WO2015149637A1

WO2015149637A1 - Combustion device for solid fuels

Info

Publication number: WO2015149637A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/074933
Authority: WO
Inventors: 车战斌
Original assignee: 车战斌
Priority date: 2014-04-04
Filing date: 2015-03-24
Publication date: 2015-10-08
Also published as: CN104976613A

Abstract

Disclosed is a combustion device (100) for solid fuels. An air inlet side (101) is formed above a furnace grate (14) in a furnace (10) and on one side of a fuel stocking layer (1) of the combustion device (100), a combustion side (102) is formed in the furnace (10) on the other side opposite to the fuel stocking layer (1); a shuffle mechanism (6) is arranged in the fuel stocking layer (1) above the furnace grate (14) for receiving the solid fuels, and the fuels in a combustion state can be shuffled by controlling the movement of the shuffle mechanism (6), which is beneficial for discharging ash.

Description

Solid fuel combustion device

Technical field

This invention relates to the field of solid fuel combustion, and more particularly to a solid fuel combustion apparatus.

Background technique

From the perspective of fuel classification, solid fuels are the most widely used combustion materials, especially coal, because of their abundant resources and safe use. In addition, with the increase in the demand for mineral solid fuels represented by coal, the reduction of resources, and the development of global new energy campaigns, renewable biomass burning materials such as straw, straw, wood, wood chips, The dead branches and the like are highly valued by people.

At present, the main way of using biomass burning materials is to ignite combustion directly. This method has very low combustion efficiency and generates a large amount of black smoke, causing environmental pollution.

Many people have been trying to burn biomass fuels with existing coal-fired stoves. Since the burning characteristics of biomass burning materials and mineral burning materials with high fixed carbon content are quite different, the existing burning stoves cannot adapt to the combustion of solid fuels composed of renewable biomass materials, causing combustion. The efficiency is low, and there are problems such as emission pollution, which restricts the application of biomass burning materials. In addition, the coal currently used in large quantities is high-grade coal with relatively high fixed carbon content, such as anthracite, bituminous coal, etc. Some low-grade coals, such as lignite, peat, etc., also use existing combustion devices, and also have low combustion efficiency. Black smoke and other issues, so it has not been widely used.

The inventors have found through careful study that the main difference between biomass burning materials and low-grade coal (such as lignite, peat, etc.) and high-grade coal is that high-grade coal has a high fixed carbon content (generally over 90%). Therefore, it is mainly fixed carbon combustion mode when burning; while biomass combustion materials and low-grade coal have relatively low fixed carbon content and relatively high volatile content (about 50%-70%). The solid fuel with high volatile content mainly has two characteristics: 1) the volatile matter precipitation temperature is lower than the volatile ignition point; 2) the volatile matter has a higher ignition point than the ash melting point.

The current combustion furnaces are generally classified into two types: a forward combustion furnace and a reverse combustion furnace. Due to the above characteristics of biomass fuel and low-grade coal, continuous combustion can not be achieved by using these two combustion furnaces.

When using existing forward combustion furnaces, there are the following problems:

1) Low combustion efficiency. During combustion, since the precipitation temperature of the volatile matter is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter, the volatile matter is first precipitated and discharged into the air in the form of black smoke, and the remaining fixed carbon portion is further burned, so that only the fixed carbon combustion is utilized. The heat generated is not only low in combustion efficiency, but also has emission pollution.

2) Can not continue to burn. The existing combustion device generally enters the wind through the furnace, so that the solid fuel on the furnace is subjected to high-temperature combustion. Since the ash melting point is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter and the fixed carbon, the combustion is performed in a high-temperature environment in which the carbon is burned on the furnace. After the ash is in a viscous molten state, it will paste on the furnace and cannot be normally discharged through the furnace or other ash-discharging mechanism (such as the ash stick), so that the viscous ash is mixed and burning. The fuel greatly affects the combustion efficiency of the fuel. Moreover, the viscous ash adheres to the furnace raft, blocking the air inlet passage on the furnace, a section After the time, the furnace will be killed, so that the furnace cannot continue to work.

The characteristic of the trans-burning furnace is that the fire outlet is lower than the furnace, so that the flame generated by the combustion passes through the furnace and then reaches the fire exit. This combustion mode can be ignited by the flame when passing through the furnace as compared with the forward combustion, and the combustion efficiency is improved. However, since the high temperature flame is located in the furnace position, this also makes the temperature of the furnace position very high. In the high temperature environment, the burnt ash is in a viscous molten state, which will paste on the furnace and block the furnace. The air flow passage will soon ruin the furnace, making the furnace unable to continue working.

