CN203744228U - Combustion device consuming solid fuel - Google Patents
Combustion device consuming solid fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN203744228U CN203744228U CN201420136232.5U CN201420136232U CN203744228U CN 203744228 U CN203744228 U CN 203744228U CN 201420136232 U CN201420136232 U CN 201420136232U CN 203744228 U CN203744228 U CN 203744228U
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Abstract
A combustion device consuming solid fuel comprises a hearth. The hearth is provided with an air inlet and a solid fuel feeding port. The solid fuel feeding port is formed in the top of the hearth. A fire grate for receiving the solid fuel fed in from the feeding port is arranged on the portion, corresponding to the feeding port, in the hearth. The portion, on the feeding side and above the fire grate, of the hearth forms an air inlet side, and the side, opposite to the air inlet side, of the hearth forms a combustion side. A combustion chamber is formed in the combustion side and communicated with a tail gas outlet. The fire grate is provided with a gap structure used for discharging ash, and a closing section for preventing airflow from passing through is formed between at least the edge, on the air inlet side, of the gap structure of the fire grate and the inner wall of the hearth. By means of the combustion device consuming the solid fuel, basically all air on the air inlet side can enter the combustion side after flowing through a material layer, and the combustion supporting efficiency of the air is utilized to the maximum degree.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to solid fuel ignition field, specifically, has about the solid-fuelled burner of one.
Background technology
From fuel grade angle, solid fuel, because of aboundresources, use safety, is the most widely used a kind of incendiary material, particularly coal of modern humans.In addition, along with the increase of the demand of the mineral solids fuel taking coal as representative, the minimizing of resource, and the expansion of global new forms of energy motion, reproducible biomass combustion material, as straw, straw, timber, wood chip, deadwood etc. obtain people's great attention.
The direct ignition combustion of major way that uses at present biomass combustion material, this mode efficiency of combustion is very low, and produces a large amount of black smokes, causes environmental pollution.
All the time, a lot of people attempt to adopt existing coal stove to carry out firing biomass fuel.Because the combustion characteristics of biomass combustion material and the higher mineral matter incendiary material of fixed carbon content has larger difference, existing combustion stove can not adapt to the solid-fuelled burning being made up of reproducible biological material, cause efficiency of combustion low, there is the problems such as exhaust emission, thereby restricted the application of biomass combustion material.In addition, a large amount of coals that use are all the high-rank coal that fixed carbon content is higher, such as anthracite, bituminous coal etc. now, some grizzles, such as brown coal, mud coal etc., utilize existing burner, exist too efficiency of combustion low, the problems such as over-emitting black exhaust, are not therefore also used widely at present.
The utility model people finds after scrutinizing, biomass combustion material such as, with grizzle (brown coal, mud coal etc.) compared with high-rank coal, main difference is that the fixed carbon content very high (generally more than 90%) of high-rank coal is therefore mainly fixed carbon combustion system in the time of burning; And the fixed carbon content of biomass combustion material and grizzle is lower, and volatile content higher (probably at 50%-70%)., mainly there are two features: 1) fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature is lower than fugitive constituent burning-point in the solid fuel that this volatile content is high; 2) burning-point of fugitive constituent is higher than ash fusion point.
Current combustion furnace is generally divided into two kinds of forward combustion stove and trans combustion furnaces, because biomass fuel and grizzle exist These characteristics, adopts these two kinds of combustion furnaces all cannot realize lasting efficient burning.
In the time adopting existing forward combustion stove burning, there are the following problems:
1) efficiency of combustion is low.In the time of burning, because the Precipitation Temperature of fugitive constituent is lower than the burning-point of fugitive constituent, first fugitive constituent is separated out and is discharged in air in the mode of black smoke, remaining fixed carbon part is burnt again, the heat that has so only utilized fixed carbon burning wherein to produce, not only efficiency of combustion is lower, and has exhaust emission.
2) can not sustained combustion.Existing burner is generally by fire grate air intake, make the solid fuel on fire grate carry out high-temp combustion, because ash fusion point is lower than the burning-point of fugitive constituent and fixed carbon, under the hot environment that fixed carbon burns on fire grate, ashes after burning are in being thick molten condition, can stick with paste on fire grate, cannot for example, normally discharge by fire grate or other ash exhauster (gray moving rod), these thick ashes are blended in the fuel burning, have greatly affected the efficiency of combustion of fuel.And these thick ashes are bonded on fire grate, stop up the air intake passage on fire grate, after a period of time, fire grate can be stuck with paste extremely, combustion furnace cannot be worked on.
