JP5605829B2 - Combustion apparatus and combustion method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a baking apparatus and a combustion method for burning solid fuel such as crushed vegetation.

  As a solid fuel combustion apparatus, there is an apparatus that injects solid fuel from an upper opening and sequentially burns fuel that naturally falls (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below). In these apparatuses, an inclined portion that receives solid fuel is provided, and the fuel falls downward along the inclined portion. The fallen solid fuel burns when ignited, and the combustion gas rises in the combustion chamber.

  As the combustion gas rises, the outside air is sucked into the apparatus, the outside air is continuously supplied to the solid fuel, and the combustion of the solid fuel continues. For this reason, in these devices, combustion can be continued without using a blower or other fuel.

JP 2009-47350 A JP 2009-24900 A

  However, in the conventional combustion apparatus as described above, the outside air is continuously supplied to the solid fuel and the combustion of the solid fuel is continued. However, further high-temperature combustion is achieved without adding a blower or an auxiliary burner. There were limits.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a combustion apparatus that is advantageous for high-temperature combustion with a simple structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, a combustion apparatus according to the present invention is a combustion apparatus including a fuel supply cylinder in which a solid fuel falls and a combustion cylinder in which a combustion flame of the solid fuel rises, wherein a plate member is stepped. A rooster that is arranged in the shape of an inclined portion, a ventilation space that is formed with a gap between the plate-like members, a suction port that sucks outside air to be supplied to the solid fuel, and a fuel supply cylinder A circulation port connecting the space and the space in the combustion cylinder, the circulation port includes an intermittent opening portion in which the opening is intermittently arranged with a shielding portion interposed between the openings, The intermittent opening and the rooster are arranged so as to be filled with the solid fuel between the intermittent opening and the inclined portion of the rooster, and the rise of the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder The air is sucked from the suction port by the suction The heated air passes through the ventilation space and is heated by the rooster, the heated air is supplied to the solid fuel, moisture is evaporated from the solid fuel, and the evaporated moisture is intermittently It is blown to the combustion flame of the solid fuel that passes through the opening and rises up the combustion cylinder.

  According to this configuration, the air heated by the rooster is supplied to the solid fuel on the rooster through the ventilation space of the rooster, and the solid fuel on the rooster is heated and dried. On the other hand, since the intermittent opening portion includes the shielding portion, the movement of the solid fuel to the combustion cylinder side is limited. For this reason, when the solid fuel is filled between the intermittent opening and the inclined portion of the rooster, the movement of the solid fuel on the rooster becomes gentle. This is advantageous for solid fuel drying and solid fuel ignition.

  In the intermittent opening, air and moisture can pass through the opening. Therefore, the water generated by the drying of the solid fuel rides on the flow of air supplied to the solid fuel, passes through the opening of the intermittent opening, and is blown out into the combustion cylinder. The water blown into the combustion cylinder is blown to the combustion flame of the solid fuel. As a result, a water gas reaction occurs between carbon and moisture remaining in the combustion flame, and a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated. Since this mixed gas is combusted by the combustion flame, complete combustion is promoted, and it is advantageous for high-temperature combustion with a simple structure without adding a blower or an auxiliary burner. Furthermore, the generation of soot can be suppressed, and soot adhesion in the combustion cylinder can be suppressed. For example, when a hollow pipe that allows the fluid to be heated to pass through is provided in the combustion cylinder, a decrease in heat transfer due to adhesion of soot to the hollow pipe is suppressed, and a decrease in heating capacity can be prevented.

  In the combustion apparatus, the flow port changes the size of the opening or the shielding portion in the vertical direction so that the lower part is more likely to pass the solid fuel than the upper part of the flow port. Is preferred. According to this configuration, the moisture evaporated from the solid fuel on the fuel supply cylinder side is easily sprayed onto the combustion flame of the solid fuel.

  The plate-like member of the rooster includes a plate-like member formed with a cut at an end on the inclined portion side, and a part of the air that has passed through the ventilation space is raised in the cut. It is preferable. According to this structure, the air heated via the ventilation space easily reaches the solid fuel, the degree of drying of the solid fuel is further increased, and the ignition of the solid fuel is further facilitated.

  The shielding part is a movable member, and it is preferable that the opening area of the circulation port can be adjusted by the movement of the shielding part. According to this configuration, the degree of movement of the solid fuel on the rooster into the combustion cylinder can be adjusted. For example, the larger the size of the solid fuel to be injected, the larger the opening area at the lower part of the circulation port, so that the solid fuel during combustion can easily move into the combustion cylinder.