The Chinese utility model patent No. 01220213695.8 proposes a hot blast stove 900 which can be used for full combustion of various solid combustibles and multi-point air distribution. As shown in FIG. 2, the hot blast stove includes a furnace body, and an upper combustion chamber 92 and a lower combustion chamber 93 are respectively disposed in the furnace body, and an upper furnace 94 and a lower furnace are respectively disposed at the bottoms of the upper combustion chamber 92 and the lower combustion chamber 93, respectively. 95. Below the lower furnace 95 is a ash removal chamber 96, and a burner outlet 98 is provided on the furnace body of the lower combustion chamber 93. The upper combustion chamber 92 is provided with a funnel-shaped combustion chamber 910 whose upper portion is integrated with the inner wall of the furnace, and whose lower portion is reduced in diameter. The lower port of the funnel-shaped fuel tank 910 is located on the upper furnace 94, and the center of the funnel-shaped fuel tank 910 A cylindrical pyrotechnic passage 911 having a lower end opening is formed in the longitudinal direction, and an annular upper air passage 912 is formed between the outer wall of the lower portion of the funnel-shaped fuel storage tank 910 and the inner wall of the furnace body 91, and the outer wall of the lower cylinder of the funnel-shaped fuel storage tank 910 is evenly opened. There are a plurality of air inlet holes 913. The outer wall of the furnace body 91 is provided with two air inlets 914 communicating with the annular air duct, and the air inlet 914 is connected with the air duct 915.

The hot blast stove attempts to solve the problems of forward combustion and trans combustion by combining positive and negative combustion. However, when the hot blast stove 900 is used, it has the following defects and cannot be continuously used:

1) Since the upper combustion chamber 92 and the lower combustion chamber 93 are separated by the upper furnace 94, during the combustion process, the fuel which is not completely burned in the upper combustion chamber 92 needs to fall into the lower combustion chamber 93 to continue burning, if it falls into The burning rate of the incompletely combusted fuel in the lower combustion chamber 93 cannot match the speed at which the upper furnace 93 is dropped to the lower combustion chamber 93, and the incompletely combusted fuel in the lower combustion chamber 93 is more and more, for a period of time. After that, the outlet port 98 in the lower combustion chamber 93 is blocked, and not only the combustion cannot be continued, but also the gas in the combustion chamber may emerge from the air inlet, which may cause a safety accident. However, due to the difference in the burning speed of different fuels, it is difficult to ensure that the combustion speeds of the upper and lower combustion chambers are completely matched during actual use, so that there is an unsafe hidden danger when the hot blast stove is used.

2) The fuel is burned in the upper combustion chamber 92, and the flame needs to pass through the upper furnace to enter the lower combustion chamber, so that the temperature of the upper furnace is still high, and there is still a problem of melting on the upper furnace, burning for a period of time. After that, the molten ash from the upper furnace binds the fuel on the upper furnace together, and cannot be discharged to the lower combustion chamber through the upper furnace. The fuel can only be burned in the upper combustion chamber, and the ash on the upper furnace is finally completely The upper furnace is stuck, which causes the hot stove to not work continuously.

3) As shown in Fig. 2, in order to improve the combustion efficiency, the hot air furnace has a large amount of air from the lower furnace 95 at the bottom of the lower combustion chamber 93, causing the temperature of the lower furnace 95 to be too high, and some solid biomass fuels ( The ash melting point of the straw is relatively low, so that the hot blast stove generates a ashing phenomenon when burning the solid biomass fuel, so that the ash produced by the combustion is in a viscous molten state and is bonded to the furnace 95. Thus, after the hot blast stove is operated for a period of time, the gap of the lower furnace 95 is melted and the ash is not effectively discharged, thereby causing the hot blast stove to be unable to continue working.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a solid fuel burner suitable for combustion of a solid fuel (e.g., biomass fuel) having a high volatile content to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the existing combustion furnace and to achieve orderly controlled combustion of the solid fuel.

