CN105026149A - 包含透明显示屏的窗玻璃 - Google Patents

包含透明显示屏的窗玻璃 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105026149A
CN105026149A CN201480015705.9A CN201480015705A CN105026149A CN 105026149 A CN105026149 A CN 105026149A CN 201480015705 A CN201480015705 A CN 201480015705A CN 105026149 A CN105026149 A CN 105026149A
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China
Prior art keywords
glass pane
base material
display screen
point
light
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CN201480015705.9A
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English (en)
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A.奥杜林斯基
S.多迪弗雷
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Publication of CN105026149A publication Critical patent/CN105026149A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
    • B32B17/10266—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on glass pane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G02B6/0095—Light guides as housings, housing portions, shelves, doors, tiles, windows, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
    • B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/02—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers, impedances or power supply units, e.g. a transformer with a rectifier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
    • F21V23/04—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
    • F21V23/0442—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors
    • F21V23/0464—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches activated by means of a sensor, e.g. motion or photodetectors the sensor sensing the level of ambient illumination, e.g. dawn or dusk sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
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    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
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    • G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
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    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60Q3/20—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for lighting specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments; mounted on specific fittings of passenger or driving compartments
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
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Abstract

本发明涉及窗玻璃(1)，特别地是运输工具的侧窗玻璃，包括位于该窗玻璃仅仅一部分中的透明显示屏(2)，至少一个比所述显示屏位于更靠近外部的光引导基材(6)，至少一个位于所述光引导基材(6)的周边，特别地面对所述光引导基材的侧面的光源(10)，以及用于提取由该光源发射的光的器件，所述光源优选由多个电致发光二极管形成。

Description

包含透明显示屏的窗玻璃
本发明涉及包含透明显示屏的窗玻璃，特别地运输工具的侧窗玻璃的制备。
该措辞“透明显示屏”(英文为“transparent display”)在本发明的意义中应该理解为不具有它自己的人造光源的信息显示屏。因此，这种显示屏要求，为了显示它显示的信息，或者白天自然光(太阳光)或者人造光源。在任何情况下，为了显示信息所要求的光需要使光从显示屏后面朝向它前面引入，以允许位于这种显示屏的前面的任何人看见该信息。
透明显示屏不是投影屏或者背投影显示屏或者灯，而是包括图像产生系统并因此允许显示照片、动画或者电影(全部为数字格式)的显示屏。
现有技术特别地知晓国际专利申请WO2012/168647，WO2012/098330，WO2007/077099，但是在这些文件中，它涉及可与灯类似的照明窗玻璃；不产生动画图像，而仅仅根据固定简图进行设置。
根据本发明的显示屏允许：来自该显示屏背面的自然光或者人造光传播至该显示屏的前面；当然，如果该显示屏显示信息，这种光通过它穿过该显示屏而被改变；然而，它的强度很少由于穿过该显示屏而被改变。
这种透明显示屏，与不透明显示屏不同，因此允许在该显示屏前面利用更多的光。
此外，这种透明显示屏允许穿过该屏幕进行观看，并因此对于位于该显示屏前面的用户，允许区分在该显示屏后面发生的事，根据他们的眼睛是否聚焦在该显示屏上或者在该显示屏后面。背面视野的清楚性很少受到穿过显示屏的观看的影响。
显示将有利的是，能将透明显示屏集成到运输工具的窗玻璃中，尤其公众运输工具的侧窗玻璃中，以能够显示与用于这些运输工具的用户的运输和/或广告有关的信息，同时允许用户看见该显示屏的后面。
因此，本发明涉及将透明显示屏集成到透明窗玻璃中；它不涉及将不透明显示屏(即不允许光或者图像穿过的显示屏)集成到窗玻璃中。
将透明显示屏集成到窗玻璃中的主要缺点是当没有足够的自然光(由于是夜晚或者由于通过例如隧道)时，这时由该显示屏显示的信息不再能被用户从内部看见。
因此，本发明的目标为允许获得对于透明显示屏有效的人造背部照明，并且对于背部照明是简单的并易于实施的，然而当不使用该人造背部照明时，绝不阻止(使得不透明)光穿过该显示屏。
因此，本发明的目的在它的最宽范围中为根据权利要求1的窗玻璃。这种窗玻璃特别地是运输工具的侧窗玻璃，包括位于该窗玻璃仅仅一部分中的透明显示屏，至少一个比所述显示屏位于更靠近外部的光引导基材，至少一个位于所述引导基材的周边(特别地面对所述基材的侧面)的光源，以及用于提取由该光源发射的光的器件，所述光源优选由多个电致电致发光二极管形成。
优选，所述光源是白色的，更优选，它由多个白色电致发光二极管形成。
根据本发明，该光源是人造的并且优选地被布置在所述窗玻璃的上面部分中。它可以与光引导基材连接并且通过将它的光发射进入光引导基材中而与后者合作，以便该引导基材透射这种光，其中该光源发射/例如与该基材的侧面连接。这种基材有利地是明亮的或者透明的，并且它通常靠着该透明显示屏的外表面或在其上或者以离该透明显示屏一定距离(这时在它们之间产生内部空间)被加入(在分别地已经进行制备之后进行装配)。它可以是有机的和/或塑性的(例如由聚碳酸酯或者聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMMA制成)或者无机的；并且优选是无机的；特别地它是玻璃。
