CN105090936A - Combustion method and device for solid fuel and ignition method of combustion device - Google Patents
Combustion method and device for solid fuel and ignition method of combustion device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105090936A CN105090936A CN201410220550.4A CN201410220550A CN105090936A CN 105090936 A CN105090936 A CN 105090936A CN 201410220550 A CN201410220550 A CN 201410220550A CN 105090936 A CN105090936 A CN 105090936A
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- combustion
- burner hearth
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- burner
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B50/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone
- F23B50/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom
- F23B50/04—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel is fed into or through the combustion zone by gravity, e.g. from a fuel storage situated above the combustion zone the fuel forming a column, stack or thick layer with the combustion zone at its bottom the movement of combustion air and flue gases being substantially transverse to the movement of the fuel
Abstract
The invention provides an ignition method for a combustion device of solid fuel, a combustion method and the combustion device. The combustion device comprises a hearth provided with an air inlet and a solid fuel feeding opening. The feeding opening is formed in the top of the hearth. A grate corresponding to the feeding opening is arranged in the hearth. The fuel entering the hearth from the feeding opening forms a piled fuel layer on the grate. An air inlet side which supplies air to the piled fuel layer is formed on one side of the piled fuel layer. A combustion side is formed on the other side, opposite to the air inlet side, of the piled fuel layer. During ignition, ignition is conducted on the combustion side of the piled fuel layer, and the solid fuel close to an ignition flame is heated, so that volatile matter is separated out; airflow generated by air entering the hearth transversely penetrates the piled fuel layer and penetrates out of the piled fuel layer from the combustion side by carrying the volatile matter, and the volatile matter is ignited by the ignition flame and combusted to generate a new combustion flame; and solid carbon fuel, with volatile matter being separated out, close to the combustion flame is ignited, and the solid fuel close to the ignited solid carbon fuel is heated, so that volatile matter is separated out, and then the piled fuel layer is ignited through such circulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid fuel ignition field, specifically, have about a kind of solid fuel ignition method, burner and ignition method thereof.
Background technology
From fuel grade angle, solid fuel, because of aboundresources, use safety, is modern humans's the most widely used a kind of incendiary material, particularly coal.In addition, along with the increase of demand of mineral solids fuel, the minimizing of resource that take coal as representative, and the expansion of global new forms of energy motion, reproducible biomass combustion material, as straw, straw, timber, wood chip, deadwood etc. obtain the great attention of people.
The direct ignition combustion of major way of current use biomass combustion material, this mode efficiency of combustion is very low, and produces a large amount of black smokes, causes environmental pollution.
All the time, a lot of people attempts to adopt existing coal stove to carry out firing biomass fuel.Because the combustion characteristics of the higher mineral matter incendiary material of biomass combustion material and fixed carbon content has larger difference, existing combustion stove can not adapt to the solid-fuelled burning be made up of reproducible biological material, cause efficiency of combustion low, there is the problems such as exhaust emission, thus constrain the application of biomass combustion material.In addition, a large amount of coal used is all the high-rank coal that fixed carbon comparision contents is high, such as anthracite, bituminous coal etc. now, some grizzles, such as brown coal, mud coal etc., utilize existing burner, there is efficiency of combustion too low, the problems such as over-emitting black exhaust, be not therefore also used widely at present.
The present inventor finds after carefully studying, biomass combustion material and grizzle (such as brown coal, mud coal etc.) are compared with high-rank coal, main difference is, the fixed carbon content of high-rank coal is very high (generally more than 90%), therefore the mainly fixed carbon combustion system when burning; And the fixed carbon comparision contents of biomass combustion material and grizzle is low, and volatile content higher (probably at 50%-70%).The solid fuel that this volatile content is high, main exist two features: 1) fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature is lower than fugitive constituent burning-point; 2) burning-point of fugitive constituent is higher than ash fusion point.
Current combustion furnace is generally divided into forward combustion stove and trans combustion furnace two kinds, because biomass fuel and grizzle exist These characteristics, adopts these two kinds of combustion furnaces all cannot realize lasting efficient burning.
Existing forward combustion stove is generally air feed below fire grate, and the air-flow that the wind entering burner hearth produces, from bottom to top through fire grate, makes the flame upwards forward combustion that the fuel combustion on fire grate produces.During the burning of this forward combustion device, there are the following problems:
1) efficiency of combustion is low.When burning, because the Precipitation Temperature of fugitive constituent is lower than the burning-point of fugitive constituent, first fugitive constituent is separated out and is discharged in air in the mode of black smoke, remaining fixed carbon part is burnt again, so only make use of the heat that fixed carbon burning wherein produces, not only efficiency of combustion is lower, and there is exhaust emission.