The feature of trans combustion furnace is that crater, lower than fire grate, makes the flame of burning generation oppositely by arriving crater after fire grate again.This combustion system is compared with forward combustion, and the fugitive constituent of separating out can be by flame ignition when by fire grate, and efficiency of combustion is improved.But because thermal-flame is positioned at fire grate position, this also makes the temperature of fire grate position very high, under hot environment, ashes after burning are in being thick molten condition, can stick with paste on fire grate, stop up the gas channel of fire grate, fire grate will soon have been stuck with paste extremely, combustion furnace cannot be worked on.
The patent No. is that 01220213695.8 Chinese utility model patent has proposed one and can be used for the clean-burning hot-blast stove 900 of the clean-burning multiple spot air distribution of various solid combustibles being burned.As shown in Figure 2, this hot-blast stove comprises body of heater, is respectively equipped with upper combustion chamber 92 and lower combustion chamber 93 in body of heater, and the bottom of upper combustion chamber 92 and lower combustion chamber 93 is respectively equipped with upper furnace grate 94 and lower fire grate 95, the below of lower fire grate 95 is dedusting chamber 96, and the body of heater of lower combustion chamber 93 is provided with outlet flue 98.In upper combustion chamber 92, be provided with top and inboard wall of furnace body is integrated, bottom undergauge is the funnel-form combustion bin 910 of cylinder, the lower port of funnel-form Bunker 910 is positioned on upper furnace grate 94, the center of funnel-form Bunker 910 is longitudinally provided with the cylindric fireworks channel 911 of lower ending opening, between the outer wall of funnel-form Bunker 910 bottoms and the inwall of body of heater 91, be formed with annular upper air duct 912, on the outer wall of funnel-form Bunker 910 bottom cylinders, evenly offer multiple fresh air inlets 913, on the outer wall of body of heater 91, offer two air inlets that are connected with annular passage 914, air inlet 914 places are connected with air duct 915.
This hot-blast stove is attempted by being burned in conjunction with the problem that solves forward combustion and trans burning and exist, but this hot-blast stove 900 is in use, has following defect and cannot continue to use:
1) owing to separating by upper furnace grate 94 between upper combustion chamber 92 and lower combustion chamber 93, in combustion process, the interior unburnt fuel requirement of upper combustion chamber 92 drops into lower combustion chamber 93 and burns away, can not match the speed to lower combustion chamber's 93 blankings by upper furnace grate 94 if fall into the burning velocity of lower combustion chamber's 93 interior unburnt fuel, the unburnt fuel of lower combustion chamber's 93 interior heaps is more and more, after a period of time, outlet flue in lower combustion chamber 93 98 can be blocked, not only cannot burn away, and combustion gas meeting in combustion chamber is emerged from air inlet, may cause security incident.But because the burning velocity of different fuel exists difference, in actual use, being difficult to ensure that above the burning velocity of lower combustion chamber is mated completely, when being used, this hot-blast stove there is hidden danger.
2) fuel burns in upper combustion chamber 92, flame need to enter into lower combustion chamber through upper furnace grate, thereby make the temperature of upper furnace grate position still very high, on upper furnace grate, still have molten grey problem, after burning a period of time, the ashes of upper furnace grate melting are bonded together the fuel on upper furnace grate, cannot be by upper furnace grate to lower combustion chamber's blanking, fuel can only burn in upper combustion chamber, and on upper furnace grate, ashes are finally stuck with paste upper furnace grate completely, thereby causes the hot-blast stove cannot continuous firing.
3) as shown in Figure 2, this hot-blast stove is for improving efficiency of combustion, from a large amount of air distributions of lower fire grate 95 leeward of lower combustion chamber 93 bottoms, cause the excess Temperature of lower fire grate 95 positions, and the ash fusion point of some solid biomass fuels (as stalk) is lower, thereby make this hot-blast stove produce and melt grey phenomenon in the time of burning solid biomass fuel, the molten condition of ash in thickness that burning is produced, and on bonding lower fire grate 95.Like this after this hot-blast stove work a period of time, the gap of lower fire grate 95 is melted ash and is pasted over, effectively ash discharge, thus cause this hot-blast stove cannot continuous firing.
Therefore, be necessary the solid fuel combustion furnace of solid fuel (for example biomass fuel) burning that provides a kind of applicable volatile content high, overcome the above-mentioned defect that existing combustion furnace exists, realize solid-fuelled orderly controlled burning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is, a kind of solid-fuelled burner is provided, and not only can make the fugitive constituent in solid fuel fully burn, and has solved molten grey problem, has ensured the sustained combustion of fuel.
