WO2015131820A1

WO2015131820A1 - Method and apparatus for burning solid fuel

Info

Publication number: WO2015131820A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/073623
Authority: WO
Inventors: 车战斌
Original assignee: 车战斌
Priority date: 2014-03-05
Filing date: 2015-03-04
Publication date: 2015-09-11
Also published as: CN104896464A

Abstract

A method and an apparatus (100) for burning solid fuel. In the apparatus (100), a fuel stack layer (1) is formed within a furnace chamber (10). One side of the fuel stack layer (1) constitutes an air inlet side (101), and the side opposite the air inlet side (101) constitutes a burn side (102). The fuel stack layer (1) separates the air inlet side (101) from the burn side (102).

Description

Solid fuel combustion method and combustion device

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of solid fuel combustion, and in particular to a solid fuel combustion method and a combustion apparatus.

Background technique

From the perspective of fuel classification, solid fuels are the most widely used combustion materials, especially coal, because of their abundant resources and safe use. In addition, with the increase in the demand for mineral solid fuels represented by coal, the reduction of resources, and the development of global new energy campaigns, renewable biomass burning materials such as straw, straw, wood, wood chips, The dead branches and the like are highly valued by people.

At present, the main way of using biomass burning materials is to ignite combustion directly. This method has very low combustion efficiency and generates a large amount of black smoke, causing environmental pollution.

Many people have been trying to burn biomass fuels with existing coal-fired stoves. Since the burning characteristics of biomass burning materials and mineral burning materials with high fixed carbon content are quite different, the existing burning stoves cannot adapt to the combustion of solid fuels composed of renewable biomass materials, causing combustion. The efficiency is low, and there are problems such as emission pollution, which restricts the application of biomass burning materials. In addition, the coal currently used in large quantities is high-grade coal with relatively high fixed carbon content, such as anthracite, bituminous coal, etc. Some low-grade coals, such as lignite, peat, etc., also use existing combustion devices, and also have low combustion efficiency. Black smoke and other issues, so it has not been widely used.

The inventors have found through careful study that the main difference between biomass burning materials and low-grade coal (such as lignite, peat, etc.) and high-grade coal is that high-grade coal has a high fixed carbon content (generally over 90%). Therefore, it is mainly fixed carbon combustion mode when burning; while biomass combustion materials and low-grade coal have relatively low fixed carbon content and relatively high volatile content (about 50%-70%). The solid fuel with high volatile content mainly has two characteristics: 1) the volatile matter precipitation temperature is lower than the volatile ignition point; 2) the volatile matter has a higher ignition point than the ash melting point.

The current combustion furnaces are generally classified into two types: a forward combustion furnace and a reverse combustion furnace. Due to the above characteristics of biomass fuel and low-grade coal, continuous combustion can not be achieved by using these two combustion furnaces.

When using existing forward combustion furnaces, there are the following problems:

1) Low combustion efficiency. During combustion, since the precipitation temperature of the volatile matter is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter, the volatile matter is first precipitated and discharged into the air in the form of black smoke, and the remaining fixed carbon portion is further burned, so that only the fixed carbon combustion is utilized. The heat generated is not only low in combustion efficiency, but also has emission pollution.

2) Can not continue to burn. The existing combustion device generally enters the wind through the furnace, so that the solid fuel on the furnace is subjected to high-temperature combustion. Since the ash melting point is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter and the fixed carbon, the combustion is performed in a high-temperature environment in which the carbon is burned on the furnace. After the ash is in a viscous molten state, it will paste on the furnace and cannot be normally discharged through the furnace or other ash-discharging mechanism (such as the ash stick), so that the viscous ash is mixed and burning. The fuel greatly affects the combustion efficiency of the fuel. Moreover, the viscous ash adheres to the furnace raft and blocks the air inlet passage on the furnace. After a period of time, the furnace is pasted, so that the furnace cannot continue to work.

The characteristic of the trans-burning furnace is that the fire outlet is lower than the furnace, so that the flame generated by the combustion passes through the furnace and then reaches the furnace. Hukou. This combustion mode can be ignited by the flame when passing through the furnace as compared with the forward combustion, and the combustion efficiency is improved. However, since the high temperature flame is located in the furnace position, this also makes the temperature of the furnace position very high. In the high temperature environment, the burnt ash is in a viscous molten state, which will paste on the furnace and block the furnace. The air flow passage will soon ruin the furnace, making the furnace unable to continue working.