2) can not sustained combustion.This forward combustion device, due to by fire grate air feed, forms high temperature grate in fire grate position.And because the ash fusion point of fuel is lower than the burning-point of fugitive constituent and fixed carbon, under the hot environment of fixed carbon burning on fire grate, grate temperature is higher than ash fusion point, ashes after burning are in thick molten condition, can stick with paste on fire grate, normally cannot be discharged by fire grate or other ash exhauster (such as gray moving rod).These thick ashes are blended in the fuel burnt, and not only greatly have impact on the efficiency of combustion of fuel.Further, these thick ashes are bonded on fire grate, plug the air intake passage on fire grate, fire grate can be stuck with paste dead, combustion furnace cannot be worked on after a period of time.
The feature of trans combustion furnace is, crater is lower than fire grate, and the air-flow that the wind entering burner hearth produces from top to bottom is discharged through the offgas outlet through being communicated in crater after fire grate, thus the flame that burning is produced arrives crater again back through after fire grate.
Trans combustion system is compared with forward combustion, and the fugitive constituent of precipitation can when passing through fire grate by flame ignition, and efficiency of combustion is improved.But be positioned at fire grate position due to thermal-flame, this also makes the temperature of fire grate position very high, in high temperature environments, ashes after burning are in thick molten condition, can stick with paste on fire grate, plug the gas channel of fire grate, fire grate will soon be stuck with paste dead, combustion furnace cannot be worked on.
In addition, because the fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature of fuel is lower than the burning-point of fuel, existing forward combustion and trans burner are when lighting a fire, first fuel reach fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature and then just enter fired state, in the air that the fugitive constituent of first separating out discharges with the form of black smoke, and over-emitting black exhaust phenomenon when forming igniting, not only cause serious environmental pollution, and owing to igniting by means of only fixed carbon fuel, not easily light, the duration of ignition is long.
Therefore, be necessary the solid fuel combustion furnace that the solid fuel (such as biomass fuel) providing a kind of applicable volatile content high burns, overcome the above-mentioned defect that existing combustion furnace exists, realize solid-fuelled orderly controlled burning.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of solid fuel ignition method and burner are provided, not only can make the fugitive constituent Thorough combustion in solid fuel, and solve molten grey problem, ensure that the sustained combustion of fuel.
The present invention also aims to, a kind of ignition method of solid-fuelled burner is provided and adopts combustion method and the burner of this ignition method, igniting required time can be shortened, and effectively solve or improve the problem of igniting over-emitting black exhaust.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of ignition method of solid-fuelled burner, this burner comprises burner hearth, burner hearth is provided with air inlet and solid fuel charging aperture, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with the solid-fuelled fire grate accepted and enter from charging aperture, the fuel entered from charging aperture forms the heap bed of material at fire grate, the wherein side of the heap bed of material is formed as the inlet side to heap bed of material air feed, and the heap bed of material opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; The combustion chamber being communicated in offgas outlet is provided with at combustion side;
Wherein, during igniting, from the combustion side igniting of the heap bed of material, the solid fuel of contiguous ignition flame is heated precipitation fugitive constituent, the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth produces is horizontally through the heap bed of material, pass with the combustion side of fugitive constituent from the heap bed of material, fugitive constituent is lighted by ignition flame, fugitive constituent burning produces new combustion flame, fixed carbon fuel after the precipitation fugitive constituent of contiguous combustion flame is ignited, contiguous this is heated precipitation fugitive constituent by the solid fuel of the fixed carbon fuel ignited, and so circulates, and the heap bed of material is lighted.
The present invention also provides a kind of combustion method of solid-fuelled burner, the ignition method of above-mentioned solid-fuelled burner is adopted to light the heap bed of material, the wind entering burner hearth is horizontally through the heap bed of material from the inlet side of the heap bed of material, combustion flame is formed at the combustion side of the heap bed of material, along with the carrying out of burning, volume of fuel diminishes and moves down gradually, fresh fuel under gravity automatic makeup is charged on the heap bed of material, fresh fuel is heated precipitation fugitive constituent, wind passes with the combustion side of the fugitive constituent of separating out from the heap bed of material and flows towards combustion chamber, the focus combustion that the burned flame of fugitive constituent produces, enter combustion chamber burning, combustion tail gas is discharged from offgas outlet, meanwhile, the fixed carbon fuel of separating out after fugitive constituent is lighted, and carries out carbon burning, produces new combustion flame, and the ashes that burning produces are discharged by the fire grate bottom the heap bed of material.