A utility model again object is, a kind of solid-fuelled burner is provided, avoid the combustion-supporting gas that enters burner hearth to penetrate the heap bed of material edge or the thin location that are positioned at poke grate top as far as possible, enter combustion chamber through fire grate, the combustion-supporting gas of guaranteeing inlet side laterally enters combustion chamber from fire grate top, to realize best combustion efficiency.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides one to comprise burner hearth, on burner hearth, be provided with air inlet and solid fuel charging aperture, it is characterized in that, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with and accepts the solid-fuelled fire grate entering from charging aperture, and the fire grate top burner hearth of charging aperture one side is formed as inlet side, and the burner hearth of the charging aperture opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; Be formed with conducting in the combustion chamber of tail gas outlet at described combustion side; Wherein said fire grate has the gap structure for ash discharge, between at least described fire grate ash discharge gap structure edge in inlet side and inboard wall of burner hearth, is provided with the closed section that stops air-flow to pass through.
The operation principle of burner of the present utility model is that the fuel entering from charging aperture drops on fire grate and forms the heap bed of material, makes this heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side; In the time of burning, light this heap bed of material, from the inlet side air intake of the heap bed of material, wind is horizontally through the heap bed of material, pass from the combustion side of the heap bed of material, combustion flame burns towards combustion chamber, and fuel moves down gradually along with smaller volume, fresh fuel automatic makeup under Action of Gravity Field is charged on the heap bed of material, after being heated, separates out fugitive constituent; Wind passes and flows towards combustion chamber from the combustion side of the heap bed of material with the fugitive constituent of separating out, and the combustion flame that fugitive constituent is burnt towards combustion chamber is lighted, and enters combustion chamber burning, and combustion tail gas is discharged from tail gas outlet; Meanwhile, the fixed carbon fuel of separating out after fugitive constituent is lighted, and is fixed carbon burning, produce new combustion flame, the ashes that the afterburnt produces are discharged by the fire grate of heap bed of material bottom, along with the carrying out of burning, fresh fuel constantly on the supplementary heap bed of material, forms burn cycle.
Due in combustion process, separate out fugitive constituent and be fixed carbon burning all at the heap bed of material at fuel, along with the carrying out of burning, fuel is separated out smaller volume after fugitive constituent, under Action of Gravity Field, automatically move down, and lighted by lower floor's combustion flame gradually, fresh fuel is added into the heap bed of material from charging aperture automatically, the fixed carbon of lower-layer fuel burns again for upper strata fresh fuel fugitive constituent is separated out the heat that provides required, the supplementary speed of fresh fuel depends on the burning velocity of lower-layer fuel, thereby naturally having realized upper strata fugitive constituent separates out and the mating of fixed carbon fuel combustion speed, efficiently solve existing hot-blast stove and do not mate the security hidden trouble existing because of burning velocity.
Meanwhile, in combustion process, the fuel that newly adds to the heap bed of material is heated the fugitive constituent of being separated out along with air-flow flows towards combustion chamber by lower floor's fixed carbon fuel, and lower floor's fixed carbon fuel combustion generation flame also burns towards combustion chamber under air-flow drives.In the time of fugitive constituent process combustion flame, the high temperature that burned flame produces is lighted, thereby has realized the abundant burning of fugitive constituent.And, due to burner of the present utility model can be along with burning utilize the charging of gravity automatic order, can make combustion furnace in unattended running status, not only save manpower, and because the heap bed of material is in dynamic balance state, fixed carbon burning and fugitive constituent are separated out always under the fired state in continous-stable, effectively ensure the abundant burning of fugitive constituent, improve efficiency of combustion, realized the orderly controlled burning of combustion furnace.
In addition, because the utility model is from a side air intake of the heap bed of material, at the heap bed of material combustion side relative with inlet side, combustion chamber is set.Like this, under the drive of air-flow, the thermal-flame of lower floor's fixed carbon burning passes from the combustion side of the heap bed of material, form thermal-flame district at combustion side, for providing, fugitive constituent lights required hot environment, and the heap bed of material does not almost have air-flow to pass through in fire grate position, bottom, thereby there is not high temperature grate in fire grate position, bottom.And, along with the carrying out of burning, the fixed carbon fuel of smaller volume progressively moves down, burning time, longer fixed carbon fuel was positioned at more downward position, make the more downward temperature of fixed carbon burning zone of bottom lower, the ashes that burning produces also move down in process at fixed carbon fuel, under Action of Gravity Field, are discharged in the grey chamber of bottom by bottom fire grate, efficiently solve the molten grey problem that existing combustion furnace exists, ensured the continual and steady burning of combustion furnace.
