CN105110897A - Wheat straw biochar fertilizer for balancing soil fertility distribution and preparation method for wheat straw biochar fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat straw biochar fertilizer for balancing soil fertility distribution and a preparation method for the wheat straw biochar fertilizer. The wheat straw biochar fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of tomato seed pulp, 7-9 parts of ammonnium phosphor nitrate, 13-15 parts of cocoa powder, 25-35 parts of sawdust, 19-21 parts of molasses, 4-5 parts of sodium borate, 3-4 parts of ammonium molybdate, 95-105 parts of fresh enteromorpha prolifera, 6-7 parts of a compound microbial agent, 230-250 parts of wheat straws, 26-29 parts of fresh urine and a proper amount of water. The biochar fertilizer disclosed by the invention is balanced in nutrient. The easy absorptivity of the fertilizer is improved by adding enteromorpha prolifera, molasses and the like, and meanwhile, NH4+/-N concentration in a soil surface solution is remarkably reduced under the action of abundant functional groups such as straw carbon powder, cocoa powder and the like; the conductivity of a soil solution is remarkably reduced, the fertilizer has a good retention effect on ammonium nitrogen of the soil, and the nitrogen release effect is realized. Moreover, high centralization which may be caused by fertilization of nutritional ions in part of the regions is avoided, and the soil structure is favorably maintained and the soil fertility is favorably improved.

Description

Wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of a kind of balanced soil fertility distribution and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of fertilizers, wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of particularly a kind of balanced soil fertility distribution and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Biomass charcoal is that biomass carbonize through limit oxygen thermo-cracking the organic substance being rich in stability carbon obtained, charcoal not only effectively can promote the organic carbon content in soil, while progressively improving soil fertilizer, water retention property, for aspects such as reduction soil nutrient losses, there is good effect equally.

Along with the continuous lifting of agricultural products in China export ratio, agricultural will constantly be upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, soil fertility, therefore the angle promoted from change and the fertility of soil and fertilizer kind uses charcoal fertilizer, produces great prograding by the adjustment of China's structure of agricultural production and the lifting of export of farm produce comprehensive strength.

But due to charcoal light weight, in Powdered, take up space comparatively large, transport and storage cost higher, and also exist in using in farmland process and use the difficulty such as inconvenience, dust pollution, limit agricultural extension and the utilization of biomass charcoal.For this reason, the present inventor makes biomass charcoal base composite fertilizer by being coordinated with plurality of raw materials by biomass charcoal, the release period of fertilizer nutrient is extended by charcoal, reduce nutrient loss, Inorganic whisker thing then eliminates the defect of charcoal nutrient deficiency, thus accomplished making full use of charcoal, significant to agricultural high-effiency, ecology, environmental protection, Sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention compensate for the deficiencies in the prior art, and the wheat straw biologic charcoal providing a kind of balanced soil fertility to distribute is fertile and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the raw material of following weight part: Tomato Seed dregs of rice 30-40, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 7-9, cocoa powder 13-15, wood sawdust 25-35, molasses 19-21, Sodium Tetraborate 4-5, ammonium molybdate 3-4, fresh Enteromorpha 95-105, complex micro organism fungicide 6-7, wheat stalk 230-250, freshly voided urine 26-29, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with the Tomato Seed dregs of rice, wood sawdust, molasses, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-60%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-5 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 32-36 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 550-650 DEG C, insulation charing 100-150 minute, again temperature is increased to 840-880 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add cocoa powder, Sodium Tetraborate, at being heated to 60-65 DEG C, be incubated 40-60 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium molybdate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

Charcoal purity can be improved to the secondary charing of wheat stalk in step 2, and increase the number cells of charcoal further, improve its adsorptive power.

