子的3-6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环,其中S可以被氧化且其中该碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被Raa取代;
n为0、1或2;
m为0、1或2;
p为0或1;
R2为H、卤素、CN、C1-C8烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C2-C8炔基、C3-C10环烷基、C4-C10烷基环烷基、C4-C10环烷基烷基、C6-C14环烷基环烷基、C5-C10烷基环烷基烷基或C3-C6环烯基,其中上述基团可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代,或者R2可以形成3-10员碳环或杂环或7-11员环体系,该环或环体系可以是饱和、部分不饱和或芳族的并且该环或环体系可以含有1-4个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子,其中S可以被氧化,并且其中该碳环或杂环或环体系可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代;
条件是若R2为卤素或CN,则Z为直接键;
R2a各自独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、C(=O)(O)pRc、OC(=O)(O)pRe、C(=O)NRbRc、OC(=O)NRbRe、NRbC(=O)(O)pRe、NRbC(=O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、S(O)mRb、SO2NRbRc、OSO2Rc、OSO2NRbRc、NRbSO2Rc、NRbSO2NRbRc、SF5、OCN、SCN、Si(Rd)3、C(=N(O)pRb)Rb、C(=NNRbRc)Rb、C(=NN(C(=O)OpRc)Rc)Rb、ON=CRbRc、ONRbRc、S(=O)o(=NRb)qRc、SO2NRb(=O)NRbRc、P(=X2)RbRc、OP(=X2)(OpRc)Rb、OP(=X2)(ORc)2、N=CRbRc、NRbN=CRbRc、NRbNRbRc、NRbC(=S)NRbRc、NRbC(=NRb)NRbRc、NRbNRbC(=X2)NRbRc、NRbNRbSO2NRbRc、N=S(=O)pRcRc或可以含有1-3个选自N-(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的3-6员饱和或部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环,其中S可以被氧化,并且其中上述基团和碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被R2aa取代;或者
两个孪位键合的基团R2a可以一起形成选自=O、=S、=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团;
R2aa各自独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、C(=O)(O)pRc、OC(=O)(O)pRe、C(=O)NRbRc、OC(=O)NRbRe、NRbC(=O)(O)pRe、NRbC(=O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、S(O)mRb、SO2NRbRc、OSO2Rc、OSO2NRbRc、NRbSO2Rc、NRbSO2NRbRc、SF5、OCN、SCN、Si(Rd)3、C(=N(O)pRb)Rb、C(=NNRbRc)Rb、C(=NN(C(=O)OpRc)Rb)Rb、ON=CRbRc、ONRbRc、S(=O)o(=NRb)qRc、SO2NRb(=O)NRbRc、P(=X2)RbRc、OP(=X2)(OpRc)Rb、OP(=X2)(ORc)2、N=CRbRc、NRbN=CRbRc、NRbNRbRc、NRbC(=S)NRbRc、NRbC(=NRb)NRbRc、NRbNRbC(=X2)NRbRc、NRbNRbSO2NRbRc或N=S(=O)pRcRc,或者两个孪位键合的基团R2aa可以一起形成选自=O、=S、=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团;
X2独立地为O或S;
R3各自独立地为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、C(=O)(O)pRc、OC(=O)(O)pRe、C(=O)NRbRc、OC(=O)NRbRe、NRbC(=O)(O)pRe、NRbC(=O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、S(O)mRb、SO2NRbRc、OSO2Rc、OSO2NRbRc、NRbSO2Rc、NRbSO2NRbRc、SF5、OCN、SCN、Si(Rd)3、C(=N(O)pRb)Rb、C(=NNRbRc)Rb、C(=NN(C(=O)OpRc)Rb)Rb、ON=CRbRc、ONRbRc、S(=O)o(=NRb)qRc、SO2NRb(=O)NRbRc、P(=X2)RbRc、OP(=X2)(OpRc)Rb、OP(=X2)(ORc)2、N=CRbRc、NRbN=CRbRc、NRbNRbRc、NRbC(=S)NRbRc、NRbC(=NRb)NRbRc、NRbNRbC(=X2)NRbRc、NRbNRbSO2NRbRc或N=S(=O)pRcRc,或者
两个孪位键合的基团R3可以一起形成选自=O、=S、=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团。
式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物及其可农用盐对动物害虫,即有害的节肢动物和线虫,尤其是难以防治的昆虫和螨科(acaridae)高度有效。
此外,本发明涉及和包括下列实施方案:
-包含至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物的组合物;
-包含一定量的至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物或其对映体、非对映体或盐的农用和兽用组合物;
-一种防除无脊椎动物害虫、无脊椎动物害虫侵染或感染的方法,该方法包括使所述害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与杀害虫有效量的至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物或其组合物接触;
-一种防治无脊椎动物害虫、无脊椎动物害虫侵染或感染的方法,该方法包括使所述害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与杀害虫有效量的至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物或包含至少一种式(I)化合物的组合物接触;
-一种防止或保护以防无脊椎动物害虫的方法,包括使无脊椎动物害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与如上所定义的通式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物或包含至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物的组合物或包含至少一种式(I)化合物的组合物接触;
-一种保护作物、植物、植物繁殖材料和/或生长的植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染的方法,包括使作物、植物、植物繁殖材料和生长的植物或其中作物、植物、植物繁殖材料储存或植物生长的土壤、材料、表面、空间、区域或水体与杀害虫有效量的至少一种如上所定义的式(I)化合物或包含至少一种式(I)化合物的组合物接触或用其处理;
-一种处理被寄生虫侵染或感染的动物或防止动物被寄生虫侵染或感染或保护动物以防寄生虫侵染或感染的非治疗方法,包括对动物口服、局部或胃肠外给药或施用杀寄生虫有效量的如上所定义的式(I)化合物或包含至少一种式(I)化合物的组合物;
-一种处理、控制、防止或保护动物以防寄生虫侵染或感染的方法,包括对动物口服、局部或胃肠外给药或施用如上所定义的通式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物或包含至少一种式(I)化合物的组合物;
-种子,以0.1g-10kg/100kg种子的量包含如上所定义的式(I)化合物;
-如上所定义的式(I)化合物在保护生长的植物或植物繁殖材料以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染中的用途;
-式(I)化合物或其对映体、非对映体或可兽用盐在动物中和动物上防除寄生虫中的用途;
-一种制备用于处理、控制、防止或保护动物以防寄生虫侵染或感染的兽用组合物的方法,包括将杀寄生虫有效量的式(I)化合物或其对映体、非对映体和/或可兽用盐加入适合兽用的载体组合物中;
-式(I)化合物或其对映体、非对映体和/或可兽用盐在制备用于处理、控制、防止或保护动物以防寄生虫侵染或感染的药物中的用途。
所有本发明化合物—适用的话包括其立体异构体、其互变异构体、其盐或其N-氧化物—及其组合物特别可以用于防治无脊椎动物害虫,尤其是防治节肢动物和线虫以及尤其是昆虫。因此,本发明涉及本发明所公开的化合物在防除或防治无脊椎动物害虫,尤其是昆虫、蜘蛛或线虫组无脊椎动物害虫中的用途。
本发明中所用术语“本发明化合物”或“式(I)化合物”涉及并包括本文所定义的化合物和/或其立体异构体、盐、互变异构体或N-氧化物。术语“本发明化合物”应理解为等同于术语“根据本发明的化合物”,因此也包括式(I)化合物的立体异构体、盐、互变异构体或N-氧化物。
术语“根据本发明的组合物”或“本发明组合物”包括包含至少一种如上所定义的本发明式(I)化合物的组合物,因此也包括式(I)化合物的立体异构体、可农用或可兽用盐、互变异构体或N-氧化物。
本发明式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物尚未被描述在农业行业或兽用实践中用于杀害虫用途或杀害虫应用。
杂环取代吡啶衍生物及其作为农药的用途已经公开于WO 2009/099929以及WO2011/017347和WO 2011/017351中。
然而,尚未描述具有如本发明所定义的特征性取代方式的式(I)的特定取代嘧啶化合物。
取决于取代方式,式(I)化合物可以具有一个或多个手性中心,此时它们作为对映体或非对映体的混合物存在。本发明提供了式(I)化合物的单一纯对映体或纯非对映体及其混合物二者以及式(I)化合物的纯对映体或纯非对映体或其混合物的本发明用途。合适的式(I)化合物还包括所有可能的几何立体异构体(顺式/反式异构体)及其混合物。顺式/反式异构体可以相对于链烯烃、碳-氮双键或酰胺基团存在。术语“立体异构体”包括光学异构体如对映体或非对映体—其中后者由于分子中不止一个手性中心而存在—以及几何异构体(顺式/反式异构体)二者。本发明涉及式(I)化合物的每一可能立体异构体,即单一对映体或非对映体,以及它们的混合物。
取决于取代方式,式(I)化合物可以以其互变异构体形式存在。因此,本发明还涉及式(I)的互变异构体以及所述互变异构体的立体异构体、盐、互变异构体和N-氧化物。
本发明化合物可以是无定形的或者可以以一种或多种可能具有不同的宏观性能如稳定性或显示不同生物学性能如活性的不同晶态(多晶型)或晶型存在。本发明包括式(I)的无定形和结晶化合物二者,相应化合物I的不同晶态或晶型的混合物及其无定形或结晶盐。
式(I)化合物的盐优选是可农用和/或可兽用盐。它们可以以常规方法形成,例如若式(I)化合物具有碱性官能团,则通过使该化合物与所述阴离子的酸反应,或者通过使式(I)的酸性化合物与合适碱反应。
合适的可农用或可兽用盐尤其为其阳离子和阴离子分别对根据本发明的化合物的作用没有任何不利影响的那些阳离子的盐或那些酸的酸加成盐。合适的阳离子尤其是碱金属离子,优选锂、钠和钾离子;碱土金属离子,优选钙、镁和钡离子;过渡金属离子,优选锰、铜、锌和铁离子;还有铵(NH4 +)和其中1-4个氢原子被C1-C4烷基、C1-C4羟基烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、羟基-C1-C4烷氧基-C1-C4烷基、苯基或苄基替代的取代铵。取代铵离子的实例包括甲基铵、异丙基铵、二甲基铵、二异丙基铵、三甲基铵、四甲基铵、四乙基铵、四丁基铵、2-羟基乙基铵、2-(2-羟基乙氧基)乙基铵、二(2-羟基乙基)铵、苄基三甲基铵和苄基三乙基铵,此外还有离子,锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)锍,以及氧化锍离子,优选三(C1-C4烷基)氧化锍。
有用酸加成盐的阴离子主要是氯离子、溴离子、氟离子、硫酸氢根、硫酸根、磷酸二氢根、磷酸氢根、磷酸根、硝酸根、碳酸氢根、碳酸根、六氟硅酸根、六氟磷酸根、苯甲酸根和C1-C4链烷酸的阴离子,优选甲酸根、乙酸根、丙酸根和丁酸根。它们可以通过使式I化合物与对应阴离子的酸,优选盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、磷酸或硝酸反应而形成。
术语“N-氧化物”包括任何具有至少一个被氧化成N-氧化物结构部分的叔氮原子的本发明化合物。
在各变量的上述定义中提到的有机结构部分象术语卤素一样为各基团成员的各次列举的集合性术语。前缀Cn-Cm在每种情况下表示该基团中可能的碳原子数。
“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴和碘。
术语“部分或完全被卤代”是指给定基团的一个或多个,例如1、2、3、4或5个或所有氢原子已经被卤原子,尤其是氟或氯替代。
本文所用(以及还有在Cn-Cm烷基氨基、二-Cn-Cm烷基氨基、Cn-Cm烷基氨基羰基、二-Cn-Cm烷基氨基羰基、Cn-Cm烷硫基、Cn-Cm烷基亚磺酰基和Cn-Cm烷基磺酰基中)的术语“Cn-Cm烷基”是指具有n-m个,例如1-10个,优选1-6个碳原子的支化或未支化饱和烃基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、己基、1,1-二甲基丙基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、庚基、辛基、2-乙基己基、壬基和癸基及其异构体。C1-C4烷基例如是指甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基或1,1-二甲基乙基。
本文所用(以及还有在Cn-Cm卤代烷基亚磺酰基和Cn-Cm卤代烷基磺酰基中)的术语“Cn-Cm卤代烷基”是指具有n-m个,例如1-10个,尤其是1-6个碳原子的直链或支化烷基(如上所述),其中这些基团中的部分或所有氢原子可以被如上所述的卤原子替代,例如C1-C4卤代烷基,如氯甲基、溴甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氯氟甲基、二氯一氟甲基、一氯二氟甲基、1-氯乙基、1-溴乙基、1-氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2-氯-2-氟乙基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙基、2,2-二氯-2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、五氟乙基等。术语C1-C10卤代烷基尤其包括C1-C2氟烷基,其与其中1、2、3、4或5个氢原子被氟原子替代的甲基或乙基是同义词,如氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、1-氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基和五氟甲基。
类似地,“Cn-Cm烷氧基”和“Cn-Cm烷硫基”(或Cn-Cm烷基硫基)是指分别通过氧(或硫键)在烷基中的任何键处键合的具有n-m个,例如1-10个,尤其是1-6个或1-4个碳原子的直链或支化烷基(如上所述)。实例包括C1-C4烷氧基如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、仲丁氧基、异丁氧基和叔丁氧基,此外还有C1-C4烷硫基如甲硫基、乙硫基、丙硫基、异丙硫基和正丁硫基。
因此,术语“Cn-Cm卤代烷氧基”和“Cn-Cm卤代烷硫基”(或Cn-Cm卤代烷基硫基)是指分别通过氧或硫键在烷基中的任何键处键合的具有n-m个,例如1-10个,尤其是1-6个或1-4个碳原子的直链或支化烷基(如上所述),其中这些基团中的部分或所有氢原子可以被上述卤原子替代,例如C1-C2卤代烷氧基,如氯甲氧基、溴甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氯甲氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、氯氟甲氧基、二氯一氟甲氧基、一氯二氟甲氧基、1-氯乙氧基、1-溴乙氧基、1-氟乙氧基、2-氟乙氧基、2,2-二氟乙氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2-氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、2,2-二氯-2-氟乙氧基、2,2,2-三氯乙氧基和五氟乙氧基,此外还有C1-C2卤代烷硫基,如氯甲硫基、溴甲硫基、二氯甲硫基、三氯甲硫基、氟甲硫基、二氟甲硫基、三氟甲硫基、氯氟甲硫基、二氯一氟甲硫基、一氯二氟甲硫基、1-氯乙硫基、1-溴乙硫基、1-氟乙硫基、2-氟乙硫基、2,2-二氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氟乙硫基、2-氯-2-氟乙硫基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙硫基、2,2-二氯-2-氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氯乙硫基和五氟乙硫基等。类似地,术语C1-C2氟烷氧基和C1-C2氟烷硫基是指分别经由氧原子或硫原子与该分子的其余部分键合的C1-C2氟烷基。
本文所用术语“C2-Cm链烯基”是指具有2-m个,例如2-10个或2-6个碳原子和在任意位置的双键的支化或未支化不饱和烃基,如乙烯基、1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、1-甲基乙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-戊烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-甲基-1-丁烯基、2-甲基-1-丁烯基、3-甲基-1-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-丙烯基、1-己烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-甲基-1-戊烯基、2-甲基-1-戊烯基、3-甲基-1-戊烯基、4-甲基-1-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-戊烯基、2-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-2-戊烯基、4-甲基-2-戊烯基、1-甲基-3-戊烯基、2-甲基-3-戊烯基、3-甲基-3-戊烯基、4-甲基-3-戊烯基、1-甲基-4-戊烯基、2-甲基-4-戊烯基、3-甲基-4-戊烯基、4-甲基-4-戊烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-1-丁烯基、3,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-1-丁烯基、1-乙基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-3-丁烯基、2-乙基-1-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丁烯基、2-乙基-3-丁烯基、1,1,2-三甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-甲基-1-丙烯基和1-乙基-2-甲基-2-丙烯基。
本文所用术语“C2-Cm炔基”是指具有2-m个,例如2-10个或2-6个碳原子且含有至少一个叁键的支化或未支化不饱和烃基,如乙炔基、丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基等。
本文所用术语“Cn-Cm烷氧基-Cn-Cm烷基”是指具有n-m个碳原子的烷基,例如上面所提到的具体实例,其中烷基的一个氢原子被Cn-Cm烷氧基替代;其中烷氧基的n和m值独立于烷基的所述值选择。
在基团中的后缀“-羰基”或“C(=O)”在每种情况下表示该基团经由羰基C=O键合于该分子的其余部分。这例如在烷基羰基、卤代烷基羰基、氨基羰基、烷基氨基羰基、二烷基氨基羰基、烷氧羰基、卤代烷氧羰基中确实如此。
本文所用术语“芳基”是指单双、双环或三环芳族烃基,如苯基或萘基,尤其是苯基(作为取代基也称为C6H5)。
术语“环体系”表示两个或更多个直接连接的环。
本文所用术语“C3-Cm环烷基”是指3-m员饱和脂环族基团的单环,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基和环癸基。
术语“烷基环烷基”以及术语“可以被环烷基取代的烷基”表示被环烷基环取代的烷基,其中烷基和环烷基如本文所定义。
术语“环烷基烷基”以及术语“可以被烷基取代的环烷基”表示被烷基取代的环烷基,其中烷基和环烷基如本文所定义。
术语“烷基环烷基烷基”以及术语“可以被烷基取代的烷基环烷基”表示被烷基取代的烷基环烷基,其中烷基和烷基环烷基如本文所定义。
本文所用术语“C3-Cm环烯基”是指3-m员部分不饱和脂环族基团的单环。
术语“环烷基环烷基”以及术语“可以被环烷基取代的环烷基”表示被另一环烷基环取代的环烷基,其中各环烷基环独立地具有3-7个碳原子环成员且环烷基通过一个单键连接或者具有一个共同碳原子。环烷基环烷基的实例包括环丙基环丙基(例如1,1'-双环丙-2-基)、其中两个环通过一个单一共同碳原子连接的环己基环己基(例如1,1'-双环己-2-基),其中两个环通过一个单键连接的环己基环戊基(例如4-环戊基环己基)及其不同立体异构体如(1R,2S)-1,1'-双环丙-2-基和(1R,2R)-1,1'-双环丙-2-基。
本文所用术语“3-6员碳环”是指环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷和环己烷环。
本文所用术语“可以含有1、2、3或4个杂原子或含有杂原子基团的3、4、5、6或7员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族杂环”—其中这些杂原子(基团)选自N(N-取代基团)、O和S(S-取代基团)是指单环基团,该单环基团为饱和、部分不饱和或芳族的(完全不饱和的)。该杂环基团可以经由碳环成员或经由氮环成员与该分子的其余部分连接。
3、4、5、6或7员饱和杂环基或杂环的实例包括:环氧乙烷基、氮丙啶基、氮杂环丁烷基、2-四氢呋喃基、3-四氢呋喃基、2-四氢噻吩基、3-四氢噻吩基、2-吡咯烷基、3-吡咯烷基、3-吡唑烷基、4-吡唑烷基、5-吡唑烷基、2-咪唑烷基、4-咪唑烷基、2-唑烷基、4-唑烷基、5-唑烷基、3-异唑烷基、4-异唑烷基、5-异唑烷基、2-噻唑烷基、4-噻唑烷基、5-噻唑烷基、3-异噻唑烷基、4-异噻唑烷基、5-异噻唑烷基、1,2,4-二唑烷-3-基、1,2,4-二唑烷-5-基、1,2,4-噻二唑烷-3-基、1,2,4-噻二唑烷-5-基、1,2,4-三唑烷-3-基、1,3,4-二唑烷-2-基、1,3,4-噻二唑烷-2-基、1,3,4-三唑烷-2-基、2-四氢吡喃基、4-四氢吡喃基、1,3-二烷-5-基、1,4-二烷-2-基、2-哌啶基、3-哌啶基、4-哌啶基、3-六氢哒嗪基、4-六氢哒嗪基、2-六氢嘧啶基、4-六氢嘧啶基、5-六氢嘧啶基、2-哌嗪基、1,3,5-六氢三嗪-2-基和1,2,4-六氢三嗪-3-基、2-吗啉基、3-吗啉基、2-硫代吗啉基、3-硫代吗啉基、1-氧硫代吗啉-2-基、1-氧硫代吗啉-3-基、1,1-二氧硫代吗啉-2-基、1,1-二氧硫代吗啉-3-基,六氢氮杂-1-、-2-、-3-或-4-基,六氢氧杂环庚三烯基(oxepinyl)、六氢-1,3-二氮杂基、六氢-1,4-二氮杂基、六氢-1,3-氧氮杂基(oxazepinyl)、六氢-1,4-氧氮杂基、六氢-1,3-二氧杂环庚三烯基(dioxepinyl)、六氢-1,4-二氧杂环庚三烯基等。
3、4、5、6或7员部分不饱和杂环基或杂环的实例包括:2,3-二氢呋喃-2-基、2,3-二氢呋喃-3-基、2,4-二氢呋喃-2-基、2,4-二氢呋喃-3-基、2,3-二氢噻吩-2-基、2,3-二氢噻吩-3-基、2,4-二氢噻吩-2-基、2,4-二氢噻吩-3-基、2-吡咯啉-2-基、2-吡咯啉-3-基、3-吡咯啉-2-基、3-吡咯啉-3-基、2-异唑啉-3-基、3-异唑啉-3-基、4-异唑啉-3-基、2-异唑啉-4-基、3-异唑啉-4-基、4-异唑啉-4-基、2-异唑啉-5-基、3-异唑啉-5-基、4-异唑啉-5-基、2-异噻唑啉-3-基、3-异噻唑啉-3-基、4-异噻唑啉-3-基、2-异噻唑啉-4-基、3-异噻唑啉-4-基、4-异噻唑啉-4-基、2-异噻唑啉-5-基、3-异噻唑啉-5-基、4-异噻唑啉-5-基、2,3-二氢吡唑-1-基、2,3-二氢吡唑-2-基、2,3-二氢吡唑-3-基、2,3-二氢吡唑-4-基、2,3-二氢吡唑-5-基、3,4-二氢吡唑-1-基、3,4-二氢吡唑-3-基、3,4-二氢吡唑-4-基、3,4-二氢吡唑-5-基、4,5-二氢吡唑-1-基、4,5-二氢吡唑-3-基、4,5-二氢吡唑-4-基、4,5-二氢吡唑-5-基、2,3-二氢唑-2-基、2,3-二氢唑-3-基、2,3-二氢唑-4-基、2,3-二氢唑-5-基、3,4-二氢唑-2-基、3,4-二氢唑-3-基、3,4-二氢唑-4-基、3,4-二氢唑-5-基、3,4-二氢唑-2-基、3,4-二氢唑-3-基、3,4-二氢唑-4-基,2-、3-、4-、5-或6-二-或四氢吡啶基,3-二-或四氢哒嗪基、4-二-或四氢哒嗪基、2-二-或四氢嘧啶基、4-二-或四氢嘧啶基、5-二-或四氢嘧啶基、二-或四氢吡嗪基、1,3,5-二-或四氢三嗪-2-基、1,2,4-二-或四氢三嗪-3-基,2,3,4,5-四氢[1H]氮杂-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,3,4,5,6-四氢[2H]氮杂-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,2,3,4,7-四氢[1H]氮杂-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,2,3,6,7-四氢[1H]氮杂-1-、-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,四氢氧杂环庚三烯基,如2,3,4,5-四氢[1H]氧杂环庚三烯-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,2,3,4,7-四氢[1H]氧杂环庚三烯-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,2,3,6,7-四氢[1H]氧杂环庚三烯-2-、-3-、-4-、-5-、-6-或-7-基,四氢-1,3-二氮杂基,四氢-1,4-二氮杂基,四氢-1,3-氧氮杂基,四氢-1,4-氧氮杂基,四氢-1,3-二氧杂环庚三烯基和四氢-1,4-二氧杂环庚三烯基。
5或6员芳族杂环基(杂芳基)或杂芳族环的实例是2-呋喃基、3-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、3-噻吩基、2-吡咯基、3-吡咯基、3-吡唑基、4-吡唑基、5-吡唑基、2-唑基、4-唑基、5-唑基、2-噻唑基、4-噻唑基、5-噻唑基、2-咪唑基、4-咪唑基、1,3,4-三唑-2-基、2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基、4-吡啶基、3-哒嗪基、4-哒嗪基、2-嘧啶基、4-嘧啶基、5-嘧啶基和2-吡嗪基。
“C2-Cm亚烷基”是具有2-m个,例如2-7个碳原子的二价支化或优选未支化饱和脂族链,例如CH2CH2、-CH(CH3)-、CH2CH2CH2、CH(CH3)CH2、CH2CH(CH3)、CH2CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2和CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2。
用于杀害虫方法中以及用于杀虫应用目的的本发明实施方案和优选化合物在下面段落中示出。
下面关于根据本发明的化合物的变量(取代基)的优选实施方案,尤其就其取代基X、Y、Z、X1、X2、Y1、A、R1、Ra、Raa、Rb、Rc、Rd、Re、R2、R2a、R2aa、R3、m、n、p和Het的优选实施方案以及适用的话用途、方法和根据本发明的组合物所作说明既单独有效又尤其以每一可能的相互组合有效。
在特定实施方案中,式(I)化合物的各变量具有下列含义,这些含义既单独又相互组合地为式(I)化合物的特定实施方案:
在式(I)化合物的一个优选实施方案中,X为O。这些化合物对应于式(I.1)化合物。
在式(I)化合物的再一实施方案中,X为S。这些化合物对应于式(I.2)化合物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为S。这些化合物对应于式(I.A)化合物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为O。这些化合物对应于式(I.B)化合物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为S且X为O。这些化合物对应于式I.1.A化合物:
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为S且X为S。这些化合物对应于式I.2.A化合物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为O且X为O。这些化合物对应于式I.1.B化合物。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Y为O且X为S。这些化合物对应于式I.2.B化合物。
在这些实施方案中,优选式I.1.B化合物。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案,Z为直接键或C(RaRaa)O。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,Z为直接键。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,Z为O、S(O)m、NRb、C(=X1)、C(=X1)Y1或Y1C(=X1)。在另一实施方案中,Z为O、S(O)m或NRb。在另一实施方案中,Z为C(=X1)、C(=X1)Y1或Y1C(=X1)。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,X1为O。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,X1为S。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,X1为NRb。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,Y1为O。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,Y1为S。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,Y1为NRc。
在式(I)化合物的一个实施方案中,A为CH或N,并且其中嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成5或6员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多1个独立地选自O、S和N(Rc)p的杂原子,其中各环可以被至多一个Ra取代,其中Ra具有下文所述含义。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,A为CH或N,并且其中嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成5员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多1个独立地选自O、S和N(Rc)p的杂原子。
在式(I)化合物的另一实施方案中,A为CH或N,并且其中嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成6员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多1个独立地选自O、S和N(Rc)p的杂原子。
在另一实施方案中,优选式(I)化合物,其中A为CH,并且其中嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成5或6员环,得到选自式II-1至II-15化合物的式(II)化合物:
在另一实施方案中,式(I)化合物选自式II-1、II-2、II-3、II-4、II-5、II-6、II-7和II-15的化合物。
在另一实施方案中,式(I)化合物选自式II-1、II-2、II-3、II-4、II-5、II-6和II-7的化合物。
在一个优选实施方案中,式(I)化合物为式II-1化合物。
在另一实施方案中,式(I)化合物为式II-15化合物。
在另一实施方案中,式(I)化合物为式II-16化合物。
在一个实施方案中,R1为氢、C1-C8烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C2-C8炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C6环烷基、C4-C10环烯基或C5-C11环烷基环烷基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或部分或完全被Ra取代,其中Ra具有下文所述含义。
在另一实施方案中,R1为可以含有1-3个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的3-10员饱和或部分饱和或杂环体系,其中S可以被氧化且杂环可以未被取代或被Ra取代。
在另一实施方案中,R1为氢、C1-C4烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C1-C6烷氧基、C3-C6环烷基或C5-C11环烷基环烷基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或部分或完全被卤素取代。
在另一实施方案中,R1为C1-C4烷基、C2-C8链烯基、C3-C6环烷基、苯基或苄基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或部分或完全被Ra取代,其中Ra具有下文所述含义。
在另一实施方案中,R1为C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基或苯基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或部分或完全被卤素或C1-C4烷基取代。
在另一实施方案中,R1为C1-C4烷基、C2-C4链烯基、苯基或苄基,其中上述基团的C原子可以部分或完全被卤素,优选Cl或F取代。
在另一实施方案中,R1为C1-C4烷基、C3-C6环烷基或苯基,优选CH3、CH2CH3、CH(CH3)2、环丙基或苯基。
在另一实施方案中,R1为C1-C3烷基,优选CH3、CH2CH3或CH(CH3)2;特别是R1为CH2CH3。
在一个实施方案中,R2为氢、卤素、CN、NO2、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C6环烷基、C5-C6环烯基、C5-C14环烷基环烷基或者S(O)mRb,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或部分或完全被R2a取代。
在一个实施方案中,R2为氢、卤素、CN、C1-C6烷基、C1-C2烷氧基-C1-C2烷基或C3-C6环烷基,其中上述基团的C原子可以被卤素或CN取代。
在一个实施方案中,R2为氢、卤素、CN或可以被卤素取代的C1-C4烷基。
在另一实施方案中,R2为CN。
在另一实施方案中,R2为氢或C1-C2烷基,特别是CH3。
在另一实施方案中,R2为C1-C6卤代烷基,优选C1-C2卤代烷基,特别是卤代甲基,如CF3或CHF2。
在另一实施方案中,R2为C1-C2烷氧基-C1-C2烷基,优选C1-C2烷氧基甲基,特别是CH2OCH3。
在另一实施方案中,R2为C3-C6环烷基,优选可以被取代,优选被卤素或氰基取代的环丙基。
在另一实施方案中,R2为C2-C6烷基,优选C2-C4烷基,特别是CH2CH3或C(CH3)3。
在另一实施方案中,R2为C1-C6烷基,优选C1-C2烷基,特别是CH3。
在另一实施方案中,R2为卤素,优选Cl或F,特别是F。
在另一实施方案中,R2为5或6员碳环或杂环,该环可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代,并且其中R2a如下文所定义或者R2a优选为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、ORc、C(=O)ORc、C(=O)NRbRc、苯基或吡啶基(可以被卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代)。
在另一实施方案中,R2为6员碳环或杂环,该环可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代,并且其中R2a为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、ORc、C(=O)ORc、C(=O)NRbRc、苯基或吡啶基(可以被R2aa取代),其中R2aa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,R2为6员芳族碳环,该环可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代,并且其中R2a为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、ORc、C(=O)ORc、C(=O)NRbRc、苯基或可以被R2aa取代的吡啶基,其中R2aa如下文所定义,优选R2aa为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基。
在该实施方案中,R2为可以被卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代的苯基。
此外,在该实施方案中,R2为可以被苯基取代的苯基。
在另一实施方案中,R2为6员杂环,该环含有1或2个,优选1个选自N-Rc、O和S的杂原子,其中S可以被氧化,该杂环未被取代或被一个或多个基团R2a取代,其中R2a如下文所定义。
在一个实施方案中,Ra为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、苯基、吡啶基、噻唑基、呋喃基、嘧啶基或噻吩基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或被一个或多个Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基或C3-C6环烷基。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基或C3-C6环烷基。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素。
在一个实施方案中,Ra为卤素、CN、NO2、S(O)mRb、C(O)Rc、C(O)ORc、C(O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯氧基或C2-C6炔氧基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代、部分或完全被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、CN、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯氧基或C2-C6炔氧基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代、部分或完全被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、CN、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯氧基或C2-C6炔氧基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代、部分或完全被卤素取代。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6烷氧基。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素、CN或C1-C2卤代烷基.
在另一实施方案中,Ra为卤素或C1-C2卤代烷基.
在一个实施方案中,Ra为卤素,优选Br、Cl或F,特别是Cl。
在另一实施方案中,Ra为C1-C2卤代烷基,优选卤代甲基,如CHF2或CF3,特别是CF3。
在一个实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团Ra可以一起形成选自=O、=S、=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团;
在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团Ra可以一起形成选自=CRbRc、=NRc、=NORc和=NNRcRc的基团;
在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团Ra可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团Ra可以一起形成=N(C1-C6烷基)。
在一个实施方案中,Rb为氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、苯基、吡啶基、噻唑基或噻吩基,其中上述基团的C原子可以被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。在另一实施方案中,Rb为氢、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基。在另一实施方案中,Rb为氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基。在一个实施方案中,Rb为C1-C6烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基。在一个实施方案中,Rb为H。
在一个实施方案中,Rc为氢、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基、C1-C6环烷基、苯基、吡啶基、噻唑基或噻吩基,其中上述基团的C原子可以被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。在另一实施方案中,Rc为氢、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基或C1-C6环烷基。在一个实施方案中,Rc为氢、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基。在一个实施方案中,Rc为C1-C6烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基。在一个实施方案中,Rc为H。
在一个实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团RbRb、RcRb或RcRc与它们所键合的原子一起可以形成可以含有1-2个选自N、O、S、NO、SO和SO2的杂原子或杂原子基团的3、4、5、6或7员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族碳环或杂环并且其中该碳环或杂环可以部分或完全被R3取代。
在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团RbRb、RcRb或RcRc与它们所键合的原子一起可以形成5或6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族碳环,该环可以部分或完全被R3取代并且其中R3如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团RbRb、RcRb或RcRc与它们所键合的原子一起可以形成可以含有1-2个选自N、O、S、NO、SO和SO2的杂原子或杂原子基团的5或6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族杂环,其中该环可以部分或完全被R3取代并且其中R3如下文所定义。
在一个实施方案中,Rd为氢、苯基、C1-C4烷基或C2-C6链烯基,其中上述基团可以被一个或多个卤素取代。在另一实施方案中,Rd为可以被卤素取代的C1-C4烷基或苯基。在另一实施方案中,Rc为C1-C4烷基,优选CH3。
在一个实施方案中,Re为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基、C1-C6环烷基、苯基、吡啶基、噻唑基或噻吩基,其中上述基团可以被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。在另一实施方案中,Re为C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷基羰基或C1-C6环烷基。在另一实施方案中,Re为C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基。
在一个实施方案中,Raa为卤素、C1-C6烷基或C1-C6卤代烷基。在另一实施方案中,Raa为C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基。在一个实施方案中,Raa为卤素。
在一个实施方案中,R2a为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、ORc、C(=O)ORc、C(=O)NRbRc或苯基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或被一个或多个R2aa取代,其中R2aa如下文所定义,特别是R2a为卤素、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基。
在一个实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团R2a可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在一个实施方案中,R2a为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、ORc、NRbRc、NO2、苯基、吡啶基、噻唑基、呋喃基、嘧啶基或噻吩基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代或被一个或多个R2aa取代,其中R2aa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为卤素、C1-C4卤代烷基或C3-C6卤代烷氧基。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为可以被一个或多个R2aa取代的苯基。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为卤素。在另一实施方案中,R2a为C1-C6卤代烷基。在另一实施方案中,R2a为C1-C6卤代烷氧基。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为卤素、CN、NO2、S(O)mRb、C(=O)Rc、C(=O)ORc、C(O)NRbRc、C(=S)NRbRc、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯氧基或C2-C6炔氧基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代、部分或完全被Raa取代,其中Raa如下文所定义。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为C(=O)ORc或C(=O)NRbRc。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为卤素、CN、C1-C6烷基、C3-C6环烷基、C2-C6链烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6链烯氧基或C2-C6炔氧基,其中上述基团的C原子可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2aa取代,其中R2aa如下文所定义。
在一个实施方案中,R2a为Br、Cl或F,特别是Cl。
在另一实施方案中,R2a为C1-C2卤代烷基,优选卤代甲基,如CHF2或CF3,特别是CF3。
在一个实施方案中,R2aa为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)(O)p(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、S(O)m(C1-C6烷基)、SO2N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、OSO2(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)SO2(C1-C6烷基)或S(=O)p(=N(C1-C6烷基))(C1-C6烷基),或者两个孪位键合的基团R2aa可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在一个实施方案中,R2aa为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)(O)p(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、S(O)m(C1-C6烷基)、SO2N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、OSO2(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)SO2(C1-C6烷基)或S(=O)p(=N(C1-C6烷基))(C1-C6烷基)。在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团R2aa可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在一个实施方案中,R3为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)(O)p(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、S(O)m(C1-C6烷基)、SO2N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、OSO2(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)SO2(C1-C6烷基)、S(=O)p(=N(C1-C6烷基))(C1-C6烷基),或者两个孪位键合的基团R3可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在一个实施方案中,R3a为卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、C2-C4链烯基、C2-C4炔基、C3-C6环烷基、CN、N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)(O)p(C1-C6烷基)、C(=O)N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、S(O)m(C1-C6烷基)、SO2N(C1-C6烷基)(C1-C6烷基)、OSO2(C1-C6烷基)、N(C1-C6烷基)SO2(C1-C6烷基)或S(=O)p(=N(C1-C6烷基))(C1-C6烷基)。在另一实施方案中,两个孪位键合的基团R3a可以一起形成选自=O、=S和=N(C1-C6烷基)的基团。
在一个实施方案中,m为0。在另一实施方案中,m为1。在另一实施方案中,m为2。
在一个实施方案中,n为0。在另一实施方案中,n为1。在另一实施方案中,n为2。
在一个实施方案中,p为0。在另一实施方案中,p为1。
在一个实施方案中,Het为5或6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族杂环,其可以含有1-4个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代且在Het的含义中的剩余变量如上所定义。
在一个实施方案中,Het为可以含有1-2个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的5或6员饱和、部分不饱和或芳族杂环,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代。
在一个实施方案中,Het为含有2个选自N(Rc)p、O和S的杂原子的5员芳族杂环,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代。
在一个实施方案中,Het为含有1个选自N(Rc)p、O和S,优选O的杂原子的5员饱和杂环,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代。
在一个实施方案中,Het为含有2个选自N(Rc)p、O和S,优选N(Rc)p的杂原子的6员芳族杂环,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代。
在一个实施方案中,Het为含有1个选自N(Rc)p、O和S,优选N(Rc)p的杂原子的6员芳族杂环,其中该杂环被(Ra)n取代。
在一个实施方案中,Het为被(Ra)n取代的吡啶基。
在一个实施方案中,Het为被(Ra)n取代的四氢呋喃基。
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系D-1至D-56中的任一个:
用于结构中时,下列#表示与式(I)中A的键。
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系中的任一个:
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系D-2、D-9、D-22、D-25、D-28、D-29和D-54:
其中Ra为卤素、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基或苯基;优选Ra为卤素或卤代甲基。
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系D-2、D-9和D-25:
其中Ra为卤素、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4烷硫基或苯基,优选卤素或C1-C4卤代烷基;更优选Ra为Cl、Br、F或CF3,最优选Ra为Cl或CF3。
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系D-2、D-25或D-54:
其中Ra为卤素或C1-C4卤代烷基;优选Ra为Cl、Br、F或CF3,最优选Ra为Cl或CF3。
在另一实施方案中,Het选自下列环体系D-2a、D-2b、D-2c、D-25a和D-54a:
其中Ra相互独立地选自Cl、Br、F和CF3。
在另一实施方案中,Het为D-2,优选D-2b或D-2c,特别是D-2b,其中Ra为Cl或CF3。
在另一实施方案中,Het为D-2a。
在另一实施方案中,Het为D-25,优选被Cl取代的D-25a。
在另一实施方案中,Het为D-9,优选D-9a或D9b。
在另一实施方案中,Het为D-56,优选D-56a。
尤其考虑到其用途,优选汇编在下表中的式(I)化合物,这些化合物对应于式I.1.B化合物(即其中X和Y为O)以及优选的式II-1、II-2、II-3、II-4、II-5、II-6、II-7和II-15化合物。此外,对表中取代基提到的各基团本身为所述取代基的特别优选方面,与其中提到它们的组合无关。此外,表中取代基的各单独含义构成所述取代基的特别优选实施方案。
表1:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-1)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表2:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-2)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表3:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-3)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表4:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-4)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表5:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-5)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表6:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-6)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表7:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-7)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表8:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-8)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表9:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-9)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表10:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-10)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表11:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-11)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表12:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-12)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表13:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-13)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表14:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-14)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表15:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-15)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表16:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-16)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表17:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-17)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表18:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-18)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表19:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-19)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表20:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-20)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表21:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-21)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表22:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-22)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表23:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-23)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表24:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-24)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表25:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-25)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表26:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-26)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表27:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-27)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表28:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-28)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表29:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-29)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表30:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-30)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表31:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-31)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表32:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-32)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-CH3,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表33:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-33)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表34:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-34)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表35:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-35)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表36:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-36)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表37:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-37)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表38:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-38)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表39:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-39)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表40:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-40)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表41:对应于式II-1化合物的式(III-41)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表42:对应于式II-2化合物的式(III-42)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表43:对应于式II-3化合物的式(III-43)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表44:对应于式II-4化合物的式(III-12)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表45:对应于式II-5化合物的式(III-45)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表46:对应于式II-6化合物的式(III-46)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表47:对应于式II-7化合物的式(III-47)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表48:对应于式II-15化合物的式(III-48)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行。
表49:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-49)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2b,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表50:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-50)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为Cl,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表51:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-51)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-2c,其中Ra为Cl和苯基,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表52:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-52)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-25a,其中Ra为S-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表53:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-53)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-9b,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表54:对应于式II-16化合物的式(III-54)化合物,其中X和Y为O,Het为D-56a,其中Ra为O-Me,以及R1、ZR2的组合对化合物而言在每种情况下对应于表A的一行:
表A:
本发明式(I)化合物可以根据下列合成途径,例如根据如下所述制备方法和制备方案制备。
本发明式(I)化合物可以根据例如如下所述制备方法和制备方法制备。
用作合成根据本发明的化合物的原料的化合物通常可以通过有机化学的标准方法制备。若没有相反说明,则这些方案中所给结构的变量如X、Y、Het、R1和R2的定义具有如上所定义的相同含义。
式(I)化合物例如可以通过使适当取代的化合物P-1与丙二酸酯衍生物P-2类似于Holyoke等在WO 2009/099929中所述方法反应而制备(方案1):
方案1
化合物如P-1可以由相应化合物P-3通过与胺亲核试剂如P-4例如如MichelLanglois等,Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry,19(1),193-200,1982所述反应而制备,其中LG表示离去基团如卤素(例如氯或溴)、OR’或SR’,其中R’为C1-C6烷基,优选氯、甲氧基、乙氧基、甲硫基或乙硫基(方案2):
方案2
化合物如P-3可以由相应内酰胺P-5通过本领域熟练技术人员已知的标准程序得到。例如参见Allen,Jennifer Rebecca等,WO 2004/094382或Lang,Kai等,Journal ofOrganic Chemistry,75(19),6424-6435,2010(方案3):
方案3
内酰胺在有机化学中广泛使用且其生产方法众所周知。例如见Smith,M.B.,Science of Synthesis,(2005)21,653。
若各化合物不能经由上述途径制备,则可以通过衍生其他式(I)化合物或通过所述合成途径的常规变化制备它们。
例如,在单独情况下,某些式(I)化合物可以有利地通过衍生,例如通过酯水解、酰胺化、酯化、醚裂解、烯烃化、还原、氧化等或者通过所述合成途径的常规变化而由其他式(I)化合物制备。
反应混合物以常规方式后处理,例如通过与水混合、分离各相并且合适的话通过层析,例如在矾土或硅胶上层析而提纯粗产物。
本文所用术语“无脊椎动物害虫”包括动物种群,如节肢动物害虫,包括昆虫和蜘蛛,以及线虫,它们可能侵袭植物,从而对被侵袭植物产生显著损害,以及可能侵染动物,尤其是温血动物如哺乳动物或鸟类或其他高等动物如爬行动物、两栖动物或鱼类,从而对被侵染动物产生显著损害的体外寄生虫。
本发明式(I)化合物尤其适合有效防治节肢动物害虫如蜘蛛、蜈蚣(myriapede)和昆虫以及线虫。
式(I)化合物尤其适合有效防除下列害虫:
鳞翅目昆虫(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)),例如小地老虎(Agrotis ypsilon)、黄地老虎(Agrotis segetum)、木棉虫(Alabama argillacea)、黎豆夜蛾(Anticarsiagemmatalis)、Argyresthia conjugella、叉纹夜蛾(Autographa gamma)、树尺蠖(Bupaluspiniarius)、Cacoecia murinana、Capua reticulana、Cheimatobia brumata、云杉色卷蛾(Choristoneura fumiferana)、Choristoneura occidentalis、二化螟(Cirphisunipuncta)、苹果小卷蛾(Cydia pomonella)、松毛虫(Dendrolimus pini)、Diaphanianitidalis、西南玉米杆草螟(Diatraea grandiosella)、埃及钻夜蛾(Earias insulana)、南美玉米苗斑螟(Elasmopalpus lignosellus)、女贞细卷蛾(Eupoecilia ambiguella)、Evetria bouliana、Feltia subterranea、蜡螟(Galleria mellonella)、李小食心虫(Grapholitha funebrana)、梨小食心虫(Grapholitha molesta)、棉铃虫(Heliothisarmigera)、烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)、玉米穗虫(Heliothis zea)、菜螟(Hellulaundalis)、Hibernia defoliaria、美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea)、苹果巢蛾(Hyponomeutamalinellus)、番茄虫蛾(Keiferia lycopersicella)、Lambdina fiscellaria、甜菜夜蛾(Laphygma exigua)、咖啡潜叶蛾(Leucoptera coffeella)、旋纹潜蛾(Leucopterascitella)、Lithocolletis blancardella、葡萄浆果小卷蛾(Lobesia botrana)、甜菜网螟(Loxostege sticticalis)、舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar)、模毒蛾(Lymantria monacha)、桃潜蛾(Lyonetia clerkella)、黄褐天幕毛虫(Malacosoma neustria)、甘蓝夜蛾(Mamestrabrassicae)、黄杉毒蛾(Orgyia pseudotsugata)、玉米螟(Ostrinia nubilalis)、小眼夜蛾(Panolis flammea)、棉花红铃虫(Pectinophora gossypiella)、疆夜蛾(Peridromasaucia)、圆掌舟蛾(Phalera bucephala)、马铃薯麦蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)、柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistis citrella)、欧洲粉蝶(Pieris brassicae)、苜蓿绿夜蛾(Plathypena scabra)、菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)、大豆夜蛾(Pseudoplusiaincludens)、Rhyacionia frustrana、Scrobipalpula absoluta、麦蛾(Sitotrogacerealella)、葡萄卷叶蛾(Sparganothis pilleriana)、草地夜蛾(Spodopterafrugiperda)、海灰翅夜蛾(Spodoptera littoralis)、斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)、Thaumatopoea pityocampa、绿色橡木飞蛾(Tortrix viridana)、粉纹夜蛾(Trichoplusiani)和Zeiraphera canadensis;
甲虫(鞘翅目(Coleoptera)),例如梨窄吉丁(Agrilus sinuatus)、直条叩头虫(Agriotes lineatus)、暗色叩头虫(Agriotes obscurus)、Amphimallus solstitialis、Anisandrus dispar、墨西哥棉铃象(Anthonomus grandis)、苹花象(Anthonomuspomorum)、Aphthona euphoridae、Athous haemorrhoidalis、甜菜隐食甲(Atomarialinearis)、纵坑切梢小蠹(Blastophagus piniperda)、Blitophaga undata、蚕豆象(Bruchus rufimanus)、豌豆象(Bruchus pisorum)、欧洲兵豆象(Bruchus lentis)、苹卷象(Byctiscus betulae)、甜菜大龟甲(Cassida nebulosa)、Cerotoma trifurcata、金花金龟(Cetonia aurata)、白菜籽龟象(Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis)、芫菁龟象(Ceuthorrhynchus napi)、甜菜胫跳甲(Chaetocnema tibialis)、Conoderusvespertinus、石刁柏负泥虫(Crioceris asparagi)、Ctenicera属、长角叶甲(Diabroticalongicornis)、Diabrotica semipunctata、Diabrotica 12-punctata、南美叶甲(Diabrotica speciosa)、玉米根叶甲(Diabrotica virgifera)、墨西哥豆瓢虫(Epilachnavarivestis)、烟草跳甲(Epitrix hirtipennis)、棉灰蒙象变种(Eutinobothrusbrasiliensis)、欧洲松树皮象(Hylobius abietis)、埃及苜蓿叶象(Hyperabrunneipennis)、紫苜蓿叶象(Hypera postica)、云杉八齿小蠹(Ips typographus)、烟草负泥虫(Lema bilineata)、黑角负泥虫(Lema melanopus)、马铃薯叶甲(Leptinotarsadecemlineata)、Limonius californicus、稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)、Melanotus communis、油菜露尾甲(Meligethes aeneus)、大栗鳃金龟(Melolonthahippocastani)、五月鳃金龟(Melolontha melolontha)、水稻负泥虫(Oulema oryzae)、葡萄黑耳喙象(Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus)、草莓根象甲(Otiorrhynchus ovatus)、辣根猿叶甲(Phaedon cochleariae)、梨树叶象(Phyllobius pyri)、Phyllotreta chrysocephala、食叶鳃金龟属(Phyllophaga spp.)、庭园发丽金龟(Phyllopertha horticola)、大豆淡足跳甲(Phyllotreta nemorum)、黄曲条菜跳甲(Phyllotreta striolata)、日本金龟子(Popillia japonica)、豌豆叶象(Sitona lineatus)和谷象(Sitophilus granaria);
蝇、蚊(双翅目(Diptera)),例如埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)、白纹伊蚊(Aedesalbopictus)、剌扰伊蚊(Aedes vexans)、墨西哥果蝇(Anastrepha ludens)、五斑按蚊(Anopheles maculipennis)、Anopheles crucians、白足按蚊(Anopheles albimanus)、疟蚊(Anopheles gambiae)、Anopheles freeborni、海南岛白踝按蚊(Anophelesleucosphyrus)、云南微小按蚊(Anopheles minimus)、四斑按蚊(Anophelesquadrimaculatus)、红头丽蝇(Calliphora vicina)、地中海实蝇(Ceratitis capitata)、蛆症金蝇(Chrysomya bezziana)、Chrysomya hominivorax、Chrysomya macellaria、鹿蝇(Chrysops discalis)、Chrysops silacea、Chrysops atlanticus、螺旋蝇(Cochliomyiahominivorax)、高粱瘿蚊(Contarinia sorghicola)、嗜人瘤蝇蛆(Cordylobiaanthropophaga)、狂怒库蠓(Culicoides furens)、尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)、斑蚊(Culexnigripalpus)、致倦库蚊(Culex quinquefasciatus)、媒斑蚊(Culex tarsalis)、Culisetainornata、Culiseta melanura、瓜蝇(Dacus cucurbitae)、油橄榄实蝇(Dacus oleae)、油菜叶瘿蚊(Dasineura brassicae)、Delia antique、麦地种蝇(Delia coarctata)、灰地种蝇(Delia platura)、甘蓝地种蝇(Delia radicum)、人肤皮蝇(Dermatobia hominis)、小毛厕蝇(Fannia canicularis)、Geomyza Tripunctata、马蝇(Gasterophilusintestinalis)、刺舌蝇(Glossina morsitans)、须舌蝇(Glossina palpalis)、Glossinafuscipes、胶舌蝇(Glossina tachinoides)、Haematobia irritans、Haplodiplosisequestris、潜蝇属(Hippelates spp.)、花生田灰地种蝇(Hylemyia platura)、纹皮蝇(Hypoderma lineata)、Leptoconops torrens、蔬菜斑潜蝇(Liriomyza sativae)、美国潜叶蝇(Liriomyza trifolii)、Lucilia caprina、铜绿蝇(Lucilia cuprina)、丝光绿蝇(Lucilia sericata)、Lycoria pectoralis、Mansonia titillanus、麦瘿蚊(Mayetioladestructor)、秋家蝇(Musca autumnalis)、家蝇(Musca domestica)、厩腐蝇(Muscinastabulans)、羊狂蝇(Oestrus ovis)、Opomyza florum、欧洲麦秆蝇(Oscinella frit)、天仙子泉蝇(Pegomya hysocyami)、葱蝇(Phorbia antiqua)、萝卜蝇(Phorbia brassicae)、麦地种蝇(Phorbia coarctata)、银足白蛉(Phlebotomus argentipes)、Psorophoracolumbiae、胡萝卜茎蝇(Psila rosae)、Psorophora discolor、Prosimulium mixtum、樱桃实蝇(Rhagoletis cerasi)、苹果实蝇(Rhagoletis pomonella)、赤尾麻蝇(Sarcophagahaemorrhoidalis)、肉蝇属(Sarcophaga spp.)、Simulium vittatum、厩螫蝇(Stomoxyscalcitrans)、牛虻(Tabanus bovinus)、Tabanus atratus、红色原虻(Tabanus lineola)、Tabanus similis、Tipula oleracea和欧洲大蚊(Tipula paludosa);
蓟马(缨翅目(Thysanoptera)),例如兰花蓟马(Dichromothrips corbetti)、Dichromothrips属、烟褐蓟马(Frankliniella fusca)、苜蓿花蓟马(Frankliniellaoccidentalis)、东方花蓟马(Frankliniella tritici)、桔梗蓟马(Scirtothrips citri)、稻蓟马(Thrips oryzae)、棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi)和烟蓟马(Thrips tabaci);
白蚁(等翅目(Isoptera)),例如Calotermes flavicollis、Leucotermesflavipes、金黄异白蚁(Heterotermes aureus)、黄肢散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)、美小黑散白蚁(Reticulitermes virginicus)、欧洲散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、Reticulitermes santonensis、Reticulitermes grassei、Termes natalensis和台湾乳白蚁(Coptotermes formosanus);
蟑螂(蜚蠊目(Blattaria-Blattodea)),例如德国小蠊(Blattella germanica)、Blattella asahinae、美洲蟑螂(Periplaneta americana)、日本大蠊(Periplanetajaponica)、棕色蜚蠊(Periplaneta brunnea)、Periplaneta fuligginosa、澳洲蜚蠊(Periplaneta australasiae)和东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis),
臭虫、蚜虫、叶蝉、白粉虱、介壳虫、蝉(半翅目(Hemiptera)),例如拟绿蝽(Acrosternum hilare)、玉米长蝽(Blissus leucopterus)、黑斑烟盲蝽(Cyrtopeltisnotatus)、棉红蝽(Dysdercus cingulatus)、Dysdercus intermedius、麦扁盾蝽(Eurygaster integriceps)、烟草蝽(Euschistus impictiventris)、棉红铃喙缘蝽(Leptoglossus phyllopus)、美洲牧草盲蝽(Lygus lineolaris)、牧草盲蝽(Lyguspratensis)、稻绿蝽(Nezara viridula)、甜菜拟网蝽(Piesma quadrata)、Solubeainsularis、Thyanta perditor、Acyrthosiphon onobrychis、落叶松球蚜(Adelgeslaricis)、Aphidula nasturtii、甜菜蚜(Aphis fabae)、草莓根蚜(Aphis forbesi)、苹果蚜(Aphis pomi)、棉蚜(Aphis gossypii)、北美茶簏子蚜(Aphis grossulariae)、希奈德蚜(Aphis schneideri)、卷叶蚜(Aphis spiraecola)、接骨木蚜(Aphis sambuci)、豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)、茄无网蚜(Aulacorthum solani)、银叶粉虱(Bemisiaargentifolii)、飞廉短尾蚜(Brachycaudus cardui)、李短尾蚜(Brachycaudushelichrysi)、桃短尾蚜(Brachycaudus persicae)、Brachycaudus prunicola、甘蓝蚜(Brevicoryne brassicae)、Capitophorus horni、Cerosipha gossypii、草莓中瘤钉毛蚜(Chaetosiphon fragaefolii)、茶镳隐瘤蚜(Cryptomyzus ribis)、高加索冷杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusia nordmannianae)、云杉椎球蚜(Dreyfusia piceae)、居根西圆尾蚜(Dysaphisradicola)、Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani、车前圆尾蚜(Dysaphis plantaginea)、梨西圆尾蚜(Dysaphis pyri)、蚕豆微叶蝉(Empoasca fabae)、桃大尾蚜(Hyalopterus pruni)、Hyperomyzus lactucae、麦长管蚜(Macrosiphum avenae)、大戟长管蚜(Macrosiphumeuphorbiae)、蔷薇管蚜(Macrosiphon rosae)、巢莱修尾蚜(Megoura viciae)、Melanaphispyrarius、麦无网蚜(Metopolophium dirhodum)、Myzodes persicae、冬葱瘤额蚜(Myzusascalonicus)、Myzus cerasi、李瘤蚜(Myzus varians)、黑茶镳子衲长管蚜(Nasonoviaribis-nigri)、稻飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)、囊柄瘿绵蚜(Pemphigus bursarius)、蔗飞虱(Perkinsiella saccharicida)、忽布疣蚜(Phorodon humuli)、苹木虱(Psylla mali)、梨木虱(Psylla piri)、冬葱瘤蛾蚜(Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus)、玉米蚜(Rhopalosiphummaidis)、禾谷溢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum padi)、苹草缢管蚜(Rhopalosiphum insertum)、Sappaphis mala、Sappaphis mali、麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)、Schizoneuralanuginosa、麦长管蚜(Sitobion avenae)、白粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)、桔二叉蚜(Toxoptera aurantiiand)、葡萄根瘤蚜(Viteus vitifolii)、温带臭虫(Cimexlectularius)、热带臭虫(Cimex hemipterus)、Reduvius senilis、Triatoma属和Ariluscritatus;
蚂蚁、蜜蜂、黄蜂、锯蝇(膜翅目(Hymenoptera)),例如新疆菜叶蜂(Athaliarosae)、切叶蚁(Atta cephalotes)、Atta capiguara、Atta cephalotes、Atta laevigata、Atta robusta、Atta sexdens、Atta texana、举腹蚁属(Crematogaster spp.)、Hoplocampaminuta、Hoplocampa testudinea、Lasius niger、小黄家蚁(Monomorium pharaonis)、热带火蚁(Solenopsis geminata)、红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta)、黑火蚁(Solenopsisrichteri)、南方火蚁(Solenopsis xyloni)、红蚂蚁(Pogonomyrmex barbatus)、Pogonomyrmex californicus、Pheidole megacephala、天鹅绒蚂蚁(Dasymutillaoccidentalis)、熊蜂属(Bombus spp.)、大黄蜂(Vespula squamosa)、Paravespulavulgaris、Paravespula pennsylvanica、Paravespula germanica、姬胡蜂(Dolichovespula maculata)、黄边胡蜂(Vespa crabro)、胡蜂(Polistes rubiginosa)、Campodontus floridanus和阿根廷蚁(Linepithema humile);
蟋蟀、蚱蜢、蝗虫(直翅目(Orthoptera)),例如居屋艾蟋(Acheta domestica)、蝼蛄(Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa)、飞蝗(Locusta migratoria)、双纹黑蝗(Melanoplusbivittatus)、红足黑蝗(Melanoplus femurrubrum)、墨西哥黑蝗(Melanoplusmexicanus)、迁飞黑蝗(Melanoplus sanguinipes)、石栖黑蝗(Melanoplus spretus)、条纹红蝗(Nomadacris septemfasciata)、美洲沙漠蝗(Schistocerca americana)、沙漠蝗(Schistocerca gregaria)、摩洛哥戟纹蝗(Dociostaurus maroccanus)、庭疾灶螽(Tachycines asynamorus)、Oedaleus senegalensis、臭腹腺蝗(Zonozerus variegatus)、Hieroglyphus daganensis、Kraussaria angulifera、意大利蝗(Calliptamus italicus)、澳大利亚灾蝗(Chortoicetes terminifera)和褐飞蝗(Locustana pardalina);
蜘蛛纲(Arachnoidea),如蜘蛛(蜱螨目(Acarina)),例如软蜱科(Argasidae)、硬蜱科(Ixodidae)和疥螨科(Sarcoptidae),如长星形壁虱(Amblyomma americanum)、热带花蜱(Amblyomma variegatum)、Ambryomma maculatum、波斯锐缘蜱(Argas persicus)、牛壁虱(Boophilus annulatus)、Boophilus decoloratus、微小牛蜱(Boophilus microplus)、Dermacentor silvarum、安氏革螨(Dermacentor andersoni)、美洲大革螨(Dermacentorvariabilis)、Hyalomma truncatum、蓖子硬蜱(Ixodes ricinus)、Ixodes rubicundus、黑脚硬蜱(Ixodes scapularis)、全环硬蜱(Ixodes holocyclus)、太平洋硬蜱(Ixodespacificus)、Ornithodorus moubata、Ornithodorus hermsi、Ornithodorus turicata、柏氏禽刺螨(Ornithonyssus bacoti)、Otobius megnini、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssusgallinae)、绵羊疥病(Psoroptes ovis)、棕色犬壁虱(Rhipicephalus sanguineus)、Rhipicephalus appendiculatus、Rhipicephalus evertsi、人疥螨(Sarcoptes scabiei),以及瘿螨属(Eriophyidae spp.),如苹果刺锈螨(Aculus schlechtendali)、Phyllocoptrata oleivora和Eriophyes sheldoni;细螨属(Tarsonemidae spp.),如Phytonemus pallidus和侧多食跗线螨(Polyphagotarsonemus latus);细须螨属(Tenuipalpidae spp.),如紫红短须螨(Brevipalpus phoenicis);叶螨属(Tetranychidaespp.),如朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)、神泽叶螨(Tetranychus kanzawai)、太平洋叶螨(Tetranychus pacificus)、棉叶螨(Tetranychus telarius)和二点叶螨(Tetranychus urticae),苹果叶螨(Panonychus ulmi)、柑椐叶螨(Panonychus citri)和oligonychus pratensis;蜘蛛目(Araneida),例如毒蜘蛛(Latrodectus mactans)和褐隐毒蛛(Loxosceles reclusa);
蚤(蚤目(Siphonaptera)),例如猫蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)、狗蚤(Ctenocephalides canis)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis)、致痒蚤(Pulex irritans)、穿皮潜蚤(Tunga penetrans)和具带病蚤(Nosopsyllus fasciatus),
衣鱼、家衣鱼(缨尾目(Thysanura)),例如西洋衣鱼(Lepisma saccharina)和斑衣鱼(Thermobia domestica),
百足虫(唇足纲(Chilopoda)),例如Scutigera coleoptrata,
千足虫(倍足纲(Diplopoda)),例如Narceus属,
蠼蛸(革翅目(Dermaptera)),例如欧洲球螋(forficula auricularia),
虱(毛虱目(Phthiraptera)),例如人头虱(Pediculus humanus capitis)、人体虱(Pediculus humanus corporis)、阴虱(Pthirus pubis)、牛血虱(Haematopinuseurysternus)、猪血虱(Haematopinus suis)、牛颚虱(Linognathus vituli)、Bovicolabovis、鸡虱(Menopon gallinae)、Menacanthus stramineus和Solenopotes capillatus。
弹尾目(Collembola(跳虫)),例如北极棘跳虫属(Onychiurus spp.)。
式(I)化合物还适合防治线虫:植物寄生线虫如根结线虫,北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)、南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)、爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)和其他根结线虫(Meloidogyne)属;形成胞囊的线虫,马铃薯金线虫(Globodera rostochiensis)和其他球胞囊(Globodera)属;禾谷胞囊线虫(Heteroderaavenae)、大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines)、甜菜胞囊线虫(Heterodera schachtii)、三叶草胞囊线虫(Heterodera trifolii)和其他胞囊线虫(Heterodera)属;种子肿瘿线虫,粒线虫(Anguina)属;茎叶线虫,滑刃线虫(Aphelenchoides)属;刺线虫,杂草刺线虫(Belonolaimus longicaudatus)和其他针刺线虫(Belonolaimus)属;松线虫,松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)和其他伞滑刃线虫(Bursaphelenchus)属;环线虫,环纹线虫(Criconema)属、小环线虫(Criconemella)属、轮线虫(Criconemoides)属、中环线虫(Mesocriconema)属;球茎线虫,腐烂茎线虫(Ditylenchus destructor)、甘薯茎线虫(Ditylenchus dipsaci)和其他茎线虫(Ditylenchus)属;锥线虫,锥线虫(Dolichodorus)属;螺旋形线虫,Heliocotylenchus multicinctus和其他Helicotylenchus属;鞘线虫和鞘形线虫,鞘线虫(Hemicycliophora)属和半轮线虫(Hemicriconemoides)属;潜根线虫(Hirshmanniella)属;冠线虫,枪线虫(Hoplolaimus)属;伪根结线虫,珍珠线虫(Nacobbus)属;针线虫,横带长针线虫(Longidorus elongatus)和其他长针线虫(Longidorus)属;根腐线虫,Pratylencus neglectus、穿刺根腐线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)、Pratylenchuscurvitatus、全体短体线虫(Pratylenchus goodeyi)和其他根腐线虫(Pratylenchus)属;穿孔线虫,香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)和其他穿孔线虫(Radopholus)属;肾形线虫,Rotylenchus robustus和其他盘旋线虫(Rotylenchus)属;Scutellonema属;残根线虫,原始毛刺线虫(Trichodorus primitivus)和其他毛刺线虫(Trichodorus)属;拟毛刺(Paratrichodorus)属;阻长线虫,马齿苋矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus claytoni)、顺逆矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus dubius)和其他矮化线虫(Tylenchorhynchus)属;柑桔线虫,半穿刺线虫(Tylenchulus)属;剑线虫,剑线虫(Xiphinema)属;以及其他植物寄生线虫。
式(I)化合物对于防治或防除或处理或防止或保护上面所列各单独组的目标害虫及其各组合特别有用。
各组或各亚组上面所列害虫本身构成本发明化合物对其有用的特别优选目标害虫且因此构成特定实施方案,与每一可能组合无关。就此而言有用的是应理解为:
防除该类害虫的用途,或
防治该类害虫的用途,或
保护以防该类害虫侵袭的用途,或
处理该类害虫侵染或感染的用途,或
控制该类害虫侵染或感染的用途,或
防止该类害虫侵染或感染的用途,或
保护以防该类害虫侵染或感染的用途。
式(I)化合物特别可以用于防治昆虫,优选刺吸式口器昆虫如缨翅目、双翅目和半翅目昆虫。
式(I)化合物特别可以用于防治半翅目和缨翅目昆虫。
为了用于本发明方法中,可以将式(I)化合物转化成常规配制剂,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊、颗粒和直接可喷雾溶液。使用形式取决于特定的目的和施用方法。选择配制剂和施用方法以在每种情况下应确保本发明式(I)化合物精细和均匀地分布。
本发明农业化学组合物包含杀害虫有效量的本发明式(I)化合物。术语“有效量”表示足以防治场所,如作物、栽培植物上的动物害虫或在材料保护中足以防治动物害虫且不对被处理植物产生显著损害的量的组合物或式(I)化合物。该量可以在宽范围内变化且取决于各种因素,如待防治的动物害虫品种、被处理的栽培植物或材料、气候条件和所用具体式(I)化合物。
本发明式(I)化合物可以转化成常规类型的农业化学组合物,例如溶液、乳液、悬浮液、粉剂、粉末、糊、颗粒、模压品、胶囊及其混合物。组合物类型的实例是悬浮液(例如SC、OD、FS),可乳化浓缩物(例如EC),乳液(例如EW、EO、ES、ME),胶囊(例如CS、ZC),糊,锭剂,可湿性粉末或粉剂(例如WP、SP、WS、DP、DS),模压品(例如BR、TB、DT),颗粒(例如WG、SG、GR、FG、GG、MG),杀虫制品(例如LN)以及处理植物繁殖材料如种子的凝胶配制剂(例如GF)。这些和其他组合物类型在“Catalogue of pesticide formulation types and internationalcoding system”,Technical Monograph,第2期,2008年5月第6版,CropLifeInternational中有定义。
组合物如Mollet和Grubemann,Formulation technology,Wiley VCH,Weinheim,2001;或Knowles,New developments in crop protection product formulation,AgrowReports DS243,T&F Informa,London,2005所述以已知方式制备。
适合本发明配制剂和或农业化学组合物的助剂实例是溶剂,液体载体,固体载体或填料,表面活性剂,分散剂,乳化剂,润湿剂,辅助剂,加溶剂,渗透促进剂,保护性胶体,粘附剂,增稠剂,保湿剂,驱除剂,引诱剂,进食刺激剂,相容剂,杀菌剂,防冻剂,消泡剂,着色剂,增粘剂和粘合剂。
合适的溶剂和液体载体是水和有机溶剂,如中到高沸点的矿物油馏分,例如煤油、柴油;植物或动物来源的油;脂族、环状和芳族烃类,例如甲苯、石蜡、四氢萘、烷基化萘;醇类,如乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、苄醇、环己醇;二醇类;DMSO;酮类,例如环己酮;酯类,例如乳酸酯、碳酸酯、脂肪酸酯、γ-丁内酯;脂肪酸;膦酸酯;胺类;酰胺类,例如N-甲基吡咯烷酮,脂肪酸二甲基酰胺;以及它们的混合物。
合适的固体载体或填料是矿土,例如硅酸盐、硅胶、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、粘土、白云石、硅藻土、膨润土、硫酸钙、硫酸镁、氧化镁;多糖粉末,例如纤维素、淀粉;肥料,例如硫酸铵、磷酸铵、硝酸铵、脲类;植物来源的产品,例如谷粉、树皮粉、木粉、坚果壳粉,以及它们的混合物。
合适的表面活性剂是表面活性化合物,如阴离子、阳离子、非离子和两性表面活性剂,嵌段聚合物,聚电解质,以及它们的混合物。该类表面活性剂可以用作乳化剂、分散剂、加溶剂、润湿剂、渗透促进剂、保护性胶体或辅助剂。表面活性剂的实例列于McCutcheon’s,第1卷:Emulsifiers&Detergents,McCutcheon’s Directories,Glen Rock,USA,2008(International Ed.或North American Ed.)中。
合适的阴离子表面活性剂是磺酸、硫酸、磷酸、羧酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐以及它们的混合物。磺酸盐的实例是烷基芳基磺酸盐、二苯基磺酸盐、α-烯烃磺酸盐、木素磺酸盐、脂肪酸和油的磺酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的磺酸盐、烷氧基化芳基酚的磺酸盐、缩合萘的磺酸盐、十二烷基-和十三烷基苯的磺酸盐、萘和烷基萘的磺酸盐、磺基琥珀酸盐或磺基琥珀酰胺酸盐。硫酸盐的实例是脂肪酸和油的硫酸盐、乙氧基化烷基酚的硫酸盐、醇的硫酸盐、乙氧基化醇的硫酸盐或脂肪酸酯的硫酸盐。磷酸盐的实例是磷酸盐酯。羧酸盐的实例是烷基羧酸盐以及羧化醇或烷基酚乙氧基化物。
合适的非离子表面活性剂是烷氧基化物,N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺,胺氧化物,酯类,糖基表面活性剂,聚合物表面活性剂及其混合物。烷氧基化物的实例是诸如已经被1-50当量烷氧基化的醇、烷基酚、胺、酰胺、芳基酚、脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的化合物。可以将氧化乙烯和/或氧化丙烯用于烷氧基化,优选氧化乙烯。N-取代的脂肪酸酰胺的实例是脂肪酸葡糖酰胺或脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。酯类的实例是脂肪酸酯,甘油酯或甘油单酯。糖基表面活性剂的实例是脱水山梨醇、乙氧基化脱水山梨醇、蔗糖和葡萄糖酯或烷基聚葡糖苷。聚合物表面活性剂的实例是乙烯基吡咯烷酮、乙烯醇或乙酸乙烯酯的均聚物或共聚物。
合适的阳离子表面活性剂是季型表面活性剂,例如具有1或2个疏水性基团的季铵化合物,或长链伯胺的盐。合适的两性表面活性剂是烷基甜菜碱和咪唑啉类。合适的嵌段聚合物是包含聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的嵌段的A-B或A-B-A类型嵌段聚合物,或包含链烷醇、聚氧乙烯和聚氧丙烯的A-B-C类型嵌段聚合物。合适的聚电解质是聚酸或聚碱。聚酸的实例是聚丙烯酸的碱金属盐或聚酸梳状聚合物。聚碱的实例是聚乙烯基胺或聚乙烯胺。
合适的辅助剂是本身具有可忽略的农药活性或者本身甚至没有农药活性且改善式(I)化合物对目标物的生物学性能的化合物。实例是表面活性剂,矿物油或植物油以及其他助剂。其他实例由Knowles,Adjuvants and additives,Agrow Reports DS256,T&FInforma UK,2006,第5章列出。
合适的增稠剂是多糖(例如黄原胶、羧甲基纤维素)、无机粘土(有机改性或未改性的)、聚羧酸盐和硅酸盐。
合适的杀菌剂是拌棉醇和异噻唑啉酮衍生物如烷基异噻唑啉酮和苯并异噻唑啉酮。
合适的防冻剂是乙二醇、丙二醇、尿素和甘油。
合适的消泡剂是聚硅氧烷、长链醇和脂肪酸盐。
合适的着色剂(例如着红色、蓝色或绿色)是低水溶性颜料和水溶性染料。实例是无机着色剂(例如氧化铁、氧化钛、六氰合铁酸铁)和有机着色剂(例如茜素着色剂、偶氮着色剂和酞菁着色剂)。
合适的增粘剂或粘合剂是聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯酸酯、生物蜡或合成蜡以及纤维素醚。
组合物类型及其制备的实例为:
i)水溶性浓缩物(SL,LS)
将10-60重量%本发明式(I)化合物和5-15重量%润湿剂(例如醇烷氧基化物)溶于直至100重量%的水和/或水溶性溶剂(例如醇)中。活性物质在用水稀释时溶解。
ii)分散性浓缩物(DC)
将5-25重量%本发明式(I)化合物和1-10重量%分散剂(例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)溶于直至100重量%的有机溶剂(例如环己酮)中。用水稀释得到分散体。
iii)可乳化浓缩物(EC)
将15-70重量%本发明式(I)化合物和5-10重量%乳化剂(例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物)溶于直至100重量%的水不溶性有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)中。用水稀释得到乳液。
iv)乳液(EW,EO,ES)
将5-40重量%本发明式(I)化合物和1-10重量%乳化剂(例如十二烷基苯磺酸钙和蓖麻油乙氧基化物)溶于20-40重量%水不溶性有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)中。借助乳化机将该混合物引入直至100重量%的水中并制成均相乳液。用水稀释得到乳液。
v)悬浮液(SC,OD,FS)
在搅拌的球磨机中将20-60重量%本发明式(I)化合物在加入2-10重量%分散剂和润湿剂(例如木素磺酸钠和醇乙氧基化物)、0.1-2重量%增稠剂(例如黄原胶)和直至100重量%的水下粉碎,得到细活性物质悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性物质悬浮液。对于FS类型组合物加入至多40重量%粘合剂(例如聚乙烯醇)。
vi)水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒(WG,SG)
在加入直至100重量%的分散剂和润湿剂(例如木素磺酸钠和醇乙氧基化物)下精细研磨50-80重量%本发明式(I)化合物并借助工业装置(例如挤出机、喷雾塔、流化床)将其制成水分散性或水溶性颗粒。用水稀释得到稳定的活性物质分散体或溶液。
vii)水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP,SP,WS)
将50-80重量%本发明式(I)化合物在加入1-5重量%分散剂(例如木素磺酸钠)、1-3重量%润湿剂(例如醇乙氧基化物)和直至100重量%的固体载体如硅胶下在转子-定子磨机中研磨。用水稀释得到稳定的活性物质分散体或溶液。
viii)凝胶(GW,GF)
在搅拌的球磨机中在加入3-10重量%分散剂(例如木素磺酸钠)、1-5重量%增稠剂(例如羧甲基纤维素)和直至100重量%的水下粉碎5-25重量%本发明式(I)化合物,得到活性物质的精细悬浮液。用水稀释得到稳定的活性物质悬浮液。
iv)微乳液(ME)
将5-20重量%本发明式(I)化合物加入5-30重量%有机溶剂共混物(例如脂肪酸二甲基酰胺和环己酮)、10-25重量%表面活性剂共混物(例如醇乙氧基化物和芳基酚乙氧基化物)和直至100%的水中。将该混合物搅拌1小时,以自发产生热力学稳定的微乳液。
iv)微胶囊(CS)
将包含5-50重量%本发明式(I)化合物、0-40重量%水不溶性有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)、2-15重量%丙烯酸系单体(例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸和二-或三丙烯酸酯)的油相分散到保护性胶体(例如聚乙烯醇)的水溶液中。由自由基引发剂引发的自由基聚合导致形成聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯微胶囊。或者将包含5-50重量%本发明化合物I、0-40重量%水不溶性有机溶剂(例如芳族烃)和异氰酸酯单体(例如二苯基甲烷-4,4’-二异氰酸酯)的油相分散到保护性胶体(例如聚乙烯醇)的水溶液中。加入多胺(例如六亚甲基二胺)导致形成聚脲微胶囊。单体量为1-10重量%。重量%涉及整个CS组合物。
ix)可撒粉粉末(DP,DS)
将1-10重量%本发明式(I)化合物细研磨并与直至100重量%的固体载体如细碎高岭土充分混合。
x)颗粒(GR,FG)
将0.5-30重量%本发明式(I)化合物细研磨并结合直至100重量%的固体载体(例如硅酸盐)。通过挤出、喷雾干燥或流化床实现造粒。
xi)超低容量液体(UL)
将1-50重量%本发明式(I)化合物溶于直至100重量%的有机溶剂如芳族烃中。
组合物类型i)-xi)可以任选包含其他助剂,如0.1-1重量%杀菌剂,5-15重量%防冻剂,0.1-1重量%消泡剂和0.1-1重量%着色剂。
农业化学组合物通常包含0.01-95重量%,优选0.1-90重量%,最优选0.5-75重量%活性物质,即本发明式(I)化合物。活性物质通常以90-100%,优选95-100%的纯度(根据NMR光谱)使用。
为了处理植物繁殖材料,尤其是种子,通常使用水溶性浓缩物(LS),悬浮乳液(SE),可流动浓缩物(FS),干处理用粉末(DS),淤浆处理用水分散性粉末(WS),水溶性粉末(SS),乳液(ES),可乳化浓缩物(EC)和凝胶(GF)。
根据本发明的组合物在稀释2-10倍后在即用制剂中给出0.01-60重量%,优选0.1-40重量%的活性物质浓度。
施用可以在播种之前或期间进行。式(I)化合物及其组合物分别在植物繁殖材料,尤其是种子上的施用或处理方法包括繁殖材料的拌种、包衣、造粒、撒粉、浸泡和犁沟内施用方法。优选通过不诱发萌发的方法,例如通过拌种、造粒、包衣和撒粉将式(I)化合物或其组合物分别施用于植物繁殖材料上。
当用于植物保护中时,活性物质的施用量取决于所需效果的种类为0.001-2kg/ha,优选0.005-2kg/ha,更优选0.05-0.9kg/ha,尤其是0.1-0.75kg/ha。
在植物繁殖材料如种子例如通过撒粉、包衣或浸透种子的处理中,通常要求活性物质的量为0.1-1000g/100kg,优选1-1000g/100kg,更优选1-100g/100kg,最优选5-100g/100kg植物繁殖材料(优选种子)。
当用于保护材料或储存产品中时,活性物质的施用量取决于施用区域的种类和所需效果。在材料保护中常用的施用量为0.001g-2kg,优选0.005g-1kg活性物质/立方米被处理材料。
可以向活性物质或包含它们的组合物中作为预混物加入或者合适的话在紧临使用前加入(桶混合)各种类型的油、润湿剂、辅助剂、肥料或微营养素和其他农药(例如除草剂、杀虫剂、杀真菌剂、生长调节剂、安全剂)。这些试剂可以以1:100-100:1,优选1:10-10:1的重量比与根据本发明的组合物混合。
用户通常将根据本发明的组合物用于前剂量装置、小背包喷雾器、喷雾罐、喷雾飞机或灌溉系统。通常将该农业化学组合物用水、缓冲剂和/或其他助剂配制至所需施用浓度,从而得到本发明即用喷雾液或农业化学组合物。每公顷农业利用区通常施用20-2000升,优选50-400升即用喷雾液。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,用户可以自己在喷雾罐中混合根据本发明的组合物的各组分,例如成套包装的各部分或二元或三元混合物的各部分并且合适的话可以加入其他助剂。
在另一实施方案中,用户可以在喷雾罐中混合根据本发明的组合物的各组分或部分预混的组分,例如包含式(I)化合物和/或选自M.1)-M.26,包括M-X或F.I-F.XII组的额外活性物质的组分,并且合适的话可以加入其他助剂和添加剂。
在另一实施方案中,可以联合(例如在桶混合之后)或依次使用根据本发明的组合物的各组分或部分预混的组分,例如包含式(I)化合物和/或选自M.1-M.26,包括M-X或F.I-F.XII组的活性物质的组分。
混合物
根据the Mode of Action Classification of the Insecticide ResistanceAction Committee(IRAC)分类和编号的根据本发明的化合物可以与其一起使用并且可能与其产生潜在的协同增效效果的农药的下列列举M用来说明可能的组合,而不施加任何限制:
M.1选自如下的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制剂:
M.1A氨基甲酸酯类,例如涕灭威(aldicarb)、棉铃威(alanycarb)、虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、丁酮威(butocarboxim)、丁酮氧威(butoxycarboxim)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、苯虫威(ethiofencarb)、仲丁威(fenobucarb)、抗螨脒(formetanate)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、异丙威(isoprocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、速灭威(metolcarb)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、久效威(thiofanox)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、XMC、灭杀威(xylylcarb)和唑蚜威(triazamate);或者
M.1B有机磷酸酯类,例如高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)、谷硫磷(azinphosmethyl)、硫线磷(cadusafos)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲硫磷(chlormephos)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)、杀螟腈(cyanophos)、甲基内吸磷(demeton-S-methyl)、二嗪农(diazinon)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos/DDVP)、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、EPN、乙硫磷(ethion)、丙线磷(ethoprophos)、伐灭磷(famphur)、苯线磷(fenamiphos)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、噻唑硫磷(fosthiazate)、庚烯磷(heptenophos)、新烟碱类(imicyafos)、异丙胺磷(isofenphos)、O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸异丙酯、异唑磷(isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(malathion)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、二溴磷(naled)、氧乐果(omethoate)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、一六零五(parathion)、甲基对硫磷(parathion-methyl)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、甲拌磷(phorate)、伏杀磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、巴胺磷(propetamphos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)、哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)、喹硫磷(quinalphos)、治螟磷(sulfotep)、丁基嘧啶磷(tebupirimfos)、双硫磷(temephos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、杀虫威(tetrachlorvinphos)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(trichlorfon)和蚜灭磷(vamidothion);
M.2.GABA门控氯离子通道拮抗剂,如
M.2A环二烯有机氯化合物,例如硫丹(endosulfan)或氯丹(chlordane);或
M.2B fiproles(苯基吡唑类),例如乙虫腈(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、丁烯氟虫腈(flufiprole)、pyrafluprole和pyriprole;
M.3选自如下的钠通道调节剂:
M.3A合成除虫菊酯类,例如氟丙菊酯(acrinathrin)、丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、右旋丙烯菊酯(d-cis-trans allethrin)、右旋反式丙烯菊酯(d-trans allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)、2-环戊烯基生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrinS-cyclopentenyl)、生物苄呋菊酯(bioresmethrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、高效氟氯氰菊酯(beta-cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、精高效氯氟氰菊酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、高效反式氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、烯炔菊酯(empenthrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、溴氟醚菊酯(halfenprox)、heptafluthrin、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、氯氟醚菊酯(meperfluthrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、momfluorothrin、氯菊酯(permethrin)、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、除虫菊酯(pyrethrin(除虫菊(pyrethrum)))、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、四氟醚菊酯(tetramethylfluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)和四氟菊酯(transfluthrin);或
M.3B钠通道调节剂如DDT或甲氧滴滴涕(methoxychlor);
M.4选自如下的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体激动剂(nAChR):
M.4A新烟碱类,例如吡虫清(acetamiprid)、噻虫胺(chlothianidin)、环氧虫啶(cycloxaprid)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)和噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam);或化合物
M.4A.2:(2E-)-1-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基]-N'-硝基-2-亚戊基氨基胍;或
M.4A.3:1-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基]-7-甲基-8-硝基-5-丙氧基-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氢咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶;或
M.4B:烟碱(nicotine)类;
M.5选自多杀菌素类别的烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体变构活化剂,例如艾克敌105(spinosad)或乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram);
M.6选自阿维菌素和米尔倍霉素类别的氯离子通道活化剂,例如齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(emamectin benzoate)、伊维菌素(ivermectin)、lepimectin或米尔螨素(milbemectin);
M.7保幼激素模拟物,如
M.7A保幼激素类似物,如蒙512(hydroprene)、烯虫炔酯(kinoprene)和蒙五一五(methoprene);或其他如
M.7B双氧威(fenoxycarb),或
M.7C蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen);
M.8其他非特异性(多位点)抑制剂,例如
M.8A烷基卤化物如溴甲烷和其他烷基卤化物,或
M.8B氯化苦(chloropicrin),或
M.8C磺酰氟(sulfuryl fluoride),或
M.8D硼砂,或
M.8E酒石酸氧锑钾(tartar emetic);
M.9选择性同翅目昆虫进食阻断剂,例如
M.9B拒嗪酮(pymetrozine),或
M.9C氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid);
M.10螨虫生长抑制剂,例如
M.10A四螨嗪(clofentezine)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)和氟螨嗪(diflovidazin),或
M.10B特苯唑(etoxazole);
M.11昆虫中肠膜的微生物干扰剂,例如苏云金芽孢杆菌(bacillusthuringiensis)或球形芽孢杆菌(bacillus sphaericus)以及它们产生的杀虫蛋白如苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Israelensis)、球形芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(bacillus thuringiensis subsp.aizawai)、苏云金芽胞杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种(bacillus thuringiensis subsp.kurstaki)和苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种菌株(bacillus thuringiensis subsp.tenebrionis),或Bt作物蛋白:Cry1Ab,Cry1Ac,Cry1Fa,Cry2Ab,mCry3A,Cry3Ab,Cry3Bb和Cry34/35Ab1;
M.12线粒体ATP合成酶抑制剂,如
M.12A杀螨硫隆(diafenthiuron),或
M.12B有机锡杀螨剂,如三唑锡(azocyclotin)、三环锡(cyhexatin)或杀螨锡(fenbutatin oxide),或
M.12C克螨特(propargite),或
M.12D三氯杀螨砜(tetradifon);
M.13经由质子梯度干扰的氧化磷酸化去偶剂,例如氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)、二硝酚(DNOC)或氟虫胺(sulfluramid);
M.14烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)通道阻断剂,例如沙蚕毒素类似物,如杀虫磺(bensultap)、杀螟丹(cartap hydrochloride)、杀虫环(thiocyclam)或杀虫双(thiosultap sodium);
M.15类型0几丁质生物合成抑制剂如苯甲酰脲类,如双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、多氟虫酰脲(noviflumuron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)或杀虫隆(triflumuron);
M.16类型1几丁质生物合成抑制剂如噻嗪酮(buprofezin);
M.17双翅目昆虫蜕皮干扰剂,例如灭蝇胺(cyromazine);
M.18蜕皮素受体激动剂如二酰肼类,例如甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)、特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、呋喃虫酰肼(fufenozide)或环虫酰肼(chromafenozide);
M.19章鱼胺受体激动剂(Octopamin receptor agonsit),例如双甲脒(amitraz);
M.20线粒体配合物III电子传输抑制剂,例如
M.20A灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon),或
M.20B灭螨醌(acequinocyl),或
M.20C嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim);
M.21线粒体配合物I电子传输抑制剂,例如
M.21A METI杀螨剂和杀虫剂,如喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)或唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad),或
M.21B鱼藤酮(rotenone);
M.22电压依赖性钠通道阻断剂,例如
M.22A二唑虫(indoxacarb),或
M.22B氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone);或
M.22B.1:2-[2-(4-氰基苯基)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亚乙基]-N-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]氨基脲;或
M.22B.2:N-(3-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-[(4-氯苯基)[4-[甲基(甲基磺酰基)氨基]苯基]亚甲基]氨基脲;
M.23乙酰CoA羧化酶抑制剂,如季酮酸和四氨基酸(Tetramic acid)衍生物,例如螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)、螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat);
M.24线粒体配合物IV电子传输抑制剂,例如
M.24A膦类如磷化铝、磷化钙、膦或磷化锌,或
M.24B氰化物。
M.25线粒体配合物II电子传输抑制剂,如β-酮腈衍生物,例如腈吡螨酯(cyenopyrafen)或丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen);
M.28选自二酰胺类的鱼尼汀(Ryanodine)受体调节剂,例如氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide),氯虫酰胺(chlorantraniliprole)氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)或邻苯二甲酰胺化合物
M.28.1:(R)-3-氯-N1-{2-甲基-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基}-N2-(1-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺,和
M.28.2:(S)-3-氯-N1-{2-甲基-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基}-N2-(1-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺,或化合物
M.28.3:3-溴-N-{2-溴-4-氯-6-[(1-环丙基乙基)氨基甲酰基]苯基}-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(建议的ISO名:cyclaniliprole),或化合物
M.28.4:2-[3,5-二溴-2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯甲酰基]-1,2-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯;或选自M.28.5a)-M.28.5l)的化合物:
M.28.5a)N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基(sulfanylidene))氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5b)N-[4-氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-6-甲基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5c)N-[4-氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-6-甲基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5d)N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5e)N-[4,6-二氯-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-二氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5f)N-[4,6-二溴-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5g)N-[4-氯-2-[(二-2-丙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-6-氰基苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5h)N-[4,6-二溴-2-[(二乙基-λ-4-亚硫烷基)氨基甲酰基]-苯基]-2-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-5-三氟甲基吡唑-3-甲酰胺;
M.28.5i)N-[2-(5-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基)-4-氯-6-甲基苯基]-3-溴-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;
M.28.5j)3-氯-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-N-[2,4-二氯-6-[[(1-氰基-1-甲基乙基)氨基]羰基]苯基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;
M.28.5k)3-溴-N-[2,4-二氯-6-(甲基氨基甲酰基)苯基]-1-(3,5-二氯-2-吡啶基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;
M.28.5l)N-[4-氯-2-[[(1,1-二甲基乙基)氨基]羰基]]-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-3-(氟甲氧基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;
或选自如下的化合物:
M.28.6:N-(2-氰基丙-2-基)-N-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-3-碘苯-1,2-二甲酰胺;或
M.28.7:3-氯-N-(2-氰基丙-2-基)-N-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-苯-1,2-二甲酰胺;
M.28.8a)1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-[(甲基氨基)羰基]苯基]-3-[[5-(三氟甲基)-2H-四唑-2-基]甲基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;或者
M.28.8b)1-(3-氯-2-吡啶基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-[(甲基氨基)羰基]苯基]-3-[[5-(三氟甲基)-1H-四唑-1-基]甲基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺;
M.UN.未知或不确定作用模式的杀虫活性化合物,例如afidopyropen、afoxolaner、印楝素(azadirachtin)、磺胺螨酯(amidoflumet)、苯螨特(benzoximate)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、喹菌酮(chinomethionat)、冰晶石(cryolite)、三氯杀螨醇(dicofol)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim)、flometoquin、氟噻虫砜(fluensulfone)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、flupyradifurone、fluralaner、虫酮(metoxadiazone)、增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)、pyflubumide、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、pyrifluquinazon、氟啶虫胺腈(sulfoxaflor)、tioxazafen、triflumezopyrim,或化合物
M.UN.3:11-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-12-羟基-1,4-二氧杂-9-氮杂二螺[4.2.4.2]十四碳-11-烯-10-酮,或化合物
M.UN.4:3-(4'-氟-2,4-二甲基联苯-3-基)-4-羟基-8-氧杂-1-氮杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮,或化合物
M.UN.5:1-[2-氟-4-甲基-5-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亚磺酰基]苯基]-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺或基于坚强芽孢杆菌(bacillus firmus)的活性物(Votivo,I-1582);或选自M.UN.6组的化合物,其中该化合物选自M.UN.6a)至M.UN.6k):
M.UN.6a)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6b)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-氯-5-氟-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6c)(E/Z)-2,2,2-三氟-N-[1-[(6-氟-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]乙酰胺;
M.UN.6d)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-溴-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6e)(E/Z)-N-[1-[1-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)乙基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6f)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2-二氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6g)(E/Z)-2-氯-N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2-二氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6h)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(2-氯嘧啶-5-基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟乙酰胺;
M.UN.6i)(E/Z)-N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,3,3,3-五氟丙酰胺;
M.UN.6j)N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟硫代乙酰胺;或化合物
M.UN.6k)N-[1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-亚吡啶基]-2,2,2-三氟-N'-异丙基乙酰胺;或化合物
M.UN.8:8-氯-N-[2-氯-5-甲氧基苯基)磺酰基]-6-三氟甲基)-咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-2-甲酰胺;或
M.UN.9:4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4H-异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-(1-氧代硫杂丁环-3-基)苯甲酰胺;或
M.UN.10:5-[3-[2,6-二氯-4-(3,3-二氯烯丙氧基)苯氧基]丙氧基]-1H-吡唑;或选自M.UN.11组的化合物,其中该化合物选自M.UN.11a)至M.UN.11p):
M.UN.11.a)3-[苯甲酰基(甲基)氨基]-N-[2-溴-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-氟苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.b)3-(苯甲酰基甲基氨基)-N-[2-溴-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2-氟苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.c)3-(苯甲酰基甲基氨基)-2-氟-N-[2-碘-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.d)N-[3-[[[2-碘-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]羰基]苯基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.e)N-[3-[[[2-溴-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]羰基]]-2-氟苯基]-4-氟-N-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.f)4-氟-N-[2-氟-3-[[[2-碘-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]羰基]苯基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.g)3-氟-N-[2-氟-3-[[[2-碘-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]羰基]苯基]-N-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.h)2-氯-N-[3-[[[2-碘-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]-6-(三氟甲基)苯基]氨基]羰基]苯基]-3-吡啶甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.i)4-氰基-N-[2-氰基-5-[[2,6-二溴-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.j)4-氰基-3-[(4-氰基-2-甲基苯甲酰基)氨基]-N-[2,6-二氯-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]苯基]-2-氟苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.k)N-[5-[[2-氯-6-氰基-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]-2-氰基苯基]-4-氰基-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.l)N-[5-[[2-溴-6-氯-4-[2,2,2-三氟-1-羟基-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]-2-氰基苯基]-4-氰基-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.m)N-[5-[[2-溴-6-氯-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]-2-氰基苯基]-4-氰基-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.n)4-氰基-N-[2-氰基-5-[[2,6-二氯-4-[1,2,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-(三氟甲基)丙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.o)4-氰基-N-[2-氰基-5-[[2,6-二氯-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]苯基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
M.UN.11.p)N-[5-[[2-溴-6-氯-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基]氨基甲酰基]-2-氰基苯基]-4-氰基-2-甲基苯甲酰胺;
或选自M.UN.12组的化合物,其中该化合物选自M.UN.12a)至M.UN.12m):
M.UN.12.a)2-(1,3-二烷-2-基)-6-[2-(3-吡啶基)-5-噻唑基]吡啶;
M.UN.12.b)2-[6-[2-(5-氟-3-吡啶基)-5-噻唑基]-2-吡啶基]嘧啶;
M.UN.12.c)2-[6-[2-(3-吡啶基)-5-噻唑基]-2-吡啶基]嘧啶;
M.UN.12.d)N-甲基磺酰基-6-[2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-甲酰胺
M.UN.12.e)N-甲基磺酰基-6-[2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-甲酰胺
M.UN.12.f)N-乙基-N-[4-甲基-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.g)N-甲基-N-[4-甲基-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.h)N,2-二甲基-N-[4-甲基-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.i)N-乙基-2-甲基-N-[4-甲基-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.j)N-[4-氯-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-N-乙基-2-甲基-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.k)N-[4-氯-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-N,2-二甲基-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.l)N-[4-氯-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-N-甲基-3-甲硫基丙酰胺
M.UN.12.m)N-[4-氯-2-(3-吡啶基)噻唑-5-基]-N-乙基-3-甲硫基丙酰胺;或化合物
M.UN.13:2-(4-甲氧亚氨基环己基)-2-(3,3,3-三氟丙基磺酰基)乙腈;或化合物
M.UN.14a)1-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氢-5-甲氧基-7-甲基-8-硝基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶;或
M.UN.14b)1-[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基]-7-甲基-8-硝基-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氢咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶-5-醇;或化合物
M.UN.15:1-[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基]-3-(3,5-二氯苯基)-9-甲基-4-氧代-4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-1--2-醇盐。
上面所列M组市售化合物尤其可以在The Pesticide Manual,第15版,C.D.S.Tomlin,British Crop Protection Council(2011)中找到。
新烟碱类环氧虫啶(cycloxaprid)由WO 20120/069266和WO 2011/06946已知,新烟碱类化合物M.4A.2—有时也称为戊吡虫胍(Guadipyr)—由WO 2013/003977已知且新烟碱类化合物M.4A.3.(在中国被批准为哌虫啶)由WO 2010/069266已知。氰氟虫胺类似物M.22B.1描述于CN 10171577中且类似物M.22B.2描述于CN102126994中。邻苯二甲酰胺类M.28.1和M.28.2均由WO 2007/101540已知。邻氨基苯甲酰胺M.28.3描述于WO 2005/077943中。酰肼化合物M.28.4描述于WO 2007/043677中。邻氨基苯甲酰胺M.28.5a)-M.28.5h)可以如WO 2007/006670、WO 2013/024009和WO 2013/024010所述制备,邻氨基苯甲酰胺化合物M.28.5i)描述于WO 2011/085575中,化合物M.28.5j)描述于WO 2008/134969中,化合物M.28.5k)描述于US2011/046186中且化合物M.28.5l)描述于WO 2012/034403中。二酰胺化合物M.28.6和M.28.7可以在CN102613183中找到。邻氨基苯甲酰胺化合物M.28.8a)和M.28.8b)由WO 2010/069502已知。
喹啉衍生物flometoquin示于WO 2006/013896中。氨基呋喃酮化合物flupyradifurone由WO 2007/115644已知。亚砜亚胺化合物氟啶虫胺腈由WO 2007/149134已知。合成除虫菊酯类组中的momfluorothrin由US6908945已知且heptafluthrin由WO10133098已知。二唑啉酮类化合物虫酮可以在JP13/166707中找到。吡唑类杀螨剂pyflubumide由WO 2007/020986已知。异唑啉化合物描述于下列出版物中:fluralaner/WO 2005/085216,afoxolaner/WO 2009/002809和WO 2011/149749以及异唑啉化合物M.UN.9/WO 2013/050317。啶难平衍生物afidopyropen描述于WO 2006/129714。杀线虫剂tioxazafen公开于WO 09023721中且杀线虫剂氟吡菌酰胺公开于WO 2008126922中,包含氟吡菌酰胺的杀线虫混合物公开于WO 2010108616中。Triflumezopyrim化合物描述于WO2012/092115中。
螺酮缩醇取代环状酮烯醇衍生物M.UN.3由WO 2006/089633已知且联苯基取代螺环状酮烯醇衍生物M.UN.4由WO 2008/067911已知。三唑基苯基硫化物M.UN.5描述于WO2006/043635中且基于坚强芽孢杆菌的生物控制剂描述于WO 2009/124707中。
在M.UN.6下所列化合物M.UN.6a)至M.UN.6i)描述于WO 2012/029672中且化合物M.UN.6j)和M.UN.6k)描述于WO 2013129688中。杀线虫剂化合物M.UN.8描述于WO 2013/055584且啶虫丙醚类似物M.UN.10描述于WO 2010/060379中。羧酰胺化合物M.UN.11.a)至M.UN.11.h)可以如WO 2010/018714所述制备且羧酰胺M.UN.11i)至M.UN.11.p)描述于WO2010/127926中。吡啶基噻唑类M.UN.12.a)至M.UN.12.c)由WO 2010/006713已知,M.UN.12.c)和M.UN.12.d)由WO 2012000896已知且M.UN.12.f)至M.UN.12.m)由WO2010129497已知。丙二腈化合物M.UN.13描述于WO 2009/005110中。化合物M.UN.14a)和M.UN.14b)由WO 2007/101369已知。化合物M.UN.15可以在WO 2013/192035中找到。
根据本发明的化合物可以与其联合使用的杀真菌活性物质的下列列举F用于说明可能的组合,但不限制它们:
F.I)呼吸抑制剂
F.I-1)Qo位点的配合物III抑制剂
嗜球果伞素类:腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、甲香菌酯(coumethoxystrobin)、丁香菌酯(coumoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、pyrametostrobin、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、pyribencarb、triclopyricarb/chlorodincarb、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、2-[2-(2,5-二甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]-3-甲氧基丙烯酸甲酯和2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺;
唑烷二酮类和咪唑啉酮类:唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone);
F.I-2)配合物II抑制剂(例如羧酰胺类):
羧酰苯胺类:麦锈灵(benodanil)、苯并烯氟菌唑(benzovindiflupyr)、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isopyrazam、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、2-氨基-4-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、N-(3',4',5'-三氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(氟唑菌酰胺(fluxapyroxad))、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3,5-三甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1-甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-三氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-二氟甲基-1,5-二甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺、1,3,5-三甲基-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢化茚-4-基)吡唑-4-甲酰胺;
F.I-3)Qi位点的配合物III抑制剂:氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、amisulbrom、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[(3-乙酰氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基)氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[[3-乙酰氧基甲氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[(3-异丁氧基羰氧基-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基)氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸[(3S,6S,7R,8R)-8-苄基-3-[[3-(1,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯-5-基甲氧基)-4-甲氧基吡啶-2-羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-1,5-二氧壬-7-基]酯、2-甲基丙酸(3S,6S,7R,8R)-3-[[(3-羟基-4-甲氧基-2-吡啶基)羰基]氨基]-6-甲基-4,9-二氧代-8-(苯基甲基)-1,5-二氧壬-7-基酯;
F.I-4)其他呼吸抑制剂(配合物I,去偶剂)
二氟林(diflumetorim);(5,8-二氟喹唑啉-4-基)-{2-[2-氟-4-(4-三氟甲基吡啶-2-基氧基)苯基]乙基}胺;四氯硝基苯(tecnazen);嘧菌腙(ferimzone);ametoctradin;硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普(dinocap)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、异丙消(nitrthal-isopropyl);以及包括有机金属化合物:三苯锡基盐,例如薯瘟锡(fentin-acetate)、三苯锡氯(fentin chloride)或毒菌锡(fentin hydroxide);
F.II)甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂)
F.II-1)C14脱甲基酶抑制剂(DMI杀真菌剂,例如三唑类、咪唑类)
三唑类:戊环唑(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇M(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、1-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-5-氰硫基-1H-[1,2,4]三唑、2-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-2H-[1,2,4]三唑-3-硫醇;
咪唑类:抑霉唑(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、oxpoconazole、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole);
嘧啶类、吡啶类和哌嗪类:异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、嗪氨灵(triforine)、1-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-5-氰硫基-1H-[1,2,4]三唑、2-[rel-(2S;3R)-3-(2-氯苯基)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)环氧乙烷基甲基]-2H-[1,2,4]三唑-3-硫醇;
F.II-2)δ14-还原酶抑制剂(胺类,例如吗啉类、哌啶类)
吗啉类:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph);
哌啶类:苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉病灵(piperalin);
螺缩酮胺类:螺茂胺(spiroxamine);
F.II-3)3-酮基还原酶抑制剂:羟基酰替苯胺类:环酰菌胺(fenhexamid);
F.III)核酸合成抑制剂
F.III-1)RNA,DNA合成
苯基酰胺类或酰基氨基酸类杀真菌剂:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、kiralaxyl、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl);
异唑类和异噻唑啉酮类:土菌消(hymexazole)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone);
F.III-2)DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂:恶喹酸(oxolinic acid);
F.III-3)核苷酸代谢(例如腺苷脱氨酶)
羟基(2-氨基)嘧啶类:磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate);
F.IV)细胞分裂或细胞骨架抑制剂
F.IV-1)微管蛋白抑制剂,如苯并咪唑类和托布津类(thiophanate):苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl);三唑并嘧啶类:5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶;
F.IV-2)其他细胞分裂抑制剂
苯甲酰胺类和苯基乙酰胺类:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);
F.IV-3)肌动蛋白抑制剂:二苯甲酮类:苯菌酮(metrafenone)、pyriofenone;
F.V)氨基酸和蛋白质合成抑制剂
F.V-1)蛋氨酸合成抑制剂(苯胺基嘧啶类)
苯胺基嘧啶类:环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氯定(nitrapyrin)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);
F.V-2)蛋白质合成抑制剂(苯胺基嘧啶类)
抗生素类:灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、水合春雷素(kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、链霉素(streptomycin)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);
F.VI)信号转导抑制剂
F.VI-1)MAP/组氨酸蛋白激酶抑制剂(例如苯胺基嘧啶类)
二羧酰亚胺类:氟菌安(fluoroimid)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin);
苯基吡咯类:拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、氟菌(fludioxonil);
F.VI-2)G蛋白抑制剂:喹啉类:喹氧灵(quinoxyfen);
F.VII)类脂和膜合成抑制剂
F.VII-1)磷脂生物合成抑制剂
有机磷化合物:克瘟散(edifenphos)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos);
二硫戊环类:稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane);
F.VII-2)类脂过氧化
芳族烃类:氯硝胺(dicloran)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、联苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯唑灵(etridiazole);
F.VII-3)羧酸酰胺(CAA杀真菌剂)
肉桂酸或扁桃酸酰胺:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、丁吡吗啉(pyrimorph);
缬氨酰胺氨基甲酸酯类:苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、pyribencarb、valifenalate和N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
F.VII-4)影响细胞膜渗透性的化合物和脂肪酸:
1-[4-[4-[5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-3-异唑基]-2-噻唑基]-1-哌啶基]-2-[5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮,氨基甲酸酯类:百维灵(propamocarb)、霜霉威盐酸盐(propamocarb-hydrochlorid);
F.VII-5)脂肪酸酰胺水解酶抑制剂:1-[4-[4-[5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-3-异唑基]-2-噻唑基]-1-哌啶基]-2-[5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮;
F.VIII)具有多位点作用的抑制剂
F.VIII-1)无机活性物质:波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copper oxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫;
F.VIII-2)硫代-和二硫代氨基甲酸酯类:福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、威百亩(metam)、磺菌威(methasulphocarb)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);
F.VIII-3)有机氯化合物(例如邻苯二甲酰亚胺类、硫酰胺类、氯代腈类):敌菌灵(anilazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、灭菌丹(folpet)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorphenole)及其盐、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基苯磺酰胺;
F.VIII-4)胍类及其他:胍、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛胺(guazatine-acetate)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadine-tris(albesilate))、2,6-二甲基-1H,5H-[1,4]二噻二烯并[2,3-c:5,6-c']联吡咯-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-四酮;
F.VIII-5)蒽醌类:二噻农(dithianon);
F.IX)细胞壁合成抑制剂
F.IX-1)葡聚糖合成抑制剂:井冈霉素(validamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin B);
F.IX-2)黑素合成抑制剂:咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamide)、双氯氰菌胺(dicyclomet)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil);
F.X)植物防御诱发剂
F.X-1)水杨酸途径:噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl);
F.X-2)其他:噻菌灵(probenazole)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium);
膦酸酯类:藻菌磷(fosetyl)、乙磷铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、亚磷酸及其盐;
F.XI)未知作用模式:
拌棉醇(bronopol)、灭螨蜢(chinomethionat)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸酯(difenzoquat-methylsulfate)、二苯胺、胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、磺菌胺、flutianil、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、氯定(nitrapyrin)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、oxathiapiprolin、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、tebufloquin、叶枯酞、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N-(环丙基甲氧亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟苯基)甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N'-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基)酰胺、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基酰胺、甲氧基乙酸6-叔丁基-8-氟-2,3-二甲基喹啉-4-基酯、N-甲基-2-{1-[(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基]-4-噻唑甲酰胺、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、啶菌恶唑(pyrisoxazole)、5-氨基-2-异丙基-3-氧代-4-邻甲苯基-2,3-二氢吡唑-1-硫代甲酸S-烯丙基酯、N-(6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、5-氯-1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑、2-(4-氯苯基)-N-[4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)异唑-5-基]-2-丙-2-炔基氧基乙酰胺;
F.XI)生长调节剂
脱落酸(abscisic acid)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、6-苄基氨基嘌呤、油菜素内酯(brassinolide)、地乐胺(butralin)、矮壮素阳离子(chlormequat)(氯化矮壮素(chlormequat chloride))、氯化胆碱(choline chloride)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、丁酰肼(daminozide)、敌草克(dikegulac)、噻节因(dimethipin)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(2,6-dimethylpuridine)、乙烯利(ethephon)、氟节胺(flumetralin)、调嘧醇(flurprimidol)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、调吡脲(forchlorfenuron)、赤霉酸(gibberellicacid)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、吲哚-3-乙酸、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、助壮素(mepiquat)(氯化助壮素(mepiquat chloride))、萘乙酸、N-6-苄基腺嘌呤、多效唑、调环酸(prohexadione)(调环酸钙)、茉莉酸诱导体(prohydrojasmon)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、抑芽唑(triapenthenol)、三硫代磷酸三丁酯、2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)和烯效唑;
F.XII)生物控制剂
白粉寄生孢(Ampelomyces quisqualis)(例如来自德国Intrachem Bio GmbH&Co.KG的AQ),黄曲霉(Aspergillus flavus)(例如来自瑞士Syngenta的),出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium pullulans)(例如来自德国bio-fermGmbH的),短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)(例如以和Plus来自AgraQuest Inc.,USA的NRRL Accession No.B-30087),枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)(例如以MAX和ASO来自AgraQuest Inc.,USA的分离物NRRL Nr.B-21661),解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis var.amyloliquefaciens)FZB24(例如来自NovozymeBiologicals,Inc.,USA的),橄榄假丝酵母(Candida oleophila)I-82(例如来自Ecogen Inc.,USA的),Candida saitoana(例如来自Micro Flo Company,USA(BASF SE)和Arysta的(呈与溶菌酶的混合物)和),脱乙酰壳多糖(例如来自新西兰BotriZen Ltd.的ARMOUR-ZEN),Clonostachys roseaf.catenulata,也称为链孢粘帚菌(Gliocladium catenulatum)(例如分离物J1446:来自芬兰Verdera的),盾壳霉(Coniothyrium minitans)(例如来自德国Prophyta的),寄生隐丛赤壳菌(Cryphonectria parasitica)(例如来自法国CNICM的栗疫菌(Endothia parasitica)),白色隐球菌(Cryptococcus albidus)(例如来自南非Anchor Bio-Technologies的YIELD),尖镰孢(Fusarium oxysporum)(例如来自意大利S.I.A.P.A.的来自法国Natural Plant Protection的),核果梅奇酵母(Metschnikowia fructicola)(例如来自以色列Agrogreen的),Microdochium dimerum(例如来自法国Agrauxine的),Phlebiopsis gigantea(例如来自芬兰Verdera的),Pseudozyma flocculosa(例如来自加拿大Plant Products Co.Ltd.的),寡雄腐霉(Pythiumoligandrum)DV74(例如来自捷克共和国Remeslo SSRO,Biopreparaty的),Reynoutria sachlinensis(例如来自Marrone BioInnovations,USA的),黄蓝状菌(Talaromyces flavus)V117b(例如来自德国Prophyta的),棘孢木霉(Trichoderma asperellum)SKT-1(例如来自日本KumiaiChemical Industry Co.,Ltd.的),深绿木霉(T.atroviride)LC52(例如来自新西兰Agrimm Technologies Ltd的),哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)T-22(例如来自Firma BioWorks Inc.,USA的),哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)TH 35(例如来自以色列Mycontrol Ltd.的ROOT),哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)T-39(例如来自以色列Mycontrol Ltd.和以色列Makhteshim Ltd.的和TRICHODERMA),哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)和绿色木霉(T.viride)(例如来自新西兰Agrimm Technologies Ltd的TRICHOPEL),哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)ICC012和绿色木霉(T.viride)ICC080(例如来自意大利Isagro Ricerca的WP),多孔木霉(T.polysporum)和哈茨木霉(T.harzianum)(例如来自瑞典BINAB Bio-Innovation AB的),钩木霉(T.stromaticum)(例如来自巴西C.E.P.L.A.C.的),绿木霉(T.virens)GL-21(例如来自Certis LLC,USA的),绿色木霉(T.viride)(例如来自印度Ecosense Labs.(印度)Pvt.Ltd.的来自印度T.Stanes&Co.Ltd.的F),绿色木霉(T.viride)TV1(例如来自意大利Agribiotec srl的绿色木霉(T.viride)TV1),奥德曼细基格孢(Ulocladium oudemansii)HRU3(例如来自新西兰Botry-Zen Ltd的)。
可以通过本领域已知的任何施用方法使动物害虫,即昆虫、蜘蛛和线虫,植物、其中植物生长的土壤或水体与本发明式(I)化合物或含有它们的组合物接触。这里的“接触”包括直接接触(将化合物/组合物直接施用于动物害虫或植物上,通常施用于植物的叶面、茎或根)和间接接触(将化合物/组合物施用于动物害虫或植物的场所)二者。
式(I)化合物或包含它们的农药组合物可以通过使植物/作物与杀害虫有效量的式(I)化合物接触而用于保护生长的植物和作物以防动物害虫,尤其是昆虫、螨科或蜘蛛侵袭或侵染。术语“作物”指生长和收获的作物二者。
本发明化合物和包含它们的组合物对于在各种栽培植物如禾谷类、根系作物、油料作物、蔬菜、香料、观赏植物,例如硬粒小麦和其他小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦、玉米(青饲玉米和甜玉蜀黍/甜玉米以及大田玉米)、大豆、油料作物、十字花科植物、棉花、向日葵、香蕉、稻、油籽油菜、芜菁油菜、糖用甜菜、饲料甜菜、茄子、土豆、禾草、草坪、草皮、牧草、西红柿、韭葱、南瓜/笋瓜、卷心菜、刺茎莴苣、胡椒、黄瓜、甜瓜、芸苔属(Brassica)、甜瓜、菜豆、豌豆、大蒜、洋葱、胡萝卜、块茎植物如土豆、甘蔗、烟草、葡萄、矮牵牛、天竺葵/香叶天竺葵、三色堇和凤仙花的种子中防治大量昆虫特别重要。
本发明化合物通过用杀虫有效量的式(I)化合物处理昆虫或待防止昆虫侵袭的植物、植物繁殖材料如种子、土壤、表面、材料或空间而直接或以组合物形式使用。施用可以在植物、植物繁殖材料如种子、土壤、表面、材料或空间被昆虫侵染之前和之后进行。
本发明还包括一种防治动物害虫的方法,包括使动物害虫、其栖息地、繁殖地、食物供应源、栽培植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或其中动物害虫生长或可能生长的环境或要防治动物侵袭或侵染的材料、植物、种子、土壤、表面或空间与杀害虫有效量的至少一种式(I)化合物的混合物接触。
此外,动物害虫可以通过使目标害虫、其食物供应源、栖息地、繁殖地或其场所与杀害虫有效量的式(I)化合物接触而防治。这里的施用可以在场所、生长作物或收获作物被害虫侵染之前或之后进行。
本发明化合物还可以预防性地施用于预期出现害虫的地方。
式(I)化合物还可以通过使植物与杀害虫有效量的式(I)化合物接触而用于保护生长的植物以防害虫侵袭或侵染。这里的“接触”包括直接接触(将化合物/组合物直接施用于害虫和/或植物上,通常施用于植物的叶面、茎或根)和间接接触(将化合物/组合物施用于害虫和/或植物的场所)二者。
“场所”是指栖息地、繁殖地、植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或其中害虫或寄生虫生长或可能生长的环境。
术语“植物繁殖材料”应理解为表示植物的所有繁殖部分如种子,以及可以用于繁殖植物的无性植物材料如插条和块茎(例如土豆)。这包括种子、根、果实、块茎、球茎、地下茎、嫩枝、芽和其他植物部分。还可包括在萌发后或出苗后由土壤移植的秧苗和幼苗。这些植物繁殖材料可以在种植或移栽之时或之前用植物保护化合物预防性处理。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为包括已经通过育种、诱变或基因工程修饰的植物。基因修饰植物是其基因材料通过使用在自然条件下不易通过杂交、突变或自然重组得到的重组DNA技术修饰的植物。通常将一个或多个基因整合到基因修饰植物的基因材料中以改善植物的某些性能。这类基因修饰还包括但不限于蛋白质(寡肽或多肽)的靶向翻译后修饰,例如通过糖基化或聚合物加成如异戊二烯化、乙酰化或法呢基化结构部分或PEG结构部分(例如如Biotechnol Prog.2001年7月至8月;17(4):720-8,Protein Eng Des Sel.2004年1月;17(1):57-66,Nat Protoc.2007;2(5):1225-35,Curr Opin Chem Biol.2006年10月;10(5):487-91,2006年8月28日Epub,Biomaterials.2001年3月;22(5):405-17,BioconjugChem.2005年1-2月;16(1):113-21所公开)。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括例如已经因常规育种或基因工程方法而耐受特殊类别的除草剂施用的植物,例如羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)抑制剂;乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)抑制剂如磺酰脲类(例如见US 6,222,100、WO 01/82685、WO 00/26390、WO 97/41218、WO 98/02526、WO 98/02527、WO 04/106529、WO 05/20673、WO 03/14357、WO 03/13225、WO 03/14356、WO 04/16073)或咪唑啉酮类(例如见US 6,222,100、WO 01/82685、WO00/026390、WO 97/41218、WO 98/02526、WO 98/02527、WO 04/106529、WO 05/20673、WO 03/14357、WO 03/13225、WO 03/14356、WO 04/16073);烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸3-磷酸合成酶(EPSPS)抑制剂如草甘膦(glyphosate)(例如见WO 92/00377);谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)抑制剂如草铵膦(glufosinate)(例如见EP-A-0242236、EP-A-242246)或oxynil除草剂(例如见US5,559,024)。几种栽培植物已经通过常规育种(诱变)方法而耐受除草剂,例如夏播油菜(Canola)耐受咪唑啉酮类如咪草啶酸(imazamox)。基因工程方法已经用于使栽培植物如大豆、棉花、玉米、甜菜和油菜耐受除草剂如草甘膦和草铵膦,它们中的一些可以以商标名(耐受草甘膦)和(耐受草铵膦)市购。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种杀虫蛋白的植物,该蛋白尤其是由芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)细菌已知的那些,特别是由苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)已知的那些,例如a-内毒素如CryIA(b)、CryIA(c)、CryIF、CryIF(a2)、CryIIA(b)、CryIIIA、CryIIIB(b1)或Cry9c;无性杀虫蛋白(VIP)如VIP1、VIP2、VIP3或VIP3A;线虫定居细菌的杀虫蛋白如发光杆菌属(Photorhabdus)或致病杆菌属(Xenorhabdus);动物产生的毒素如蝎毒素、蜘蛛毒素、黄蜂毒素或其他昆虫特异性神经毒素;真菌产生的毒素如链霉菌属(Streptomycetes)毒素,植物凝集素如豌豆或大麦凝集素;凝集素;蛋白酶抑制剂如胰蛋白酶抑制剂、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、patatin、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂或木瓜蛋白酶抑制剂;核糖体失活蛋白(RIP)如蓖麻蛋白、玉米-RIP、相思豆毒蛋白、丝瓜籽蛋白、皂草素或异株腹泻毒蛋白(bryodin);类固醇代谢酶如3-羟基类固醇氧化酶、蜕皮甾类-IDP糖基转移酶、胆固醇氧化酶、蜕皮激素抑制剂或HMG-CoA还原酶;离子通道阻断剂如钠通道或钙通道阻断剂;保幼激素酯酶;利尿激素受体(helicokinin受体);合成酶,联苄合成酶,壳多糖酶或葡聚糖酶。就本发明而言,这些杀虫蛋白或毒素还具体理解为前毒素、杂合蛋白、截短的或其他方面改性的蛋白。杂合蛋白的特征在于蛋白域的新型组合(例如见WO 02/015701)。该类毒素或能够合成该类毒素的基因修饰植物的其他实例公开于例如EP-A 374 753、WO 93/007278、WO 95/34656、EP-A 427 529、EP-A 451 878、WO 03/018810和WO 03/052073中。生产该类基因修饰植物的方法对本领域熟练技术人员通常是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。这些含于基因修饰植物中的杀虫蛋白赋予产生这些蛋白的植物以对某些分类学上为节肢动物昆虫的害虫,尤其是甲虫(鞘翅目(Coleoptera))、蝇(双翅目(Diptera))、蝴蝶和蛾(鳞翅目(Lepidoptera))以及植物寄生线虫(线虫纲(Nematoda))的耐受性。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种蛋白以增加其对细菌、病毒或真菌病原体的抗性或耐受性的植物。这类蛋白的实例是所谓的“与发病机理相关的蛋白”(PR蛋白,例如见EP-A 0 392 225),植物病害抗性基因(例如表达针对来自野生墨西哥土豆Solanum bulbocastanum的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)的抗性基因的土豆栽培品种)或T4溶菌酶(例如能够合成对细菌如Erwinia amylvora 具有增强抗性的这些蛋白的土豆栽培品种)。生产该类基因修饰植物的方法对本领域熟练技术人员通常是已知的且例如描述于上述出版物中。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而能够合成一种或多种蛋白以提高产量(例如生物质产量、谷粒产量、淀粉含量、油含量或蛋白含量),对干旱、盐或其他限制生长的环境因素的耐受性或对害虫以及真菌、细菌或其病毒病原体的耐受性的植物。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善人类或动物营养的植物,例如产生促进健康的长链ω-3脂肪酸或不饱和ω-9脂肪酸的油料作物(例如油菜)。
术语“栽培植物”应理解为还包括通过使用重组DNA技术而含有改变量的物质含量或新物质含量以尤其改善原料生产的植物,例如产生增加量的支链淀粉的土豆(例如土豆)。
通常而言,“杀害虫有效量”是指对生长获得可观察到的效果所需的活性成分(这里为式(I)化合物)的量,所述效果包括坏死、死亡、阻滞、预防和去除效果,破坏效果或减少目标生物体的出现和活动的效果。对于在本发明中使用的各种化合物/组合物,杀害虫有效量可以变化。组合物的杀害虫有效量也会根据主要条件如所需杀害虫效果及持续时间、气候、目标物种、场所、施用方式等而变化。
在土壤处理或施用于害虫居住地或巢穴的情况下,活性成分量为0.0001-500g/100m2,优选0.001-20g/100m2。
在材料保护中的常规施用率例如为0.01-1000g活性成分/m2被处理材料,理想的是0.1-50g/m2。
用于材料浸渍中的杀虫组合物通常含有0.001-95重量%,优选0.1-45重量%,更优选1-25重量%至少一种驱避剂和/或杀虫剂。
为了用于处理农作物,本发明活性成分的施用率可以为0.1-4000g/ha,理想的是25-600g/ha,更理想的是50-500g/ha。
式(I)化合物通过接触(经由土壤、玻璃、墙壁、床网、地毯、植物部分或动物部分)和摄取(诱饵或植物部分)二者而有效。
本发明化合物还可以用于对抗非作物昆虫害虫,如蚂蚁、白蚁、黄蜂、蝇、蚊、蟋蟀或蟑螂。为了用于对抗所述非作物害虫,式(I)化合物优选用于诱饵组合物中。
诱饵可以是液体、固体或半固体制剂(例如凝胶)。固体诱饵可以制成各种适合相应用途的形状和形式,如颗粒、块、棒、片。液体诱饵可以填充到各种装置中以确保适当施用,例如敞开容器、喷雾装置、液滴供应源或蒸发源。凝胶可以基于含水基质或油性基质且可以按照粘性、水分保留或老化特性根据特定要求配制。
用于组合物中的诱饵是具有足够的吸引力以刺激诸如蚂蚁、白蚁、黄蜂、蝇、蚊、蟋蟀等的昆虫或蟑螂食用它的产品。吸引力可以通过使用进食刺激剂或性信息素控制。食物刺激剂例如并不穷举地选自动物和/或植物蛋白质(肉-、鱼-或血液膳食,昆虫部分、蛋黄)、动物和/或植物来源的脂肪和油或单-、低聚-或聚有机糖类,尤其是蔗糖、乳糖、果糖、右旋糖、葡萄糖、淀粉、果胶或甚至糖蜜或蜂蜜。水果、作物、植物、动物、昆虫的新鲜或腐败部分或其特定部分也可以用作进食刺激剂。已知性信息素更具昆虫特异性。特殊信息素描述于文献中并且对本领域熟练技术人员是已知的。
为了用于诱饵组合物中,活性成分的典型含量为0.001-15重量%,理想的是0.001-5重量%活性成分。
式(I)化合物的配制剂如气雾剂(例如在喷雾罐中)、油喷雾剂或泵喷雾剂高度适于非专业使用者来防治害虫如蝇、跳蚤、蜱、蚊或蟑螂。气雾剂配方优选包含:活性成分;溶剂如低级醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇),酮类(例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮),沸程为约50-250℃的链烷烃(例如煤油),二甲基甲酰胺,N-甲基吡咯烷酮,二甲亚砜,芳族烃类如甲苯、二甲苯,水;此外还有助剂,例如乳化剂如山梨糖醇单油酸酯、具有3-7mol氧化乙烯的油基乙氧基化物、脂肪醇乙氧基化物,芳香油如精油,中等脂肪酸与低级醇的酯,芳族羰基化合物;合适的话还有稳定剂如苯甲酸钠,两性表面活性剂,低级环氧化物,原甲酸三乙酯和需要的话推进剂如丙烷、丁烷、氮气、压缩空气、二甲醚、二氧化碳、氧化亚氮或这些气体的混合物。
油喷雾配制剂与气雾剂配方的不同在于没有使用推进剂。
对于在喷雾组合物中的使用,活性成分含量为0.001-80重量%,优选0.01-50重量%,最优选0.01-15重量%。
式(I)化合物及其相应的组合物还可以用于蚊香片和熏蒸片,发烟盒、蒸发器板或长效蒸发器以及扑蛾纸、扑蛾垫或其他与热无关的蒸发器体系中。
用式(I)化合物及其相应组合物控制由昆虫传递的传染性疾病(例如疟疾、登革热和黄热病,淋巴丝虫病以及利什曼病)的方法也包括处理棚屋和房子的表面、空气喷雾和浸渍窗帘、帐篷、衣物、床品、采采蝇网等。施用于纤维、织物、编织物、无纺织物、网状材料或箔以及篷布上的杀虫组合物优选包含包括杀虫剂、任选的驱除剂和至少一种粘合剂的混合物。合适的驱除剂例如为N,N-二乙基-间甲苯甲酰胺(DEET),N,N-二乙基苯基乙酰胺(DEPA),1-(3-环己烷-1-基羰基)-2-甲基哌啶,(2-羟基甲基环己基)乙酸内酯,2-乙基-1,3-己二醇,避虫酮,甲基新癸酰胺(MNDA),不用于昆虫防治的拟除虫菊酯如{(+/-)-3-烯丙基-2-甲基-4-氧代环戊-2-(+)-烯基-(+)-反式-菊酸酯(Esbiothrin),衍生于植物提取物或与植物提取物相同的驱除剂如1,8-萜二烯、丁子香酚、(+)-Eucamalol(1)、(-)-1-表-eucamalol,或来自诸如花皮桉(Eucalyptus maculata)、蔓荆(Vitex rotundifolia)、Cymbopogan martinii、香茅(Cymbopogan citratus)(柠檬草)、亚香茅(Cymopogannartdus(香茅))的植物的粗植物提取物。合适的粘合剂例如选自如下单体的聚合物和共聚物:脂族酸的乙烯基酯(如乙酸乙烯酯和支链烷烃羧酸乙烯基酯),醇的丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸酯,如丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯和丙烯酸甲酯,单烯属和二烯属不饱和烃,如苯乙烯,以及脂族二烯烃,如丁二烯。
窗帘和床品的浸渍通常通过将纺织材料浸入杀虫剂的乳液或分散体中或将它们喷雾于床品上而进行。
式(I)化合物及其组合物可以用于保护木质材料如树木、护栏、枕木等,以及建筑物如房子、附属建筑、工厂,还有建筑材料、家具、皮革、纤维、乙烯基制品、电线和电缆等以防蚂蚁和/或白蚁,并防止蚂蚁和白蚁损害作物或人类(例如当害虫侵入房子和公共设施时)。式I化合物不仅施用于周围的土壤表面或地板下的土壤中以保护木质材料,而且还可以施用于堆积制品如地板下混凝土、亭柱、梁、胶合板、家具等的表面,木质制品如碎料板、半包板(half board)等以及乙烯基制品如包覆的电线、乙烯基片材,绝热材料如苯乙烯泡沫等。在防止蚂蚁损害作物或人类的施用中,将本发明蚂蚁防治剂施用于作物或周围土壤,或直接施用于蚂蚁的巢穴等。
式(I)化合物还适合处理种子以保护种子免受昆虫害虫,尤其是土壤昆虫害虫侵袭并保护所得植物根和芽以防土壤害虫和叶面昆虫。
式(I)化合物尤其可以用于保护种子以防土壤害虫并保护所得植物的根和芽以防土壤害虫和叶面昆虫。优选保护植物的根和芽。更优选保护所得植物的芽以防刺吸式口器昆虫,其中最优选防止蚜虫。
本发明因此包括一种保护种子以防昆虫,尤其是土壤昆虫并保护秧苗的根和芽以防昆虫,尤其是土壤和叶面昆虫的方法,所述方法包括使种子在播种之前和/或预萌发之后与通式(I)的化合物或其盐接触。特别优选其中保护植物的根和芽的方法,更优选其中保护植物芽以防刺吸式口器昆虫的方法,最优选其中保护植物芽以防蚜虫的方法。
术语种子包括所有种类的种子和植物繁殖体,包括但不限于真正的种子、种子切片(seed piece)、吸枝、球茎、鳞茎、果实、块茎、谷粒、插条、伐条(cut shoot)等,并且在优选实施方案中指真正的种子。
术语种子处理包括所有本领域已知的合适种子处理技术,如拌种、种子涂敷、种子撒粉、种子浸泡和种子压丸。
本发明还包括涂有或含有式(I)化合物的种子。术语“涂有和/或含有”通常是指活性成分在施用时绝大部分处于繁殖产品的表面上,但更大或更小部分的成分可能渗入繁殖产品中,这取决于施用方法。当(再)种植所述繁殖产品时,它可能吸收活性成分。
合适的种子为各种禾谷类、根系作物、油料作物、蔬菜、香料、观赏植物的种子,例如硬粒小麦和其他小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦、玉米(青饲玉米和甜玉蜀黍/甜玉米以及大田玉米)、大豆、油料作物、十字花科植物、棉花、向日葵、香蕉、稻、油籽油菜、芜菁油菜、糖用甜菜、饲料甜菜、茄子、土豆、禾草、草坪、草皮、牧草、西红柿、韭葱、南瓜/笋瓜、卷心菜、刺茎莴苣、胡椒、黄瓜、甜瓜、芸苔属(Brassica)、甜瓜、菜豆、豌豆、大蒜、洋葱、胡萝卜、块茎植物如土豆、甘蔗、烟草、葡萄、矮牵牛、天竺葵/香叶天竺葵、三色堇和凤仙花。
此外,式(I)化合物还可以用于处理由于包括基因工程方法在内的育种而耐受除草剂或杀真菌剂或杀虫剂作用的植物的种子。
例如,式(I)化合物可以用于处理耐受选自磺酰脲类、咪唑啉酮类、草铵膦(glufosinate-ammonium)或草甘膦异丙胺盐(glyphosate-isopropylammonium)和类似活性物质的除草剂的植物(例如参见EP-A-0242236,EP-A-242246)(WO 92/00377)(EP-A-0257993,美国专利5,013,659)或转基因农作物如棉花的种子,后者能够产生苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素(Bt毒素)以使植物耐受某些害虫(EP-A-0142924,EP-A-0193259)。
此外,式(I)化合物还可以用于处理与现有植物相比具有修饰特性的植物的种子,它们例如可能通过传统育种方法和/或突变体产生或通过重组程序而产生。例如,已经描述了许多为修饰植物中合成的淀粉而重组修饰农作物的情形(例如WO 92/11376,WO 92/14827,WO 91/19806),或具有修饰的脂肪酸组成的转基因植物(WO 91/13972)。
式(I)化合物的种子处理施用通过在播种植物之前和植物出苗之前对种子喷雾或撒粉而进行。
尤其可用于种子处理的组合物例如为:
A可溶性浓缩物(SL、LS)
D乳液(EW、EO、ES)
E悬浮液(SC、OD、FS)
F水分散性颗粒和水溶性颗粒(WG、SG)
G水分散性粉末和水溶性粉末(WP、SP、WS)
H凝胶配制剂(GF)
I可撒粉粉末(DP、DS)
常规种子处理配制剂例如包括可流动浓缩物FS、溶液LS、干处理用粉末DS、淤浆处理用水分散性粉末WS、水溶性粉末SS、乳液ES和EC以及凝胶配制剂GF。这些配制剂可以经稀释或不经稀释而施用于种子上。对种子的施用在播种之前进行,直接施用于种子上或在种子已经预萌发之后施用。
在优选实施方案中,将FS配制剂用于种子处理。FS配制剂通常可包含1-800g/l活性成分,1-200g/l表面活性剂,0-200g/l防冻剂,0-400g/l粘合剂,0-200g/l颜料和达到1升的溶剂,优选水。
用于种子处理的式(I)化合物的尤其优选FS配制剂通常包含0.1-80重量%(1-800g/l)活性成分,0.1-20重量%(1-200g/l)至少一种表面活性剂,例如0.05-5重量%润湿剂和0.5-15重量%分散剂,至多20重量%,例如5-20%防冻剂,0-15重量%,例如1-15重量%颜料和/或染料,0-40重量%,例如1-40重量%粘合剂(粘结剂/粘附剂),任选至多5重量%,例如0.1-5重量%增稠剂,任选0.1-2%消泡剂和任选防腐剂如生物杀伤剂、抗氧化剂等,例如其量为0.01-1重量%,以及达到100重量%的填料/载体。
种子处理配制剂还可额外包含粘合剂和任选包含着色剂。
可以加入粘合剂以改进处理之后活性物质在种子上的粘附。合适的粘合剂是氧化烯如氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯的均聚物和共聚物,聚乙酸乙烯酯,聚乙烯醇,聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮及其共聚物,乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物,丙烯酸均聚物和共聚物,聚乙烯胺,聚乙烯酰胺和聚乙烯亚胺,多糖如纤维素、纤基乙酸钠和淀粉,聚烯烃均聚物和共聚物如烯烃/马来酸酐共聚物,聚氨酯,聚酯,聚苯乙烯均聚物和共聚物。
任选还可以在配制剂中包括着色剂。对种子处理配制剂合适的着色剂或染料是若丹明B、C.I.颜料红112、C.I.溶剂红1、颜料蓝15:4、颜料蓝15:3、颜料蓝15:2、颜料蓝15:1、颜料蓝80、颜料黄1、颜料黄13、颜料红112、颜料红48:2、颜料红48:1、颜料红57:1、颜料红53:1、颜料橙43、颜料橙34、颜料橙5、颜料绿36、颜料绿7、颜料白6、颜料棕25、碱性紫10、碱性紫49、酸性红51、酸性红52、酸性红14、酸性蓝9、酸性黄23、碱性红10、碱性红108。
胶凝剂的实例是角叉菜
在种子处理中,化合物I的施用率通常为0.1g-10kg/100kg种子,优选1g-5kg/100kg种子,更优选1-1000g/100kg种子,尤其是1-200g/100kg种子。
因此,本发明还涉及包含如本文所定义的式(I)化合物或I的可农用盐的种子。化合物I或其可农用盐的量通常为0.1g-10kg/100kg种子,优选1g-5kg/100kg种子,尤其是1-1000g/100kg种子。对于特殊作物如莴苣,施用率可能更高。
式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐尤其还适合用于在动物中和动物上防除寄生虫。
因此,本发明的目的还要提供在动物中和动物上防治寄生虫的新方法。本发明的另一目的是提供对动物更安全的农药。本发明的另一目的进一步在于提供可以与现有农药相比以更低剂量使用的动物用农药。本发明的另一目的是提供对寄生虫提供长的残留防治的动物用农药。
本发明还涉及用于在动物中和动物上防除寄生虫的含有杀寄生虫有效量的式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐和可接受的载体的组合物。
本发明还提供了一种处理、防治、预防和保护动物以免受寄生虫侵染和感染的方法,包括对动物口服、局部或肠胃外给药或施用杀寄生虫有效量的式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐或包含它的组合物。
本发明还提供了一种制备用于处理、防治、预防或保护动物以防寄生虫侵袭或侵染的组合物的方法,该组合物包含杀寄生虫有效量的式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐或包含它的组合物。
化合物对抗农业害虫的活性并不意味着它们适合在动物中和动物上防治体内和体外寄生虫,后者要求例如在口服施用情况下的非催吐低剂量,与动物的代谢相容性,低毒性和安全处理。
惊人的是,现已发现式(I)化合物适合在动物中和动物上防除体内和体外寄生虫。
式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐和包含它们的组合物优选用于在包括温血动物(包括人)在内的动物和鱼中防治和预防侵袭和侵染。它们例如适于在哺乳动物如牛、绵羊、猪、骆驼、鹿、马、小猪、家禽、兔、山羊、狗和猫,水牛、驴、黇鹿和驯鹿,以及还有产皮动物如貂、丝鼠和浣熊,禽类如母鸡、鹅、火鸡和鸭以及鱼类如淡水鱼和咸水鱼如鲑鱼、鲤鱼和鳗鱼中防治和预防侵袭和侵染。
式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐和包含它们的组合物优选用于在家养动物如狗或猫中防治和预防侵袭和侵染。
在温血动物和鱼类中的侵袭包括但不限于虱、咬虱、蜱、羊鼻蝇蛆、羊蜱蝇、螯蝇、家蝇、蝇、myiasitic蝇幼虫、恙螨、蚋、蚊和蚤。
式(I)化合物或其对映体或可兽用盐和包含它们的组合物适于内吸和/或非内吸防治体外和/或体内寄生虫。它们对所有或部分发育阶段有效。
式(I)化合物尤其可以用于防除体外寄生虫。
式(I)化合物尤其可以用于分别防治下列目和属(例如若下文未明确列举,则如上文前面在目标害虫中所列)的寄生虫:
蚤(蚤目);
蟑螂(蜚蠊目-Blattodea);
蝇、蚊(双翅目);
虱(毛虱目);
壁虱和寄生螨(寄螨目(Parasitiformes)),选自蜘蛛纲;
辐螨亚目(Actinedida)(前气门亚目(Prostigmata))和粉螨亚目(Acaridida)(无气门目(Astigmata));
臭虫(Heteropterida);
虱目(Anoplurida),例如Haematopinus spp.、Linognathus spp.、Pediculusspp.、Phtirus spp.和Solenopotes spp.;
食毛目(Mallophagida)(Arnblycerina和Ischnocerina亚目),例如Trimenoponspp.、Menopon spp.、Trinoton spp.、Bovicola spp.、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentronspp.、Trichodectes spp.和Felicola spp.;蛔虫(线虫纲(Nematoda)):例如金针虫和Trichinosis(毛管目(Trichosyringida)),例如毛形科(Trichinellidae)(毛形属(Trichinella))、毛首科(Trichuridae)、Trichuris spp.、毛细线虫属(Capillaria);杆形目(Rhabditida),例如小杆线虫属(Rhabditis)、Strongyloides spp.、Helicephalobusspp.;
圆线虫目(Strongylida),例如Strongylus spp.、Ancylostoma spp.、美洲钩虫(Necator americanus)、Bunostomum spp.(钩虫)、毛圆线虫属(Trichostrongylus)、捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus)、Ostertagia spp.、Cooperia spp.、细颈线虫属(Nematodirus)、Dictyocaulus spp.、Cyathostoma spp.、结节线虫属(Oesophagostomum)、猪肾虫(Stephanurus dentatus)、Ollulanus spp.、夏伯特线虫属(Chabertia)、猪肾虫、气管比翼线虫(Syngamus trachea)、Ancylostoma spp.、钩虫属(Uncinaria)、球首线虫属(Globocephalus)、Necator spp.、后圆线虫属(Metastrongylus)、毛样缪勒线虫(Muellerius capillaris)、Protostrongylus spp.、管圆线虫属(Angiostrongylus)、Parelaphostrongylus spp.、Aleurostrongylus abstrusus和肾膨结线虫(Dioctophymarenale);
肠线虫(蛔目(Ascaridida)),例如似蚓蛔线虫(Ascaris lumbricoides)、猪蛔虫(Ascaris suum)、鸡蛔虫(Ascaridia galli)、马副蛔虫(Parascaris equorum)、蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)(蛲虫)、犬弓首蛔虫(Toxocara canis)、犬蛔虫(Toxascarisleonine)、Skrjabinema spp.和马尖尾线虫(Oxyuris equi);
Camallanida,例如Dracunculus medinensis(麦地那龙线虫);
旋尾目(Spirurida),例如Thelazia spp.、丝虫属(Wuchereria)、Brugia spp.、Onchocerca spp.、Dirofilari spp.、Dipetalonema spp.、Setaria spp.、Elaeophoraspp.、狼尾旋线虫(Spirocerca lupi)和丽线虫属(Habronema);棘头虫(棘头动物门(Acanthocephala)),例如Acanthocephalus spp.、猪巨吻棘头虫(Macracanthorhynchushirudinaceus)和棘头虫属(Oncicola);
扁虫类(Planarians)(扁形动物门(Plathelminthes)):
肝吸虫(Flukes)(吸虫纲(Trematoda)),例如肝片形吸虫属(Faciola)、Fascioloides magna、并殖吸虫属(Paragonimus)、双腔吸虫属(Dicrocoelium)、布氏姜片吸虫(Fasciolopsis buski)、华枝睾吸虫(Clonorchis sinensis)、血吸虫属(Schistosoma)、毛毕吸虫属(Trichobilharzia)、有翼翼形吸虫(Alaria alata)、并殖吸虫属和Nanocyetes spp;
Cercomeromorpha,尤其是Cestoda(绦虫),例如裂头绦虫属(Diphyllobothrium)、Tenia spp.、棘球绦虫属(Echinococcus)、犬复孔绦虫(Dipylidium caninum)、Multicepsspp.、膜壳绦虫属(Hymenolepis)、中殖孔绦虫属(Mesocestoides)、Vampirolepis spp.、Moniezia spp.、Anoplocephala spp.、Sirometra spp.、Anoplocephala spp.和Hymenolepis spp.。
式(I)化合物和含有它们的组合物尤其可用于防治双翅目、蚤目和蜱亚目的害虫。
此外,尤其优选式(I)化合物和含有它们的组合物在防除蚊中的用途。
式I化合物和含有它们的组合物在防除蝇中的用途是本发明的另一优选实施方案。
此外,尤其优选式(I)化合物和含有它们的组合物在防除蚤中的用途。
式(I)化合物和含有它们的组合物在防除壁虱中的用途是本发明的另一优选实施方案。
式(I)化合物还尤其可以用于防治体内寄生虫(蛔虫、棘头虫和扁虫类)。
给药可以预防和治疗方式进行。活性组分的给药直接或以合适的制剂形式口服、局部/经皮或肠胃外进行。上面所用术语活性组分是指包含至少一种式(I)化合物且最终包含其他活性化合物。
为了对温血动物口服给药,可以将式(I)化合物配制成动物饲料、动物饲料预混物、动物饲料浓缩物、丸剂、溶液、糊、悬浮液、浸液、凝胶、片剂、大丸剂和胶囊。此外,式(I)化合物可以在其饮用水中给药于动物。对于口服给药,所选择的剂型应为动物提供0.01-100mg/kg动物体重/天,优选0.5-100mg/kg动物体重/天的式(I)化合物。
或者,式(I)化合物可以肠胃外给药于动物,例如通过腔内、肌内、静脉内或皮下注射。式(I)化合物可以分散或溶于对于皮下注射而言生理上可接受的载体中。或者,式(I)化合物可配制成皮下给药用植入物。此外,式(I)化合物可以透皮给药于动物。对于肠胃外给药,所选剂型应为动物提供0.01-100mg/kg动物体重/天的式(I)化合物。
式(I)化合物还可以浸液、粉剂、粉末、套环、挂牌(medallions)、喷雾剂、香波、滴施(spot-on)和喷淋(pour-on)配制剂形式以及以软膏或水包油或油包水乳液局部给药于动物。对于局部施用,浸液和喷雾剂通常含有0.5-5,000ppm,优选1-3,000ppm式(I)化合物。此外,式(I)化合物可以配制成动物,特别是四足动物如牛和绵羊用耳贴。
合适的制剂是:
-溶液,如口服溶液、稀释后口服给药用浓缩物、用于皮肤上或用于体腔内的溶液、喷淋配制剂、凝胶;
-口服或皮肤给药乳液和悬浮液;半固体制剂;
-其中将活性组分在软膏基质中或在水包油或油包水乳液基质中加工的配制剂;
-固体制剂如粉末、预混物或浓缩物、颗粒、丸剂、片剂、大丸剂、胶囊;气雾剂和吸入剂,以及含有活性组分的成型制品。
适合注射的组合物通过将活性成分溶于合适的溶剂中并任选加入其他成分如酸、碱、缓冲盐、防腐剂和加溶剂而制备。过滤这些溶液并无菌填充。
合适的溶剂是生理上耐受的溶剂如水,链烷醇如乙醇、丁醇、苄醇、甘油、丙二醇、聚乙二醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、2-吡咯烷酮及其混合物。
活性组分可以任选溶于生理上耐受的且适合注射的植物或合成油中。
合适的加溶剂是促进活性组分在主溶剂中溶解或防止其沉淀的溶剂。实例是聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯醇、聚氧乙基化蓖麻油和聚氧乙基化脱水山梨糖醇酯。
合适的防腐剂是苄醇、三氯丁醇、对羟基苯甲酸酯和正丁醇。
口服溶液直接给药。浓缩物在预先稀释至使用浓度之后口服给药。口服溶液和浓缩物根据上面对注射液所述的现有技术制备,并不必需无菌程序。