In addition, in the utility model, be provided with the closed section that stops air-flow to pass through between the gap structure edge of the fire grate of inlet side and inboard wall of burner hearth, this closed section stops the air-flow from inlet side effectively, makes it to tap into into combustion side from this position straight.Therefore, even if it is thinner that inlet side is positioned at the thickness of feed layer of edge of the heap bed of material of fire grate top, or be under the state without fuel, the wind that inlet side enters still can not see through fire grate and directly enter combustion side from this position, thereby ensure that the wind of inlet side, substantially all through entering combustion side after the bed of material, has maximally utilised the combustion-supporting efficiency of wind.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described closed section be horizontally disposed with or by with the downward-sloping setting in junction of inboard wall of burner hearth.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described closed section is made up of block piece, and a side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of this block piece join, and block grate edge.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described block piece is made up of catch or block.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described closed section is made up of the support portion that is convexly set in inboard wall of burner hearth, and described grate edge is supported on described support portion.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described closed section is made up of one section of marginal portion outside grate opening structure.
In an optional example of the present utility model, two relative side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of described fire grate between inlet side and combustion side joins.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described solid fuel is formed with the heap bed of material between charging aperture and fire grate, two relative side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of this heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side joins, thereby by this heap bed of material, inlet side and combustion side kept apart.
In an optional example of the present utility model, the side wall surface of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth of described fire grate top between inlet side and combustion side, can form with the two sides of the heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side naturally to stack the gradient consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack inside the gradient, join thereby make to pile two sides and the inboard wall of burner hearth of the bed of material between inlet side and combustion side.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described fire grate has interval at a lateral edges and the inboard wall of burner hearth of combustion chamber.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described combustion chamber has two or more.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described combustion chamber is connected in heat-exchanger rig.
The results showed, in the utility model, the wind being entered by inlet side substantially all by fire grate top through the heap bed of material laggard enter combustion side.Therefore, even if it is thinner that inlet side is positioned at the thickness of feed layer of edge of the heap bed of material of fire grate top, or under the state without fuel, it is thinner that the wind entering from inlet side can not see through this thickness of feed layer, or the fire grate in the edge without fuel directly enters combustion side, thereby ensure that the wind of inlet side, substantially all through entering combustion side after the bed of material, has maximally utilised the combustion-supporting efficiency of wind.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only embodiment more of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing being burned hot-blast stove;
Fig. 2 is structure and the theory of combustion schematic diagram of the utility model burner;
Fig. 3 is inlet side and the combustion side burner hearth sidewall cross-sectional side structural representation of the utility model burner;
Fig. 4 is B portion structure enlarged diagram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the A-A section of Fig. 2 of the utility model burner;
Fig. 6 is the second embodiment schematic diagram of the closed section of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Fig. 7 is the third embodiment schematic diagram of the closed section of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Fig. 8 is the 4th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Fig. 9 is the 5th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 10 is the 6th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 11 is the 7th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 12 is the 8th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 13 is the 9th kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 14 is the tenth kind of embodiment schematic diagram of the B portion structure of the utility model burner;
Figure 15 is the structural representation that burner of the present utility model has two combustion chambers.
Figure number explanation:
Burner 100; Heat-exchanger rig 200; Tail gas outlet 201;
Burner hearth 10; Inlet side 101; Combustion side 102; Inlet side inboard wall of burner hearth 103,104;
The heap bed of material 1; Two relative side 161,162; Naturally stack the gradient 16; Charging aperture 11; Air inlet 12; Sidewall 13; Opening 132; Feed hopper 15;
Combustion chamber 3; Combustion chamber outlet 31; Ash chamber 32;
Fire grate 4; Closed section 41; Ash discharge gap structure 42; Block piece 43; Barrier support 44
The horizontal closed section 411 that grate edge forms; The downward-sloping closed section 412 that grate edge forms;
Horizontal barrier sheet 431; Inclined stopper 432 dips down; With the one-body molded horizontal barrier support 441 of burner hearth; With the one-body molded triangle barrier support 442 of burner hearth; Gusseted stopper 443;
Solid fuel 5; Fugitive constituent 51; Separate out the fixed carbon fuel 52 after fugitive constituent; Ashes 53.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work, and the every other embodiment obtaining under the prerequisite of contribution belongs to the scope that the utility model is protected.