Present invention also offers a kind of solid-fuelled burner, this burner comprises burner hearth, with the air inlet be arranged on burner hearth and solid fuel charging aperture, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with the solid-fuelled fire grate accepted and enter from charging aperture, the solid fuel entered from charging aperture forms the heap bed of material extending to fire grate from charging aperture at fire grate, the wherein side of the heap bed of material is formed as the inlet side to heap bed of material air feed, and the heap bed of material opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; Be provided with the combustion chamber being communicated in offgas outlet at combustion side, thus the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth produces enters combustion chamber by inlet side is substantial transverse through passing from combustion side after the heap bed of material, finally discharges from offgas outlet; Wherein, the burner hearth of combustion side is provided with lighting-up tuyere.
Adopt solid-fuelled combustion method of the present invention, burner and ignition method thereof, owing to lighting a fire at the combustion side of the heap bed of material, what ignition flame was positioned at fugitive constituent flows through on path, thus pile the fugitive constituent that first bed of material separates out under the heat effect of ignition flame, lighted through ignition flame; Fugitive constituent burning creates new combustion flame, the more fuel of the heap bed of material is made to be heated precipitation fugitive constituent, more fugitive constituent participates in burning, in burner hearth, temperature is raised rapidly, the heap bed of material is lighted fast, shorten the time required for igniting greatly, effectively overcome or improve existing combustion stove and to light a fire slow problem.
Simultaneously, due in ignition process, ignition flame and the combustion flame produced afterwards are all positioned at the combustion side of the heap bed of material, like this, the fugitive constituent that the heap bed of material is separated out because of heating laterally passes after the heap bed of material enters combustion chamber can be lighted rapidly with primary air, and then achieve lighting in time and Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent, effectively solve or improve the problem of igniting over-emitting black exhaust.
In addition, due to the present invention from heap the bed of material side air intake and the combustion side relative with inlet side arranges combustion chamber, the substantial transverse heap bed of material that passes of primary air is passed from combustion side, forms thermal-flame district at the combustion side of the heap bed of material, thus form side direction combustion system.In combustion process after firing, the fuel fugitive constituent of being separated out by the heating of lower floor fixed carbon fuel flows towards combustion chamber along with air-flow, and lower floor's fixed carbon fuel combustion generation flame also burns towards combustion chamber under air-flow drives, at fugitive constituent through combustion flame, the high temperature that burned flame produces is lighted, thus achieves the Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent.And, because charging aperture of the present invention is arranged on roof of the furnace, the charging of gravity automatic order can be utilized along with the carrying out of burning, burner can be made to be in unattended running status, not only save manpower, and be in dynamic balance state owing to piling the bed of material, the heap bed of material keeps stable windrow shape in combustion, under making the burning of the fixed carbon in burner hearth and fugitive constituent precipitation be in the fired state of continous-stable always, effectively ensure that the Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent, improve efficiency of combustion, achieve the orderly controlled burning of burner.
Further, because the present invention adopts heap bed of material side air intake opposite side to form the side direction combustion system of high temperature combustion zone, combustion flame mainly concentrates on the combustion side side of the heap bed of material, there is not high temperature grate in fire grate position; And along with the carrying out of burning, the fixed carbon fuel of smaller volume progressively moves down, burning time, longer fixed carbon fuel was positioned at more downward position, make the more downward temperature of fixed carbon burning zone of piling material layer lower part lower, the ashes produced that burn also move down in process at fixed carbon fuel, be discharged in the grey room of bottom by bottom fire grate under gravity, thus effectively prevent and melt ash in fire grate position and the problem such as paste fire grate caused, ensure that the continued stable combustion of burner.
In the present invention's optional example, described lighting-up tuyere is arranged on the roof of the furnace of combustion side.
In another optional example, described lighting-up tuyere is arranged on the burner hearth sidewall of combustion side.
In the present invention's optional example, the heap bed of material side that described lighting-up tuyere is adjacent to combustion side is arranged.
In the present invention's optional example, described air inlet is arranged on the roof of the furnace of inlet side.
In the present invention's optional example, described air inlet is arranged on the burner hearth sidewall of inlet side.
In the present invention's optional example, the air inlet on described burner hearth and be formed with air intake passage between burner hearth inlet side, thus by air intake passage, wind is supplied to inlet side.
