JP2014126356A - Heater with firewood as its fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate some defects found in a heating stove with firewood as its fuel that it shows a poor combustion efficiency due to heat radiation from a wall surface enclosing a combustion chamber, produces soot or smoke and the like and at the same time a location that can be used as a heat source is limited to a place near the heating stove of a heater and further energy that can be utilized as a heating operation or heat source is limited to heat radiation from the combustion chamber and a vertical flue, i.e. radiation heat, convective heat.SOLUTION: A rocket stove is constituted such that there are provided a plurality of air chambers defined in a height direction along an outer wall of an outer vertical flue, each of the air chambers is communicated to each other through fine holes, a lower air chamber is formed with an air flowing-in port and an upper air chamber is formed with an air discharging port. In addition, a water pipe is wound around an inner wall of the outer vertical flue in a coil-like manner and at the same time a water supplying port is arranged below it and a hot water discharging port is arranged above it. Further, a horizontal flue is extended into a greenhouse and connected to a vertical flue outside the greenhouse.

Description

  The present invention relates to heaters for greenhouses and drying plants that use firewood, thinned wood, bamboo, construction waste, and sawdust as fuel.

  Conventionally, various heaters and stoves using firewood or thinned wood as fuel have been considered, but all are types that radiate heat from the wall surrounding the combustion chamber. For this reason, the temperature of a combustion chamber does not become high temperature, combustion efficiency is bad, soot and smoke are discharged in large quantities, and temperature rise is also insufficient.

  Recently, it has been called a rocket stove, and the combustion chamber where fuel burns and the rear vertical flue are kept warm by a heat insulating material to maintain the combustion temperature at a high temperature, and the rising airflow generated there is used to convert the combustion air into the combustion section. In addition, there is a technology that aims to completely burn the unburned portion generated from the fuel.

  A combustion system called a rocket stove, which is a kind of wood-fired stove, is a combustion system in which the combustion gas in the lower heating section rises at the combustion gas rising section partitioned by the heat insulating material, and then is partitioned by the adjacent heat insulating section. It is the structure which descend | falls to a gas descending part and is sent to a radiation pipe next. This combustion method has good combustion efficiency and generates a small amount of smoke, and was a method practically used in the United States in the 1980s. (See Patent Document 1)

  A rocket stove that can be handmade using scrap materials has structural features in a chimney called a heat riser and a combustion chamber called a burn tunnel. The chimney called the heat riser is insulated, so the air in the chimney is immediately warmed up, creating a strong updraft in the chimney. In other words, even if the length is short, it becomes a strong chimney. This is why smoke does not come out of the mouth after igniting. In addition, heat is stored in the chimney, so that it can easily maintain the chimney effect even if the fire burns and the heat is low. Next is a combustion chamber called a burn tunnel, which also insulates (stores heat) like a heat riser. Then, the temperature of the combustion chamber rises rapidly and maintains a high temperature state for a relatively long time until the chimney, so that the combustion gas sufficiently undergoes a chemical change and burns, becoming a form close to complete combustion. There is a feature that even a small amount of firewood burns efficiently. (See Non-Patent Document 1)

JP 2012-145324 A

Rocket Stove, pages 16-17, pages 30-31 published; Japan Rocket Stove Promotion Association Author; Iant Evans + Leslie Jackson Date published: December 24, 2009

  In a conventional heating stove using soot as a fuel, heat is radiated from the wall surface surrounding the combustion chamber, so the temperature of the combustion chamber does not reach a high temperature. Therefore, combustion efficiency is poor and soot and smoke are generated. Moreover, although the technique of patent document 1 has proposed the technique which supplies soot as a fuel continuously, the site | part which can be utilized as a heat source is restricted to the vicinity of a heater. Furthermore, even in the technique described in Non-Patent Document 1, heating or a heat source can be used only for heat radiation from the combustion chamber and the vertical flue, that is, radiant heat and convection heat. There is a problem that it is limited to the vicinity.