The utility model provides a kind of solid-fuelled burner 100.As shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 15, this burner 100 comprises burner hearth 10, on burner hearth 10, be provided with air inlet 12 and solid fuel charging aperture 11, described charging aperture 11 is located at burner hearth 10 tops, be provided with at the described charging aperture 11 of the interior correspondence of burner hearth 10 fire grate 4 of accepting the solid fuel 5 entering from charging aperture 11, above the fire grate 4 of charging aperture 11 1 sides, burner hearth is formed as the inlet side 101 by air inlet 12 air feeds, and the burner hearth 10 of charging aperture 11 opposite sides relative with this inlet side 101 is formed as producing the combustion side 102 of combustion flame; Be formed with conducting in the combustion chamber 3 of tail gas outlet 201 at described combustion side 102; Wherein said fire grate 4 has the gap structure 42 for ash discharge, between ash discharge gap structure 42 edges of at least described fire grate 4 in inlet side 101 and burner hearth 10 inwalls, is provided with the closed section 41 that stops air-flow to pass through.
Operation principle of the present utility model is, as shown in Fig. 2 to Figure 15, solid fuel 5 is provided with charging aperture 11 by burner hearth 10 tops and enters in burner hearth 10, on fire grate 4, form the heap bed of material 1, the burner hearth 10 of these fire grate 4 tops is formed as inlet side 101 in a side of the heap bed of material 1, and the burner hearth of the heap bed of material 1 opposite side relative with this inlet side 101 is formed as combustion side 102.This heap bed of material 1 is kept apart inlet side 101 and combustion side 102, is made up of the slider of inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 this heap bed of material 1; Combustion side 102 is provided with the combustion chamber 3 that is communicated in tail gas outlet 201.When burning, light this heap bed of material 1, from inlet side 101 air intakes of the heap bed of material 1, wind is horizontally through the heap bed of material 1, pass from the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1, wind burns towards combustion chamber 3 with combustion flame, fuel moves down gradually along with smaller volume, fresh fuel automatic makeup under Action of Gravity Field is charged on the heap bed of material 1, the heated fugitive constituent 51 of separating out, wind passes and flows towards combustion chamber 3 from the combustion side 102 of the heap bed of material 1 with the fugitive constituent 51 of separating out, fugitive constituent 51 is lighted by the combustion flame burning towards combustion chamber 3, entering combustion chamber 3 burns, combustion tail gas is discharged from tail gas outlet 201, meanwhile, the fixed carbon fuel 52 of separating out after fugitive constituent 51 is lighted, and carries out carbon burning, produce new combustion flame, the ashes 53 that the afterburnt produces are discharged by the fire grate 4 of the heap bed of material 1 bottom, along with the carrying out of burning, fresh fuel constantly on the supplementary heap bed of material 1, forms burn cycle.
In the utility model, between ash discharge gap structure 42 edges of the fire grate 4 of inlet side 101 and burner hearth 10 inwalls, be provided with closed section 41.This closed section 41 will stop effectively from the air-flow of inlet side 101, makes it to tap into into combustion side 103 from this position straight.Therefore, thinner even if inlet side 101 is positioned at the thickness of feed layer at grate edge 42 places of fire grate 4 tops, or be under the state without fuel, the wind that inlet side 101 enters can not directly enter combustion side 102 from the thinner grate edge 42 of this bed of material; Thereby ensure that the wind of inlet side 101, substantially all through entering combustion side 102 after the heap bed of material 1, has maximally utilised the combustion-supporting efficiency of wind.
The heap bed of material 1 in the utility model refers to the stockpile that solid fuel forms between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 4.This heap bed of material 1 is in combustion process, and the fuel 5 that upper strata newly enters is first heated to fugitive constituent Precipitation Temperature and separates out fugitive constituent 51.Subsequently, the fuel 5 of separating out after fugitive constituent is fixed carbon burning, moves down gradually along with the carrying out fuel 5 smaller volume of burning, and the ashes 53 that the afterburnt produces are discharged by fire grate 4; Meanwhile, fresh fuel automatic makeup under Action of Gravity Field is charged on the heap bed of material 1, so circulation, and the heap bed of material 1 between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 4 in dynamic balance state, keeps stable windrow shape in combustion process.