The Chinese utility model patent No. 01220213695.8 proposes a hot blast stove 900 which can be used for full combustion of various solid combustibles and multi-point air distribution. As shown in FIG. 2, the hot blast stove includes a furnace body, and an upper combustion chamber 92 and a lower combustion chamber 93 are respectively disposed in the furnace body, and an upper furnace 94 and a lower furnace are respectively disposed at the bottoms of the upper combustion chamber 92 and the lower combustion chamber 93, respectively. 95. Below the lower furnace 95 is a ash removal chamber 96, and a burner outlet 98 is provided on the furnace body of the lower combustion chamber 93. The upper combustion chamber 92 is provided with a funnel-shaped combustion chamber 910 whose upper portion is integrated with the inner wall of the furnace, and whose lower portion is reduced in diameter. The lower port of the funnel-shaped fuel tank 910 is located on the upper furnace 94, and the center of the funnel-shaped fuel tank 910 A cylindrical pyrotechnic passage 911 having a lower end opening is formed in the longitudinal direction, and an annular upper air passage 912 is formed between the outer wall of the lower portion of the funnel-shaped fuel storage tank 910 and the inner wall of the furnace body 91, and the outer wall of the lower cylinder of the funnel-shaped fuel storage tank 910 is evenly opened. There are a plurality of air inlet holes 913. The outer wall of the furnace body 91 is provided with two air inlets 914 communicating with the annular air duct, and the air inlet 914 is connected with the air duct 915.

The hot blast stove trial solves the problems of forward combustion and trans combustion through the combination of positive and negative combustion. However, when the hot blast stove 900 is used, it has the following defects and cannot be continuously used:

1) Since the upper combustion chamber 92 and the lower combustion chamber 93 are separated by the upper furnace 94, during the combustion process, the fuel which is not completely burned in the upper combustion chamber 92 needs to fall into the lower combustion chamber 93 to continue burning, if it falls into The burning rate of the incompletely combusted fuel in the lower combustion chamber 93 cannot match the speed at which the upper furnace 93 is dropped to the lower combustion chamber 93, and the incompletely combusted fuel in the lower combustion chamber 93 is more and more, for a period of time. After that, the outlet port 98 in the lower combustion chamber 93 is blocked, and not only the combustion cannot be continued, but also the gas in the combustion chamber may emerge from the air inlet, which may cause a safety accident. However, due to the difference in the burning speed of different fuels, it is difficult to ensure that the combustion speeds of the upper and lower combustion chambers are completely matched during actual use, so that there is an unsafe hidden danger when the hot blast stove is used.

2) The fuel is burned in the upper combustion chamber 92, and the flame needs to pass through the upper furnace to enter the lower combustion chamber, so that the temperature of the upper furnace is still high, and there is still a problem of melting on the upper furnace, burning for a period of time. After that, the molten ash from the upper furnace binds the fuel on the upper furnace together, and cannot be discharged to the lower combustion chamber through the upper furnace. The fuel can only be burned in the upper combustion chamber, and the ash on the upper furnace is finally completely The upper furnace is stuck, which causes the hot stove to not work continuously.

3) As shown in Fig. 2, in order to improve the combustion efficiency, the hot air furnace has a large amount of air from the lower furnace 95 at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber 93, causing the temperature of the lower furnace 95 to be too high, and some solid biomass fuels ( The ash melting point of the straw is relatively low, so that the hot blast stove generates a ashing phenomenon when burning the solid biomass fuel, so that the ash produced by the combustion is in a viscous molten state and is bonded to the furnace 95. Thus, after the hot blast stove is operated for a period of time, the gap of the lower furnace 95 is melted and the ash is not effectively discharged, thereby causing the hot blast stove to be unable to continue working.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solid fuel burner suitable for combustion of a solid fuel (e.g., biomass fuel) having a high volatile content to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the existing combustion furnace and to achieve orderly controlled combustion of the solid fuel.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel combustion method and a combustion apparatus which can not only fully burn volatile matter in a solid fuel, but also solve the problem of melting, and achieve a natural matching of the burning speed in the combustion process. As the combustion proceeds in an orderly feed, continuous combustion of the fuel is ensured.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for burning a solid fuel, in which a feed port is provided at the top of the furnace, and a corresponding furnace inlet is provided with a furnace for receiving fuel entering from the feed port. The fuel entering the feed port forms a pile layer on the furnace, the furnace is formed on the side of the pile layer as the inlet side, and the other side opposite to the inlet side is formed as the combustion side; the pile layer will enter The wind side is separated from the combustion side, and the pile layer constitutes a partition separating the inlet side from the combustion side; and a combustion chamber connected to the exhaust outlet is provided on the combustion side of the furnace; wherein, when burning, the pile is ignited The layer enters the wind from the inlet side of the pile layer, the wind crosses the pile layer laterally, passes through the combustion side of the pile layer, the combustion flame burns toward the combustion chamber, and the fuel gradually moves down as the volume becomes smaller, new The fuel is automatically replenished to the pile layer under the action of gravity, and is heated to precipitate volatiles; the volatiles from the wind exiting from the combustion side of the pile layer and flowing toward the combustion chamber, and the volatiles are burned toward the combustion chamber. The burning flame ignites and enters the combustion chamber to burn. The burned exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet; at the same time, the fixed carbon fuel after the volatile matter is ignited, and the fixed carbon combustion is performed to generate a new combustion flame, and the ash generated after the burnout is discharged through the furnace at the bottom of the pile layer, with the combustion In progress, the new fuel is continuously replenished on the pile layer to form a combustion cycle.