该引导基材有利地具有1.0%至60.0%(特别地10.0%至50.0%，尤其20.0%至40.0%)的总光透射。它此外可以对于至少一个在可见光区中高于420nm(并且最高至780nm)的波长具有至少0.5%，优选对于位于420至780nm区中的所有波长具有至少0.5%的光学透射(如已知地通过取在给定波长的透射强度与入射强度的比率进行测定)。该基材可以“内在地”具有这种或者这些性质，即在不存在任何种类涂层，或者是在至少一个表面(不同于它的侧面)上用由一个或多个层组成并具有被集成在它的整个表面的等同物上的这种或者这些性质的涂层涂覆的透明基材。该光透射根据标准ISO 9050:2003(其还提到光学透射)使用D65光源进行测量，并且是同时考虑直接透射和可能的漫透射的总透射(尤其在可见光区中进行积分并且通过人眼的灵敏度曲线进行权重)，该测量例如使用配备有累积球的分光光度计进行实施，在给定厚度的测量值然后在必要时被换算为4毫米的根据标准ISO 9050:2003的基准厚度。
提取器件允许光从引导基材中提取朝向透明显示屏。该用于提取由光源发射的光的器件例如可以是一种或多种漫射元件或者处理，特别地提取器件，如被加到表面(或者两个表面)的层和/或表面(局部的或者在整个表面上)必要时波导的任何处理或者不同纹理化，如激光蚀刻、瓷釉印刷、化学蚀刻(酸等等)或者机械磨蚀(喷砂等等)等等。例如在该引导基材的厚度中，还可以提供提取表面，必要时例如根据内部激光蚀刻技术来进行。
在一种变型中，在至少一个表面的一部分上(优选在这种表面的仅仅一部分上，不在整个这种表面上)，所述光引导基材包含多个有规律地分布在所述表面部分上的点，这些点尤其通过喷砂和/或上瓷釉和/或丝网印刷产生，以允许局部提取光(在透明显示屏的方向上)，所述点的总面积，从外部看，覆盖所述透明显示屏的总面积的50%至90%(包括这些端值)，尤其所述透明显示屏的总面积的60%至80%(包括这些端值)。
从外部看，所述点的总面积可以覆盖所述透明显示屏的总面积的60%至100%。
重要的是，当位于内部的用户(并且其因此离窗玻璃最多数米)将他们的目光固定在外部的远处点时，所述点是难以看见的。
在一种特定的变型中，为了所述点是较不可见的，它们是细长形的并且有规律地被间隔，其中所述点的宽度为0.5-5毫米，包括这些端值，长度为所述宽度的1.2-2倍，包括这些端值，并且在所述点的中心之间的在所述长度的方向x和所述宽度的方向y的两种方向中的距离分别地为所述点的长度和宽度的1.5-10倍，包括这些端值，尤其分别地为所述点的长度和宽度的2-8倍，包括这些端值。在这种变型中，已经注意到具有0.7至3毫米(包括这些端值)的点宽度和为所述宽度的1.2至2倍(包括这些端值)的长度的细长形点是特别地难以看见的。
在其中透明显示屏是长方形的情况下，优选地，使所述细长形点的长度沿着所述透明屏的长度进行定向。
在一种特定的变型中，为了使得所述点很少可见，它们是圆的并且有规律地被间隔，其中所述点的直径为0.5-5毫米，包括这些端值，并且在所述点的中心之间的在所述长度的方向x和所述宽度的方向y的两种方向中的距离分别地为所述点的直径的1.5-10倍，包括这些端值，尤其分别地为所述点的直径的2-8倍，包括这些端值。在这种变型中，已经注意到具有0.7至3毫米(包括这些端值)的点直径的圆点是特别难以看见的。
可以设想点的其它形状，如正方形、长方形或者星形。为了使得它们难以看见，优选地它们的总尺寸位于以下指出的最宽范围内：0.5至5毫米的点宽度，包括这些端值，为所述宽度1至2倍的长度，包括这些端值。
优选地，所述点全部具有相同的尺寸以便于聚焦在所述窗玻璃的后面。
所述引导基材优选具有的外周轮廓基本上沿着所述所述窗玻璃的外周轮廓，并因此比所述透明显示屏的外周轮廓更大。
根据本发明的窗玻璃可以包含至少一个比所述透明显示屏位于更靠近内部的保护基材，优选地，这种保护基材具有的外周轮廓基本上沿着所述窗玻璃的外周轮廓并因此比所述透明显示屏的外周轮廓更大。
优选地，所述光引导基材不具有浊度，所述窗玻璃优选不具有浊度。
所述窗玻璃可以包含用于打开光源的电子元件(只有当外界亮度为不足时)，和任选的外部亮度传感器。