  It is preferable that the opening area of the fuel supply cylinder is widened toward the rooster side. According to this configuration, the solid fuel in the fuel supply cylinder easily falls, and when the solid fuel on the rooster moves to the lower part of the rooster, the solid fuel in the fuel supply cylinder falls immediately following this movement. become. Therefore, as long as the fuel supply cylinder is filled with the solid fuel, it is possible to maintain the state where the rooster is filled with the solid fuel.

  A space partitioned by upper and lower partition plates is formed in the combustion cylinder, and a hollow pipe is erected in the space, and the combustion flame or combustion gas generated from the combustion flame rises in the hollow pipe. It is preferable that the fluid that passes through and flows into the space is heated in the space and flows out of the space. According to this configuration, the fluid that has passed through the space can be heated and taken out. For example, warm water can be taken out by passing water through the space, or hot air can be taken out by passing air through the space.

  It is preferable that a hollow pipe is disposed in the combustion cylinder, and the fluid passing through the hollow pipe is heated by the combustion flame rising from the combustion cylinder or the combustion gas generated from the combustion flame. According to this configuration, the fluid passed through the hollow pipe can be heated and taken out. Therefore, also by this structure, warm water and warm air can be taken out by allowing water or air to pass through the hollow pipe.

  It is preferable to further include a fuel supply device that supplies the solid fuel to the fuel supply cylinder. According to this configuration, since the solid fuel can be continuously supplied to the fuel supply cylinder, it is possible to reduce the number of times of refueling.

  Next, a combustion method of the present invention is a combustion method of a combustion apparatus including a fuel supply cylinder in which solid fuel falls and a combustion cylinder in which a combustion flame of the solid fuel rises, the combustion apparatus having a plate shape A rooster that has members arranged in a stepped manner to form an inclined portion, a ventilation space that is formed with a gap between the plate-like members, a suction port that sucks outside air supplied to the solid fuel, and the fuel supply A circulation port that connects the space in the cylinder and the space in the combustion cylinder, and by the rise of the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder, air is sucked from the suction port, and the sucked air is Passing through the ventilation space and heating with the rooster, supplying the heated air to the solid fuel, evaporating moisture from the solid fuel, passing the evaporated moisture through the flow port, and the combustion Combustion flame of the solid fuel rising up the cylinder And wherein the spraying.

  According to this configuration, the air heated by the rooster is supplied to the solid fuel on the rooster through the ventilation space of the rooster, and the solid fuel on the rooster is heated and dried. Moisture generated by drying of the solid fuel is blown through the distribution port and blown to the combustion flame of the solid fuel, so that a water gas reaction occurs between the carbon and moisture remaining in the combustion flame, and carbon monoxide and hydrogen A mixed gas will be produced. Since this mixed gas is combusted by a combustion flame, complete combustion is promoted, which is advantageous for high-temperature combustion.

  According to the present invention, by providing the intermittent opening, the movement of the solid fuel to the combustion cylinder side is limited, the movement of the solid fuel on the rooster becomes gentle, which is advantageous for drying the solid fuel, Solid fuel is easily ignited. Furthermore, water generated by the drying of the solid fuel passes through the opening of the intermittent opening and is blown to the combustion flame of the solid fuel, thereby causing a water gas reaction and promoting complete combustion. A simple structure without adding a blower or auxiliary burner is advantageous for high-temperature combustion.

  By making the flow port easier to pass the solid fuel in the lower part than in the upper part, the water evaporated from the solid fuel is easily sprayed to the combustion flame of the solid fuel. By including a plate-like member with a notch in the plate-like member of the rooster, the degree of drying of the solid fuel is further increased, and ignition of the solid fuel is further facilitated.

  By keeping the opening area of the fuel supply cylinder widening toward the rooster side, as long as the fuel supply cylinder is filled with solid fuel, the state where the fuel supply cylinder is filled with the solid fuel is maintained. Is possible. Hot water and hot air can be taken out by passing water and air through the space in the combustion cylinder and the hollow pipe. By providing a fuel supply device that supplies solid fuel to the fuel supply cylinder, the number of times of refueling can be reduced.