In the present invention's optional example, on burner hearth sidewall below the fire grate that described air inlet is arranged on inlet side, the choked flow wall stoping air-flow to pass through is provided with between the fire grate and burner hearth bottom of described inlet side, these choked flow wall both sides connect with inboard wall of burner hearth, thus the space between this choked flow wall and inboard wall of burner hearth is formed as described air intake passage.
In the present invention's optional example, the two relative side of the described heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side connects with inboard wall of burner hearth, thus is isolated in inlet side and combustion side.
In the present invention's optional example, the side wall surface of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth above described fire grate between inlet side and combustion side, with the heap two sides of the bed of material between inlet side and combustion side can be formed naturally to stack the gradient consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack inside the gradient, thus make to pile the two side walls of the bed of material between inlet side with combustion side and connect with inboard wall of burner hearth.
Experiment proves, adopt above-mentioned combustion furnace of the present invention, fugitive constituent almost can be completely burned, and the efficiency of combustion of combustion furnace reaches more than 95%, and does not have soot emission, achieves the clean emission of the high solid fuel ignition of volatile content.Combustion furnace of the present invention takes full advantage of the characteristic of gravity and heat transmission, not only can meet the requirement of fuel principle, achieve the automatic order burning of fuel, and structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, easy to use, thus be that solid-fuelled the applying that fugitive constituent is high provides advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the lighting-up tuyere of burner of the present invention is positioned at roof of the furnace;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the air inlet of burner of the present invention is arranged at burner hearth sidewall;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the lighting-up tuyere of burner of the present invention is positioned at burner hearth sidewall;
Fig. 4 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the air inlet of burner of the present invention is arranged on burner hearth sidewall;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation that burner of the present invention has air intake passage;
Fig. 7 is the another kind of structural representation of burner air intake passage of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the B-B sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2.
Figure number illustrates:
Burner 100; Heat-exchanger rig 200; Tail gas outlet 201;
Burner hearth 10; Inlet side 101; Combustion side 102; Side wall surface 103,104;
The heap bed of material 1; Two relative side 161,162; Naturally the gradient 16 is stacked; Charging aperture 11; Air inlet 12; Fire grate 14; Feed hopper 15;
Combustion chamber 3; Combustion chamber outlet 31;
Ash room 4;
Solid fuel 5; Fugitive constituent 51; Separate out the fixed carbon fuel 52 after fugitive constituent; Ashes 53;
Lighting-up tuyere 6; Lid 61;
Air intake passage 7; Choked flow wall 71.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of ignition method of solid-fuelled burner, as shown in Figures 1 to 8, this burner comprises burner hearth 10, burner hearth 10 is provided with solid fuel charging aperture 11 and air inlet 12, charging aperture 11 is located at burner hearth 10 top, in burner hearth 10, corresponding charging aperture 11 is provided with the solid-fuelled fire grate 14 accepted and enter from charging aperture 11, the fuel entered from charging aperture 11 forms the heap bed of material 1 being extended to fire grate 14 by charging aperture 11 at fire grate 14, the inlet side 101 to the heap bed of material 1 air feed is formed as in the wherein side of the heap bed of material 1, the heap bed of material 1 opposite side relative with this inlet side 101 is formed as combustion side 102, the combustion chamber 3 be communicated with offgas outlet 201 is provided with at combustion side 102.During igniting, light a fire from the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, the solid fuel 5 of contiguous ignition flame is separated out fugitive constituent 51 by heating, the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth 10 produces is laterally across the heap bed of material 1, and pass with the combustion side 102 of fugitive constituent 51 from the heap bed of material 1, fugitive constituent 51 is lighted by ignition flame, fugitive constituent 51 burns and produces new combustion flame, solid after the precipitation fugitive constituent of this combustion flame contiguous is determined carbon fuel 52 and is ignited, contiguous this is separated out fugitive constituent 51 by the solid fuel 5 of the fixed carbon fuel 52 ignited by heating, circulation like this, the heap bed of material 1 is lighted.