Adopt burner 100 of the present utility model, due in combustion process, fuel is separated out fugitive constituent 51 and is fixed carbon burning all in the burner hearth 10 above fire grate 4, along with the carrying out of burning, fuel is being separated out the rear smaller volume of fugitive constituent 51, under Action of Gravity Field, automatically move down, and lighted by lower floor's combustion flame gradually, fresh fuel is automatically added into the heap bed of material 1 from charging aperture 11 under Action of Gravity Field, the fixed carbon of lower-layer fuel burns again for upper strata fuel fugitive constituent is separated out the heat that provides required, the supplementary speed of fresh fuel depends on the burning velocity of lower-layer fuel, thereby naturally having realized upper strata fugitive constituent 51 separates out and the Natural matching of fixed carbon fuel 52 burning velocities, efficiently solve existing hot-blast stove and do not mate the security hidden trouble existing because of burning velocity.
Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 2, in combustion process, fuel is heated the fugitive constituent 51 of separating out along with air-flow flows towards combustion chamber 3 by lower floor's fixed carbon fuel 52, and lower floor's fixed carbon fuel 52 burning generation flames also burn towards combustion chamber 3 under air-flow drives, in the time of fugitive constituent 51 process combustion flame, the high temperature that burned flame produces is lighted, thereby has realized the abundant burning of fugitive constituent.And, due to the utility model can be along with burning utilize the charging of gravity automatic order, can make burner in unattended running status, not only save manpower, and because the heap bed of material 1 is in dynamic balance state, the heap bed of material 1 keeps stable windrow shape in combustion process, the burning of fixed carbon in burner hearth 1 and fugitive constituent are separated out always under the fired state in continous-stable, effectively ensure the abundant burning of fugitive constituent, improve efficiency of combustion, realized the orderly controlled burning of burner.
In addition, because the utility model arranges combustion chamber 3 from a side air intake of the heap bed of material 1 combustion side 102 relative with inlet side 101, thereby the substantial transverse heap bed of material 1 that passes of primary air is passed from combustion side 102, combustion side 102 at the heap bed of material 1 forms thermal-flame district, light required hot environment for fugitive constituent 51 provides, thereby form side direction combustion system., because combustion flame mainly concentrates on the side of piling the bed of material 1, there is not high temperature grate in fire grate 4 positions in this combustion system; And along with the carrying out of burning, the fixed carbon fuel of smaller volume progressively moves down, burning time, longer fixed carbon fuel was positioned at more downward position, the more downward temperature of fixed carbon burning zone that makes to pile the bed of material 1 bottom is lower, the ashes 53 that burning produces also move down in process at fixed carbon fuel 52, under Action of Gravity Field, be discharged in the grey chamber 4 of bottom by bottom fire grate 14, thereby the problems such as the paste fire grate of effectively having avoided the molten ash in fire grate position and cause, have ensured the continual and steady burning of burner.
Because the heap bed of material 1 is positioned at the edge of the bottom of inlet side 101, the thinner thickness of fuel bed, or be without under material state, the wind being entered by inlet side 101, because the windage at this position is less, is therefore easy to penetrate fire grate 4 from this position and enters combustion side 102.And this part wind does not penetrate the heap bed of material 1 fugitive constituent 51 that major part the is separated out combustion side 102 that leads, affect widely combustion efficiency.Meanwhile, this part is distinguished and admirable in the time of fire grate 4 below, likely can play some combustion-supporting effects to the fixed carbon burning of fire grate 4 tops, thereby the temperature of fire grate 4 marginal positions is raise, thereby exist fire grate 4 marginal positions to melt possibility grey and paste fire grate that cause.So, in the utility model, between ash discharge gap structure 42 edges of the fire grate 4 in inlet side 101 and burner hearth 10 inwalls, be provided with the closed section 41 that stops air-flow to pass through.This closed section 41 has fundamentally formed the wind that can stop in inlet side 101 and below fire grate 4, has entered burner hearth 10 at the windage smaller part at bed of material edge.The substantial transverse heap bed of material 1 that passes of most of air-flow of guaranteeing inlet side 101 passes side direction fired state from combustion side 102.Meanwhile, also can make fire grate 4 below airless states, guarantee can not form thermal-flame in fire grate 4 positions.
In an optional example of the present utility model, described closed section 41 is horizontally disposed with, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 7, Figure 10, Figure 11.
In another optional example of the present utility model, the downward-sloping setting in junction of described closed section 41 and burner hearth 10 inwalls, as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.In the present embodiment, the downward-sloping closed section 41 that arranges can be discharged the combustion ash at closed section 41 places.
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 13, of the present utility model one can select in embodiment, described closed section 41 is made up of block piece 43, one side of this block piece 43 and burner hearth 10 inwalls join, and block the edge of fire grate 4, thereby form the closed section 41 that the utility model stops air-flow to pass through.In the present example, 42 of ash discharge gap structures that have an ash discharge function are positioned at the unsheltered position of block piece 43.
