CN105075478A - Fertilizing method for lowering nitrate leaching loss of soil - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for lowering nitrate leaching loss of soil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105075478A CN105075478A CN201510383709.9A CN201510383709A CN105075478A CN 105075478 A CN105075478 A CN 105075478A CN 201510383709 A CN201510383709 A CN 201510383709A CN 105075478 A CN105075478 A CN 105075478A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- potash
- nitrogenous
- inorganic
- chase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizing method for lowering nitrate leaching loss of soil. The method comprises the steps: applying organic fertilizers before planting according to the fertilizing standard of 0.8-3.0kg of N per mu, 1.0-6.0kg of P per mu and 2.0-10.5kg of K per mu, and meanwhile, applying a small amount of inorganic fertilizers; and then, carrying out planting, and then, applying the inorganic fertilizers for 5-7 times. According to the method, through the specific organic fertilizer variety and reasonable proportion of the organic fertilizers and the inorganic fertilizers, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen of the soil can be remarkably lowered, the pollution is reduced, and particularly the pollution to underground water is reduced; and the fertilizing method disclosed by the invention can be used for promoting the vegetative growth of plants and remarkably increasing fertilizer production efficiency and guaranteeing crop yield while reducing fertilizer input, thereby having a remarkable economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizing method reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss.
Background technology
The improper meeting of the nutrient management such as fertilizer brings serious resources and environment problems, in recent years, part farmland nitrogen excessive fertilization has become the important sources of Guangzhou body eutrophication and greenhouse gases, and nutrient management is improper also causes the problems such as soil acidification and damage by disease and insect increase the weight of.Along with improving constantly of fertilizer amount, its availability and utilization ratio decline gradually.From the whole nation, nitrogenous fertilizer this season availability is 27.5%, and in Vegetable produce, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is lower.36.5% nitrogen is by the loss of the approach such as rainwash or gaseous state volatilization.Because utilization rate of fertilizer is low, causes rising steadily of agriculture production cost, add the restriction of resource, continue to rely on the matter and energy of great number to drop into the space obtaining output more and more less.In Vegetable produce, organic manure application rate is larger, and fertilizer nitrogen this season availability is not high, and organic manure application rate is higher, and loss of nitrogen fertilizer amount is larger, and loss of nitrogen fertilizer rate is higher, and the unreasonable of fertilizer is used, and causes environmental problem to become increasingly conspicuous.
In order to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce nitrogen loss polluted-water environment, forefathers have carried out a large amount of research and development in application technology, and these technology can be summarized as following two types:
One, utilize water plants wetland to adsorb and the method that combines of fertilizer Substitute For Partial chemical fertilizer, from generation, run off after, pollution source tripartite hinders control in the face of nonirrigated farmland pollution of area source simultaneously.Such as academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province obtain national inventing patent (a kind of method reducing nonirrigated farmland nitrogen phosphorus pollution of area source, inventor: Sheng Jing, Zheng Jianchu, keeps root, Liu Hongjiang, Zhu Puping, Zhou Wei. the patent No.: ZL201310040187.3)
Two, irrigation canals and ditches matrix and the collocation method thereof of ammonia nitrogen in the water-break of rice field is controlled in resistance, such as, Northeastern University's (a kind of irrigation canals and ditches matrix and compound method thereof hindering ammonia nitrogen in control rice field water-break, inventor: Li quintessence, Li Haibo, Xu Xinyang, Gong Xuan, Zhou Yongchun, Chen Xi. the patent No.: ZL201410238921.1)
The technical method of current Control the Plan Pollution Sources mainly for nonirrigated farmland and paddy field, and lack for vegetable field fertilizer application process and use quantifier elimination.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned Problems existing, the present invention works out a kind of organic fertilizer application method of the vegetable soil for differing texture, and the method significantly can reduce the leaching loss of nitrate in soil.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Reduce a fertilizing method for Soil Nitrate leaching loss, comprise the following steps:
1) calculate the consumption of various fertilizer and take:
It is (0.8 ~ 3.0) that fertilizer is selected containing mass ratio: (1.0 ~ 6.0): the fertilizer of N, P, K nutritive element of (2.0 ~ 10.5), and fertilizer application norm is N0.8 ~ 3.0kg/ every mu, P1.0 ~ 6.0kg/ every mu, K2.0 ~ 10.5kg/ every mu;
Inorganic fertilizer comprises phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and fertilizer application norm is N16 ~ 32kg/ every mu, P3.6 ~ 8.6kg/ every mu, K11.3 ~ 19.8kg/ every mu;
2) use base manure: before planting, once all used by fertilizer as base manure, use the phosphate fertilizer of in inorganic fertilizer 55 ~ 65%, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 8 ~ 12%, the potash fertilizer of 8 ~ 12% simultaneously, the trickle after covering fertilizer that bankets makes ground moistening;
3) plant: corresponding plant is planted;
4) topdress: remaining inorganic fertilizer is topdressed, within 7th ~ 15 days, chase after the 1st time after plantation, within 20th ~ 24 days, chase after the 2nd time, within 28th ~ 32 days, chase after the 3rd time, chased after 1 time every 10 ~ 15 days later, chase after 5 ~ 7 times altogether;
Phosphate fertilizer need not topdress for first 2 times, and each topdressing amount is equal later; The topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 4 ~ 6%, 9 ~ 11%, 14 ~ 16%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
Further, above-mentioned fertilizer is poultry class compost, wherein containing organic matter 57.0%, N0.35%, P0.79%, K1.39%; Or be that mushroom slag muck is fertile, wherein containing organic matter 38.5%, N0.51%, P0.94%, K1.95%; Or be the residual cauline leaf compost of vegetables, wherein containing organic 22.2%, N0.14%, P0.14%, K0.60%.