Summary of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a solid fuel combustion method and a combustion apparatus which can not only sufficiently burn volatile matter in a solid fuel, but also solve the problem of welding, thereby ensuring continuous combustion of the fuel.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solid fuel combustion apparatus comprising a furnace having an air inlet and a solid fuel feed port on the furnace, wherein the feed port is provided at the top of the furnace A furnace is arranged in the furnace corresponding to the feed port to receive solid fuel entering from the feed port, and the solid fuel forms a stack layer between the feed port and the furnace, and the stack layer is above the furnace on one side of the stack The furnace is formed as an inlet side, and the other side of the stack opposite to the inlet side is formed as a combustion side; and a combustion chamber that is connected to the outlet of the exhaust gas is formed on the combustion side to enter the furnace of the furnace The generated main airflow passes through the stacking layer and passes through the stacking layer to enter the combustion chamber, and finally exits from the exhaust gas outlet. Among them, a material discharging mechanism is arranged in the stacking area of the solid fuel above the furnace to control the material discharging mechanism. The movement will loosen the fuel in a burning state.

The working principle of the combustion apparatus of the solid fuel of the present invention is described as follows. In the combustion process, the volatile matter is precipitated in the fuel and the fixed carbon combustion is carried out in the stacking layer. As the combustion progresses, the volume of the volatile matter after the fuel is released becomes smaller. Under the action of gravity, it automatically moves downwards and is gradually ignited by the lower combustion flame. The new fuel is automatically replenished from the feed port to the pile layer. The fixed carbon combustion of the lower layer fuel provides the heat required for the volatilization of the upper layer of new fuel. The replenishing speed of the new fuel depends on the burning speed of the lower layer fuel, thereby naturally achieving the matching of the volatilization of the upper layer and the burning speed of the fixed carbon fuel, and effectively solving the safety hazard problem of the existing hot blast stove due to the mismatch of the burning speed.

At the same time, during the combustion process, the fuel newly added to the pile layer is heated by the lower layer of fixed carbon fuel, and the volatile matter is discharged toward the combustion chamber, and the lower layer of fixed carbon fuel is burned to generate flame. The flame is also driven toward the combustion chamber by the air flow. When the volatile matter passes through the combustion flame, it is ignited by the high temperature generated by the combustion flame, thereby achieving full combustion of the volatile matter. Moreover, since the combustion apparatus of the present invention can automatically and orderly feed by gravity with the progress of combustion, the combustion furnace can be placed in an unattended operation state, which not only saves labor, but also causes the pile layer to be in a dynamic equilibrium state. The fixed carbon combustion and volatile matter precipitation have been in a continuous and stable combustion state, which effectively ensures the full combustion of the volatiles, improves the combustion efficiency, and realizes the orderly controllable combustion of the combustion furnace.

Further, since the present invention introduces air from one side of the stack layer, a combustion chamber is provided on the combustion side opposite to the inlet side of the stack layer. In this way, under the action of the airflow, the high-temperature flame of the lower layer fixed carbon combustion passes through the combustion side of the pile layer, forming a high-temperature flame zone on the combustion side, providing the high-temperature environment required for ignition of the volatile matter, and the pile layer is at the bottom. There is almost no airflow through the furnace location, so there is no high temperature fire bed at the bottom furnace location. Moreover, as the combustion progresses, the fixed carbon fuel whose volume becomes smaller gradually moves downward, and the longer the burning time, the lower the fixed carbon fuel is located, so that the lower the fixed carbon combustion layer is lower, the lower the temperature, the combustion station The resulting ash is also passed under the action of gravity during the downward movement of the fixed carbon fuel. The bottom furnace is discharged into the lower ash chamber, which effectively solves the problem of the ash existing in the existing combustion furnace and ensures the continuous and stable combustion of the furnace.

Based on the above-described working principle of the present invention, the position above the furnace is located substantially at the lower portion of the pile layer, which is basically a combustion layer of fixed carbon in which the volatile matter has been precipitated in the fuel. The fuel in this layer is in a burning state, and if the ash generated on the fuel surface is not discharged in time, there is sometimes a crusting phenomenon; in addition, the lower fixed carbon combustion layer is under the gravity of the fuel above the fuel. The gap is greatly reduced, affecting the burning effect of fixed carbon. In the present invention, a feeder is provided in a pile area for receiving solid fuel above the furnace. The dispenser is located substantially at the location of the combustion layer of the fixed carbon and is controlled to effect the movement of the material. The fuel of the combustion layer of the fixed carbon can be loosened to increase the gap of the fuel, which is beneficial to the combustion of the combustion layer of the fixed carbon, and can also facilitate the burning of the ash generated after the fuel in the combustion layer is burned. The gap is discharged.