The invention also provides a solid fuel combustion device, comprising a furnace, wherein an air inlet for supplying air into the furnace is arranged on the furnace, and a solid fuel feed port is arranged at the top of the furnace, and the inlet is arranged in the furnace There is a furnace for receiving solid fuel entering from the feed port, and a solid fuel forms a pile layer between the feed port and the furnace, and the furnace above the furnace is formed on the air inlet side on one side of the pile layer. The other side opposite to the inlet side is formed as a combustion side; the pile layer constitutes a partition between the inlet side and the combustion side; and on the combustion side, a combustion chamber that is connected to the outlet of the exhaust gas is formed, thereby The main airflow generated by the wind entering the furnace enters the combustion chamber from the wind inlet side substantially transversely through the stack layer, and finally exits from the exhaust gas outlet.

According to the above combustion method and combustion apparatus of the present invention, since the volatile matter is precipitated in the fuel and the fixed carbon combustion is carried out in the stacking layer during the combustion process, the volume of the fuel becomes smaller after the combustion proceeds, and the gravity is reduced. Under the action, it automatically moves downwards and is gradually ignited by the lower combustion flame. The new fuel is automatically replenished from the feed port to the pile layer, and the fixed carbon combustion of the lower layer fuel provides the heat required for the precipitation of the upper layer new fuel volatiles. The replenishing speed of the new fuel depends on the burning speed of the lower layer fuel, thereby naturally achieving the matching of the upper layer volatiles precipitation and the fixed carbon fuel burning speed, and effectively solves the safety hazard problem existing in the existing hot blast stove due to the mismatch of the burning speed.

At the same time, during the combustion process, the fuel newly added to the pile layer is heated by the lower layer of fixed carbon fuel, and the volatile matter is discharged toward the combustion chamber, and the lower layer of fixed carbon fuel is burned to generate flame. The flame is also driven toward the combustion chamber by the air flow. When the volatile matter passes through the combustion flame, it is ignited by the high temperature generated by the combustion flame, thereby achieving full combustion of the volatile matter. Moreover, since the combustion apparatus of the present invention can automatically and orderly feed by gravity with the progress of combustion, the combustion furnace can be placed in an unattended operation state, which not only saves labor, but also causes the pile layer to be in a dynamic equilibrium state. The fixed carbon combustion and volatile matter precipitation have been in a continuous and stable combustion state, which effectively ensures the full combustion of the volatiles, improves the combustion efficiency, and realizes the orderly controllable combustion of the combustion furnace.

Further, since the present invention introduces air from one side of the stack layer, a combustion chamber is provided on the combustion side opposite to the inlet side of the stack layer. In this way, under the action of the airflow, the high-temperature flame of the lower layer fixed carbon combustion passes through the combustion side of the pile layer, forming a high-temperature flame zone on the combustion side, providing the high-temperature environment required for ignition of the volatile matter, and the pile layer is at the bottom. There is almost no airflow through the furnace location, so there is no high temperature fire bed at the bottom furnace location. Moreover, as the combustion progresses, the fixed carbon fuel whose volume becomes smaller gradually moves downward, and the longer the burning time, the lower the fixed carbon fuel is located, so that the lower the fixed carbon combustion layer is lower, the lower the temperature, the combustion station The generated ash is also discharged into the lower ash chamber through the bottom furnace under the action of gravity under the action of the fixed carbon fuel, which effectively solves the problem of the ash existing in the existing combustion furnace and ensures the burning furnace. Continuous and stable combustion.