Wherein, block piece 43 described in the utility model is made up of barrier sheet 431, and as shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 10, described barrier sheet 431 can, according to the form of the heap bed of material 1, be tailored into appropriate width easily, combines form described closed section 41 with fire grate 4.As shown in Figure 8, described barrier sheet 431 can be as shown in Fig. 7, Figure 10 and fire grate 4 horizontal integrations, also can be combined with fire grate 4 inclinations as shown in Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 9, block piece 43 described in the utility model can be made up of downward-sloping stopper 432, and described downward-sloping stopper 432 is arranged at fire grate 4 tops.
As shown in figure 13, described block piece 43 of the present utility model forms by supporting stopper 443, and this support stopper 443 is connected on burner hearth 10 inwalls, is incorporated into fire grate 4 belows and forms the support to fire grate 4 simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, closed section 41 described in the utility model is made up of the support portion 44 that is convexly set in burner hearth 10 inwalls, and described fire grate 4 edges are supported on described support portion 44.
In the utility model, support portion 44 and the one-body molded formation of burner hearth 10 of described formation closed section 41.Wherein: the support portion 44 of described formation closed section 41, can be by forming with the integrated horizontal support 441 of burner hearth as shown in figure 11; Or by forming with the integrated gusseted 442 of burner hearth as shown in figure 12.In the present embodiment, above-mentioned support portion 44(441,442) be arranged at the below of fire grate 4, in supporting fire grate 4, the ash discharge gap structure at fire grate 4 edges is effectively blocked, form the closed section 41 that stops air-flow to pass through.In addition, be arranged at as shown in figure 14 the top of fire grate 4 with the integrated horizontal support 441 of burner hearth, fire grate 4 is connected on horizontal support 441 by conventional mode.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, in the optional embodiment of the utility model one, described closed section 41 is made up of one section of marginal portion outside grate opening structure 43.In the present embodiment, the horizontal closed section 411 that described closed section 41 is made up of grate edge forms, and this horizontal closed section 411 is shaped in fire grate 4, makes fire grate 4 edges not have ash discharge gap structure.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5,41 one end of the described horizontal closed section being made up of grate edge and burner hearth 10 inwalls join, thereby realize the object that barrier air passes through.As shown in Figure 6, the acclivitous closed section 412 that described closed section 41 is made up of grate edge forms, in the present embodiment, acclivitous closed section 412 effectively barrier air pass through, can be convenient to again combustion ash and discharge to the gap structure of fire grate 4.
In sum, closed section 41 Main Functions in the utility model are to stop the wind in inlet side 101 below fire grate 4, to enter burner hearth 10 at the windage smaller part at bed of material edge.The substantial transverse heap bed of material 1 that passes of most of air-flow of guaranteeing inlet side 101 passes side direction fired state from combustion side 102.Meanwhile, also can make fire grate 4 below airless states, guarantee can not form high temperature grate in fire grate 4 positions.Therefore, this closed section 41 can be made up of any conventional construction apart from the above, as long as can realize the same function of closed section 41 described above.
As shown in Figure 5, in the optional example of burner 100 of the present utility model, the edge of fire grate 4 all can be connected with burner hearth 10 inwalls, thereby covers the whole region in burner hearth.As long as the setting of fire grate 4 can be accepted solid fuel, between charging aperture 11 and fire grate 4, form the heap bed of material 1, avoid the solid fuel of piling the bed of material 1 directly to drop, its concrete form can not limit.
As shown in Figure 3, in the optional example of burner 100 of the present utility model, two relative side 161,162 and the inboard wall of burner hearth of the heap bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 joins, so that the burner hearth of fire grate 14 tops is kept apart by the heap bed of material 1 at space and the combustion side 102 of inlet side 101.Like this, the air-flow that enters the wind generation of inlet side 101 can only could arrive combustion side 102 through the heap bed of material 1, has avoided wind from piling the bed of material 1 outside by flogging a dead horse, and has ensured to pass the effective supply of the wind of piling the bed of material 1.
In an optional example, the side wall surface 103,104 of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth 10 of fire grate 4 tops between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102, naturally the stacking gradient 16 that can form with the two sides 161,162 of the heap bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102 is consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack the gradient 16 inner sides, join thereby make to pile two side walls 103,104 and the inboard wall of burner hearth of the bed of material 1 between inlet side 101 and combustion side 102, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 5, described fire grate 4 has interval at a lateral edges and burner hearth 10 inwalls of combustion chamber 10.In combustion process, the heap bed of material 1 can more easily be discharged from this interval towards the combustion ash of combustion chamber 102 1 sides.