In addition, the dispenser of the present invention controls the dispensing of the material according to the user's demand for the combustion state, especially when the combustion efficiency is required to be activated.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the dispensing mechanism consists of a rotary dispenser or a mobile dispenser.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the dispenser includes a skip roller having a feed fin arranged thereon. Wherein, the material-receiving fins arranged on the material-receiving roller are composed of a material bar or a material ring. The material-receiving fins are arranged on the pick-up roller symmetrically along the axial direction of the dialing roller, or are arranged asymmetrically or spirally.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the dispenser is comprised of a picking rim or a spiral strip. The skip rim or the spiral strip can be provided with a skip spoke to support the skip roller.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the feed roller is rotated by a rotating shaft to form a rotary dispenser.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the pick roller is moved by the moving rod to form a mobile dispenser. Wherein, the rotary dispenser or the mobile dispenser is controlled to rotate or move by a manual or a driving device.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the rotational axis of the rotary dispenser is disposed substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the primary airflow, and the rotation of the selector is controlled to toggle the fuel toward the combustion side.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the grate is spaced from the inner wall of the grate at one edge of the combustion chamber, the axis of rotation of the rotary dipper being substantially parallel to the grate edge spaced from the inner wall of the grate .

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, two or more material dispensing mechanisms are disposed above the hearth.

In an optional example of the present invention, the two upper side faces of the furnace above the furnace between the inlet side and the combustion side, and the two sides of the pile layer between the inlet side and the combustion side are The formed natural stacking slope is uniform or located inside the natural stacking slope, so that the two sides of the stacking layer between the inlet side and the burning side are in contact with the inner wall of the furnace.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the axis of the pick roller of the picker having the spiral strip is disposed along the direction of flow of the primary air stream.

Experiments have shown that with the above-mentioned combustion furnace of the present invention, the volatile matter can be almost completely burned, and the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace The rate is over 95%, and there is no black smoke emission, which achieves clean emissions of solid fuel combustion with high volatile content. The combustion furnace of the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of gravity and heat transfer, can not only meet the requirements of the fuel principle, realizes automatic and orderly combustion of fuel, has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient use, and thus is a solid with high volatile matter. The promotion and application of fuel provides favorable conditions.

In the present invention, by using the material setting mechanism provided in the combustion layer, the fuel in the burning state can be loosened to increase the gap of the fuel, thereby improving the combustion effect and facilitating the elimination of the ash.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional positive and negative hot air furnace;

Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the combustion state of the combustion apparatus of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a combustion apparatus of the present invention using a rotary type shifter;

4 is a schematic structural view of a combustion apparatus of the present invention using a mobile type hopper;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the dispenser of the present invention;

5A is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 5;

5B is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 5;

5C is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 5;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the dispenser of the present invention;

6A is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 6;

6B is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of the dispenser shown in FIG. 6;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the dispenser of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the dispenser of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion apparatus provided with a screw type feeder;

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the burner of the present invention using a plurality of dispensers;

Description of the figure:

Combustion device 100; heat exchange device 200; exhaust gas discharge port 201;

Furnace 10; inlet side 101; combustion side 102; side wall faces 103, 104;

Stack layer 1; two

opposite sides

161, 162; natural stacking slope 16; feed port 11; air inlet 12; furnace 14; feed hopper 15; combustion chamber 3;

Solid fuel 5; volatile matter 51; fixed carbon fuel 52 after volatilization; ash 53.

The feeding mechanism 6; the rotary type discharging mechanism 601; the movable type discharging mechanism 602; the material feeding roller 61; the rotating shaft 611; the moving rod 612; the material feeding fin 62; the rod-shaped material feeding fin 621; the annular material feeding wing 622; Spiral strip 63; strip rim 66; drive unit 64;

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 and 10, a solid fuel combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a furnace 10 in which an air inlet 12 and a solid fuel feed port 11 are provided. The feed port 11 is provided at the top of the furnace 10, and a furnace 14 for receiving the solid fuel 5 entering from the feed port 11 is provided in the furnace 10 corresponding to the feed port 11, and the solid fuel 5 is at the feed port 11 A pile layer 1 is formed between the furnace layer 14 and a furnace above the furnace 14 on one side of the pile layer 1 is formed as an inlet side 101, and the other side of the pile layer 1 opposite to the inlet side 101 The furnace is formed as a combustion side 102; a combustion chamber 3 that is electrically connected to the exhaust gas outlet 201 is formed on the combustion side 102, so that the main airflow generated by the wind entering the furnace (as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2) is substantially formed by the inlet side 101. After passing through the pile layer 1 laterally, it enters the combustion chamber 3 and is finally discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 201. Wherein, a material discharging mechanism 6 is disposed in the stacking area of the solid fuel 5 above the furnace 14, and the movement of the discharging mechanism 6 is controlled to move the fuel in a burning state stacked in the stacking area.