1 is a schematic sectional view of a combustion apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The front view of the combustion apparatus 1 shown in FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the rooster 10 in the combustion apparatus 1 which concerns on one embodiment of this invention, (a) A figure is a perspective view which shows a front side, (b) A figure is a perspective view which shows a back side. The figure which looked at the range of the height H illustrated in FIG. 1 from the arrow A direction. The front view of the shielding member 40 in the combustion apparatus 1 which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a start state of injection of solid fuel 20 in a combustion apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The enlarged view of the vicinity of the rooster 10 of FIG. The top view of the ash extraction rooster 50 in the combustion apparatus 1 which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. Schematic which shows the example which used the combustion apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention as warm water or a warm air generator. Schematic which shows the example which used the combustion apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention as a warm air generator. Schematic which shows the example which used the combustion apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention as a warm water generator. The schematic which shows an example which supplies solid fuel continuously in the combustion apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. The external view of the combustion apparatus which concerns on the Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the combustion apparatus 1 will be schematically described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a combustion apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows a front view of the combustion apparatus 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the lid 32 of FIG. 1 is not shown in order to show the arrangement position of the rooster 10.

  1 and 2, in the combustion apparatus 1, a main body unit in which a fuel supply cylinder 2 and a combustion cylinder 3 are integrated is supported by a support leg 4. A chimney 6 is connected to the combustion cylinder 3. A solid fuel 20 can be input to the fuel supply cylinder 2 from the input port 5. The solid fuel 20 introduced from the introduction port 5 drops by gravity and accumulates on the rooster 10 provided at the lower part of the fuel supply cylinder 2. FIG. 1 shows a state where the inside of the fuel supply cylinder 2 is filled with the solid fuel 20.

  The type of the solid fuel 20 is not particularly limited, but as will be described in detail later, in the present embodiment, even if the solid fuel 20 containing moisture is used, it is advantageous for high-temperature combustion. As solid fuel containing moisture, crushed vegetation can be mentioned. Examples of plants to be crushed include forested trees such as felled trees, fallen trees, fallen leaves, bamboo forests such as various bamboos and moss, straw, agricultural crops such as stems and shafts of crops. Moreover, the object to be crushed is not limited to these, and may be a pruned product in a park, a riverbed, a waste of a woodworking establishment, a house demolished product, or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in the rooster 10, the plate-like members 11 are arranged in a step shape. Although the details will be described later, the solid fuel 20 burns in the lower part of the rooster 10. As a result, a combustion flame 8 is generated in the combustion cylinder 3, and an upward air flow in the direction of arrow a due to the combustion gas is generated. This updraft is exhausted outside through the chimney 6.

  An inflow port 30 for taking in outside air is formed in the lower part of the lid 32. Due to the generation of the updraft in the combustion cylinder 3, external air is sucked into the combustion device 1 through the inlet 30 (in the direction of arrow b). The sucked air passes through the ventilation space 14 of the rooster 10 (in the direction of arrow c) and is supplied to the solid fuel 20.

  As described above, in the combustion apparatus 1, the solid fuel 20 that has fallen to the lower portion of the rooster 10 burns while being supplied with the air that has passed through the inlet 30, and the combustion flame 8 is generated in the combustion cylinder 3 to produce combustion gas. Will be exhausted through the chimney 6. As a result, the temperature inside the combustion cylinder 3 becomes high, and the air and water that have passed through the inside of the combustion cylinder 3 from outside are turned into hot air or hot water, respectively, as will be described later with reference to FIGS. It becomes possible.

  3 is an enlarged perspective view of the rooster 10. FIG. 3A shows a front side on which the solid fuel 20 is deposited, and FIG. 3B shows a rear side on which outside air flows. The rooster 10 has a plurality of plate-like members 11 arranged in a step shape, and the tip of the lower plate-like member 11 is in a position protruding from the tip of the upper plate-like member 11. As a result, an inclined portion 12 is formed on the front side of the rooster 10. In FIG. 1, the solid fuel 20 is deposited on the inclined portion 12.

  The plurality of plate-like members 11 are fixed between a pair of left and right plates 13. The material of the plate member 11 and the plate 13 is, for example, iron. A ventilation space 14 is formed with a gap between the plate members 11 adjacent in the vertical direction. By forming the ventilation space 14, the air passing through the rooster 10 can be circulated. The rooster 10 is heated with the combustion of the solid fuel 20, and the air passing through the ventilation space 14 is heated by the rooster 10.

  A notch 15 is formed at the tip of each plate member 11, and a part of the air that has passed through the ventilation space 14 can pass through the notch 15. As a result, the rise of the heated air passing through the ventilation space 14 is promoted. Details of the flow of air passing through the rooster 10 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The rooster 10 in FIG. 3 is an example, and the number of plate members 11, the number of cuts 15 in each plate member 11, and the arrangement may be determined as appropriate. For example, in the example of FIG. 3, the cuts 15 in each plate member 11 have the same arrangement, but the arrangement may be changed for each plate member 11. Moreover, the plate-shaped member 11 without the notch 15 may be included, and the specification without the notch 15 in any of the plate-shaped member 11 may be sufficient.