  A substantially vertical shed, a combustion chamber connected to the throat and extending in a substantially horizontal direction, an internal vertical flue that rises vertically from the tip of the combustion chamber, and an internal vertical flue that is connected to the internal vertical flues and around the internal vertical flue In a so-called rocket stove comprising a formed external vertical flue and a horizontal flue connected below the external vertical flue, and covering the shed, the combustion chamber and the internal flue with a heat insulating material, A plurality of air chambers are provided along the outer wall of the external vertical flue in the height direction, and the air chambers communicate with each other through a narrow hole. The lower air chamber has an air inlet, and the upper air chamber has Form an air outlet. In addition, a water pipe is wound around the inner wall of the external vertical flue in a coil shape, and a water supply port is provided below it and a hot water outlet is provided above it. Furthermore, the horizontal flue was extended to the inside of the greenhouse and connected to a vertical chimney outside the greenhouse.

  By providing a plurality of air chambers partitioned in the height direction along the outer wall of the external vertical flue, the heat radiation from the wall surface of the external vertical flue is efficiently absorbed, and the temperature of the air passing therethrough is increased. The heated air is taken out as a new heat source, and heating at a place away from the heater is possible.

  In addition, the temperature of the combustion gas in the external vertical flue is decreased, the descending speed due to the increase in gas density is increased, the upward flow of the internal vertical flue is promoted, and the suction force of outside air to the combustion part is increased. Contributes to improved combustibility.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an overall structure showing an embodiment of the present invention. AA arrow view in FIG. The top view which shows one Example of this invention Schematic showing an example of use of the present invention heater

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Reference numeral 1 is a fuel port for fuel such as soot and sawdust that is set up substantially vertically, and 2 is a combustion chamber that is connected to the same port 1 and extends in a substantially horizontal direction and is generally called a burn tunnel. 3 is an internal vertical flue that rises vertically from the tip of the combustion chamber and is usually called a heat riser. 4 is an external vertical flue connected to the upper part of the internal vertical flue 3 and formed around the internal vertical flue 5, and 5 is a horizontal flue connected below the external vertical flue 4. Reference numerals 6 and 7 denote heat insulating materials for covering the combustion chamber 2 and the internal flue 3, respectively.

  9 is an air chamber formed along the outer wall of the external vertical flue 4, and the air chamber 9 is partitioned by a plurality of partition plates 8 in the height direction, and the air chambers 9 are separated from each other by the partition plate 8. The fine holes 10 are communicated with each other. An air inlet 11 is formed in the lower air chamber, and an air outlet 12 is formed in the upper air chamber. Reference numeral 13 denotes a blower fan for blowing warm air from the air discharge port 12. Reference numeral 14 denotes a water pipe wound in a substantially spiral shape along the inner wall of the heat insulating material 7 that covers the inner vertical flue 3, that is, the outer vertical flue 4, 15 is a water inlet, and 16 is a hot water outlet.

  In FIG. 4, 17 is a vertical chimney formed at the tip of the horizontal flue 5 that has passed through the greenhouse 18. Reference numeral 19 denotes a dryer for using the hot air sent by the blower fan 13. Reference numeral 20 denotes a fluid tank for supplying hot water to the water pipe 14 and receiving hot water coming out of the water pipe 14. A hot water pipe 21 extends from the fluid tank 20 and extends into the greenhouse 18, and is configured to return to the fluid tank 20 at the end.

  In such an apparatus, first, a sheet of crumpled newspaper is placed under the shed 1, ignited with a match, another sheet of newspaper is dropped when ignited, and a flame is set up when the flame becomes momentum. If a small firewood is lit, it will burn into a big firewood. The ignited flame travels from the combustion chamber 2 to the internal vertical flue 3. In addition to firewood, building waste can also be burned as fuel, and strong bamboo and sawdust can be used as fuel.

  In the heat-insulated fuel chamber 2, the flame becomes hot, and the flame proceeds to the internal vertical flue 3 rising up to 90 degrees, where a strong updraft is generated. Due to the structure that suddenly breaks from the fuel chamber 2 at 90 degrees, the updraft becomes turbulent in the internal vertical flue 3. As a result, the unburned gas is mixed with oxygen moderately, further combustion proceeds, and the temperature rises. The warm air pushed up by the strong updraft changes the direction by 180 degrees and is pushed downward into the external vertical flue 4.

  The still warm gas bends 90 degrees from the external vertical flue 4 and proceeds through the horizontal flue 5 while dissipating heat in the greenhouse 18, and when it reaches the chimney 17 rising outside the greenhouse 18, it creates an updraft again. Vomited.