The working principle of the invention is that a feed port 11 is arranged at the top of the furnace 10, and a corresponding furnace inlet 11 in the furnace 10 is provided with a furnace 14 for receiving solid fuel entering from the feed port 11, entering from the feed port 11. The fuel forms a pile layer 1 on the furnace 14, the furnace 10 above the furnace 14 is formed on the side of the pile layer 1 as the inlet side 101, and the other side opposite the inlet side 101 is formed to be combusted Side 102, the stack layer 1 isolates the inlet side 101 from the combustion side 102, and the pile layer 1 constitutes a partition between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 above the furnace 14; the combustion side 102 is connected At the combustion chamber 3 of the exhaust gas outlet 201. During combustion, the pile layer 1 is ignited, and air is introduced from the inlet side 101 of the pile layer 1, the wind passes transversely through the pile layer 1, and exits from the combustion side 102 of the pile layer 1, the wind is directed toward the combustion flame The combustion chamber 3 is burned, the fuel gradually moves down as the volume becomes smaller, and the new fuel is automatically replenished to the stack layer 1 under the action of gravity, and the volatiles 51 are heated to precipitate, and the volatiles 51 are deposited from the stack layer. The combustion side 102 of 1 flows out and flows toward the combustion chamber 3, and the volatile matter 51 is ignited by the combustion flame that is burned toward the combustion chamber 3, enters the combustion chamber 3 for combustion, and the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 201; meanwhile, after the volatile matter 51 is precipitated The fixed carbon fuel 52 is ignited, carbon combustion is performed, and a new combustion flame is generated. The ash 53 generated after the burnout is discharged through the furnace 14 at the bottom of the pile layer 1, and as the combustion progresses, the new fuel is continuously replenished. On the 1st, a combustion cycle is formed.

In the present invention, the stack layer 1 formed between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14 can have the inlet side 101 and the combustion side. The 102 is isolated to form a partition separating the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102. A combustion chamber 3 is formed on the combustion side 102 to be electrically connected to the exhaust gas outlet 201, so that the main airflow generated by the wind entering the furnace 10 passes through the stacking layer 1 substantially transversely from the inlet side 101 into the combustion chamber 3, and finally from the exhaust gas. The outlet 201 is discharged.

The main air flow generated by the wind entering the furnace 10 of the present invention refers to the majority of the air flow generated by the wind, which flows from the air inlet side 101 of the pile area 1 substantially transversely through the pile layer 1 from the combustion side 102; during the combustion process The wind entering the furnace 10 mainly produces a gas flow transversely passing through the pile layer 1, and the bottom of the furnace layer 14 at the bottom of the stack layer 1 has almost no air flow or a weak air flow passes through the bottom furnace 14 as long as the weak The airflow does not affect the main airflow direction, and does not affect the effect of the combustion apparatus of the present invention, that is, the combustion apparatus of the present invention can ensure that the main airflow direction in the combustion process enters from the inlet side 101 of the pile layer 1 and passes through the combustion side 102. It is within the scope of the invention to form a lateral combustion pattern substantially transversely through the stock layer 1.

The stock layer 1 in the present invention refers to a pile formed of a solid fuel between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14. During the combustion process, the newly introduced fuel in the upper layer is first heated to a temperature at which the volatile matter is precipitated to precipitate volatiles, and then ignited for fixed carbon combustion, and gradually decreases as the volume of the fuel becomes smaller as the combustion progresses. The ash 53 generated after the burnout is discharged through the furnace 14; at the same time, the new fuel is automatically replenished to the pile layer 1 under the action of gravity, so that the pile layer 1 between the feed port 11 and the furnace 14 is burning. The process is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, maintaining a stable stock shape.