Further, step 2) in use in inorganic fertilizer 60% phosphate fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 10%, the potash fertilizer of 10%.
Further, the topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer in step 4), potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 5%, 10%, 15%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the present invention is through a large amount of scientific experimentations, works out a kind of applicable plantation and effective fertilizing method reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss; Significantly improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, reduce the threat that Nitrogen Leaching is formed underground water environment pollution, there is significant environmental benefit.
2) in the present invention, specific manure type, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer rational proportion significantly can reduce the accumulation of soil nitrate-N, and decreasing pollution especially reduces the pollution to underground water; And fertilizing method of the present invention can promote vegetation growth of plant, while reducing fertilizers input, significantly improve fertilizer production efficiency, ensure crop yield, there is significant economic benefit.
Embodiment
Reduce a fertilizing method for Soil Nitrate leaching loss, comprise the following steps:
1) calculate the consumption of various fertilizer and take:
It is (0.8 ~ 3.0) that fertilizer is selected containing mass ratio: (1.0 ~ 6.0): the fertilizer of N, P, K nutritive element of (2.0 ~ 10.5), and fertilizer application norm is N0.8 ~ 3.0kg/ every mu, P1.0 ~ 6.0kg/ every mu, K2.0 ~ 10.5kg/ every mu;
Inorganic fertilizer comprises phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and fertilizer application norm is N16 ~ 32kg/ every mu, P3.6 ~ 8.6kg/ every mu, K11.3 ~ 19.8kg/ every mu;
2) use base manure: before planting, once all used by fertilizer as base manure, use the phosphate fertilizer of in inorganic fertilizer 55 ~ 65%, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 8 ~ 12%, the potash fertilizer of 8 ~ 12% simultaneously, the trickle after covering fertilizer that bankets makes ground moistening;
3) plant: corresponding plant is planted;
4) topdress: remaining inorganic fertilizer is topdressed, within 7th ~ 15 days, chase after the 1st time after plantation, within 20th ~ 24 days, chase after the 2nd time, within 28th ~ 32 days, chase after the 3rd time, chased after 1 time every 10 ~ 15 days later, chase after 5 ~ 7 times altogether;
Phosphate fertilizer need not topdress for first 2 times, and each topdressing amount is equal later; The topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 4 ~ 6%, 9 ~ 11%, 14 ~ 16%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
Preferably, above-mentioned fertilizer is poultry class compost, wherein containing organic matter 57.0%, N0.35%, P0.79%, K1.39%; Or be that mushroom slag muck is fertile, wherein containing organic matter 38.5%, N0.51%, P0.94%, K1.95%; Or be the residual cauline leaf compost of vegetables, wherein containing organic 22.2%, N0.14%, P0.14%, K0.60%.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps 2) in use in inorganic fertilizer 60% phosphate fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 10%, the potash fertilizer of 10%.
Preferably, above-mentioned steps 4) in nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times topdressing amount be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 5%, 10%, 15%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but be not limited thereto.
embodiment 1 ~ 3 one kind reduces the fertilizing method of Soil Nitrate leaching loss
1) calculate the consumption of various fertilizer and take:
In embodiment 1 ~ 3, fertilizer is respectively poultry class compost (containing organic matter 57.0%, N0.35%, P0.79%, K1.39%), mushroom slag muck fertilizer (containing organic matter 38.5%, N0.51%, P0.94%, K1.95%), the residual cauline leaf compost of vegetables ((containing organic 22.2%, N0.14%, P0.14%, K0.60%), these three kinds of applying fertilizer standards are respectively 450kg/ mu, 550kg/ mu, 600kg/ mu (as shown in table 1); Namely applying fertilizer standard is met: N0.8 ~ 3.0 (kg/ mu), P1.0 ~ 6.0 (kg/ mu), K2.0 ~ 10.5 (kg/ mu).