Moreover, since the stack layer of the present invention constitutes a partition between the inlet side and the combustion side, the wind on the inlet side can only enter the combustion side through the stack layer, thereby achieving wind-to-fuel combustion on the inlet side. An effective supply of volatile combustion.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the stack layer is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace on opposite sides between the inlet side and the combustion side to isolate the inlet side from the combustion side.

In an alternative example, the side walls of the two opposite side inner walls between the inlet side and the combustion side of the furnace above the furnace are formed on both sides between the inlet side and the combustion side of the stack. The natural stacking slope is uniform or located on the inner side of the natural stacking slope, so that the two side wall faces of the stock layer between the inlet side and the burning side are in contact with the inner wall of the furnace.

In an alternative example, the two opposite side inner walls of the furnace above the furnace above the inlet side and the combustion side are vertical side walls.

In an alternative example, the two opposite side inner walls of the furnace above the furnace above the inlet side and the combustion side are inclined side walls.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the stack layer may be formed on the outside of the side of the combustion side as an open structure that does not limit the side shape of the stack.

In another alternative embodiment of the invention, the stack layer may be formed with a sidewall having an open or apertured structure on the outside of the side of the combustion side.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the projected area of the feed port on a horizontal plane may be less than the projected area of the furnace stack region on a horizontal plane.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the feed port is positioned such that the stack layer forms a natural stacking slope on the inlet side. In a specific example of this example, the air inlet is higher than the upper surface of the natural stacking slope.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the edges of the grate may be connected to the inner wall of the grate.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the grate is spaced from the inner wall of the grate at one edge of the combustion chamber.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber may have two or more.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber can be coupled to a heat exchange device.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber is provided with one or more outlets for supplying heat to the heat exchange device.

Experiments have shown that with the above-mentioned combustion furnace of the present invention, the volatile matter can be almost completely burned, the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is over 95%, and there is no black smoke emission, and the clean discharge of solid fuel combustion with high volatile content is realized. The combustion furnace of the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of gravity and heat transfer, can not only meet the requirements of the fuel principle, realizes automatic and orderly combustion of fuel, has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient use, and thus is a solid with high volatile matter. The promotion and application of fuel provides favorable conditions.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional positive and negative hot air furnace;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the combustion state of the combustion apparatus of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing the air inlet side of the combustion apparatus of the present invention and the side wall of the combustion side furnace being vertical side walls;

Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional structural view showing the side wall of the combustion device of the present invention and the side wall of the combustion side of the furnace being inclined side walls;

Figure 5 is a side view of the inlet side of the combustion apparatus of the present invention and the side wall of the combustion side of the furnace being curved side walls;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the furnace casing of the present invention having a side edge of the furnace chamber spaced from the inner wall of the furnace;

Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of Figure B-B;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another B-B of Figure 6;

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion device having a pore structure on the combustion side of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the combustion device of the present invention having an open side wall;

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the hearth of the burner of the present invention in contact with the inner wall of the furnace;

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the combustion apparatus of the present invention having a tilting furnace;

Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion apparatus of the present invention having two combustion chambers. .

Description of the figure:

Combustion device 100; heat exchange device 200; exhaust gas discharge port 201;

Furnace 10; inlet side 101; combustion side 102; side wall faces 103, 104;

Stack layer 1; two

opposite sides

161, 162; natural stacking slope 16; feed port 11; air inlet 12; side wall 13; pore structure 131; opening 132; furnace 14; feed hopper 15;

Combustion chamber 3; combustion chamber outlet 31;

Gray room 4;