According to the above combustion method and combustion apparatus 100 of the present invention, since the fuel is released from the volatile matter 51 and the fixed carbon combustion is in the furnace above the furnace 14, during the combustion, the fuel is released after the volatile matter 51 is released. The volume becomes smaller, automatically moves downward under the action of gravity, and is gradually ignited by the lower combustion flame. The new fuel is automatically replenished from the feed port 11 to the pile layer 1 under the action of gravity, and the fixed carbon combustion of the lower layer of fuel is The evaporation of the upper fuel volatiles provides the required heat, and the replenishing speed of the new fuel depends on the burning speed of the lower fuel, thereby naturally achieving the natural matching of the upper volatiles precipitation and the burning speed of the fixed carbon fuel 52, effectively solving the existing hot air furnace. A safety hazard problem due to a mismatch in burning speed.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2, during the combustion process, the volatiles 51 which are heated and precipitated by the lower fixed carbon fuel 52 are flowed toward the combustion chamber 3, and the lower fixed carbon fuel 52 is burned to generate a flame which is also directed toward the air. The combustion chamber 3 is burned, and when the volatile matter 51 passes through the combustion flame, it is ignited by the high temperature generated by the combustion flame, thereby achieving sufficient combustion of the volatile matter. Moreover, since the present invention can automatically and orderly feed by gravity with the progress of combustion, the combustion device can be placed in an unattended operating state, which not only saves manpower, but also because the stack layer 1 is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, the stack layer 1 Maintaining a stable stock shape during the combustion process, so that the fixed carbon combustion and volatile matter precipitation in the furnace 1 are always in a continuous stable combustion state, effectively ensuring full combustion of volatiles, improving combustion efficiency, and achieving combustion. Orderly controlled combustion of the device.

In addition, since the present invention provides a combustion chamber 3 from the combustion side 102 of the side of the stack layer 1 and opposite the inlet side 101, the main gas stream is passed transversely through the stack layer 1 from the combustion side 102, A high temperature flame zone is formed on the combustion side 102 of the stock layer 1 to provide a high temperature environment for ignition of the volatiles to form a lateral combustion mode. This burning In this way, since the combustion flame is mainly concentrated on the side of the pile layer 1, there is no high temperature fire bed at the position of the furnace 14; and as the combustion progresses, the fixed carbon fuel with a small volume gradually moves down, and the longer the combustion time is fixed The carbon fuel is located in the downward position, so that the lower the fixed carbon combustion layer in the lower part of the pile layer 1 is, the lower the temperature is. The ash 53 generated by the combustion is also moved downward by the fixed carbon fuel 52 under the action of gravity. The bottom furnace 14 is discharged into the lower ash chamber 4, thereby effectively avoiding problems such as paste furnace slag caused by melting at the furnace position, and ensuring continuous and stable combustion of the combustion device.

In the present invention, a material discharge mechanism 6 is provided in a pile area for receiving solid fuel above the furnace 14. The dispensing mechanism 6 is substantially at the location of the combustion layer that fixes the carbon and is controlled to effect the movement of the material. The fuel of the combustion layer of the fixed carbon can be loosened to increase the gap of the fuel in the combustion state, which is beneficial to improving the combustion of the combustion layer of the fixed carbon, and at the same time, is beneficial for burning the fuel in the combustion layer after burning off. The ash is discharged from the gap after loosening.

Since the combustion direction of the present invention is from the inlet side to the combustion side, the combustion layer of the fixed carbon in the present invention has a higher temperature near the combustion side 102, and the combustion rate of the portion of the fuel is high and the temperature is high, and the high temperature combustion state is high. If the ash is not smooth, it is easy to scar. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the furnace 14 is spaced from the inner wall of the furnace at one side edge of the combustion chamber, and the crucible of the fuel 5 during the combustion process can be conveniently disposed by the material discharging mechanism 6. The furnace 14 is disengaged at the interval of one side of the combustion chamber to ensure normal combustion of the combustion layer of the furnace 14 above the combustion chamber, which is dominated by fixed carbon combustion.

As shown in FIG. 3, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the dispensing mechanism 6 is constituted by a rotary type discharging mechanism 601.

As shown in FIG. 4, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the dispensing mechanism 6 is constituted by a mobile dispensing mechanism 602.

As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 6B, in the above alternative embodiment, the dispensing mechanism 6 includes a skip roller 61 on which the skipping fins 62 are arranged.