The invention allows for a kind of combustion method of solid-fuelled burner, as shown in Figures 1 to 8, the ignition method of above-mentioned solid-fuelled burner is adopted to light the heap bed of material 1, the wind entering burner hearth 10 is horizontally through the heap bed of material 1 from the inlet side 101 of the heap bed of material 1, combustion flame is formed at the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, along with the carrying out of burning, volume of fuel diminishes and moves down gradually, fresh fuel under gravity automatic makeup is charged on the heap bed of material 1, fugitive constituent 51 is separated out by heating, wind passes with the combustion side 102 of the fugitive constituent 51 of separating out from the heap bed of material 1 and flows towards combustion chamber 3, fugitive constituent 51 is lighted by the combustion flame burnt towards combustion chamber 3, enter combustion chamber 3 to burn, combustion tail gas is discharged from offgas outlet 201, meanwhile, the fixed carbon fuel 52 of separating out after fugitive constituent 51 is lighted, and carries out carbon burning, produce new combustion flame, the ashes 53 that the afterburnt produces are discharged, along with the carrying out of burning by the fire grate 14 bottom the heap bed of material 1, fresh fuel is constantly complemented on the heap bed of material 1, forms burn cycle.
The invention provides a kind of solid-fuelled burner 100.As shown in Figures 1 to 8, this burner 100 comprises burner hearth 10, this burner hearth 10 is provided with the air inlet 12 of air feed in burner hearth, at burner hearth 10 top, there is solid fuel charging aperture 11, in burner hearth 10, corresponding described charging aperture 11 is provided with the fire grate 14 accepting the solid fuel 5 entered from charging aperture 11, solid fuel 5 forms the heap bed of material 1 being extended to fire grate 14 by charging aperture 11 between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 14, the wherein side of this heap bed of material 1 is formed as inlet side 101, and the heap bed of material 1 opposite side relative with this inlet side 101 is formed as combustion side 102; Be formed with conducting in the combustion chamber 3 of offgas outlet 201 at combustion side 102, thus the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth 10 produces enters combustion chamber 3 by inlet side 101 is substantial transverse through passing from combustion side 102 after the heap bed of material 1, finally discharges from offgas outlet 201; The burner hearth 10 of combustion side 102 is provided with lighting-up tuyere 6.
In the present invention, the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth 10 produces refers to the main air-flow that wind produces, this air-flow is substantial transverse from the inlet side 101 of stockpiling area 1 to be passed from combustion side 102 through stockpiling area 1, the wind entering burner hearth 10 in combustion mainly produces the air-flow being horizontally through stockpiling area 1, bottom stockpiling area 1, fire grate 14 position does not almost have air-flow to pass or have faint air-flow to pass from bottom fire grate 14, as long as this faint air-flow does not affect main stream direction, would not have an impact to the effect of burner of the present invention, as long as namely burner of the present invention can to ensure in combustion process that main stream direction enters from the heap bed of material 1 inlet side 101 and pass from combustion side 102 substantial transversely to form side direction combustion system through the heap bed of material 1 and namely belong to scope of the present invention.
The heap bed of material 1 in the present invention refers to the stockpile that solid fuel is formed between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 14.This heap bed of material 1 in combustion, the fuel that upper strata newly enters first is heated to fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature and separates out fugitive constituent, lighted subsequently and be fixed carbon burning, along with the volume of fuel that carries out of burning diminishes and moves down gradually, the ashes 53 that the afterburnt produces are discharged by fire grate 14; Meanwhile, fresh fuel under gravity automatic makeup is charged on the heap bed of material 1, and so circulate, the heap bed of material 1 between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 14 is in dynamic balance state in combustion, keeps stable windrow shape.
Adopt solid-fuelled combustion method of the present invention, burner and ignition method thereof, owing to lighting a fire at the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, what ignition flame was positioned at fugitive constituent 51 flows through on path, thus pile the fugitive constituent 51 that first bed of material 1 separates out under the heat effect of ignition flame, lighted through ignition flame; Fugitive constituent 51 burning creates new combustion flame, the more fuel of the heap bed of material 1 is heated and separates out fugitive constituent 51, more fugitive constituent 51 participates in burning, in burner hearth, temperature is raised rapidly, the heap bed of material 1 is lighted fast, shorten the time required for igniting greatly, effectively overcome or improve existing combustion stove and to light a fire slow problem.
Simultaneously, due in ignition process, ignition flame and the combustion flame produced afterwards are all positioned at the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, like this, the fugitive constituent 51 that the heap bed of material 1 is separated out because of heating laterally passes after the heap bed of material 1 enters combustion chamber can be lighted rapidly with primary air, and then achieve lighting in time and Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent, effectively solve or improve the problem of igniting over-emitting black exhaust.