In embodiment 1, inorganic fertilizer is 34.8kg urea (containing N46%), 21.7kg potassium chloride (containing K52%) and 45.0kg superphosphate (containing P8%); In embodiment 2, inorganic fertilizer is 54.3kg urea (N46%), 33.3kg potassium sulfate (containing K45%) and 76.3kg superphosphate (containing P8%); In embodiment 3, inorganic fertilizer is 69.6kg urea (containing N46%), 38.1kg potassium chloride (containing K49.8%) and 107.5kg superphosphate (containing P5.24%) (as shown in table 1); Namely inorganic fertilizer fertilizer application norm is met: N16 ~ 32 (kg/ mu), P3.6 ~ 8.6 (kg/ mu), K11.3 ~ 19.8 (kg/ mu).
2) use base manure: before planting, once all imposed in kind of a plant hole (or ditch) by fertilizer as base manure, use the phosphate fertilizer of in inorganic fertilizer 60%, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 10%, the potash fertilizer of 10% simultaneously, the trickle after covering fertilizer that bankets makes soil fully moistening;
3) plant: joint melon seedling is planted;
4) topdress: remaining inorganic fertilizer is topdressed, within 7th ~ 15 days, chase after the 1st time after plantation, within the 22nd day, chase after the 2nd time, within the 30th day, chase after the 3rd time, chased after 1 time every 10 ~ 15 days later, chase after 7 times altogether;
When topdressing, phosphate fertilizer need not topdress for first 2 times, and 3rd ~ 7 times each topdressing amount is 8% of phosphate fertilizer total amount; The topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 5%, 10%, 15%, 4th ~ 7 times each topdressing amount is 15%.
Set up control group 1 ~ 3, the situation of each group applying fertilizer is as shown in table 1, and other operations are all identical with embodiment 1 ~ 2 simultaneously.
The fertilising situation of table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 3 and corresponding control group
Detect the situation after above-mentioned each group of fertilising below, testing result is as shown in table 2, therefrom can find out the increase along with soil depth, and embodiment 1 ~ 3 Nitrate accumulation is starkly lower than control group 1 ~ 2, brings unpredictalbe effect.
The effect detection after fertilising respectively organized by table 2
In addition, multiple places field trials of 2 years such as the present invention passes through in Zengcheng, Guangzhou, Baiyun District, trailing plants hilllock, prove that the joint melon yield increased group of applying fertilizer according to the method described above is improved, under the prerequisite of high yield, the cumulant of deep soil (40 ~ 60cm) nitrate is lower than 30%, and control group is higher than 40%.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. reduce a fertilizing method for Soil Nitrate leaching loss, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) calculate the consumption of various fertilizer and take:
It is (0.8 ~ 3.0) that fertilizer is selected containing mass ratio: (1.0 ~ 6.0): the fertilizer of N, P, K nutritive element of (2.0 ~ 10.5), and fertilizer application norm is N0.8 ~ 3.0kg/ every mu, P1.0 ~ 6.0kg/ every mu, K2.0 ~ 10.5kg/ every mu;
Inorganic fertilizer comprises phosphate fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and fertilizer application norm is N16 ~ 32kg/ every mu, P3.6 ~ 8.6kg/ every mu, K11.3 ~ 19.8kg/ every mu;
2) use base manure: before planting, once all used by fertilizer as base manure, use the phosphate fertilizer of in inorganic fertilizer 55 ~ 65%, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 8 ~ 12%, the potash fertilizer of 8 ~ 12% simultaneously, the trickle after covering fertilizer that bankets makes ground moistening;
3) plant: corresponding plant is entered plantation;
4) topdress: remaining inorganic fertilizer is topdressed, within 7th ~ 15 days, chase after the 1st time after plantation, within 20th ~ 24 days, chase after the 2nd time, within 28th ~ 32 days, chase after the 3rd time, chased after 1 time every 10 ~ 15 days later, chase after 5 ~ 7 times altogether;
Phosphate fertilizer need not topdress for first 2 times, and each topdressing amount is equal later; The topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 4 ~ 6%, 9 ~ 11%, 14 ~ 16%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
2. method according to claim 1: it is characterized in that: described fertilizer is poultry class compost, wherein containing organic matter 57.0%, N0.35%, P0.79%, K1.39%; Or be that mushroom slag muck is fertile, wherein containing organic matter 38.5%, N0.51%, P0.94%, K1.95%; Or be the residual cauline leaf compost of vegetables, wherein containing organic matter 22.2%, N0.14%, P0.14%, K0.60%.