Wherein, the material-receiving fins 61 are arranged on the pick-up roller 61 by rod-shaped feed fins 621 (as shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 5A to FIG. 5C) or annular-shaped feed fins 622 (FIG. 6, FIG. 6A). Figure 6B). Specifically, in this embodiment, the annular feed fin 622 is a U-shaped ring or a semi-circular ring, or other shape-fetching fins 622 of the same principle and function. The material feeding fin 62 of the present invention is used to disturb the fuel in the burning state during the movement, and is loosened to increase the gap between the fuels. Therefore, the material feeding fin 62 can be any shape that realizes the above function, and It is limited to the specific shape shown in the figures of the present invention.

In an alternative embodiment of the materializing fins 62 of the present invention, the materializing rollers 61 are arranged with the material feeding fins 62 arranged symmetrically along the axial direction of the marking roller 61, as shown in Figs. 5A, 5B, 6A, and 6B. Shown.

The material feeding fins 62 are arranged asymmetrically along the axial direction of the materializing roller 61 as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6;

The feed fins 62 are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the skip roller 61 as shown in Fig. 5C.

As shown in FIG. 7, in an alternative embodiment of the skipper 62 of the present invention, the skipper 62 is comprised of a skip rim 66. The skip rim 66 is provided with a skip spoke supported on the skip roller 61.

As shown in Fig. 8, in another alternative embodiment of the materializing fin 62 of the present invention, the materializing fin 62 is formed by a spiral strip 63. The spiral strip 63 is provided with a skip spoke supported on the skip roller 61. The spiral strip 63 in this embodiment has a directionality of the material, and has the function of directionalally pushing the fuel or pushing the knot while the material is being plucked.

In the alternative embodiment of the movement of the skip roller 61 of the present invention, the skip roller 61 is rotated by the rotary shaft 611 to form a rotary feed mechanism 601, as shown in Figs.

In the present invention, the rotating shaft 611 can be controlled to rotate by a manual or a driving device.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, a driving device 64 is provided at one end of the rotating shaft 611 of the skip roller 61, and the driving device 64 drives the skip roller 61 to rotate. This embodiment is suitable for use in a heating apparatus for heating, and continuous movement of the material during combustion can be achieved by continuous rotation of the driving unit 64.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a handle 65 may be disposed at one end of the rotating shaft 611 of the skip roller 61. The manual rotation of the handle 65 can also realize the rotational movement of the skip roller 61, thereby forming a rotary material. 601. The embodiment is suitable for an oven for cooking or a general household stove. The user can manually rotate the handle 65 according to the requirements of the combustion state to improve the combustion state of the fuel in the furnace at any time.

In an alternative embodiment of the movement of the skip roller 61 of the present invention, the skip roller 61 is moved by the moving rod 612 to form a mobile dispensing mechanism 602. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the handle 65 can be coupled to the moving rod 612. Pulling the handle 65 in the axial direction of the moving rod 612 can drive the axial movement of the setting roller 61 to constitute the mobile dispensing mechanism 602. In the present embodiment, the mobile dispenser 602 is manually controlled to move by the handle 65. In the mobile dispenser 602, in addition to the manually controlled embodiment, the mobile motion of the mobile dispenser can also be controlled by the drive. The driving device for controlling the movement of the dispenser can adopt conventional technical solutions such as connecting rod, cam, pneumatic or hydraulic.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotational axis of the rotary dispenser 601 is disposed substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the main airflow (as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2), and the rotary shifter 601 is controlled. Rotation moves the fuel toward the combustion side 102.

In this embodiment of the invention, the furnace 14 may be spaced from the inner wall of the furnace 10 at one side edge of the combustion chamber 3, and the material discharge mechanism 6 is disposed substantially parallel to the edge of the furnace 14 spaced from the inner wall of the furnace. In the present embodiment, the furnace 14 is not provided on the side of the combustion chamber 3 and is spaced apart from the inner wall of the furnace 10. When a knot is formed in the combustion layer 1, the material discharging mechanism 6 passes the knot to the lower gray chamber 4 of the furnace 10 through the interval.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, two or more material feeding mechanisms 6 may be disposed above the furnace 14. This embodiment is suitable for a combustion apparatus 100 having a large furnace.