In addition, the present invention from heap the bed of material 1 side air intake and at the combustion side 102 relative with inlet side 101, combustion chamber 3 is set, the substantial transverse heap bed of material 1 that passes of primary air is passed from combustion side 102, forms thermal-flame district at the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, thus form side direction combustion system.This side direction combustion system, in combustion process after firing, fuel is heated precipitation fugitive constituent 51 by lower floor's fixed carbon fuel 52 flows towards combustion chamber 3 along with air-flow, and lower floor's fixed carbon fuel 52 burning generation flame also burns towards combustion chamber 3 under air-flow drives, at fugitive constituent 51 through combustion flame, the high temperature that burned flame produces is lighted, thus achieves the Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent.And, because charging aperture 11 of the present invention is arranged on roof of the furnace, the charging of gravity automatic order can be utilized along with the carrying out of burning, burner can be made to be in unattended running status, not only save manpower, and be in dynamic balance state owing to piling the bed of material 1, the heap bed of material 1 keeps stable windrow shape in combustion, under making the burning of the fixed carbon in burner hearth 10 and fugitive constituent precipitation be in the fired state of continous-stable always, effectively ensure that the Thorough combustion of fugitive constituent, improve efficiency of combustion, achieve the orderly controlled burning of burner.
Further, because the present invention adopts side direction combustion system, combustion flame mainly concentrates on the side of the heap bed of material 1, there is not high temperature grate in fire grate 14 position; And along with the carrying out of burning, the fixed carbon fuel of smaller volume progressively moves down, burning time, longer fixed carbon fuel was positioned at more downward position, make the more downward temperature of fixed carbon burning zone of piling the bed of material 1 bottom lower, the ashes 53 produced that burn also move down in process at fixed carbon fuel 52, be discharged in the grey room 4 of bottom by bottom fire grate 14 under gravity, thus effectively prevent and melt ash in fire grate position and the problem such as paste fire grate caused, ensure that the continued stable combustion of burner.
In the present invention, can carry out lighting a fire at the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1 as long as the position of lighting-up tuyere 6 is arranged, its concrete setting position can not limit.
In an optional example of lighting-up tuyere 6, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, lighting-up tuyere 6 is arranged on the roof of the furnace of combustion side 102.During igniting, send in burner hearth 10 by the lighting-up tuyere 6 of roof of the furnace by kindling material, this kindling material ignites from the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1 and piles the bed of material 1.
In another optional example of lighting-up tuyere 6, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, lighting-up tuyere 6 can be arranged on the burner hearth sidewall of combustion side 102.Like this, during igniting, extend into kindling material by the lighting-up tuyere 6 on burner hearth sidewall or throw into the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, thus light the heap bed of material 1 from combustion side.
Kindling material for lighting a fire in the present invention can be the combustibles (paper such as burnt, charcoal, batten, stalk, maize skin etc.) lighted, also can be electric igniter or gas igniter, certain kindling material also can be other forms that those skilled in the art are familiar with, as long as can produce ignition flame at combustion side 102, concrete form can not limit.
In a preferred example of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, lighting-up tuyere 6 can be adjacent to the heap bed of material 1 side setting of combustion side 102.Like this, the kindling material putting into combustion side 102 more easily touches the solid fuel of the heap bed of material 1, thus is convenient to the heap bed of material 1 to light.
Lighting-up tuyere 6 can being provided with the lid 61 that can open and close, as shown in Figure 2, namely by covering 61, lighting-up tuyere 6 being closed after igniting completes.In combustion, when needing to observe the combustion case in burner hearth 10, again lid 61 can be opened, observing the combustion case in burner hearth 10 by lighting-up tuyere 6, lighting-up tuyere 6 is used as peep hole.
In invention, as shown in Figure 1, 2, charging aperture 11 can be provided with feed hopper 15, be beneficial to stockpiling area 1 charging.
In the present invention, air inlet 12 can be arranged on the sidewall of burner hearth 10 as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, also as shown in Figure 1, can be arranged at the top of burner hearth 10.Certainly, be not limited to the mode shown in figure, as long as can from the inlet side 101 of the heap bed of material 1 to piling the bed of material 1 air feed thus forming the substantial transverse primary air through the heap bed of material, its concrete setting position can not limit.
