RU160346U1 - HEATING AND COOKING FURNACE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Heating and cooking furnace, comprising a housing with a top plate, a door, a blower, a bottom and with external air ducts made on the walls, characterized in that the air ducts are made by bent profiles connected to the walls of the housing, 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in a longitudinal section. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in cross section. The stove according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall of the housing can be in the form of a cooking floor. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is vertically oriented, having a cross-sectional shape, providing maximum heat transfer.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for heating various rooms (country houses, greenhouses, garages, etc.) using solid fuel, mainly firewood.

Known furnaces for heating, having a metal casing framing the combustion chamber, called stove stoves. The walls of such furnaces are very hot and pose a risk of thermal burns when touched, which is especially critical when used in small rooms.

A universal heating device is known, comprising a housing formed by a front wall with a door for loading fuel, side, top and rear walls, a hearth, a chimney, a grate, an ash pan, a flue chamber, a firebox with a vault made in the form of a partition and having a hatch. Along the side walls there are heat exchanging tubes intersecting above the arch with open ends in communication with the environment, and these tubes are staggered to the hearth (see RF patent for utility model No. 85987 IPC F24B 5/00 (2006.01), 2009)

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity, high metal consumption with a sufficiently low heat transfer, because since open-ended heat exchangers are located inside the housing.

Known heating device containing a housing formed by the bottom, side, front, rear and upper walls; a chimney located in the upper part of the housing; grate installed in the bottom of the housing; an ash pan with an ash box located under the grate; upper and lower gas guards; tubes for supplying secondary air. Curved convective pipes are located along the side walls inside the casing, dividing the furnace space into the furnace and the upper zone. Open-ended convective pipes communicate with atmospheric air, while the lower ends of the pipes are hermetically fixed in the openings of the bottom of the body, and the upper ends of the convective pipes are hermetically fixed in the inclined parts of the side walls. The device contains convective screens located outside the housing and mounted on its side, front and rear walls (see RF patent for utility model No. 93501 IPC F24B 5/06 (2006.01), 2009).

This device has the same disadvantages as described above.

A heating and cooking furnace is known, comprising a housing with a top plate and a partition installed beneath it, a front wall with a blower door and a throttle, a bottom, a back and side walls made with vertically arranged external air ducts. Air ducts at the side walls are formed between the vertical corrugated side walls and the outer panels. The edges of the upper plate are made protruding beyond the dimensions of the corrugated walls. The panels in the upper part are flanged, forming, together with the edges of the upper plate, a nozzle whose cross-sectional area is approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the air ducts formed between the side wall and the panel (see patent for invention No. 2282790, IPC F24B 7/02 (2006.01) , 2006). This decision was made as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity and lack of efficiency, consisting in: a complex corrugated surface of the walls of the furnace; the presence of a movable plate for regulating the area of the partition; in the arrangement it was blown in the furnace door, which does not allow efficiently suck in air during ignition; insufficient insulation of the chimney can lead to smoke entering the room. It is difficult to remove the inevitable accumulation of ash as a result of the furnace, as plates are installed at the bottom, which also insulates the bottom and reduces the heat transfer efficiency.

The objective of the utility model is to simplify the design while maintaining the efficiency of convective heat transfer from the walls of the casing and ensuring ease of maintenance of the furnace.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the known heating and cooking furnace, comprising a housing with a top plate, with a door, with a blower, a bottom, and with external air ducts made on the walls, in accordance with the utility model, the air ducts are made by connected with the walls of the housing placed along its perimeter bent profiles.

Bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in a longitudinal section.

Bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in cross section.

The upper wall of the housing may be in the form of a hob.

The housing is made vertically oriented, having a cross-sectional shape, providing maximum heat transfer.

The technical result from the use of all the essential features of the utility model is to simplify the design while maintaining the efficiency of convective heat transfer from the walls of the housing and providing convenience for the maintenance of the furnace.

The implementation of the air ducts due to the bent profiles connected to the walls of the housing and placed along its perimeter allows to significantly simplify the design, reduce the metal consumption of the device and at the same time ensure high efficiency of convective heat transfer from the walls of the housing.

The length of the bent profiles, their number and the distance between them varies depending on the volume of the room, and, consequently, on the size of the furnace. For targeted, uniform and gradual distribution of heated air, they are mounted on the housing in various positions and in different mounting methods.

The implementation of bent profiles expanding from top to bottom in a longitudinal section contributes to the fact that the flow of air rising from bottom to top inside the cavity of the profiles due to convection collides in the upper part and creates turbulence in the air space of the room above the stove, which creates conditions for its more rapid heating. In addition, the execution of profiles having a smaller cross section in the upper part creates the Venturi effect, according to which the velocity of air outflow increases with the decrease in pressure in the elements located around the furnace. Taking into account that colder air enters the elements from below, and in the upper part it comes out hotter, the heating rate of the room increases.