As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, the two opposite sidewall faces 103, 104 between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102 of the furnace 10 above the furnace 14 and the stack layer 1 on the inlet side 101 are The natural stacking slopes 16 that may be formed by the two

sides

161, 162 between the combustion sides 102 are identical or located inside the natural stacking slope such that the stacking layer 1 is on both

sides

161, 162 between the inlet side 101 and the combustion side 102. Connected to the inner wall of the furnace to bring the furnace above the furnace 14 into the furnace The space of the wind side 101 is separated from the combustion side 102 by the stock layer 1. Thus, the airflow generated by the wind entering the air inlet side 101 can only pass through the stack layer 1 to reach the combustion side 102, avoiding the wind from passing outside the stack layer 1 and doing useless work, ensuring the wind passing through the stack layer 1. Effective supply.

As shown in Fig. 10, the axis of the skip roller 61 of the dispensing mechanism 6 is disposed along the flow direction of the main airflow. In the preferred embodiment, the spiral strip 63 is used to activate the spiral strip 63 to loosen the fuel in the char combustion layer while also providing the fuel and junction in the combustion state on the inlet side 101. The crucible is advanced to the combustion side 102. The spiral strip 63 can push the knot through the edge of the furnace 14 to ensure a better combustion state within the stack.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion chamber 3 is connected to the heat exchange device 200 to utilize the heat generated by the combustion chamber 3. The heat exchange device 200 may be a heat exchanger for heating, a crucible, a cooker, a water jacket, or the like. An example in which a heat exchanger is disposed in the combustion chamber 3 is shown in FIG.

Experiments have shown that with the above-described lateral combustion mode combustion method and combustion apparatus of the present invention, the volatile matter can be almost completely burned, the combustion efficiency is as high as 95% or more, and there is no black smoke emission, and solid fuel combustion with high volatile content is realized. Clean emissions. The invention fully utilizes the characteristics of gravity and heat transfer, realizes automatic and orderly combustion of fuel, has simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient use, and provides favorable conditions for popularization and application of solid fuel with high volatile content.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative only, and various modifications that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. These variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

A solid fuel combustion device includes a furnace having an air inlet and a solid fuel feed port on the furnace, wherein the feed port is disposed at the top of the furnace, and the feed port is disposed corresponding to the feed port in the furnace Receiving a furnace for solid fuel entering from the feed port, the solid fuel forms a stack layer between the feed port and the furnace, and the furnace above the furnace on one side of the pile layer is formed as an inlet side, and The other side of the stack layer opposite the inlet side is formed as a combustion side; a combustion chamber that is connected to the outlet of the exhaust gas is formed on the combustion side, so that the main airflow generated by the wind entering the furnace is substantially lateral from the inlet side. After passing through the stacking layer, it enters the combustion chamber and is finally discharged from the exhaust gas outlet; wherein, in the stacking area where the solid fuel is taken over the furnace, a material discharging mechanism is arranged, and the movement of the discharging mechanism is controlled to loosen the fuel in the burning state.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said material discharging mechanism is constituted by a rotary type shifter.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein said material discharging mechanism is constituted by a movable type feeder.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said dispenser includes a feed roller, and said feed roller is arranged with a feed fin.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said material feed fin is constituted by a material bar or a material ring.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said material feed fins are symmetrically arranged in the axial direction of the discharge roller, or are arranged asymmetrically or spirally.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said feed fin is constituted by a skip rim or a spiral strip.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 7, wherein said skip rim or spiral strip is provided with a skip spoke supported on said skip roller.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said discharge roller is rotated by a rotating shaft to constitute a rotary feeder.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said discharge roller is moved by a moving rod to constitute a movable type feeder.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said dispensing mechanism controls movement of the material by a manual or driving means.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a rotational axis of said rotary type shifter is disposed substantially perpendicular to a flow direction of said main air flow, and said shifter is controlled to rotate to move the fuel toward the combustion side.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 9, wherein said furnace has a space at a side edge of the combustion chamber from an inner wall of the furnace, and an axis of rotation of said rotary feeder is substantially parallel to said furnace Inner wall Intervaled furnace edge.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two or more of the material discharge mechanisms are disposed above the furnace.
A combustion apparatus for a solid fuel according to claim 1, wherein the furnace upper side of the furnace has two opposite side wall faces between the inlet side and the combustion side, and the stack layer on the inlet side and the combustion side The natural stacking slopes that can be formed between the two sides are uniform or located inside the natural stacking slope, so that the two sides of the stacking layer between the inlet side and the burning side are in contact with the inner wall of the furnace.
A solid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said feed roller axis of said dispenser having a spiral strip is disposed in a flow direction of the main air flow.