Wind directly can be supplied to the inlet side 101 of the heap bed of material 1 by this air inlet 12, thus to piling the side of the bed of material 1 to the heap bed of material 1 air feed.As shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, in an optional example, the air inlet 12 on burner hearth 10 and air intake passage 7 can be formed with between the inlet side 101 of piling the bed of material 1 side air feed, thus by air intake passage 7, wind is supplied to inlet side 101.For this mode of being blown by air intake passage 7, arranging of this charging aperture 12 is unrestricted.Such as, in a concrete example, shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, this air inlet 12 even can be arranged on the sidewall of the burner hearth 10 below the fire grate of inlet side 101, the choked flow wall 71 stoping air-flow to pass through is provided with between bottom the fire grate 14 and burner hearth 10 of inlet side 101, choked flow wall 71 both sides connect with the inwall of burner hearth 10, thus the space between this choked flow wall 71 and burner hearth 10 inwall is formed as air intake passage 7.Like this, the wind entered from air inlet 12 enters into the side of piling the bed of material 1 via the air intake passage 7 formed between choked flow wall 71 and inboard wall of burner hearth, thus from inlet side 101 to the air feed of the heap bed of material 1.
As shown in Figure 8, in an optional example of the present invention, the heap two relative side 161,162 of the bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 can connect with inboard wall of burner hearth, to be kept apart by piling the bed of material 1 in the space of inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 by the burner hearth above fire grate 14.Like this, the air-flow that the wind entering inlet side 101 produces can only could arrive combustion side 102 through the heap bed of material 1, avoids wind and passes through outside the heap bed of material 1 and flog a dead horse, ensure that the effective supply of the wind through the heap bed of material 1.
In an optional example, as shown in Figure 8, the side wall surface 103,104 of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth 10 above fire grate 14 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102, with the heap two sides 161,162 of the bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 can be formed naturally to stack the gradient 16 consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack inside the gradient 16, thus make to pile the two side walls 103,104 of the bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 with combustion side 102 and connect with inboard wall of burner hearth.The shape of the side wall surface 103,104 of the two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth 10 above this fire grate 14 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 can be arranged as required, only otherwise exceeding nature stacks outside the gradient 16, the two side walls 103,104 of piling the bed of material 1 can be made to connect with burner hearth sidewall face 103,104, and its concrete shape can not limit.
In the present invention, combustion chamber 3 is connected with heat-exchanger rig 200, with the heat utilizing combustion chamber 3 burning to produce.This heat-exchanger rig 200 can be the heat exchanger, a heatable brick bed, cooker, water jacket etc. of heating.
Experiment proves, adopt combustion method and the burner of above-mentioned side direction combustion system of the present invention, fugitive constituent almost can burn completely, and efficiency of combustion is up to more than 95%, and there is no soot emission, achieve the clean emission of the high solid fuel ignition of volatile content.The present invention takes full advantage of the characteristic of gravity and heat transmission, and achieve the automatic order burning of fuel, structure is simple, and low cost of manufacture, easy to use, solid-fuelled apply high for fugitive constituent provides advantage.
Foregoing description of the present invention is only exemplary attribute, and the various distortion that so there is no depart from main idea of the present invention ought to be within the scope of the present invention.These distortion should not be regarded as departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. the ignition method of a solid-fuelled burner, this burner comprises burner hearth, burner hearth is provided with air inlet and solid fuel charging aperture, it is characterized in that, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with the solid-fuelled fire grate accepted and enter from charging aperture, the fuel entered from charging aperture forms the heap bed of material at fire grate, the wherein side of the heap bed of material is formed as the inlet side to heap bed of material air feed, and the heap bed of material opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; The combustion chamber being communicated in offgas outlet is provided with at combustion side;
Wherein, during igniting, from the combustion side igniting of the heap bed of material, the solid fuel of contiguous ignition flame is heated precipitation fugitive constituent, the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth produces is horizontally through the heap bed of material, pass with the combustion side of fugitive constituent from the heap bed of material, fugitive constituent is lighted by ignition flame, fugitive constituent burning produces new combustion flame, fixed carbon fuel after the precipitation fugitive constituent of contiguous combustion flame is ignited, contiguous this is heated precipitation fugitive constituent by the solid fuel of the fixed carbon fuel ignited, and so circulates, and the heap bed of material is lighted.
2. the combustion method of a solid-fuelled burner, it is characterized in that, the ignition method of solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1 is adopted to light the heap bed of material, the wind entering burner hearth is horizontally through the heap bed of material from the inlet side of the heap bed of material, combustion flame is formed at the combustion side of the heap bed of material, along with the carrying out of burning, volume of fuel diminishes and moves down gradually, fresh fuel under gravity automatic makeup is charged on the heap bed of material, fresh fuel is heated precipitation fugitive constituent, wind passes with the combustion side of the fugitive constituent of separating out from the heap bed of material and flows towards combustion chamber, the focus combustion that the burned flame of fugitive constituent produces, enter combustion chamber burning, combustion tail gas is discharged from offgas outlet, meanwhile, the fixed carbon fuel of separating out after fugitive constituent is lighted, and carries out carbon burning, produces new combustion flame, and the ashes that burning produces are discharged by the fire grate bottom the heap bed of material.