Solid fuel 5; volatile matter 51; fixed carbon fuel 52 after volatilization; furnace ash 53.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a method for burning a solid fuel. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, a feed port 11 is provided at the top of the furnace 10, and a corresponding feed port 11 is provided in the furnace 10 to receive from the feed port 11. The solid fuel furnace 14, the fuel entering from the feed port 11 forms a pile layer 1 on the furnace 14, and the furnace 10 above the furnace 14 is formed on the side of the pile layer 1 as the inlet side 101, The other side opposite the inlet side 101 is formed as a combustion side 102 which isolates the inlet side 101 from the combustion side 102, from which the stacking layer 1 constitutes the inlet side 101 above the furnace 14. A separator with the combustion side 102; the combustion side 102 is provided with a combustion chamber 3 that communicates with the exhaust gas outlet 201. During combustion, the pile layer 1 is ignited, and air is introduced from the inlet side 101 of the pile layer 1, the wind passes transversely through the pile layer 1, and exits from the combustion side 102 of the pile layer 1, the wind is directed toward the combustion flame The combustion chamber 3 is burned, the fuel gradually moves down as the volume becomes smaller, and the new fuel is automatically replenished to the stack layer 1 under the action of gravity, and the volatiles 51 are heated to precipitate, and the volatiles 51 are deposited from the stack layer. The combustion side 102 of 1 flows out and flows toward the combustion chamber 3, and the volatile matter 51 is ignited by the combustion flame that is burned toward the combustion chamber 3, enters the combustion chamber 3 for combustion, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 201; meanwhile, after the volatile matter 51 is precipitated The fixed carbon fuel 52 is ignited, carbon combustion is performed, and a new combustion flame is generated. The ash 53 generated after the burnout is discharged through the furnace 14 at the bottom of the pile layer 1, and as the combustion progresses, the new fuel is continuously replenished. On the 1st, a combustion cycle is formed.

The present invention also provides a solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 using the above combustion method. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 14, the combustion apparatus 100 includes a furnace 10 having an air inlet 12 for supplying air into the furnace, and a solid fuel feed port 11 at the top of the furnace 10, corresponding to the furnace 10 The feed port 11 is provided with a furnace 14 for receiving the solid fuel 5 entering from the feed port 11, and the solid fuel 5 forms a stack layer 1 between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14, and the furnace above the furnace 14 10 is formed on the one side of the pile layer 1 as the inlet side 101, and the other side opposite the inlet side 101 is formed as the combustion side 102, which separates the inlet side 101 from the combustion side 102. The separator layer 1 constitutes a separator that isolates the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102. A combustion chamber 3 is formed on the combustion side 102 to be electrically connected to the exhaust gas outlet 201, so that the main airflow generated by the wind entering the furnace 10 passes through the stacking layer 1 substantially transversely from the inlet side 101 into the combustion chamber 3, and finally from the exhaust gas. The outlet 201 is discharged.

The main air flow generated by the wind entering the furnace 10 of the present invention refers to the main air flow generated by the wind, which flows from the air inlet side 101 of the pile area 1 substantially transversely through the pile area 1 from the combustion side 102; during the combustion process The wind entering the furnace 10 mainly produces airflow transversely through the stacking zone 1, and there is almost no airflow through the bottom furnace 14 of the stacking zone 1 or a weak airflow passes through the bottom furnace 14 as long as the weak The airflow does not affect the main airflow direction, and does not affect the effect of the combustion apparatus of the present invention, that is, the combustion apparatus of the present invention can ensure that the main airflow direction in the combustion process enters from the inlet side 101 of the pile layer 1 and passes through the combustion side 102. It is within the scope of the invention to form a lateral combustion pattern substantially transversely through the stock layer 1.

The stock layer 1 in the present invention refers to a pile formed of a solid fuel between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14. Stack layer 1 During the combustion process, the newly introduced fuel in the upper layer is first heated to the temperature of the volatile matter to precipitate the volatile matter, and then ignited for fixed carbon combustion, and gradually decreases as the fuel volume becomes smaller as the combustion progresses, and is burned out. The ash 53 is discharged through the furnace 14; at the same time, the new fuel is automatically replenished to the pile layer 1 by gravity, so that the pile layer 1 between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14 is dynamic during the combustion process. Balanced to maintain a stable stock shape.