所述窗玻璃而且可以包含用于为所述透明显示屏和所述光源供应电功率的器件，该器件被隐藏在两个不透明带之间以不被来自外部的视线和来自内部的视线看见，所述透明显示屏的轮廓优选通过不透明带被隐藏，以不被来自内部的视线和/或来自外部的视线看见。
在一种特定变型中，为了为窗玻璃提供更强的机械强度，所述光引导基材和/或所述保护基材是包含至少两个玻璃片材和布置在所述玻璃片材之间的塑料片材的层压基材。
为了进一步提高背部照明的有效性，所述光源可以由多个面对所述光引导基材的至少两个相反侧面进行布置的电致发光二极管形成。
窗玻璃的所述基材或者每个基材，优选是明亮的，但是还可以是着色的。所述基材之一尤其至少用本体着色玻璃制成。着色类型的选择将取决于对于正面窗玻璃(一旦它的制备已经完成)来说，对于在可见光区中的某些波长范围所寻求的光透射值。
根据本发明的窗玻璃可以具有层压结构，尤其使至少两个硬玻璃类型基材通过至少一个热塑性聚合物片材进行结合，以具有玻璃/薄层堆叠体/一个或多个聚合物片材/玻璃类型结构。聚合物尤其可以基于聚乙烯醇缩丁醛PVB、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物EVA、聚对苯二酸乙二醇酯PET或者聚氯乙烯PVC。
所述正面窗玻璃这时可以具有玻璃/聚合物片材(一个或多个)/玻璃类型结构。
背面引导基材和/或正面保护基材可以进行弯曲和/或淬火，由于由单一基材组成。这时它是所谓的“单块”窗玻璃。
有利地，本发明因此允许获得制备简单的并且实施简单(当没有足够的自然光照明时)的有效背部照明，这种背部照明尤其整体上不阻止可见光的通过；因此，穿过所述窗玻璃(在其中设置所述透明显示屏的位置中)保持一定透明性(非不透明性)。
特别地，本发明允许保持透明显示屏的优点：即使由于存在所述提取器件，来自所述透明显示屏后面的自然光的强度受到影响，在该显示屏后面的视野的视觉清楚性很少受到影响(对于其目光聚焦在所述窗玻璃后面的用户来说，难以看见所述提取器件)。
本发明的细节和有利特征将借助于以下非限制性性实施例变得明显，该实施例借助于附图进行阐述，该附图图示：
- 附图1，当日光线足以实现对于所述透明显示屏来说令人满意的背部照明时，根据本发明的窗玻璃的示意性垂直截面图；
- 附图2，当日光线不足以实现对于所述透明显示屏来说令人满意的背部照明时和当根据本发明通过人造光源、引导基材和提取器件实现对于所述透明显示屏来说令人满意的背部照明时，在附图1中的窗玻璃的示意图；附图3，附图1的窗玻璃的示意图；
- 附图3，附图1的窗玻璃的从外部看的部分示意图，和
- 附图4，规则分布的点的一个实施例，具有对于点群观察到的分布(在这里显示4个点的群)。
在附图1至2中，为了易读性起见，没有严格地遵守在不同元件的尺寸之间的比例；在所有附图中相同标注表示相同的元件。
在附图1中，窗玻璃1是火车的侧窗玻璃，其在垂直截面图中进行显示(所述窗玻璃的顶部位于所述附图的右边)并且包含透明显示屏2(其具有内表面3和外表面4)。这种窗玻璃以白天举例说明，日光(由太阳发射)穿过显示屏2以构成用于这种显示屏的背部照明。这种光首先穿过外表面4，位于外表面4和内表面3之间的图像产生系统(未更详细地图解)，然后内表面3。
举例来说，可以使用由Samsung公司以商标NL22B销售的产品的透明显示屏。这种长方形显示屏具有22英寸(约56厘米)的对角线。
窗玻璃1此外包含基材6，其比透明显示屏2更靠近外部进行设置。
基材6和透明显示屏2在这里彼此平行进行布置。任选的中间空间5使基材6与透明显示屏2分隔。透明显示屏2被粘合连接至基材6，例如通过完全围绕所述显示屏设置的塑料密封头(例如基于聚氨酯)来进行。
在本发明的范围中，在穿过该窗玻璃的一部分可以看得见(而不需要穿过透明显示屏2)的意义上说，透明显示屏2占据窗玻璃的仅仅一部分。
窗玻璃1此外包含由基材6形成的光导(或者“光波导”或者“波导”)，其设置在比透明显示屏更靠近外部，这种引导基材例如呈2至6毫米厚的明亮硼硅酸盐玻璃板的形式。这种引导基材6具有内表面7、外表面8(其还是窗玻璃1的外表面4)，和侧面9。这种引导基材与位于侧面9的周边的光源10(未延伸超过显示屏2的周边以形成压实组件)连接并且光源由多个电致发光二极管(LEDs)11形成，电致发光二极管位于型材12中的支撑板携带。这种型材12被集成到该窗玻璃的外周框架元件(在这里顶部框架元件)中。
当不再有足够的日光以获得对于该透明显示屏2来说有效的背部照明时，这时打开LED并且将光发射在由光-引导基材6形成的光波导中，如同由从右到左定向的并且在附图2中位于LED 11的左侧的箭头所指示。