3. a solid-fuelled burner, this burner comprises burner hearth, with the air inlet be arranged on burner hearth and solid fuel charging aperture, it is characterized in that, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with the solid-fuelled fire grate accepted and enter from charging aperture, the solid fuel entered from charging aperture forms the heap bed of material extending to fire grate from charging aperture at fire grate, the wherein side of the heap bed of material is formed as the inlet side to heap bed of material air feed, and the heap bed of material opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; Be provided with the combustion chamber being communicated in offgas outlet at combustion side, thus the primary air that the wind entering burner hearth produces enters combustion chamber by inlet side is substantial transverse through passing from combustion side after the heap bed of material, finally discharges from offgas outlet; Wherein, the burner hearth of combustion side is provided with lighting-up tuyere.
4. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described lighting-up tuyere is arranged on the roof of the furnace of combustion side.
5. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described lighting-up tuyere is arranged on the burner hearth sidewall of combustion side.
6. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the heap bed of material side that described lighting-up tuyere is adjacent to combustion side is arranged.
7. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described air inlet is arranged on the roof of the furnace of inlet side.
8. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described air inlet is arranged on the burner hearth sidewall of inlet side.
9. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the air inlet on described burner hearth and be formed with air intake passage between burner hearth inlet side, thus by air intake passage, wind is supplied to inlet side.
10. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, on burner hearth sidewall below the fire grate that described air inlet is arranged on inlet side, the choked flow wall stoping air-flow to pass through is provided with between the fire grate and burner hearth bottom of described inlet side, these choked flow wall both sides connect with inboard wall of burner hearth, thus the space between this choked flow wall and inboard wall of burner hearth is formed as described air intake passage.
11. solid-fuelled burners as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the two relative side of the described heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side connects with inboard wall of burner hearth, thus is isolated in inlet side and combustion side.
12. solid-fuelled burners as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that, the side wall surface of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth above described fire grate between inlet side and combustion side, with the heap two sides of the bed of material between inlet side and combustion side can be formed naturally to stack the gradient consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack inside the gradient, thus make to pile the two side walls of the bed of material between inlet side with combustion side and connect with inboard wall of burner hearth.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410220550.4A CN105090936A (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Combustion method and device for solid fuel and ignition method of combustion device |
| PCT/CN2015/078864 WO2015176619A1 (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2015-05-13 | Solid fuel combustion method, combustion device, and ignition method therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410220550.4A CN105090936A (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Combustion method and device for solid fuel and ignition method of combustion device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105090936A true CN105090936A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410220550.4A Pending CN105090936A (en) | 2014-05-23 | 2014-05-23 | Combustion method and device for solid fuel and ignition method of combustion device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105090936A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015176619A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2695010A (en) * | 1950-02-02 | 1954-11-23 | Directie Staatsmijnen Nl | Furnace for burning solid fuels |
| JPS5833004A (en) * | 1981-08-21 | 1983-02-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Combustion device for solid fuel |
| CN201129721Y (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-10-08 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion furnace |
| CN202024316U (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-11-02 | 朱军 | Upper fuel stored type vaporizing combustion boiler device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH201567A (en) * | 1937-12-02 | 1938-12-15 | Verwo Ag | Combustion system for burning wood, coal, etc. |
| CN203731385U (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-07-23 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel burning device |
| CN203731384U (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-07-23 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel burning device |
| CN203703948U (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-07-09 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion device |
| CN203731383U (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-07-23 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel burning device |
| CN203744228U (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-30 | 车战斌 | Combustion device consuming solid fuel |
-
2014
- 2014-05-23 CN CN201410220550.4A patent/CN105090936A/en active Pending
-
2015
- 2015-05-13 WO PCT/CN2015/078864 patent/WO2015176619A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2695010A (en) * | 1950-02-02 | 1954-11-23 | Directie Staatsmijnen Nl | Furnace for burning solid fuels |
| JPS5833004A (en) * | 1981-08-21 | 1983-02-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Combustion device for solid fuel |
| CN201129721Y (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2008-10-08 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion furnace |
| CN202024316U (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-11-02 | 朱军 | Upper fuel stored type vaporizing combustion boiler device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015176619A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |