CN105018099A - Soil fertility improvement and salt reduction method for saline-alkaline land adopting urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent - Google Patents
Soil fertility improvement and salt reduction method for saline-alkaline land adopting urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018099A CN105018099A CN201510398726.XA CN201510398726A CN105018099A CN 105018099 A CN105018099 A CN 105018099A CN 201510398726 A CN201510398726 A CN 201510398726A CN 105018099 A CN105018099 A CN 105018099A
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil fertility improvement and salt reduction method for saline-alkaline land adopting a urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent. The method comprises applying the soil subsoiling agent, wherein the soil subsoiling agent contains the ingredients in parts by mass: 15-26 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin, 7-11 parts of sand slabstone, 10-16 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3-6 parts of halophilic methanobacteria, 3-8 parts of magnesium oxide, 9-17 parts of succinic acid, 4-10 parts of kaolin, 5-13 parts of highland barley residue, 6-14 parts of starch graft acrylonitrile and 3-8 parts of sodium ion adsorbent. The method has the beneficial effects that six months after the fertility improvement and salt reduction of the saline-alkaline land, the salt content of soil is 0.24-0.35%, the content of total nitrogen in the soil is 0.091-0.099%, the content of available phosphorus in the soil of 0-20cm is 38.6-39.4mg/kg, and the utilization ratio of a potash fertilizer in the soil is increased by 21.4-24.9%; and the degree of alkalisation and volume weight of the soil are lowered, and the ventilating and water retaining capacity of the soil is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkaline land soil to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, be specifically related to a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts and foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, belong to technical field of land improvement.
Background technology
Saltings is a kind of salt aggregation, refer to that salinity contained inside soil has influence on the normal growth of crop, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saltings, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The domestic treatment process to saltings generally comprises salt discharge method and pressure salt method etc., but they all also exist weak point, and such as, salt discharge method by using a large amount of fresh water to rinse for a long time saltings, the saltiness on surface, saltings is reduced.Pressure salt method utilizes natural precipitation or artificial flood to irrigate, make the infiltration downwards such as the saline and alkaline hole along soil of part, crack, by the salinity of topsoil with water-band to bottom, although aforesaid method can make the saltiness on top layer, saltings reduce, but it is permanent to keep not, and needs a large amount of water sources.
Traditional modification method and product cannot be accomplished when improveing saltings while the saltiness reducing soil and potential of hydrogen, reach again the object improving Soil structure, conditioning products effect about improvement soil in existing market is single, the method of many employings applying organic manure or bacterial manure realizes soil improvement, fundamentally can not change crop growth environment, cause and saline and alkalinely repeatedly to occur, its improvement saltings effect is also not obvious, can not meet agricultural planting demand.
Prior art carry out alkaline land soil foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction improved, process in the deficiency that exists as follows:
(1) the reduction DeGrain of saltiness and basicity, the soil weight in alkaline land soil;
(2) alkaline land soil is while alkali falls in salt reduction, cannot take into account the effective improvement to Soil ventilation, water retention capacity;
(3) alkaline land soil is while alkali falls in salt reduction, can not effectively increase soil fertility, and comprises total nitrogen content in soil, available phosphorus content, potassium utilization rate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the deficiency that prior art exists, and provides a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, reduce alkaline land soil saltiness, alkalization of soils degree, the soil weight;
(2) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve the ventilative hole of alkaline land soil;
(3) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve water holding capacity, the retention capacity of soil of alkaline land soil;
(4) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve the fertility of alkaline land soil.
for solving the problems of the technologies described above, by the following technical solutions:
Adopt the alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent to foster and apply fertilizer a salt reduction method, comprise using of soil subsoiling agent, described soil subsoiling agent, comprise urea-formaldehyde resin, sand slabstone, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
The agent of described earth subsoiling, also comprises polyoxyethylene glycol, addicted to salt methanobacteria, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid, kaolin, highland barley slag, sodium ion sorbent material.
The agent of described earth subsoiling, the mass ratio of each component is: urea-formaldehyde resin 15-26 part, sand slabstone 7-11 part, polyoxyethylene glycol 10-16 part, addicted to salt methanobacteria 3-6 part, magnesium oxide 3-8 part, succsinic acid 9-17 part, kaolin 4-10 part, highland barley slag 5-13 part, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide 6-14 part, sodium ion sorbent material 3-8 part.
Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4, and wherein the mass percentage of silicon-dioxide is 50%.
Described highland barley slag, water content is 25%.
Described alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months for alkaline land soil, soil salt content is down to 0.24-0.35%.
Described alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months for alkaline land soil, in soil, total nitrogen content is increased to 0.091-0.099%.
Described soil subsoiling agent, its preparation method comprises preparation addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, described preparation is addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, by through overactivation addicted to salt methanobacteria, be by weight 0.5% ratio be inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, 15 minutes are stirred with the speed of 200 revs/min at 37 DEG C, then airtight standing for fermentation is carried out 4 days, sampling Detection thalli growth situation and mensuration pH, when under microscope, viable bacteria total concn number is more than 1,200,000,000/ml, stop fermentation, must addicted to salt methanobacteria microorganisms cultures.
Described preparation addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, by above-mentioned addicted to salt methanobacteria microorganisms cultures, with the rotating speed of 5000 revs/min centrifugal 10 minutes, and 40 DEG C of dryings 12 hours, make water content be down to below 15wt%, at room temperature broken, cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder.
adopt above technical scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, reduce the saltiness of alkaline land soil, reduce alkalization of soils degree, reduce the soil weight, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saltings, and soil salt content is 0.24-0.35%, alkalization of soils degree is 3.4-4.8%, and the soil weight is 0.90-0.95g/cm
3;
(2) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve the ventilative hole of alkaline land soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saltings, and the ventilative hole of soil is 14-17%;
(3) adopt improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention, improve water holding capacity and the retention capacity of soil of alkaline land soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saltings, and the water holding capacity of soil is 26.4-29.8%, and retention capacity of soil improves 57.8-59.4%;
(4) improvement of soil fertility salt reduction method of the present invention is adopted, improve the fertility of alkaline land soil, salt reduction was fostered and apply fertilizer after 6 months in saltings, in soil, total nitrogen content is 0.091-0.099%, in soil, in 0-20cm, available phosphorus content is 38.6-39.4mg/kg, and in soil, potassium utilization rate improves 21.4-24.9%;
(5) alkaline land soil of the present invention is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and be applied to improvement of soil fertility salt reduction after 6 months, sky rose in plantation, transplanting survival rate is the low temperature of 98.8-99.3%, ability-43 DEG C; Plantation purple perilla, surviving rate is 98.4-98.7%.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
the agent of embodiment 1 one kinds of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoilings
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
Urea-formaldehyde resin 15 parts, sand slabstone 7 parts, polyoxyethylene glycol 10 parts, addicted to salt methanobacteria 3 parts, 3 parts, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid 9 parts, kaolin 4 parts, highland barley slag 5 parts, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide 6 parts, 3 parts, sodium ion sorbent material.
Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silicon-dioxide is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4.
Described highland barley slag, water content is 25%.
the agent of embodiment 2 one kinds of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoilings
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
Urea-formaldehyde resin 22 parts, sand slabstone 10 parts, polyoxyethylene glycol 11 parts, addicted to salt methanobacteria 4 parts, 5 parts, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid 12 parts, kaolin 6 parts, highland barley slag 10 parts, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide 8 parts, 5 parts, sodium ion sorbent material.
Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silicon-dioxide is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4.
Described highland barley slag, water content is 25%.
the agent of embodiment 3 one kinds of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoilings
described soil subsoiling agent, the mass ratio of each component is:
Urea-formaldehyde resin 26 parts, sand slabstone 11 parts, polyoxyethylene glycol 16 parts, addicted to salt methanobacteria 6 parts, 8 parts, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid 17 parts, kaolin 10 parts, highland barley slag 13 parts, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide 14 parts, 8 parts, sodium ion sorbent material.
Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silicon-dioxide is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4.
Described highland barley slag, water content is 25%.
the preparation method of embodiment 4 one kinds of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoilings agent
(1) weigh: according to the formula of soil subsoiling agent, take each component;
(2) pulverize: sand slabstone is pulverized, cross 100 mesh sieves;
(3) preparation addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder: by through overactivation addicted to salt methanobacteria, be by weight 0.5% ratio be inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, 15 minutes are stirred with the speed of 200 revs/min at 37 DEG C, then airtight standing for fermentation is carried out 4 days, sampling Detection thalli growth situation and mensuration pH, when under microscope, viable bacteria total concn number is more than 1,200,000,000/ml, stop fermentation, must addicted to salt methanobacteria microorganisms cultures, then by this microorganisms cultures with the rotating speed of 5000 revs/min centrifugal 10 minutes, and 40 DEG C of dryings 12 hours, water content is made to be down to below 15wt%, at room temperature broken, cross 100 mesh sieves.
Consisting of of described liquid nutrient medium: in every 1L water, addO-on therapy is: caseinhydrolysate 7g, extractum carnis 10g, Tryptones 10g, potassium hydrogen phosphate 1g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.7g, Repone K 5g, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 0.05g, calcium chloride 0.05g, iron vitriol 0.05g, after each component is soluble in water, add sodium-chlor, sodium chloride content is 10g/L.
(4) mix: mix with urea-formaldehyde resin, polyoxyethylene glycol, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid, kaolin, highland barley slag, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide, sodium ion sorbent material through (2), (3) step products therefrom, obtain soil subsoiling agent.
embodiment 5 one kinds adopts the alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method
(1) saltings type
Soil is divided into master with sodium chloride salt, and soil salt content is 1.8-2.9%, and alkalization of soils degree is 10-15%, and the soil weight is 1.51-1.54g/cm
3, the ventilative hole of soil is 4-6%, and the water holding capacity of soil is 11.4-12.6%, and in soil, total nitrogen content is 0.052-0.063%, and in soil, in 0-20cm, available phosphorus content is 15.4-16.1mg/kg.
(2) the using of soil subsoiling agent
Mu uses soil subsoiling agent 65kg, and soil subsoiling agent is sprinkling upon alkaline land soil surface uniformly, when the time of spreading fertilizer over the fields is whole ground ridging, utilizes rotary cultivator to carry out rotary tillage to 20cm degree of depth soil layer, makes alkaline land soil and the abundant stirring and evenly mixing of soil subsoiling agent.
(3) fertilizer is applied
Adopt the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields, mu fertilizer 50kg.
in described fertilizer, the mass ratio of each component is:
The mass ratio of each component is: fertilizer cow dung 35 parts, 20 parts, peat, vermiculite 5 parts, soya-bean cake 5 parts, biochemical fulvic acid 10 parts, humic acid 7 parts, composite fertilizer 8 parts, water-holding agent 0.5 part, succsinic acid 2 parts, 2 parts, silica gel, trace element 1 part.
Described fertilizer cow dung, organic mass percentage is 45%;
Described composite fertilizer, N >=17%, P2O5 >=17%, K2O >=17%;
Described trace element fertilizer, comprises zinc ammonium phosphate, colemanite, manganese ore mud, and mass ratio is 2:1:2.
The preparation method of described fertilizer:
A, take trace element, silica gel, succsinic acid, fertilizer cow dung, composite fertilizer by formula rate after all grind, cross 300 mesh sieves;
B, peat, vermiculite, soya-bean cake mix, comminution by gas stream: arranging reservoir pressure is 0.7-1MPa; Screw feed speed is 20hz; The set of frequency of grading machine motor is 13hz, and the particle diameter of crushing rear material is 150-200um;
C, take biochemical fulvic acid, humic acids add in blending machine start stir, a, b, step products therefrom and water-holding agent are slowly added in blending machine, stir after 20 minutes obtain finished product.
(4) irrigate
After be manured into soil subsoiling agent and fertilizer, irrigate, irrigation volume is 350-400m
3/ hectare; Adopt slightly salty afterwards, the mode of fresh water rotation flow irrigates, rotation flow number of times is than irrigating once for 1:2, every 3-5 days, and each irrigation volume is 400m
3/ hectare; The salinity of described fresh water is less than 1g/L; The salinity of described slightly salty is 2-2.5g/L, pH is 7.4-7.5, and saltiness is 0.15-0.18%.
test-results:
(1) the method for the invention, have good alkaline land soil and to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction effect, improvement of soil fertility salt reduction is after 6 months, and soil salt content is 0.24-0.35%, and alkalization of soils degree is 3.4-4.8%, and the soil weight is 0.90-0.95g/cm
3, the ventilative hole of soil is 14-17%, and the water holding capacity of soil is 26.4-29.8%, retention capacity of soil improves 57.8-59.4%, in soil, total nitrogen content is 0.091-0.099%, and in soil, in 0-20cm, available phosphorus content is 38.6-39.4mg/kg, and in soil, potassium utilization rate improves 21.4-24.9%.
Index after table 1 improvement of soil fertility salt reduction
Visible, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiments.
(2) in above-mentioned saltings after improvement of soil fertility salt reduction, sky rose in plantation, the transplanting survival rate of middle sky rose is 98.8-99.3%, and middle sky rose Salt And Alkali Tolerance, drought-resistant, cold-resistant ability improve, the low temperature of ability-43 DEG C, at this temperature can safe overwintering; The longer blooming period of middle sky rose, flower diameter increases, output increased: middle sky rose blooms after planting, within 3 years, enters full-bloom stage for 2 years, the north florescence is 195 days, prematurity 16 days, flower diameter is 12.8 ㎝, after field planting, the mat woven of fine bamboo strips 2 years per mu yield fresh flowers reach 420 kilograms, and the mat woven of fine bamboo strips 3 years per mu yield fresh flowers reach 610 kilograms.
In above-mentioned saltings after improvement of soil fertility salt reduction, plantation purple perilla, plant strain growth is good, and surviving rate is 98.4-98.7%, the seed quality of purple perilla is good, can be used as medicine, there is lowering the adverse-rising QI to resolve phlegm, relieving cough and asthma effect, purple perilla seed is containing protein 17.9%, fatty oil 53.0%, be rich in unsaturated fatty acids in fatty oil, wherein linolenic acid accounts for 58.9%, and linolic acid accounts for 19.8%.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind adopts the alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent to foster and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, comprise using of soil subsoiling agent, described soil subsoiling agent, comprise urea-formaldehyde resin, sand slabstone, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide.
2. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: the agent of described earth subsoiling, also comprise polyoxyethylene glycol, addicted to salt methanobacteria, magnesium oxide, succsinic acid, kaolin, highland barley slag, sodium ion sorbent material.
3. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: the agent of described earth subsoiling, the mass ratio of each component is: urea-formaldehyde resin 15-26 part, sand slabstone 7-11 part, polyoxyethylene glycol 10-16 part, addicted to salt methanobacteria 3-6 part, magnesium oxide 3-8 part, succsinic acid 9-17 part, kaolin 4-10 part, highland barley slag 5-13 part, starch-grafted vinyl cyanide 6-14 part, sodium ion sorbent material 3-8 part.
4. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 3 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and it is characterized in that: described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4, and wherein the mass percentage of silicon-dioxide is 50%.
5. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 3 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, and it is characterized in that: described highland barley slag, water content is 25%.
6. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months for alkaline land soil, and soil salt content is down to 0.24-0.35%.
7. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 1 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described alkaline land soil is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction after 6 months for alkaline land soil, and in soil, total nitrogen content is increased to 0.091-0.099%.
8. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 3 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described soil subsoiling agent, its preparation method comprises preparation addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, described preparation is addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, by through overactivation addicted to salt methanobacteria, be by weight 0.5% ratio be inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, 15 minutes are stirred with the speed of 200 revs/min at 37 DEG C, then airtight standing for fermentation is carried out 4 days, sampling Detection thalli growth situation and mensuration pH, when under microscope, viable bacteria total concn number is more than 1,200,000,000/ml, stop fermentation, must addicted to salt methanobacteria microorganisms cultures.
9. a kind of alkaline land soil of urea-formaldehyde resin soil subsoiling agent that adopts according to claim 8 is fostered and apply fertilizer salt reduction method, it is characterized in that: described preparation is addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder, by above-mentioned addicted to salt methanobacteria microorganisms cultures, with the rotating speed of 5000 revs/min centrifugal 10 minutes, and 40 DEG C of dryings 12 hours, make water content be down to below 15wt%, at room temperature broken, cross 100 mesh sieves, obtain addicted to salt methanobacteria pressed powder.
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Application publication date: 20151104 |