  In FIG. 1, the space in the fuel supply cylinder 2 and the space in the combustion cylinder 3 are connected via a circulation port formed in the range of the height H below the combustion cylinder 3. This distribution port will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a view of the range of the height H illustrated in FIG. In FIG. 4, the shielding member 40 is disposed in the range of the height H. The range of the height H is an opening formed in the entire range of the height H when the shielding member 40 is not present. The opening is closed by the shielding member 40 leaving the circulation port 7.

  FIG. 5 shows a front view of the shielding member 40. As shown in FIG. 5, the shielding member 40 is one in which an adjustment rod 44 is integrated with a comb tooth portion 41. In the comb tooth portion 41, comb teeth 42 and gaps 43 are alternately arranged. The material of the shielding member 40 is, for example, iron. Although the entire adjustment rod 44 is not shown in FIG. 5, the adjustment rod 44 extends to the upper end of the fuel supply cylinder 2 as shown in FIG. 1. An adjustment screw 45 is attached to the tip of the adjustment rod 44, and the lower end position of the shielding member 40 can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment screw 45 to adjust the amount of protrusion of the adjustment screw 45.

  In FIG. 4, the lower end of the shielding member 40 is disposed at the position of the height h. Thus, a flow 7b that is a part of the flow port 7 is formed in the range of the height h. In a portion above the height h, a comb tooth portion 41 of the shielding member 40 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 5, a gap 43 is formed in the comb tooth portion 41, and a circulation port 7 a that is a part of the circulation port 7 is formed at a position corresponding to the gap 43 in FIG. 4. That is, in the arrangement part of the comb-tooth part 41 of the shielding member 40, the intermittent opening part 7c in which the circulation port 7a which is an opening and the comb tooth 42 which is a shielding part are alternately arranged is formed.

  The solid fuel 20 in the fuel supply cylinder 2 can move into the combustion cylinder 3 through the circulation port 7. In this case, the solid fuel 20 moves into the combustion cylinder 3 mainly through the circulation port 7 b not shielded by the comb teeth 42. In the intermittent opening 7c, the passage of the solid fuel 20 is restricted by the shielding by the comb teeth 42.

  On the other hand, in the intermittent opening 7c, the air sucked from the inflow port 30 (FIG. 1) and the water evaporated from the solid fuel 20 can pass through the circulation port 7a arranged intermittently. Details of this will be described later with reference to FIG.

  Hereinafter, the combustion apparatus 1 will be described more specifically while explaining the combustion procedure. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state where the solid fuel 20 is started to be charged. A thin splitting tree 21 that is an object to be ignited is placed on the rooster 10 in advance. Further, in the illustration of FIG. 6, the combustion material 22 is falling. The combustion material 22 is obtained by burning a small piece of cloth soaked with kerosene, for example.

  When the combustion material 22 falls, the subdivided tree 21 is ignited, and the subdivided tree 21 on the rooster 10 starts to burn. When the solid fuel 20 is input in this state, the solid fuel 20 is deposited on the burning split tree 21 on the rooster 10 and the solid fuel 20 is combusted.

  The burned cut wood 21 becomes ash, and the ash passes through the ash removal rooster 50 and falls into the ash reservoir 31. Details of the ash removal rooster 50 will be described later with reference to FIG. Even if the subdivided tree 21 is burned out, the solid fuel 20 that falls sequentially is supplied to the solid fuel 20 that is being burned, and the combustion of the solid fuel 20 is continued. In the state of FIG. 1, the chopped wood 21 of FIG. 6 is completely burned, and the solid fuel 20 that has fallen is supplied to the solid fuel 20 that is burning.

  FIG. 7 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the rooster 10 of FIG. In FIG. 7, the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 moves downward (in the direction of arrow e) along the inclined portion 12. External air taken in from the inflow port 30 (FIG. 1) passes through the ventilation space 14 formed between the plate-like members 11 (in the direction of arrow c).

  Here, in the lower part of the rooster 10, if the solid fuel 20 continues to burn, the lower part of the rooster 10 is heated. On the other hand, each plate-like member 11 of the rooster 10 is fixed between a pair of left and right plates 13. For this reason, if the lower part of the rooster 10 is heated, the heat of the lower part of the rooster 10 will be transmitted to the whole rooster 10 via the plate 13, and the whole rooster 10 will be heated to high temperature.

  Therefore, the air passing through the ventilation space 14 is heated, and the heated air is supplied to the solid fuel 20 so that the degree of drying of the solid fuel 20 is increased. As a result, the combustion of the solid fuel 20 is promoted.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, a notch 15 is formed at the tip of each plate-like member 11. As a result, as indicated by an arrow d in FIG. 7, a part of the air flowing through the ventilation space 14 rises through the cut 15. In this case, air is supplied to the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 from both directions of the arrow c direction and the arrow d direction. Therefore, the air heated via the ventilation space 14 easily reaches the solid fuel 20, the degree of drying of the solid fuel 20 is further increased, and the combustion of the solid fuel 20 is further promoted.

  The solid fuel 20 combusted in FIG. 1 moves to the combustion cylinder 3 side, and the ash 23 of the solid fuel 20 passes through the ash extraction rooster 50 and falls into the ash reservoir 31. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the ash removal rooster 50. The ash removal rooster 50 is provided with a lattice 52 inside the annular member 51. A gap 53 is formed between adjacent lattices 52. Through the gap 53, the ash 23 of the solid fuel 20 passes through the ash extraction rooster 50 and falls into the ash reservoir 31.

  Next, the movement of the solid fuel 20 from the fuel supply cylinder 2 side to the combustion cylinder 3 side will be described. As described above, in the range of the height H in FIG. 1, the intermittent opening 7 c in which the circulation port 7 a is intermittently disposed is formed as shown in FIG. 4. The reason why the intermittent opening 7c is formed is to allow the air sucked from the inlet 30 (FIG. 1) and the water evaporated from the solid fuel 20 to pass while restricting the passage of the solid fuel 20. . The same effect can be obtained even when one narrowed opening is arranged. However, since the intermittent openings 7c are alternately arranged with the circulation ports 7a, the passage of the solid fuel 20 is restricted over a wide range. While allowing air and moisture to pass through.

  The width W of the circulation port 7a may be appropriately determined according to the type of the solid fuel 20. For example, in the case of using a mixture of crushed materials such as vegetation having a particle diameter of about 2 to 10 mm as the solid fuel 20, by setting the width W of the distribution port 7a to 6 to 8 mm, the distribution port 7a The passing amount of the solid fuel 20 can be limited to a small amount.

  On the other hand, the circulation port 7b is formed in the lower part of the intermittent opening part 7c, and the shielding part is not formed. For this reason, the solid fuel 20 easily moves into the combustion cylinder 3 at the circulation port 7b. Accordingly, the solid fuel 20 moves into the combustion cylinder 3 mainly through the circulation port 7b while being prevented from moving in the intermittent opening 7c. As a result, the movement of the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 becomes gentle, and the solid fuel 20 gradually falls to the lower portion of the rooster 10. The solid fuel 20 reaching the lower part of the rooster 10 is supplied to the burning solid fuel 20 and combusted, and moves to the combustion cylinder 3 side mainly through the circulation port 7b.

  As described above, since the movement of the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 becomes gentle, the residence time of the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 also becomes long. For this reason, in FIG. 7, the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 is heated by passing through the ventilation space 14 and the time in which the air flowing in the directions of the arrows c and d is blown becomes longer. This is advantageous for drying of the solid fuel 20, and is easy to ignite when the solid fuel 20 reaches the lower part of the rooster 10.

  On the other hand, when the shielding member 40 is not provided in the range of the height H in FIG. 4, the restriction on the movement of the solid fuel 20 by the shielding member 40 is released. In this configuration, a large amount of the solid fuel 20 moves to the lower portion of the combustion cylinder 3 at a time. As the combustion of the solid fuel 20 proceeds, a large amount of the solid fuel 20 is deposited again on the solid fuel 20 being burned.

  As a result, the heating power of the combustion flame is once weakened and the temperature in the combustion cylinder 3 is also lowered. Further, when a large amount of the solid fuel 20 falls at a time, the solid fuel 20 that is not sufficiently dried also falls. This also contributes to a reduction in thermal power. Therefore, in the configuration in which the shielding member 40 is not provided, the temperature in the combustion cylinder 3 periodically decreases, which is disadvantageous for realizing stable high-temperature combustion.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, the opening area of the fuel supply cylinder 2 increases toward the rooster side 10. In this configuration, the solid fuel 20 in the fuel supply cylinder 2 easily falls. For this reason, when the solid fuel 20 on the rooster 10 moves to the lower part of the rooster 10, the solid fuel 20 in the fuel supply cylinder 2 falls immediately following this movement. Therefore, as long as the solid fuel 20 is filled in the fuel supply cylinder 2, it is possible to maintain the state where the rooster 10 is filled with the solid fuel 20.

  Here, as described above, in the intermittent opening 7c, the amount of the solid fuel 20 passing is limited, but air and moisture can pass through the circulation port 7a. Therefore, the air sucked from the suction port 30 in FIG. 1 flows in the ventilation space 14 of the rooster 10 in the direction of the arrow c, and is sucked into the combustion cylinder 3 through the circulation port 7a of FIG. .

  This suction air is heated when passing through the ventilation space 14 of the rooster 10 as described above. When this heated air is supplied to the solid fuel 20, the solid fuel 20 containing moisture is heated, and moisture evaporated from the solid fuel 20 is generated. This moisture moves along the flow of the suction air, and the moisture is blown out into the combustion cylinder 3 as shown by the arrow e in FIG.

  On the other hand, from the lower part of the opening 7, the burned solid fuel 20 moves into the combustion cylinder 3, and the combustion flame rises in the combustion cylinder 3. The moisture blown into the combustion cylinder 3 is blown onto the combustion flame.

  A water gas reaction is known in which a mixed gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is produced by reacting carbon with water vapor at a high temperature. This reaction changes the carbon in the combustion flame into a combustible gas, which further combusts and promotes complete combustion, which is advantageous for high-temperature combustion. In the example described later with reference to FIG. 13, a temperature increase up to at least 910 ° C. was confirmed in the combustion flame part without using an auxiliary burner or a blower.

  Moreover, generation of soot can be suppressed by complete combustion. As will be described later with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, in the present embodiment, by providing a hollow pipe in the combustion cylinder 2, the fluid to be heated that passes through the hollow pipe can be heated. By suppressing the generation of soot, the adhesion of soot to the hollow pipe is suppressed. As a result, a decrease in heat transfer to the hollow pipe can be suppressed, and a decrease in heating capacity can be prevented.

  Further, since the water evaporated from the solid fuel 20 goes into the combustion cylinder 3 as described above, it is prevented that these water stays in the deposited portion of the solid fuel 20. This is also advantageous for promoting the drying of the solid fuel 20.

  Hereinafter, the usage example of the combustion apparatus 1 is demonstrated, referring FIGS. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of use in which the combustion apparatus 1 is used as hot water or a hot air generator. A space 61 that is partitioned by upper and lower partition plates 60 is formed in the combustion cylinder 3. A plurality of hollow pipes 62 are erected in the space 61. In the hollow pipe 62, the combustion flame and the combustion gas in the lower part of the combustion cylinder 3 pass and are exhausted through the chimney 6. The fluid can be fed into the space 61 via the feed port 63, and the fluid in the space 61 can be sent via the feed port 64.

  As described above, when the combustion flame and the combustion gas pass through the hollow pipe 62, the hollow pipe 62 becomes high temperature, and the fluid in contact with the hollow pipe 62 is heated. For this reason, when water is sent into the space 61 via the inlet 63 using the water supply pump, the water contacts the hollow pipe 62 and hot water is taken out from the outlet 64. Similarly, when a blower is used and air is sent into the space 61 via the inlet 63, hot air is taken out from the outlet 64.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an example of use in which the combustion apparatus 1 is used as a hot air generator. A plurality of hollow pipes 65 are mounted so as to cross the combustion cylinder 3 in the radial direction. The hollow pipe 65 is heated by the combustion flame and the combustion gas rising in the combustion cylinder 3. A blower cylinder 66 and a delivery cylinder 67 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the combustion cylinder 3. A fan 69 of a blower 68 is disposed in the blower cylinder 66. Due to the rotation of the fan 69, the outside air passes through the heated hollow pipe 65 and is heated, and warm air is sent out from the delivery tube 67.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing an example of use in which the combustion apparatus 1 is used as a hot water generator. A coil tube 70 formed of a hollow pipe is disposed in the combustion cylinder 3. The coil tube 70 is heated by the combustion flame and the combustion gas rising in the combustion cylinder 3. When water is fed from the inlet 71 of the coil tube 70, this water circulates in the coil tube 70, and hot water flows out from the outlet 72 of the coil tube 70.

  10 and 11, in order to install a hollow pipe in the combustion cylinder 3, the combustion cylinder 3 is divided into two parts, an upper part and a lower part. A flange 35 is formed on each of the upper part and the lower part, and a pair of flanges 35 are fastened with bolts 36 to fix the upper part and the lower part. In the configuration of FIG. 9 as well, the combustion cylinder 3 may be similarly divided into two and fixed by a flange portion.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing an example of continuously supplying solid fuel. In the example of this figure, the fuel supply cylinder 2 of the combustion device 1 is further provided with a fuel supply device 80 for supplying the solid fuel 20. The tip of the screw feeder 75 faces the fuel supply cylinder 2. The lower end of the fuel supply container 77 faces the lower part of the screw feeder 75. The solid fuel 20 in the fuel supply container 77 is sent downward by the rotation of the feed screw 78 driven by the reduction motor 79 and supplied onto the screw feeder 75. The solid fuel 20 rises in the screw feeder 75 toward the fuel supply cylinder 2 side. The raised solid fuel 20 is introduced into the fuel supply cylinder 2 from the tip of the screw feeder 75.

  In this configuration, the fuel supply container 77 can be filled with a large amount of the solid fuel 20, and the solid fuel 20 can be continuously supplied to the fuel supply cylinder 2. For this reason, the state in which the fuel supply cylinder 2 is filled with the solid fuel 20 can be maintained for a long time, and the number of times of fuel supply can be reduced.

  FIG. 13 is an external view of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As an example, the height A from the contact surface to the upper end of the combustion cylinder 3 is 700 mm, the width B between the ends of the combustion cylinder 3 and the lid 32 is 600 mm, the outer diameter C of the combustion cylinder 3 is 300 mm, and the outside of the chimney 6 A product with a diameter D of 120 mm, a height E of the fuel supply cylinder 2 of 450 mm, and a maximum width F of the side surface of the fuel supply cylinder 2 of 150 mm was manufactured.

  The internal structure is the structure shown in FIG. 1, the fuel supply cylinder 2 and the combustion cylinder 3 are formed of iron plates, and the material of the rooster 10 (FIG. 3) and the shielding member 40 (FIG. 4) is iron. In FIG. 4, the height h is 50 mm, the height H is 145 mm, the total width of the opening 7 is 145 mm, and the width W of the flow port 7a is 6.8 mm. Moreover, the shielding part 42 was made into a round bar and had a diameter of 10 mm.

  In the examples, solid combustion (particle size of about 2 to 10 mm) obtained by crushing bamboo was introduced and burned, and the temperature was measured at a measurement point P in FIG. The measurement point P is a half position of the height H in the vertical direction, and a half position of the diameter of the combustion cylinder 3 in the horizontal direction. The temperature at the measurement point P was 700 ° C. after 5 minutes from the initial ignition, 887 ° C. after 30 minutes, and 910 ° C. after 33 minutes. After that, the temperature continued to rise, but the operation was stopped in about 40 minutes in order to prevent the combustion cylinder 3 from being broken. For this reason, it is considered that the maximum temperature stable in the combustion cylinder 3 is higher than 910 ° C. In addition to the measurement point P, there may be a position where the temperature is higher. Therefore, in this example, high temperature combustion at 910 ° C. was confirmed, but it can be said that high temperature combustion exceeding 910 ° C. is also possible.

  Moreover, the temperature of the ventilation space 14 was measured in the measurement points P1 and P2 of FIG. The measurement points P <b> 1 and P <b> 2 are half the height of the ventilation space 14 at a position 2 cm from the rear end of the plate-like member 11. The temperature measurement was between 35 and 40 minutes from the initial ignition. The measurement point P1 was 600 to 620 ° C, and the measurement point P2 above the measurement point P1 was 600 to 670 ° C. In other words, it was confirmed that the temperature at the measurement point P2 located above the measurement point P1 and further away from the lower portion of the rooster 10 that is the combustion portion is the same temperature as the measurement point P1.

  Moreover, in the Example, the observation window was provided in the combustion cylinder 3, and when the inside of the combustion cylinder 3 was looked at, it was confirmed that moisture was blown into the combustion cylinder 3. Furthermore, no soot was found inside the combustion cylinder 3 and the chimney 6.

  Here, the solid combustion used in the present embodiment is only crushed bamboo and has not undergone the pressurizing step. About this solid combustion, when the moisture content was measured using the heat drying type moisture meter, it was 28.7%. On the other hand, the moisture content of solid fuel called wood pellets, which are made by compacting wood after being powdered, is about 5 to 10%. In addition, when the wood pellets are burned with an iron plate-fired stove that does not use a blower or an auxiliary burner, the combustion temperature is usually less than 500 ° C.

  In the present embodiment, high-temperature combustion at 910 ° C. has been confirmed as described above, while using solid combustion with a high moisture content without using a blower or an auxiliary burner. Further, as described above, it has been confirmed that no soot is attached to the inside of the combustion cylinder 3 and the chimney 6 and that moisture is blown into the combustion cylinder 3. That is, in this embodiment, it is considered that complete combustion is promoted and high-temperature combustion is realized by the water gas reaction.

  Next, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a comb-like intermittent opening 7 c is provided on the upper side of the opening 7, and the lower part passes the solid fuel than the upper part of the circulation port 7. Although simplified, this effect may be realized by other configurations.