According to the above combustion method and combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention, since the fuel is released from the volatile matter 51 and the fixed carbon combustion is in the furnace above the furnace 14, during the combustion, the fuel is released after the volatile matter 51 is released. The volume becomes smaller, automatically moves downward under the action of gravity, and is gradually ignited by the lower combustion flame. The new fuel is automatically replenished from the feed port 11 to the pile layer 1 under the action of gravity, and the fixed carbon combustion of the lower layer of fuel is The evaporation of the upper fuel volatiles provides the required heat, and the replenishing speed of the new fuel depends on the burning speed of the lower fuel, thereby naturally achieving the natural matching of the upper volatiles precipitation and the burning speed of the fixed carbon fuel 52, effectively solving the existing hot air furnace. A safety hazard problem due to a mismatch in burning speed.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, during the combustion process, the volatiles 51 which are heated and precipitated by the lower fixed carbon fuel 52 are flowed toward the combustion chamber 3, and the lower fixed carbon fuel 52 is burned to generate a flame which is also directed toward the air. The combustion chamber 3 is burned, and when the volatile matter 51 passes through the combustion flame, it is ignited by the high temperature generated by the combustion flame, thereby achieving sufficient combustion of the volatile matter. Moreover, since the present invention can automatically and orderly feed by gravity with the progress of combustion, the combustion device can be placed in an unattended operating state, which not only saves manpower, but also because the stack layer 1 is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the stack layer 1 Maintaining a stable stock shape during the combustion process, so that the fixed carbon combustion and volatile matter precipitation in the furnace 1 are always in a continuous stable combustion state, effectively ensuring full combustion of volatiles, improving combustion efficiency, and achieving combustion. Orderly controlled combustion of the device.

In addition, since the present invention provides a combustion chamber 3 from the combustion side 102 of the side of the stack layer 1 and opposite the inlet side 101, the main gas stream is passed transversely through the stack layer 1 from the combustion side 102, A high temperature flame zone is formed on the combustion side 102 of the stock layer 1 to provide a high temperature environment for ignition of the volatiles to form a lateral combustion mode. In this combustion mode, since the combustion flame is mainly concentrated on the side of the pile layer 1, there is no high temperature fire bed at the position of the furnace 14; and as the combustion progresses, the fixed carbon fuel whose volume becomes smaller gradually moves downward, and the burning time is more The longer fixed carbon fuel is located in the downward position, so that the lower the temperature of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the lower part of the pile layer 1 is, the lower the temperature is, and the ash 53 generated by the combustion is also moved downward during the fixed carbon fuel 52. Under the action of gravity, the bottom furnace 14 is discharged into the lower ash chamber 4, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as paste furnace slag caused by melting at the furnace position, and ensuring continuous and stable combustion of the combustion device.

As shown in FIG. 2, a feed hopper 15 may be disposed on the feed port 11 to facilitate feeding to the stacking zone 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the stock layer 1 of the present invention is located outside the side of the combustion side 102 and can be formed into an open structure which does not limit the side shape of the stock layer 1. Thus, when burning, the combustion flame and volatiles which are blown from the side of the pile layer 1 of the combustion side 102 directly enter the combustion chamber 3 to be burned by the air flow, and the structure is simpler.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in another alternative example of the present invention, the stack layer 1 is located outside the side of the combustion side 102 and may be formed with side walls 13 having openings 132 or aperture structures 131 so as to be from the combustion side. The combustion flame and volatiles passing through the side of the stack layer 1 of 102 are burned into the combustion chamber 3 through the opening 132 or the pore structure 131. Side wall 13 The pore structure 131 may be a furnace structure, a fence structure, or a grid structure, or a perforated structure, and the like, as long as the pores can pass the flame and the volatile matter, the specific structure thereof is not limited. The opening 132 may be higher than the natural stacking slope setting formed on the combustion side to prevent solid fuel from falling directly from the opening 132.

In an alternative example of the combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention, the two

opposite sides

161, 162 of the stack layer 1 between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 are in contact with the inner wall of the furnace to place the furnace above the furnace 14 The space on the inlet side 101 is separated from the combustion side 102 by the stack layer 1. Thus, the airflow generated by the wind entering the air inlet side 101 can only pass through the stack layer 1 to reach the combustion side 102, avoiding the wind from passing outside the stack layer 1 and doing useless work, ensuring the wind passing through the stack layer 1. Effective supply.

In an alternative example, the

side walls

103, 104 of the two opposite side inner walls between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace 10 above the furnace 14 and the stack layer 1 on the inlet side 101 The natural stacking slopes 16 that may be formed by the two

sides

161, 162 between the combustion sides 102 are coincident or located inside the natural stacking slope 16 such that the two side wall faces 103 of the stack layer 1 between the inlet side 101 and the

combustion side

102 , 104 is connected to the inner wall of the furnace, as shown in Figures 3 to 5.