As shown in figure 15, as required, combustion chamber 3 can be provided with two or more, to be applicable to various actual heat exchange demands.
As shown in Figure 2, in the utility model, combustion chamber 3 is connected with heat-exchanger rig 200, with the heat of utilizing combustion chamber 3 burnings to produce.This heat-exchanger rig 200 can be the heat exchanger, a heatable brick bed, cooker, water jacket of heating etc.
Experimental results show that, adopt combustion method and the burner of above-mentioned side direction combustion system of the present utility model, fugitive constituent almost can completing combustion, and efficiency of combustion is up to more than 95%, and there is no soot emission, realized the clean emission of the solid fuel ignition that volatile content is high.The utility model takes full advantage of the characteristic of gravity and heat transmission, has realized the automatic order burning of fuel, simple in structure, low cost of manufacture, and easy to use, solid-fuelled apply high for fugitive constituent provides advantage.
Foregoing description of the present utility model is only exemplary attribute, and the various distortion that therefore do not depart from the utility model main idea ought to be within scope of the present utility model.These distortion should not be regarded as departing from spirit and scope of the present utility model.
Claims (12)
1. a solid-fuelled burner, comprise burner hearth, on burner hearth, be provided with air inlet and solid fuel charging aperture, it is characterized in that, described charging aperture is located at roof of the furnace, in burner hearth, corresponding described charging aperture is provided with and accepts the solid-fuelled fire grate entering from charging aperture, and the fire grate top burner hearth of charging aperture one side is formed as inlet side, and the burner hearth of the charging aperture opposite side relative with this inlet side is formed as combustion side; Be formed with conducting in the combustion chamber of tail gas outlet at described combustion side; Wherein said fire grate has the gap structure for ash discharge, between at least described fire grate ash discharge gap structure edge in inlet side and inboard wall of burner hearth, is provided with the closed section that stops air-flow to pass through.
2. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described closed section be horizontally disposed with or by with the downward-sloping setting in junction of inboard wall of burner hearth.
3. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described closed section is made up of block piece, and a side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of this block piece join, and block grate edge.
4. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described block piece is made up of catch or block.
5. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described closed section is made up of the support portion that is convexly set in inboard wall of burner hearth, and described grate edge is supported on described support portion.
6. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described closed section is made up of one section of marginal portion outside grate opening structure.
7. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, two relative side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of described fire grate between inlet side and combustion side joins.
8. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solid fuel is formed with the heap bed of material between charging aperture and fire grate, two relative side and the inboard wall of burner hearth of this heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side joins, thereby by this heap bed of material, inlet side and combustion side kept apart.
9. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the side wall surface of this two opposite sides inwall of the burner hearth of described fire grate top between inlet side and combustion side, can form with the two sides of the heap bed of material between inlet side and combustion side naturally to stack the gradient consistent or be positioned at this and naturally stack inside the gradient, join thereby make to pile two sides and the inboard wall of burner hearth of the bed of material between inlet side and combustion side.
10. solid-fuelled burner as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described fire grate has interval at a lateral edges and the inboard wall of burner hearth of combustion chamber.
11. solid-fuelled burners as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described combustion chamber has two or more.
12. solid-fuelled burners as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described combustion chamber is connected in heat-exchanger rig.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420136232.5U CN203744228U (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Combustion device consuming solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420136232.5U CN203744228U (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Combustion device consuming solid fuel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN203744228U true CN203744228U (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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| CN201420136232.5U Expired - Fee Related CN203744228U (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Combustion device consuming solid fuel |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015131825A1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-11 | 车战斌 | Combustion apparatus for solid fuel |
| WO2015131820A1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-11 | 车战斌 | Method and apparatus for burning solid fuel |
| WO2015144032A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion device |
| WO2015176620A1 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion method and combustion device |
| WO2015176619A1 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion method, combustion device, and ignition method therefor |
| WO2016183847A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | 车战斌 | Combustion device for solid fuel |
-
2014
- 2014-03-25 CN CN201420136232.5U patent/CN203744228U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015131825A1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-11 | 车战斌 | Combustion apparatus for solid fuel |
| WO2015131820A1 (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-11 | 车战斌 | Method and apparatus for burning solid fuel |
| WO2015144032A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion device |
| WO2015176620A1 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion method and combustion device |
| WO2015176619A1 (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-11-26 | 车战斌 | Solid fuel combustion method, combustion device, and ignition method therefor |
| WO2016183847A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | 车战斌 | Combustion device for solid fuel |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140730 Termination date: 20200325 |