用于皮肤上的溶液滴施、涂施、擦施、洒施或喷施。
用于皮肤上的溶液根据现有技术以及上面对注射液所述制备,并不必需无菌程序。
通常而言,“杀寄生虫有效量”是指对生长获得可观察到的效果所需的活性成分的量,所述效果包括坏死、死亡、阻滞、预防和去除效果,破坏效果或减少目标生物体的出现和活动的效果。对于在本发明中使用的各种化合物/组合物,杀寄生虫有效量可以变化。组合物的杀寄生虫有效量也会根据主要条件如所需杀寄生虫效果及持续时间、目标物种、施用方式等而变化。
可以用于本发明的组合物通常可以包含约0.001-95%式(I)化合物。
通常有利的是以0.5-100mg/kg/天,优选1-50mg/kg/天的总量施用式(I)化合物。
即用制剂以10重量ppm-80重量%,优选0.1-65重量%,更优选1-50重量%,最优选5-40重量%的浓度含有对寄生虫,优选体外寄生虫起作用的化合物。
在使用前稀释的制剂以0.5-90重量%,优选1-50重量%的浓度含有对体外寄生虫起作用的化合物。
此外,制剂以10重量ppm-2重量%,优选0.05-0.9重量%,非常特别优选0.005-0.25重量%的浓度包含对抗体内寄生虫的式(I)化合物。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,经皮/局部施用包含式(I)化合物的组合物。
在另一优选实施方案中,局部施用以含有化合物的成型制品如套环、挂牌、耳贴、在身体部分上固定用的绑带以及粘合条和箔的形式进行。
通常有利的是施用在三周内以10-300mg/kg,优选20-200mg/kg,最优选25-160mg/kg被处理动物体重的总量释放式(I)化合物的固体配制剂。
为了制备成型制品,使用热塑性和柔性塑料以及弹性体和热塑性弹性体。合适的塑料和弹性体是与式(I)化合物充分相容的聚乙烯基树脂、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、环氧树脂、纤维素、纤维素衍生物、聚酰胺和聚酯。塑料和弹性体的详细列表以及成型制品的制备程序例如在WO 03/086075中给出。
本发明现由下列实施例进一步详细说明,但不对其施加任何限制。
S.合成实施例
实施例1:合成S1:
实施例C-3的合成:6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-1-异丙基-3-甲基-4-氧代-7,8-二氢-6H-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-1--2-醇盐
步骤1.1:6-氯-3-吡啶基甲醇
在0℃下向LiAlH4(25g,0.65mol)在THF(1500ml)中的溶液中滴加6-氯吡啶-3-甲酸(50g,0.323mol)在THF中的溶液并将该混合物在0℃下搅拌3小时。缓慢加入THF和Na2SO4×5H2O。在搅拌20分钟之后,将该混合物过滤并浓缩滤液,得到粗产物(26g,产率:57.1%)。
步骤1.2:6-氯吡啶-3-甲醛
在0℃下向PCC(58g,0.27mol)在DCM(1500ml)中的溶液中作为在DCM中的溶液滴加前一步骤的产物(26g,0.184mol)。然后将该混合物在20℃下搅拌2小时。将它滤过硅藻土并将过滤器内容物用DCM洗涤。将有机相浓缩,得到粗产物,通过柱层析提纯得到产物(15g,产率:60.1%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ10.067(s,1H),8.874(s,1H,J=3Hz),8.158~8.138(d,1H,J=8Hz),7.534~7.513(d,1H,J=8Hz)
步骤1.3:4-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯
向6-氯吡啶-3-甲醛(10g,70mmol)在DMF(40ml)中的溶液中加入NaCN(0.7g,14mmol)。将该混合物搅拌1小时,然后滴加丙烯酸甲酯(5.2g,60mmol)。继续在室温下搅拌3小时,将该溶液倾入水中并用EtOAc萃取。将有机相干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到4-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯(6.8g,产率:42.5%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.971~8.968(m,1H),8.219~8.198(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),7.462~7.441(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),3.710(s,3H),3.306~3.274(m,1H)2.812~2.760(m,2H)。
步骤1.4:5-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)吡咯烷-2-酮
向4-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯(6.7g,29.5mmol)在MeOH(100ml)中的溶液中滴加NH4OAc(6.8g,88.3mmol)和NaBH3CN(5.6g,88.3mmol),并将该混合物回流过夜。真空除去溶剂,将残余物溶于DCM中,用盐水洗涤,干燥并浓缩,得到粗产物。通过柱层析提纯得到产物(3g,产率:51.9%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.336~8.330(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.642~7.616(m,1H),7.361~7.340(d,1H,J=8.4Hz),6.987(s,1H),4.819~4.782(m,1H),2.634~2.482(m,1H),2.474~2.432(m,2H),1.967~1.935(m,1H)。
步骤1.5:5-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)吡咯烷-2-硫酮
在室温下向来自前一步骤的化合物(2.4g,12.24mmol)在二烷(150ml)中的溶液中加入P2S5(3.3g,14.7mmol)。将该混合物加热至110℃并搅拌2.0小时。在过滤热混合物之后将滤液浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(1.56g,产率:60.2%)。
步骤1.6:2-氯-5-(5-甲硫基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡咯-2-基)吡啶
向5-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)吡咯烷-2-硫酮(2g,9.4mmol)在丙酮(100ml)中的溶液中加入K2CO3。在室温下搅拌30分钟之后加入碘甲烷并在室温下再搅拌3小时。在过滤之后将滤液浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(2.1g,产率:97.6%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.320(s,1H),7.564~7.544(d,1H,J=8.0Hz),7.298~7.278(d,1H,J=8.0Hz),5.105~5.068(m,1H),2.856~2.792(m,2H),2.634~2.513(m,2H),2.179(s,3H),1.820~1.255(m,1H)。
步骤1.7:2-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-N-异丙基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡咯-5-胺
向在THF(30ml)中的来自步骤6的产物(0.25g,1.03mmol)中加入异丙基胺(580mg,10.3mmol)并将该混合物在密闭管中于130℃下加热过夜。冷却至20℃,真空除去溶剂。将残余物溶于EtOAc(60mL)中,用水(30mL)、盐水洗涤并浓缩,得到产物(230mg,产率:88.1%)。
步骤1.8:3-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-8-二甲氨基-5-氧代-6-苯基-1,2,3,8-四氢吲嗪-4--2-醇盐
用几滴DMF将来自步骤7的产物(0.23g,0.96mmol)和2-苯基丙二酸二(2,4,6-三氯苯基)酯(0.62g,1.2mmol)溶于甲苯(5ml)中。将反应混合物在微波炉中于150℃下加热90分钟。在冷却至室温之后将其倾入水(10ml)中并用EtOAc(45mL)萃取。将有机相用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(0.155g,产率:57.8%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.400~8.394(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.8818~7.791(m,1H),7.470~7.395(m,3H),7.285~7.142(m,3H),5.841~5.807(m,1H),3.771~3.608(m,2H),2.982~2.869(m,2H),2.249~2.192(m,1H),1.722~1.671(m,6H)。
实施例2:合成S2:
实施例C-8的合成:6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-1-甲基-4-氧代-3-苯基-6,7,8,9-四氢吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-1--2-醇盐
步骤2.1:5-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-5-氧代戊酸甲酯
在氩气气氛下向Zn金属(21.7g,0.339mol)和DMI(38.6g,0.339mol)在MeCN(300mL)中的混合物中加入0.2ml TMSCl并在60℃下搅拌5分钟,然后加入4-碘丁酸甲酯(58g,0.254mol)。将该混合物在该温度下搅拌2小时,然后冷却至室温。直接使用该溶液。
在氩气气氛下向6-氯吡啶-3-甲酰氯(14.8g,0.085mol)和Pd(OAc)2(0.57g,0.00254mol)在MeCN(300mL)中的混合物中加入烷基锌试剂并在室温下搅拌。2小时后将饱和NH4Cl溶液加入反应混合物中并将它用EtOAc萃取。将有机相合并,用盐水洗涤,干燥,过滤并浓缩,得到粗产物。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(9.5g)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.88~8.89(d,1H,J=2Hz),8.13~8.19(m,1H),7.36~7.40(d,1H,J=16Hz),4.03~4.01(q,2H),2.98~3.02(t,2H,J=6.8Hz)2.37~2.407(t,2H,J=7.2Hz),1.98~2.05(m,2H),1.15~1.22(t,2H,J=13Hz)。
步骤2.2:6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)哌啶-2-酮
向5-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-5-氧代戊酸甲酯(9.5g,39.4mmol)在MeOH(150ml)中的溶液中加入NH4OAc(6.1g,78.8mmol)和NaBH3CN(5g,78.8mmol),并将该混合物回流过夜。冷却至室温,真空除去溶剂,将残余物溶于DCM中,用盐水洗涤,干燥,浓缩,得到粗产物。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(5g,产率:61%)。
步骤2.3:6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)哌啶-2-硫酮
在20℃下向6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)哌啶-2-酮(2.2g,10.4mmol)在二烷(150ml)中的溶液中加入P2S5(2.8g,12.6mmol)。在120℃下将该混合物搅拌2.5小时。在过滤热混合物之后将滤液浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(1.5g,产率:63.5%)。
步骤2.4:2-氯-5-(6-甲硫基-2,3,4,5-四氢吡啶-2-基)吡啶
向6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)哌啶-2-硫酮(1.5g,6.64mmol)在丙酮(120ml)中的溶液中加入K2CO3并搅拌30分钟,然后加入碘甲烷(1.42g,9.96mmol)并在20℃下搅拌过夜。在过滤之后将滤液浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(1.2g,产率:75.3%)。
步骤2.5:2-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-N-甲基-2,3,4,5-四氢吡啶-6-胺
将2-氯-5-(6-甲硫基-2,3,4,5-四氢吡啶-2-基)吡啶(0.6g,2.5mmol)溶于甲胺(20mL,40mmol)中并将该混合物在密闭管中于80℃下加热过夜。冷却至20℃,真空除去溶剂,将残余物溶于EtOAc(60mL)中并用水(30mL)和盐水洗涤。有机相浓缩得到产物(480mg,粗)。
步骤2.6:6-(6-氯-3-吡啶基)-1-甲基-4-氧代-3-苯基-6,7,8,9-四氢吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-5--2-醇盐
用几滴DMF将来自前一步骤的产物(0.48g,粗)和2-苯基丙二酸二(2,4,6-三氯苯基)酯(1.4g,2.4mmol)溶于甲苯(5ml)中。将反应混合物在150℃下在微波炉中加热90分钟。在冷却至室温之后,将其倾入水(10ml)中并用EtOAc(45mL)萃取。将有机相用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩,得到粗材料。通过柱层析提纯得到纯产物(0.4g,产率:50.7%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δd 8.381~8.375(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.818~7.791(m,1H),7.552~7.485(m,3H),7.207~7.048(m,3H),5.941~5.933(s,1H),3.495(s,3H),3.236~3.174(m,2H),2.179~2.132(m,2H),1.822~1.426(m,2H)。
实施例3:合成S3:
实施例C-6的合成:6-(2-氯噻唑-5-基)-1-甲基-4-氧代-3-苯基-3,6,7,8-四氢-2H-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-5--2-醇盐
在微波辐照下将在密闭管中的2-(2-氯噻唑-5-基)-N-甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-吡咯-5-胺(230mg,1.07mmol)和2-苯基丙二酸二(2,4,6-三氯苯基)酯(632mg,1.17mmol)在甲苯(10ml)中的混合物在150℃下加热90分钟。冷却至室温,将所得混合物浓缩并将残余物通过制备型TLC提纯,以黄色固体得到6-(2-氯噻唑-5-基)-1-甲基-4-氧代-3-苯基-3,6,7,8-四氢-2H-吡咯并[1,2-a]嘧啶-5--2-醇盐(90mg,产率:23%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δd 7.87(s,1H),7.60(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),7.23(t,2H,J=7.6Hz),7.08(t,1H,J=7.6Hz),5.98~5.95(m,1H),3.67~3.59(m,1H),3.51~3.44(m,1H),3.37(s,3H),2.69~2.67(m,1H),2.60~2.54(m,1H)。
化合物例如通常可以通过联用的高效液相色谱法/质谱法(HPLC/MS)、1H-NMR和/或其熔点表征。
条件:
HPLC分析柱1:来自德国Merck KgaA的RP-18柱Chromolith Speed ROD。洗脱:乙腈+0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA)/水+0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA),在40℃下在5分钟内比例为5:95-95:5。
r.t.=以分钟计的HPLC保留时间(RT);[M+H]+、[M+Na]+或[M+K]+峰的m/z。
HPLC分析柱2:Phenomenex Kinetex 1.7μm XB-C18100A;50×2.1mm
洗脱:A:乙腈+0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA)/水+0.1%三氟乙酸(TFA),在50℃下在1.5分钟内比例为5:95-95:5。
MS方法:ESI正性。
1H-NMR或13C-NMR:信号由相对于四甲基硅烷或对于13C-NMR而言相对于CDCl3的化学位移δ(ppm)、其多重性和其积分(所给氢原子的相对数)表征。使用下列缩写表征信号的多重性:m=多重峰,q=四重峰,t=三重峰,d=双峰和s=单峰。偶合常数(J)以赫兹(Hz)表示。
本发明的其他化合物实施例类似于上述合成方法制备且下表不施加任何限制地说明式(I)的化合物实施例,包括其相应的表征数据:
本发明式(I)化合物的生物学活性可以在下面所述生物学试验中评价。通用条件:若无相反描述,大部分试验溶液按如下制备:
将活性化合物以所需浓度溶于1:1(体积比)蒸馏水:丙酮混合物中。在使用当天制备试验溶液。
试验溶液通常以2500ppm,1000ppm,500ppm,300ppm,100ppm和30ppm(重量/体积)的浓度制备。
墨西哥棉铃象(Anthonomus grandis)
为了评价对墨西哥棉铃象(Anthonomus grandis)的防治,测试单元由含有昆虫膳食和5-10只墨西哥棉铃象卵的96孔微滴定板构成。
使用含有75体积%水和25体积%DMSO的溶液配制化合物。使用定制微雾化器将不同浓度的配制化合物以5μl喷雾于昆虫膳食上,重复两次。
在施用之后,将微滴定板在约25±1℃和约75±5%相对湿度下温育5天。然后肉眼评价卵和幼虫死亡率。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-3、C-47、C-29、C-40和C-44在2500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
绿桃蚜(Myzus persicae)
为了通过内吸方式评价对绿桃蚜(Myzus persicae)的防治,测试单元由在人造膜下含有液体人工膳食的96孔微滴定板组成。
使用含有75体积%水和25体积%DMSO的溶液配制化合物。使用定制微雾化器将不同浓度的配制化合物吸移于蚜虫膳食上,重复两次。
在施用之后,将5-8只蚜虫成虫置于微滴定板孔内的人工膜上。然后使蚜虫在被处理蚜虫膳食上吸食并在约23±1℃和约50±5%相对湿度下温育3天。然后肉眼评价蚜虫死亡率和繁殖力。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-2、C-3、C-6、C-8、C-9、C-12、C-13、C-21、C-34、C-45、C-23、C-22、C-24、C-27、C-49、C-47、C-48、C-50、C-29、C-40、C-32、C-43、C-44、C-38、C-17、C-41和C-31在2500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
兰花蓟马(Dichromothrips corbetti)
用于生物分析的兰花蓟马成虫得自持续维持在实验室条件下的种群。为了测试目的,将测试化合物在加有0.01体积%EL 620表面活性剂的丙酮:水的1:1混合物(体积比)中稀释。
各化合物的蓟马防治效力通过使用花浸技术评价。将塑料陪替氏皿用作测试场所。将各完整兰花的所有花瓣浸入处理溶液中并干燥。被处理的花与约20只蓟马成虫一起放入各陪替氏皿中。然后用盖子覆盖陪替氏皿。所有测试场所在分析持续期间维持在连续光照和约28℃的温度下。3天后计数各花上和沿着各陪替氏皿内壁的活蓟马数。在处理后72小时记录死亡率百分数。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-2、C-3、C-6、C-8、C-34、C-45、C-22、C-24、C-27、C-49、C-47、C-28、C-48、C-50、C-29、C-42、C-35和C-38在500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
二点黑尾叶蝉(Nephotettix virescens)
在喷雾前24小时将稻秧苗清洁并洗涤。将活性化合物在50:50丙酮:水(体积比)中配制并加入0.1体积%表面活性剂(EL 620)。将盆栽稻秧苗用5ml试验溶液喷雾,风干,置于笼中并用10只成虫接种。将被处理稻植株保持在约28-29℃和约50-60%的相对湿度下。72小时后记录死亡率百分数。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-2、C-6、C-8、C-22、C-24、C-47、C-28、C-42和C-38在500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
稻飞虱(Nilaparvata lugens)
在喷雾前24小时将稻秧苗清洁并洗涤。将活性化合物在50:50丙酮:水(体积比)中配制并加入0.1体积%表面活性剂(EL 620)。将盆栽稻秧苗用5ml试验溶液喷雾,风干,置于笼中并用10只成虫接种。将被处理稻植株保持在约28-29℃和约50-60%的相对湿度下。72小时后记录死亡率百分数。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-6、C-24、C-28、C-29、C-42和C-38在500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
叶螨(叶螨属(Tetranychus spp.))
将活性化合物以所需浓度溶于1:1(体积比)的蒸馏水:丙酮混合物中。在使用当天制备试验溶液。
将2周龄的盆栽棉植株清洁,风干并用约50只各阶段的螨虫接种。在记录害虫种群之后喷雾盆栽植株。处理72小时后记录死亡率百分数。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-9和C-42在500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)
为了评价对烟芽夜蛾(Heliothis virescens)的防治,测试单元由含有昆虫膳食和15-25只烟芽夜蛾卵的96孔微滴定板组成。
使用含有75体积%水和25体积%DMSO的溶液配制化合物。使用定制微雾化器将不同浓度的配制化合物以10μl喷雾于昆虫膳食上,重复两次。
在施用之后,将微滴定板在约28±1℃和约80±5%相对湿度下温育5天。然后肉眼评价卵和幼虫死亡率。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-45、C-44和C-38在2500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
巢菜修尾蚜(Megoura viciae)
为了通过接触或内吸方式评价对巢菜修尾蚜(Megoura viciae)的防治,测试单元由含有宽菜豆叶片的24孔微滴定板构成。
使用含有75体积%水和25体积%DMSO的溶液配制化合物。使用定制微雾化器将不同浓度的配制化合物以2.5μl喷雾于叶片上,重复两次。
在施用之后,将叶片风干并将5-8只蚜虫成虫置于微滴定板孔内的叶片上。然后使蚜虫在被处理叶片上吸食并在约23±1℃和约50±5%相对湿度下温育5天。然后肉眼评价蚜虫死亡率和繁殖力。
在该试验中,与未处理对照相比,化合物C-1、C-2、C-3、C-6、C-8、C-9、C-13、C-34、C-45、C-22、C-24、C-27、C-49、C-47、C-48、C-50、C-29、C-40、C-44、C-38、C-19和C-31在2500ppm下显示出超过75%的死亡率。
Claims (15)
1.式(I)的取代嘧啶化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体:
其中
X、Y各自为O;
Z为直接键;
A为CH或N且其中该嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成4-7员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多3个独立地选自至多2个O和至多2个S的杂原子,其中各环可以被至多3个C1-C6烷基取代;
Het选自下列环体系D-2、D-9、D-22、D25、D28、D-29、D-54和D-56中的任一个:
其中#表示与式(I)中A的键;
R1为C1-C4烷基、C2-C4链烯基、苄基或苯基,所述基团可以部分或完全被卤素取代;
Ra各自独立地为卤素、C1-C4烷氧基、C1-C4烷硫基或苯基;
Rc各自独立地为氢或C1-C4烷基;
n为0、1或2;以及
R2为6员芳族碳环,该环可以未被取代、部分或完全被R2a取代,并且其中
R2a为卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基、ORc、苯基,或者可以被卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代的吡啶基。
2.根据权利要求1的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中Het选自下列环体系D-2、D-25或D-54:
其中Ra为Cl、Br或F。
3.根据权利要求1的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中Het选自下列环体系D-2a、D-2b、D-2c、D-25a或D-54a:
其中Ra相互独立地选自Cl、Br和F。
4.根据权利要求1的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中Het为D-2a、D-2b、D-2c或D-25a,其中Ra为Cl。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中R1为C1-C4烷基。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中R2为未取代苯基或者被卤素或C1-C6卤代烷基取代的苯基。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中A为CH或N,其中所述嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成5或6员环,其中各剩余环成员选自碳原子和至多一个选自O和S的杂原子,该环可以被C1-C6烷基取代。
8.根据权利要求1-4和7中任一项的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体,其中
A为CH且所述嘧啶环的氮与式(I)中所示邻接碳原子和A一起形成5或6员环,其中各剩余环成员选自2和3个碳原子;
R1为CH3、CH2CH3、异丙基、CH2CF3、苯基、烯丙基或苄基;
R2为可以被卤素、C1-C6卤代烷基或苯基取代的苯基;以及
Het为D-2、D-9、D-25或D-56且Ra为Cl、Br、F、SCH3、OCH3或苯基。
9.一种包含至少一种如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和至少一种惰性液体和/或固体载体的组合物。
10.一种用于防除动物害虫的农业组合物,包含至少一种如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体和至少一种惰性液体和/或固体可接受载体以及需要的话至少一种表面活性剂。
11.一种保护作物、植物、植物繁殖材料和/或生长的植物以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染的方法,包括使作物、植物、植物繁殖材料和生长的植物或其中作物、植物、植物繁殖材料储存或植物生长的土壤、材料、表面、空间、区域或水体与杀害虫有效量的至少一种如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体或如权利要求9或10所定义的组合物接触或用其处理。
12.一种防除、防治、防止或保护以防无脊椎动物害虫侵染或感染的非治疗方法,该方法包括使所述害虫或其食物供应源、栖息地或繁殖地与杀害虫有效量的至少一种如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体如权利要求9或10所定义的组合物接触。
13.一种处理种子的方法,包括每100kg种子施加0.1g-10kg如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体。
14.如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体在保护生长的植物或植物繁殖材料以防无脊椎动物害虫侵袭或侵染中的用途。
15.如权利要求1-8中任一项所定义的式(I)化合物和/或其立体异构体或可农用或可兽用盐或互变异构体在制备用于处理被寄生虫侵染或感染的动物、防止动物被寄生虫侵染或感染或保护动物以防寄生虫侵染或感染的兽用组合物中的用途。
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EP2984089B1 (en) | 2022-03-09 |
BR112015021863B1 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
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BR112015021863A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
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EP2984089A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
PT2984089T (pt) | 2022-03-31 |
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