The method using wheat stalk powdered carbon repeatedly to adsorb in step 4 can improve the crystallized ability of charcoal to mixotrophism liquid Middle nutrition element, its huge specific surface area effectively can promote the formation of nitrogenous crystallization, and the loss of the nutritive element that drying process brings after preventing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The Enteromorpha added is except containing except carbon nitrogen organic composition, also containing small organic molecule and the natural phant such as growth hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins growth regulators such as sea grass polysaccharide, N.F,USP MANNITOL, alginic acid, also have 40 various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, ensure that and provide comprehensive nutrition supply to crop.

Charcoal fertilizer nutrient of the present invention is balanced, and the interpolation of Enteromorpha, molasses etc. improves the easy absorptivity of fertilizer, can make NH in upper soll layer solution under the effect of the abundant functional group such as stalk powdered carbon, cocoa powder simultaneously ⁴⁺-N concentration significantly reduces, electrical conductivity of soil solution significantly reduces, and has well to hold to give over to use to soil ammonium, achieves the effect of nitrogen slowly-releasing, avoid the subregion nutrient ion high concentration of applying fertilizer and may cause simultaneously, be conducive to the maintenance of Soil structure and the improvement of soil fertility.

Specific embodiments

Below in conjunction with following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

The raw material taking following weight part (kg) is made: the Tomato Seed dregs of rice 35, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 8, cocoa powder 14, wood sawdust 30, molasses 20, Sodium Tetraborate 4, ammonium molybdate 3, fresh Enteromorpha 100, complex micro organism fungicide 6, wheat stalk 240, freshly voided urine 28, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with the Tomato Seed dregs of rice, wood sawdust, molasses, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-60%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, ferment 35 days, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 600 DEG C, insulation charing 120 minutes, again temperature is increased to 860 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, carry out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add cocoa powder, Sodium Tetraborate, at being heated to 60 DEG C, be incubated 50 minutes, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium molybdate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0, equiponderant three parts are divided into by after concentrated 10 times of mixed solution heating, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate using value of the present invention, the present inventor have chosen 20 mu of rice test fields and carries out compliance test result to charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, wherein 10 mu of experimental group use charcoal of the present invention fertilizer to use common fertilizer as base manure as base manure, another 10 mu of control groups, and mu fertilise is 1600kg, during paddy growth, all management modes are all identical, record experimental data as follows after maturation:

Project

Control group

Experimental group

Soil available nitrogen content (mg/kg)	33.60	41.34
			Ammonia nitrogen content (mg/L) in paddy field water either	2.12	0.57
Disease and pest incidence (%)	4.2	2.6
			Output (kg/ mu)	545	593
Stimulation ratio (%)	——	8.81

After can finding out use charcoal fertilizer of the present invention from experimental data, the soil nutrient content of rice terrace significantly improves, decrease the nutritive loss of nitrogen loss to paddy field water either simultaneously, during paddy growth, disease and pest also significantly reduces, the quality of paddy rice is had greatly improved, experimental group each mu paddy rice growing way is even, control group then has obvious height difference, and final experimental group obtains higher rice yield, has larger raising compared to control group productive rate.

Claims (2)

1. the wheat straw biologic charcoal of balanced soil fertility distribution is fertile and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Tomato Seed dregs of rice 30-40, ammonium nitrate phosphorus 7-9, cocoa powder 13-15, wood sawdust 25-35, molasses 19-21, Sodium Tetraborate 4-5, ammonium molybdate 3-4, fresh Enteromorpha 95-105, complex micro organism fungicide 6-7, wheat stalk 230-250, freshly voided urine 26-29, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

2. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer of the balanced soil fertility distribution according to claims 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of preparation method are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with the Tomato Seed dregs of rice, wood sawdust, molasses, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-60%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-5 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 32-36 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 550-650 DEG C, insulation charing 100-150 minute, again temperature is increased to 840-880 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add cocoa powder, Sodium Tetraborate, at being heated to 60-65 DEG C, be incubated 40-60 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add ammonium molybdate, ammonium nitrate phosphorus stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0-4.2, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 9-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.