3. method according to claim 1: it is characterized in that: step 2) in use in inorganic fertilizer 60% phosphate fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 10%, the potash fertilizer of 10%.
4. method according to claim 1: it is characterized in that: the topdressing amount of nitrogenous fertilizer in step 4), potash fertilizer 1st ~ 3 times be respectively nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, potash fertilizer total amount 5%, 10%, 15%, later each topdressing amount is equal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510383709.9A CN105075478B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of fertilizing method for reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510383709.9A CN105075478B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of fertilizing method for reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105075478A true CN105075478A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
| CN105075478B CN105075478B (en) | 2017-06-16 |
Family
ID=54557559
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510383709.9A Active CN105075478B (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | A kind of fertilizing method for reducing Soil Nitrate leaching loss |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105075478B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113892329A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-07 | 上海市农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for reducing heavy metal content and effectiveness of soil and application |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503681A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 霍振中 | Planting method achieved through nutrients and fertilizer sources in greenhouse vegetable fields |
| CN104145584A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南农业大学 | Fertilizer applying method for reducing dry land planting pollution discharge by using mixed application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer |
-
2015
- 2015-07-03 CN CN201510383709.9A patent/CN105075478B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503681A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-15 | 霍振中 | Planting method achieved through nutrients and fertilizer sources in greenhouse vegetable fields |
| CN104145584A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 湖南农业大学 | Fertilizer applying method for reducing dry land planting pollution discharge by using mixed application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 侯晶等: "大田蔬菜地春季硝态氮淋溶特征研究", 《土壤通报》 * |
| 黄东风等: "不同施肥模式对蔬菜产量、硝酸盐含量及菜地氮磷流失的影响", 《水土保持学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113892329A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-07 | 上海市农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for reducing heavy metal content and effectiveness of soil and application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105075478B (en) | 2017-06-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Yang et al. | Ditch-buried straw return: A novel tillage practice combined with tillage rotation and deep ploughing in rice-wheat rotation systems | |
| CN103553846B (en) | Special slow release-controlled release fertilizer for potatoes | |
| CN101953249B (en) | Fertilization method for protected tomato overwinter long-season cultivation | |
| CN104186156B (en) | Take into account the Yu Bei moisture soil district winter wheat high-yield culturing fertilizing method of environmental capacity | |
| CN103858578B (en) | The method of potato seed planting potato fertilizition control | |
| CN103232305B (en) | Universal slow release fertilizer for sugarcane | |
| CN103891459A (en) | Soil testing and formulated fertilization method for use in environment-friendly cultivation of cucumber | |
| CN102701886A (en) | Preparing and application method of Arundo donax biological charcoal serving as nitrogenous fertilizer synergist | |
| CN108094094A (en) | A kind of rice high yield section fertilizer implantation methods | |
| CN104365250A (en) | Soil basic fertility-based efficient application method of nitrogenous fertilizer for wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai wheat growing region | |
| CN105461399A (en) | Fertilizer special for millet and application method thereof | |
| CN102757290A (en) | Polypeptide fertilizer and preparation method thereof for wheat | |
| CN106699475A (en) | Total nutrient and loosed soil type multifunctional fertilizer specially used for peanuts and production method thereof | |
| CN102010265B (en) | Special silicon-magnesium-zinc rice high-yield fertilizer | |
| CN103951514A (en) | Special chemical fertilizer for rice | |
| CN109429658B (en) | Fertilizing method for south poplar | |
| CN104945203B (en) | A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield | |
| CN105418295A (en) | Compound fertilizer special for corn | |
| CN105075478A (en) | Fertilizing method for lowering nitrate leaching loss of soil | |
| CN104756654A (en) | Fertilizing method capable of improving utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer in vegetable farmland in south China | |
| CN103518504A (en) | Super-high-yield planting technology for corn | |
| CN106034633A (en) | Corn planting method based on fertilizer applying treatment and capable of effectively adjusting and controlling waterlogging stress | |
| CN106748227A (en) | A kind of slow release fertilizer | |
| CN105210529A (en) | A kind of facility eggplant is survived the winter the fertilizing method of Long term cultivation | |
| Topak et al. | Environmental Mitigation Through Irrigation Management in Sugar Beet Production |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Tianhe District Tianyuan road Guangzhou City, Guangdong province 510650 No. 808 Patentee after: Guangdong Institute of eco environmental technology Address before: Guangzhou City, Guangdong province 510650 Tianyuan Road No. 808 Patentee before: Guangdong Prov. Inst. of Ecological Environment & Soil Science |