  For example, in the example of FIG. 4, the opening and the shielding portion are formed by the comb-tooth portion 41, but the opening and the shielding portion may be formed by a mesh member.

  Further, in the example of FIG. 4, the ventilation opening 7 a is a vertically long opening, but a horizontally long opening may be intermittently arranged in the vertical direction.

  Moreover, you may arrange | position a shielding member also in the position of the ventilation hole 7b in FIG. For example, there may be a specification in which an intermittent opening having a pitch of the comb teeth 42 larger than that of the intermittent opening 7c is provided at the position of the ventilation opening 7b so that the solid fuel can easily pass through the intermittent opening 7c.

  In the example of FIG. 4, the area of the opening and the shielding part can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the shielding member 40, but the opening and the shielding part may be fixed. For example, the opening and the shielding portion may be formed by providing a lattice shape in which a gap is intermittently arranged in the cylindrical body of the combustion cylinder 2.

  4 may be closed by the comb teeth 42 by adjusting the position of the shielding member 40 using the shielding member 40 having the comb teeth 42 made longer.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion device 2 Fuel supply device 3 Combustion cylinder 7,7a, 7b Flow port 7c Intermittent opening 8 Combustion flame 10 Rooster 11 Plate member 12 Inclination part 14 Ventilation space 15 Cut 20 Solid fuel 30 Suction port 40 Shield member 41 Comb Tooth part 42 Comb teeth 43 Gap 44 Adjustment rod 60 Partition plate 61 Space 62, 65 Hollow pipe 70 Coil tube 80 Fuel supply device

Claims (8)

A combustion apparatus comprising a fuel supply cylinder in which solid fuel falls, and a combustion cylinder in which a combustion flame of the solid fuel rises,
A rooster that forms a slope by arranging plate-like members in a staircase shape,
A ventilation space formed with a gap between the plate-like members;
A suction port for sucking outside air to be supplied to the solid fuel;
A distribution port connecting the space in the fuel supply cylinder and the space in the combustion cylinder;
The circulation port includes an intermittent opening in which the opening is intermittently arranged with a shielding part interposed between the openings,
The intermittent opening and the rooster are arranged to be filled with the solid fuel between the intermittent opening and the inclined portion of the rooster,
The plate-like member of the rooster includes a plate-like member in which a cut is formed at an end on the inclined portion side, and a part of the air that has passed through the ventilation space is raised in the cut. ,
Due to the rise of the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder, air is sucked from the suction port,
The sucked air passes through the ventilation space and is heated by the rooster,
The heated air is supplied to the solid fuel to evaporate moisture from the solid fuel;
The evaporated water is blown to the combustion flame of the solid fuel that passes through the intermittent opening and moves up the combustion cylinder.   2. The combustion according to claim 1, wherein the flow port changes the size of the opening or the shielding portion in a vertical direction so that the lower part can pass the solid fuel more easily than the upper part of the flow port. apparatus. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the shielding part is a movable member, and the opening area of the flow port can be adjusted by the movement of the shielding part. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an opening area of the fuel supply cylinder increases toward the rooster side. A space partitioned by upper and lower partition plates is formed in the combustion cylinder, and a hollow pipe is erected in the space, and the combustion flame or combustion gas generated from the combustion flame rises in the hollow pipe. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the fluid that passes through and flows into the space is heated in the space and flows out of the space. A hollow pipe is disposed in the combustion cylinder, and a fluid passing through the hollow pipe is heated by the combustion flame rising from the combustion cylinder or combustion gas generated from the combustion flame. 5. The combustion apparatus according to any one of 4 . Combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a fuel supply device for supplying the solid fuel to the fuel supply tube. A combustion method for a combustion apparatus, including a fuel supply cylinder in which solid fuel falls and a combustion cylinder in which a combustion flame of the solid fuel rises,
The combustion device comprises:
A rooster that forms a slope by arranging plate-like members in a staircase shape,
A ventilation space formed with a gap between the plate-like members;
A suction port for sucking outside air to be supplied to the solid fuel;
A distribution port connecting the space in the fuel supply cylinder and the space in the combustion cylinder;
The plate-like member of the rooster includes a plate-like member in which a cut is formed at an end on the inclined portion side, and a part of the air that has passed through the ventilation space is raised in the cut. ,
With the rise of the combustion flame in the combustion cylinder, air is sucked from the suction port,
The sucked air is heated in the rooster through the ventilation space,
Supplying the heated air to the solid fuel, evaporating moisture from the solid fuel;
The combustion method characterized by spraying the evaporated water on the combustion flame of the solid fuel that passes through the circulation port and moves up the combustion cylinder.

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