优选，外部亮度传感器(未图示)检测出在透明显示屏附近的不足亮度并且只有当外界亮度是不足时，借助于电子元件把光源10打开。
该窗玻璃此外包含用于提取由光源发射的光的器件，这种器件在这里呈多个位于引导基材6的内表面7上的瓷釉化点或者喷砂点13(在附图1和2中图示了两个点)的形式，使得由光源10发射并且在引导基材6内部通过的光在该透明显示屏的方向上被提取(如在附图2中由在点13上方的从下向上的箭头所指示)。
在一个实施方案中(未显示)，光源可以延伸超过该透明显示屏的周边；而且可以提供第二光源(例如在附图1和2中在左侧靠着侧面9；在透明显示屏2的下方)。
使用的提取器件可以由多次或者大量通过局部化喷砂产生漫射性的区域组成。这种器件还可以非局部化(例如该引导基材的表面的非不透明的整体喷砂或者整体丝网印刷)。
二极管可以被包封，即包含半导体元件和包封该半导体元件的包装(例如由环氧或者尼龙类型树脂制成)。二极管还可以是无准直透镜的半导体芯片，例如具有大约一百微米或者约一毫米的尺寸，任选地具有最小包装(例如保护包装)。
该二极管可以由载体或者撑条或者支撑板携带，这种支撑板可具有经处理的和/或进行反射化的表面(平面或者倾斜)以改善光效能，这种表面例如用清漆或者涂料层和/或反射镜层涂覆和/或与白色或者金属反射器连接以便更好使该发射的光定向。
特别地可以使用白色LED作为光源，白色LED例如使用发射蓝光的半导体晶体芯片进行制备，如氮化镓铟(InGaN)，该芯片用包含无机发光物质(例如YAG:Ce)的透明树脂(如硅氧烷或者环氧树脂)覆盖，发光物质吸收蓝光并且发射黄光。作为其它实例，可以使用多色LED，尤其可以提及以下LEDs或者显示装置：来自CREE公司的XLamp® LED或“High Brightness LED”系列；来自Nichia公司的NichiaHelios，NichiaRigel，“Lamp type LED”，NSSM，NSSW，NSEW，NS9和NS2系列；白色“TOPLED®”系列和来自OSRAM的标号为LW Q38E，LW L283和LW Q38G的系列；来自Philips Lumileds公司的Luxeon® Rebel White和Luxeon® K2系列；来自Toyoda Gosei公司的标号为E1S19，E1S27，E1S62，E1S66，E1S67，E1SAG，E1SAP，EASAA，EASAU，EASAV，E1L4x和E1L5x的LED；来自Avago Technologies公司的标号为HSMW-C120，HSMW-C130，HSMW-C191，HSMW-C197和HSMW-C265的LED；来自LITE-ON的标号为LTW-C193TS5和LTW-C191TS5的LED；来自Seoul Semiconductor公司标号为WH104L-H，WH104-NZ和WH107的LED；来自Everlight公司的标号为19-213/T1D-KS1T1B2/3T的LED等。
附图3图示该窗玻璃，如它从外部看。
窗玻璃1的大部分是完全地透明的：在其中存在透明显示屏2的视野清楚区域之外，窗玻璃1也是透明的。
在附图3中，光提取器件由多个通过丝网印刷产生的点13组成；这些点优选是浅色的，尤其白色，并且布置在引导基材6的内表面上，如同在附图1和2中的点13。
因此，该引导基材6在它的内表面的一部分上(并且在这种表面的仅仅一部分上，不在整个这种表面上)包含多个有规律地分布在所述表面部分上的点。
从外部看见的所述点覆盖的总面积为透明显示屏2的总面积的50%至90%，包括这些端值，尤其该透明显示屏2的总面积的60%至80%，包括这些端值。
在附图3中，所述点是圆的并且有规律地被间隔，具有1.3毫米的点直径，和在该点的中心之间的在长度(确切地说窗玻璃的长度)的方向x和宽度(确切地说该窗玻璃的高度)的方向y的两个方向中的距离是所述点的直径的2倍。
用于为所述透明显示屏2供应电功率的器件15和对于为光源10供应电功率的器件17被隐藏在两个具有约35毫米宽度e的不透明带18(在附图3中其仅仅一个是可见的)之间以不被来自外部的视线(和来自内部的视线)看见。在附图3中，用于供应电功率的器件17看起来被布置在引导基材6的上方，但是这仅仅为了更好地使它们的存在是可看见的。
此外，所述透明显示屏的轮廓还优选被不透明带18’隐藏以不被来自内部的视线看见。
这些不透明带18，18’可以通过丝网印刷产生，特别地在引导基材6的内表面7上，但是其这时优选是暗色的并且尤其由黑色点形成。