The shape of the side wall faces 103, 104 of the opposite side inner walls between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace 10 above the grate 14 can be set as needed, as long as the outer side of the natural stacking slope 16 is not exceeded, enabling the stacking The two side wall faces 103, 104 of the layer 1 may be in contact with the furnace side wall faces 103, 104, and the specific shape thereof may not be limited. 3 shows an example in which the two side wall faces 103, 104 of the two opposite side inner walls between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace above the furnace 14 are vertical side walls, and FIG. 4 shows the furnace. The two side wall faces 103, 104 of the two opposite side inner walls between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace above the crucible 14 are examples of inclined side walls, and FIG. 5 shows the furnace above the furnace 14 in the inlet air. The two side wall faces 103, 104 of the opposite side inner walls between the side 101 and the combustion side 102 are examples of curved side walls. Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the shape of the two side wall faces 103, 104 of the two opposite side inner walls between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace above the furnace 14 is not limited to the shape shown in the drawing. It can also be set to other various shapes, which will not be enumerated here.

In an alternative embodiment of the stack layer 1 of the present invention, the projected area of the feed opening 11 in the horizontal plane may be less than the projected area of the bottom stack 14 in the horizontal plane. After the solid fuel 5 enters the pile layer 1, as shown in FIG. 2, a pile layer which is large and small can be formed in the pile area 1. The stacking method can make the airflow of the upper fuel layer through the thickness smaller than the thickness of the lower layer of the stacking layer. In the combustion process, the lower layer of the fixed carbon fuel has a larger area, which is favorable for the full combustion of the fixed carbon fuel, and the upper layer The thickness of the fuel layer is small, facilitating the rapid passage of the gas stream to bring the volatiles 51 to the combustion chamber 3 of the combustion side 102 of the pile layer 1 for combustion.

As shown in Fig. 2, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, the feed port 11 can be positioned such that the stack layer 1 forms a natural stacking slope on the inlet side 101 of the furnace 10. In a specific example of this example, the air inlet 12 may be higher than the upper surface of the natural stacking slope to supply air to the wind side 101 upon combustion.

In the present invention, the air inlet 12 may be provided on the side wall of the furnace 10 as shown in FIG. 2, or may be provided on the top of the furnace 10 as shown in FIG. Of course, it is not limited to the manner shown in the drawing, as long as it can supply air to one side of the stacking area 1 and form a main airflow substantially transversely passing through the stacking layer, the specific setting position thereof can be omitted.

As shown in Figure 12, in an alternative embodiment of the invention, the edges of the furnace 14 can be connected to the inner wall of the furnace 14. Connected to cover the entire area inside the furnace. As shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 7, the furnace 14 is spaced from the inner wall of the furnace 10 at one side edge of the combustion chamber 3. As shown in FIG. 6, the grate 14 may be horizontally disposed within the grate 10; as shown in FIG. 13, the grate 14 may be disposed obliquely within the grate 10. The structure of the furnace 14 is not limited to the above, and the furnace 14 is disposed to form a pile layer 1 between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14 as long as it can receive the solid fuel, thereby avoiding the solid fuel of the pile layer 1. It can be dropped directly, and its specific form can be without limitation.

In the present invention, the combustion chamber 3 is connected to the heat exchange device 200 to utilize the heat generated by the combustion chamber 3. The heat exchange device 200 may be a heat exchanger for heating, a crucible, a cooker, a water jacket, or the like. 2 shows an example in which a heat exchanger is arranged in the combustion chamber 3; FIG. 6 shows an example in which the combustion chamber 3 has an outlet 31 for supplying heat to the heat exchange device, on which the pot or other heat exchange device can be placed . The outlet 31 can be provided in plurality, which can be used for anecdote, partly for heating, and partly for anecdote. As shown in Fig. 10, the combustion chamber 3 may have an outlet 32 for supplying heat to the fire, which is finally discharged through the exhaust outlet 201 after entering the heat exchange.

In the present invention, as shown in Fig. 14, the combustion chamber 3 may be provided with two or more as needed to suit various actual heat exchange requirements.