  Since the combustion chamber 2 is covered with the heat insulating material 6, the temperature of the combustion chamber 2 rises, and a high temperature state can be maintained for a relatively long time until the chimney. In the meantime, the combustion gas burns with a sufficient chemical change, becoming a form close to complete combustion. Therefore, even a small amount of soot can burn efficiently. In addition, since the internal vertical flue 3 is also insulated by the heat insulating material 7, the air in the internal vertical flue 3 is immediately warmed, and a strong updraft is generated in the internal vertical flue 3. That is, even if the height of the internal vertical flue 3 is short, the chimney has a strong pull. For this reason, there is no smoke from the shed 1 after the fire is lit. In addition, heat is stored in the flue, so that the chimney effect can be easily maintained even if the fire burns and the heat is reduced.

  At this time, when air is supplied from the inflow port 11 to the air chamber 9 formed along the outer wall side of the external vertical flue 4, the air passes through the narrow holes 10 provided in the partition plate 8 between the air chambers 9. It goes up to the upper air chamber 9 while being heated by the hot air in the external water direct flue 4. Further, the hot air is collected by the blower fan 13 and sent to the dryer 19 to dry the food and agricultural products with hot air.

  On the other hand, the water supplied from the water inlet 15 passes through the water pipe 14 wound in a substantially spiral shape on the inner wall of the external vertical flue 4, that is, outside the covering heat insulating material 7 of the internal vertical flue 3. It is heated by hot air from the external vertical flue 4 and becomes hot water, taken out from the hot water outlet 16 and sent to the fluid tank 20. The hot water in the fluid tank 20 acts as a heat source for the greenhouse 18 while circulating in the hot water pipe 21 that is stretched in the greenhouse 18 without adjusting the temperature. The circulated water is collected and again led to the water inlet 15 to be warmed.

  As described above, the heater of the present invention efficiently burns firewood, sawdust, thinned wood, bamboo, building waste, and the like efficiently as fuel and generates high-temperature combustion gas for a long time even in a small device. be able to. Moreover, the generated high-temperature combustion gas can be efficiently heat-exchanged and taken out as hot air or hot water, and almost all of the heat generated by using it directly from the horizontal flue as a heat source for a greenhouse can be used effectively.

  And since the fuel burns completely in the heater, it is an environmentally friendly heater that hardly emits harmful components from the chimney. Further, the heat generated by the heater is very clean because it is used efficiently through a medium such as air or water and almost all of the heat is exchanged. Moreover, heat utilization is possible not only in the vicinity of the heater but also in a place away from the heater as before.

  Moreover, this invention heater can also utilize only a hot air as a heat source, and can also be comprised so that efficiency may be raised further using hot water together. Furthermore, the use of hot water is extremely economical because it is configured to recirculate the water after heat dissipation.

  The heater of the present invention can be used as firewood, wood scraps, sawdust, bamboo, waste materials, etc., which can be easily obtained anywhere in the country, and is optimal for emergency heating for disaster-stricken areas. is there. It can also be used as a heat source for greenhouses, dryers for food and agricultural products, or as a combination of them, as well as heating general homes. An extremely sufficiently high temperature and clean heat source can be easily obtained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel outlet 2 ... Combustion chamber 3 ... Internal vertical flue 4 ... External vertical flue 5 ... Horizontal flue 6, 7, ... Heat insulation material 8 ... Partition plate 9 · · Air chamber 10 · · Narrow hole 11 · · Air inlet 12 · · Air outlet 13 · · Air blower 14 · · Water pipe 15 · · Water inlet 16 · · Hot water outlet 17 · · Vertical chimney 18 · · Greenhouse 19 .... Dryer 20 .... Liquid tank 21 .... Hot water pipe

Claims (3)

  A substantially vertical shed, a combustion chamber connected to the throat and extending in a substantially horizontal direction, an internal vertical flue that rises vertically from the tip of the combustion chamber, and an internal vertical flue that is connected to the internal vertical flues and around the internal vertical flue In the so-called rocket stove comprising an external vertical flue formed and a horizontal flue connected below the external vertical flue, and the combustion chamber and the internal flue are covered with a heat insulating material, the external vertical smoke A plurality of air chambers are provided along the outer wall of the road in the height direction, and the air chambers communicate with each other through a narrow hole. Heater using fuel such as firewood characterized by forming   The heater according to claim 1, wherein a water pipe is wound around the inner wall of the external vertical flue in a coil shape, and a water supply port is provided below and a hot water outlet is provided above.   3. The heater according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal flue extends to the inside of the greenhouse and is connected to a vertical chimney outside the greenhouse.

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