附图4图示了多个有规律地分布在引导基材6的表面上的白色点；在这里逐点地没有观察到规则性，而是逐点群20地观察到规则性。
在这里，点群20包含4个如此形成具有相同直径的圆点的图案的点，这种图案复制多次。在这里这种图案是不规则的平行四边形：连接两个在左侧的点的中心的高度高于连接两个在右侧的点的中心的高度，连接该两个在上部的点的中心的长度高于连接两个在下部的点的中心的长度。
在附图4中的左侧，其在透射中显示外界景色的一部分。
本发明在上面通过举例进行了描述。将理解的是，本领域的技术人员将能进行本发明的多种变型而不脱离如权利要求所定义的本专利的范围。

Claims (11)

1.窗玻璃(1)，特别地是运输工具的侧窗玻璃，包括位于该窗玻璃仅仅一部分中的透明显示屏(2)，至少一个比所述显示屏位于更靠近外部的光引导基材(6)，至少一个位于所述光引导基材(6)的周边，特别地面对所述基材(6)的侧面的光源(10)，以及用于提取由该光源发射的光的器件，所述光源优选由多个电致发光二极管形成。
2.根据权利要求1的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于在至少一个表面的一部分上，所述光引导基材(6)包含多个有规律地分布在所述表面部分上的点，这些点尤其通过喷砂和/或上瓷釉和/或丝网印刷产生，以允许局部提取光，所述点的总面积，从外部看，覆盖所述透明显示屏(2)的总面积的50%至90%，包括这些端值，尤其所述透明显示屏(2)的总面积的60%至80%，包括这些端值。
3.根据权利要求2的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述点是细长形的并且有规律地被间隔，其中所述点的宽度为0.5-5毫米，包括这些端值，长度为所述宽度的1.1-2倍，包括这些端值，并且在所述点的中心之间的在所述长度的方向x和所述宽度的方向y的两种方向中的距离分别地为所述点的长度和宽度的1.5-10倍，包括这些端值，尤其为所述点的长度和宽度的2-8倍，包括这些端值。
4.根据权利要求2的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述点是圆的并且有规律地被间隔，其中所述点的直径为0.5-5毫米，包括这些端值，并且在所述点的中心之间的在所述长度的方向x和所述宽度的方向y的两种方向中的距离分别地为所述点的直径的1.5-10倍，包括这些端值，尤其为所述点的直径的2-8倍，包括这些端值。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述光引导基材(6)具有外周轮廓，该外周轮廓基本上沿着所述所述窗玻璃(1)的外周轮廓。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于它包含比所述透明显示屏(2)位于更靠近内部的保护基材，优选地，这种保护基材具有外周轮廓，该外周轮廓基本上沿着所述窗玻璃(1)的外周轮廓。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述光引导基材(6)不具有浊度，所述窗玻璃(1)优选不具有浊度。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于它包含只有当外界亮度为不足时用于打开光源(10)的电子元件，和任选的外部亮度传感器。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于它包含用于为所述透明显示屏(2)和所述光源(10)供应电功率的器件，该器件被隐藏在两个不透明带(18)之间以不被来自外部的视线和来自内部的视线看见，所述透明显示屏的轮廓优选通过不透明带被隐藏，以不被来自内部的视线和/或来自外部的视线看见。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述光引导基材(6)和/或所述保护基材是包含至少两个玻璃片材和布置在所述玻璃片材之间的塑料片材的层压基材。
11.根据权利要求1-10任一项的窗玻璃(1)，特征在于所述光源由多个面对所述光引导基材(6)的至少两个相反侧面进行布置的电致发光二极管形成。
CN201480015705.9A 2013-03-15 2014-03-14 包含透明显示屏的窗玻璃 Pending CN105026149A (zh)

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