Experiments have shown that with the above-described lateral combustion mode combustion method and combustion apparatus of the present invention, the volatile matter can be almost completely burned, the combustion efficiency is as high as 95% or more, and there is no black smoke emission, and solid fuel combustion with high volatile content is realized. Clean emissions. The invention fully utilizes the characteristics of gravity and heat transfer, realizes automatic and orderly combustion of fuel, has simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient use, and provides favorable conditions for popularization and application of solid fuel with high volatile content.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative only, and various modifications that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. These variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

A method for burning a solid fuel, characterized in that a feed port is arranged at the top of the furnace, and a corresponding furnace inlet is provided with a furnace for receiving fuel entering from the inlet, and the fuel entering from the inlet is a stack layer is formed on the furnace, the furnace above the furnace is formed on the inlet side on one side of the pile layer, and the other side opposite to the inlet side is formed as a combustion side; the pile layer will enter the wind side Separating from the combustion side, the pile layer constitutes a separator separating the inlet side and the combustion side; and on the combustion side of the furnace, a combustion chamber connected to the outlet of the exhaust gas is provided, wherein

Ignite the pile layer, enter the wind from the inlet side of the pile layer, the wind crosses through the pile layer, and passes through the combustion side of the pile layer. The combustion flame of the pile layer burns toward the combustion chamber, and the fuel follows the volume. When it becomes smaller and gradually moves down, the new fuel is automatically replenished to the pile layer under the action of gravity, and the volatiles are precipitated after being heated; the volatiles from the wind are discharged from the combustion side of the pile layer and flow toward the combustion chamber. The volatile matter is ignited by the combustion flame burning toward the combustion chamber, and is burned into the combustion chamber, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet; at the same time, the fixed carbon fuel after the volatile matter is ignited, carbon combustion is performed, and a new combustion flame is generated, after burning out The produced ash is discharged through the furnace at the bottom of the pile layer, and as the combustion progresses, a new combustion cycle is formed on the pile layer which is continuously replenished.
A method of burning a solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the stack layer is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace at opposite sides between the inlet side and the combustion side, thereby isolating the inlet side from the combustion side.
A method of burning a solid fuel according to claim 2, wherein a side wall surface of the opposite side inner wall between the inlet side and the combustion side between the inlet of the furnace and the furnace, and the stacking material The natural stacking slope formed by the two sides between the inlet side and the burning side is uniform or located inside the natural stacking slope, so that the two sides of the stack layer between the inlet side and the burning side are connected to the inner wall of the furnace. .
A solid fuel combustion device includes a furnace having an air inlet and a solid fuel feed port on the furnace, wherein the feed port is disposed at the top of the furnace, and the feed port is disposed corresponding to the feed port in the furnace Receiving a furnace for solid fuel entering from the feed port, the solid fuel forms a stack layer between the feed port and the furnace, and the furnace above the furnace is formed on the air inlet side on one side of the pile layer, The opposite side of the air inlet side is formed as a combustion side; a partition body between the air inlet side and the combustion side is formed by the stack layer; and a combustion chamber that is connected to the exhaust gas outlet is formed on the combustion side to enter The main airflow generated by the wind of the furnace enters the combustion chamber from the wind inlet side substantially transversely through the pile layer, and finally exits from the exhaust gas outlet.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein said stack layer is in contact with the inner wall of the furnace at opposite sides between the inlet side and the combustion side, thereby isolating the inlet side from the combustion side. .
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 5, wherein the furnace above the furnace is on the side wall faces of the opposite side inner walls between the inlet side and the combustion side, and the stack layer is in the inlet air The natural stacking slope formed by the two sides between the side and the burning side is uniform or located inside the natural stacking slope, so that the two side wall faces of the stacking layer between the inlet side and the burning side are in contact with the inner wall of the furnace.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 6, wherein the opposite side inner walls between the inlet side and the combustion side of the furnace above the furnace are vertical side walls.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 6, wherein the opposite side inner walls between the inlet side and the combustion side of the furnace above the furnace are inclined side walls.
The solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the stack layer is formed on an outer side of the side of the combustion side so as to have an open structure that does not restrict the shape of the side surface of the stack.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein said stack layer is formed on a side of the side of the combustion side with a side wall having an opening or a pore structure.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a projected area of said feed port on a horizontal plane is smaller than a projected area of the furnace stacking area on a horizontal plane.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein said feed port is positioned such that the pile layer is formed with a natural stacking gradient on the inlet side.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 12, wherein said air inlet is higher than an upper surface of a natural stacking gradient.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the edges of the furnace are connected to the inner wall of the furnace.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said furnace has a space at a side edge of the combustion chamber from the inner wall of the furnace.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 4, wherein said combustion chamber has two or more.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said combustion chamber is connected to a heat exchange device.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said combustion chamber is provided with one or more outlets for supplying heat to the heat exchange means.