The execution of the housing vertically oriented, having a cross-sectional shape, providing maximum heat transfer, increase the area of heat transfer.

FIG. 1 is a General view of the inventive furnace with profiles in front.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the oven.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the furnace

FIG. 4 is a section AA of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is an explosion diagram of a furnace.

The furnace consists of a housing 1 made, for example, of a vertical pipe, with a firebox located in the lower part of the housing. The housing 1 can be made vertically oriented barrel-shaped, or have a star-shaped cross-section or other cross-sectional shapes that provide maximum heat transfer.

A furnace box 2 with a door 3 can be located on the front side of the furnace to ensure the loading of solid fuel (see Fig. 1). Or door 3 can be located directly on the housing 1 (not shown conditionally). In the lower part under the furnace box, an ash scoop 4 can be made located under the bottom 5 of the furnace (see Fig. 4, 5). In the bottom there are grate openings for the passage of air supplied through the ash pan door 6, which serves as a blower.

On the outside, the furnace body is equipped with bent profiles 7 connected to it. The cavities between the walls of the profiles 7 and the side walls 8 of the housing 1 form external air ducts 9. These profiles 7 and, respectively, air ducts 9 can be made expanding from top to bottom in longitudinal section. The expansion of the channels 9 (see Fig. 4, 5) formed between the wall 8 of the housing 1 and the bent profiles 7 can be achieved, for example, by smoothly increasing the width of the side walls 10, 11 of each of the profiles 7 (see Fig. 5 ) Thus, the angle of inclination of the end wall 12 (see Fig. 5) of the bent profiles 7 to the vertical axis is from 1 ° to 30 ° (in the case when channels are used as profiles 7).

As profiles 7 can be used, for example, channels. Bent profiles 7 can be welded to the body, or connected to it with the possibility of dismantling and installed either vertically or at different angles. To ensure the dismantling of the bent profiles on the outer side of the side wall 8 of the housing can be made guides.

The upper wall 13 of the housing may be in the form of a hob, as shown in FIG. 1. The furnace is equipped with legs, allowing to increase heat transfer not only from the bottom wall of the furnace, but also due to the possibility of sucking in cold (not yet warmed up air accumulating on the floor surface) channels 9 located along the perimeter of the furnace between bent profiles 7 and side walls 8 furnace body.

The furnace operates as follows.

Fuel combustion occurs on the principle of gas generation due to the design of the furnace. Combustion occurs in three stages:

Stage 1 - the fuel is brought to a temperature of 100-250 ° C with the help of kindling (easily burning paper, wood chips, etc.). At this stage, solid fuels (in particular logs of firewood) smoke especially strongly, giving off steam, tar, gases such as carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen, which are directed upward by the action of traction.

Stage 2 - with a sufficient supply of oxygen, wood is burned, their temperature rises from 300 to 550 ° C, and then to 600 ° C. At this time, volatile flue gases are ignited, which contain about half the thermal energy of the wood.

Stage 3 of combustion is characterized by the formation of coals, which contain the other half of the energy potential.

When burning ceases, the stove will slowly cool.

Hot air resulting from the burning of firewood in the furnace rises, which ensures heating of the walls of the housing 8 and the bent profiles 7 connected to them. Fast heating of the room is carried out using the increased area of the furnace due to the bent profiles contacting it located on the outside of the housing 1 7 (for example, channels). The presence of bent profiles 7 connected to the housing 1, having varying height sizes of their walls (lateral 10, 11 or end 12) leads to higher heat transfer and due to the turbulence of the air mass of the room by convection flows leaving the air ducts 9 formed by passage sections of the walls profiles 7 and wall 8 of the housing. The channels 9 tapering upward create a Venturi effect, according to which in the elements 7 located around the furnace there is an increase in the rate of air outflow with a simultaneous decrease in pressure in the upper part, which provides an additional increase in the turbulence of air flows in the room. Thus, a room of a sufficiently large area can be quickly heated by installing a small-sized furnace in it.

The claimed utility model can be used both for space heating and for cooking due to the effective heating of the upper wall 13, used as a hob.

The furnace can be manufactured using modern materials, technologies and equipment.

Claims (5)

1. Heating and cooking furnace, comprising a housing with a top plate, a door, a blower, a bottom and with external air ducts made on the walls, characterized in that the air ducts are made by bent profiles connected to the walls of the housing located around its perimeter. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in a longitudinal section. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the bent profiles are made expanding from top to bottom in cross section. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall of the housing can be in the form of a cooking floor. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is vertically oriented, having a cross-sectional shape, providing maximum heat transfer.

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